EP0134775B1 - Mortier - Google Patents

Mortier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134775B1
EP0134775B1 EP19840890106 EP84890106A EP0134775B1 EP 0134775 B1 EP0134775 B1 EP 0134775B1 EP 19840890106 EP19840890106 EP 19840890106 EP 84890106 A EP84890106 A EP 84890106A EP 0134775 B1 EP0134775 B1 EP 0134775B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grenade
pin
extension
release
firing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840890106
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0134775A1 (fr
Inventor
Johann Dr. Schabelreiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione noricum Maschinenbau und Handel Gesellschaft
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG filed Critical Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke AG
Publication of EP0134775A1 publication Critical patent/EP0134775A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0134775B1 publication Critical patent/EP0134775B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
    • F41F1/06—Mortars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a grenade launcher, in particular a light grenade launcher, with a base piece with a trigger tube and a grenade.
  • the invention has set itself the goal of creating a weapon with a firing range between the range of the hand grenade (about 40 m) and the closest firing range to one's own positions with the other heavy weapons (about 200 m).
  • This weapon is said to be inexpensive, not to require a dedicated team, and to be a simple weapon that is easy to use by infantrymen, the effect of which corresponds approximately to that of hand grenades.
  • the range of the range mentioned is covered by the grenade rifle and the rifle grenade in the armaments commonly used today in many armies.
  • the grenade rifle is a weapon of its own that has to be operated by an additional man in a rifle group and is therefore only available in small numbers. It therefore does not meet the requirements just mentioned.
  • the rifle grenade which is more widespread per se, has the defect that it loads the rifle from which it is fired exceptionally. Another problem arises in the presence of rifles of different calibers, e.g. B. 7.62 mm and 5.56mm, since this grenade would show different ballistic performances with each rifle type.
  • the present invention is based on providing a simple weapon that meets the above requirements and that can be fired from its transport container. It should be noted that in the case of light grenade launchers, a fixed firing pin is usually arranged in the tube, so that immediately after a grenade is inserted into the tube, it hits the firing pin as it falls, whereupon the propellant charge is detonated and detonated.
  • a light possibly designed as a transport container for the grenade grenade launcher according to the preamble of claim 1 with a base piece and with a release device serving as a triggering device, penetrating the wall of the launcher tube and protruding into the tube interior, by means of which a locking pin is known Grenade located in the tube in the area of its rear end in the launcher tube can be kept at a distance from the firing pin of the launcher tube provided there.
  • the pin For firing, the pin is pulled out to the side, with which the grenade is no longer held and, following the heaviness, with its rear part, which has an axially displaceable firing pin, strikes a firing pin, by means of which the firing pin of the grenade is displaced in the direction of the primer, which is the ignition the propellant charge.
  • grenade launchers have become known, in which the grenade is introduced and a firing pin, by means of a firing mechanism, detonates the propellant charge.
  • a trigger pin passing through the base piece and an axially displaceable, pretensioned ignition pin, when the pin is pulled out, the pin shoots against the trigger pin of the grenade, which is pushed against the primer. The grenade is not held in position there.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an easy-to-use, easily transportable grenade launcher, in which an unintended ignition of the grenade during transport, for. B. by impact, is excluded and high safety is guaranteed when firing with a simple structure and simple operation.
  • the invention relates to a grenade launcher, in particular a light grenade launcher, with a base piece, launcher tube and triggering device, by means of which a grenade located in the launcher tube, optionally formed as a transport container, with primers and an essentially axially movable ignition trigger bolt in the region of its rear end in the tube stable in position, and can be released essentially simultaneously with the triggering of an ignition of the grenade propellant charge, which is characterized in that the grenade located in the, preferably designed as a disposable transport container, grenade at its end having the primer, preferably in a recess in the bottom part of the launcher tube, a cavity with an extension - in a non-firing position - from a correspondingly arranged opening in the bottom part penetrating, preferably perpendicular, arranged to the axis of the launcher tube and movable, di e grenade holding position, penetrating pin has opening, wherein
  • the weapon according to the invention is advantageously designed as a grenade integrated in the launcher tube as a transport container.
  • the launcher tube forms a housing that mechanically holds the grenade with the firing mechanism in the base piece against movement in any direction.
  • the grenade is still held in the tube, and only when the release device is brought into the firing position is its release bolt released and essentially at the same time a release of the connection from that point in time Launcher tube and grenade; the grenade is mechanically released by the firing mechanism at the moment the propellant is fired and can leave the launcher.
  • the trigger bolt is a component of the grenade itself, and the spring for the pretensioning of the trigger bolt can also be supported on a radially inward projection at the open end of the extension described or on a base arranged there. So there is an advantage that the grenade itself has all the elements necessary to ignite the propellant charge, and the launcher itself can be of simple construction and contains only the trigger mechanism.
  • the launcher tube is particularly advantageously designed as a one-way transport packaging.
  • a grenade launcher is known from CH-A-292836, the narrow launch tube of which itself forms the handle of a spade, the spade blade being articulated on the base piece.
  • the handle of a spade formed in the usual way can be fired, which improves the straightening properties and increases the ease of use and yet does not lead to any additional strain on the man, so that there is no additional logistical problem.
  • the end of the spade handle can be inserted directly into the recess on the bottom of the launcher in order to form a launching frame.
  • the launcher tubes which are preferably used as transport containers, are designed as disposable packaging, each grenade has its own launcher and, since each soldier is equipped with a spade, there are no problems in terms of supply technology. The effort involved in training the team is also low.
  • the thrower tube is advantageously a flow-pressed and thus cold-strengthened aluminum tube with a length of around 400 to 450 mm, which easily withstands a pressure load of around 100 bar, so that the gas pressure is sufficient for a maximum range of up to 500 m.
  • the support is preferably angled cutting of the spade. It can advantageously be provided that the extension mentioned can be used, in particular screwed in, with primers and release bolts at the rear end of the shell of the grenade.
  • the opening for the release pin is formed in the extension into a slot which is essentially the same width as its width, in particular its diameter, and extends essentially axially to the free end of the extension. If such a longitudinal slot is arranged in the extension wall, even if operated improperly, e.g. B. after removing the safety pin when firing the trigger pin too little, there is no longer a risk of detonation of the propellant charge without the grenade being released, rather the end of the pin still protrudes beyond the contour of the recess in the base piece, but no longer prevents the grenade from leaving the launcher tube.
  • the opening for the trigger pin in the extension has a smaller width than the width, in particular the diameter, of the opening, up to the free end of the extension is formed essentially axially extending slot and the pin has a holding part assigned to the openings in the base piece and in the extension, essentially having a cross-section corresponding to their cross-section, and a connecting part adjoining it, assigned to the release pin and essentially corresponding to the width of the slot, with a has at least the longitudinal extent corresponding to the wall thickness of the extension.
  • the trigger bolt for igniting the propellant charge is not released; when it is released, the then less wide pin part no longer prevents the grenade from being thrown away due to the existing longitudinal slot.
  • a securing pin is provided in the transport position which penetrates the bottom part of the grenade launcher and the extension of the grenade held in position in the launcher by the release pin and also holding the grenade in position.
  • This safety device has the advantage of essentially the same construction and operating method as that of the triggering device.
  • Simple, low-interference design is advantageously achieved by a construction in which the trigger pin on a trigger lever located on the outside of the base piece - such as. B. is described in AT-B 78221 - is articulated and can be removed in the firing position by means of the cam of the release lever, which is supported on the base part outer surface, from the openings in the eye release bolt and in the extension of the grenade, and the prestressed release bolt and the grenade itself can be released mechanically are.
  • a particularly safe, integrated packaging of the launcher tube and grenade is provided when the trigger pin is in the transport position
  • Articulated release levers and a lever articulated on the securing pin, in particular a ring essentially lying against the outer surface of the launcher tube, together with a flexible element, preferably a self-adhesive tape, can be held in place. It is then only necessary to remove the securing band from the release lever and the securing ring during use, and to unlock and flip the release lever in the preparation position for firing.
  • the recess in the base piece described above which is provided as a form-locking element for receiving a spade handle end, is advantageously essentially prismatic or frustoconical, possibly with an approximately hemispherical base. It can furthermore have a thread which cooperates with a corresponding counter thread at the handle-side end of a gap.
  • the launcher tube has a side and height sighting device with a rear sight arranged on the outside of the base piece, preferably a circumferential sighting groove, and, if appropriate, arranged in or on a sealing plug for the launcher barrel, preferably provided with a firing range scale, essentially Muzzle area attached to the launcher tube, by gravity in position, flexible visor element, preferably visor flag.
  • a grenade for, in particular light, grenade launcher with a grenade body and, preferably with a stabilizing fins, shaft, an axially movable release bolt being arranged in a cylindrical space in the rear part of the grenade is which grenade is characterized in that it has at its shaft end a, preferably essentially hollow cylindrical, and preferably open to the rear, extension with primer and at a distance therefrom, on the side facing away from the primer a tensioning element, in particular a spring, having a release bolt , preferably opposite one another, openings in the extension in cross-section corresponding opening, wherein the openings - arranged essentially in a mutually overlapping position - are penetrated by a bolt holding pin.
  • the advantage of the weapon according to the invention is that in the case of training as a single-use weapon after firing, it no longer has to represent any load, can be provided for every soldier with a combat mission and is also suitable as a near-defense weapon for armored combat vehicles and fixed systems. It is easy to handle, has a robust mechanism, light weight, which, for. B. for a launcher tube with a caliber of 60 mm and a length of 450 mm is only about 2 kg, a firing range up to 500 m and has relatively good straightening properties with simultaneous ease of manipulation due to the possibility of being attached to the spade handle. Compared to known products, the new weapon shows a higher weapon effect at the target, is characterized by simple manufacture and forms a standard warhead.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a grenade launcher according to the invention with a launcher tube and a partially cut grenade
  • FIGS. 2, 2a, 3 and 3a and 4 show details of the extension of the grenade in advantageous embodiments
  • FIG. Uses an oblique view to set up and align the new weapon also in a preferred embodiment.
  • the launcher grenade 2 is shown in the launcher tube 1 with the bottom piece 10, with the extension 20 screwed onto its rear end of its fin 25, which protrudes into a recess 13 in the bottom piece 10.
  • the base piece 10 there are substantially opposite through openings 101, 102 and in the extension 20 such openings 201, 202 of essentially the same cross section, which openings in the transport position and before firing the grenade all substantially cover one another, one of which is the outer surface of the base piece 10 outstanding trigger pin 11 and a likewise protruding locking pin 12 are interspersed.
  • the pins 11 and 12 the extension 20 and thus the grenade 2 are fixedly connected to the launcher tube 1, and an extremely secure transport mechanism is provided.
  • the protruding end of the trigger pin 11 is articulated to a trigger lever 111 with a lifting cam 112 in the position shown in the full line before firing on the outside of the base piece.
  • the locking pin 12 is articulated to a locking ring 121 which, in the arrangement shown - shown in the transport position T - is arranged substantially parallel to the outer surface of the launcher tube 1.
  • the release lever 111 In the transport position, the release lever 111 has the position T shown in dashed lines, essentially lying on the outer surface of the launcher tube 1, and both the transport ring 121 and the release lever 111 are enclosed by a common securing band 122.
  • a cylindrical recess 14 serving as a form-locking element is provided in the base piece 10, into which a correspondingly designed, cylindrical end piece 31 of a spade handle 30 can be inserted. In this way, the spade 3 can form a launching frame for the grenade launcher according to the invention.
  • the mouth of the launcher tube is preferably closed in the transport position with a stopper 45, in which a band-shaped visor lug 41 is housed with a free end, the other end of which is attached to the launcher tube.
  • a circumferential visor groove 40 serving as a rear sight is also arranged on the base piece 10.
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a show, in section and in plan view, a detail of a preferred embodiment of an extension 20, in which the opening 201 penetrated by the release pin 11 merges into an essentially equally wide slot (201a) breaking through the wall of the extension, while the opening 202 for the locking pin 12 does not have such a slot, so that there is an axial bearing holder with pin 12. If pin 12 has already been removed during firing and the part of pin 11 protruding into opening 221 of release pin 22 is pulled out of this, then spring-loaded pin 22 strikes primer 23 and thus the ignition of the propellant charge. Even if pin 11 then still protrudes into opening 201 in extension 20 (and would hold grenade 2 in the tube in an embodiment variant according to FIG. 1), the grenade can leave the launcher tube in that pin 11 still protruding as a result of the up to rear end of the extension 20 through slot no longer inhibits the release of the grenade.
  • the slot 201 in the extension 20 starting from the opening 201 for the pin 11 is narrower than the diameter of the opening 201
  • the pin 11 itself has a holding part 115 which essentially corresponds to the cross section of the opening 201 and which merges into a release part 116 which corresponds essentially to the width of the slot 201a and projects into the opening 221 of the release bolt 22.
  • the longitudinal extent of the part 116 is advantageously equal to the wall thickness of the extension 20.
  • the thicker part 115 of the pin 11 ensures the axial immovability of the grenade in the transport position, the narrower part 116 that of the release pin 22.
  • FIG. 4 shows how grenade 2 with shaft 26 is secured against insertion into a launcher by means of pin holding pin 226 which penetrates openings 201, 202 in extension 20 and opening 221 in release pin 22. After being inserted into the launcher, the pin 226 is ejected and replaced with the safety pin and the release pin, as previously explained.
  • reference numerals not explained in detail in FIGS. 1 to 4 have the same meaning as in FIG. 1.
  • the figure shows how in the firing position the grenade launcher according to the invention with launch tube 1 and release lever 111 is connected to the handle end 31 of a spade 3 with an angled cutting edge, and is supported with its surface on the ground.
  • a visor 31 held in position by gravity with range of division 411 is arranged, which together with a rear sight serving as a rear sight groove 40 on the bottom part 10 of the turret together forms a sighting device, the operator's line of sight in essentially oriented towards the horizon.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Mortier lance-grenade, en particulier mortier lance-grenade léger, avec culasse (10), tube de lancement (1) et dispositif de déclenchement (11, 111) au moyen duquel une grenade (2) avec détonateur (23) qui se trouve dans le tube de lancement (1), conformé le cas échéant en récipient de transport, muni d'un percuteur (22) mobile sensiblement axialement, pouvant être retenue en place dans le tube (1) dans la zone de sa partie arrière, et libérée pratiquement en même temps que le déclenchement de la mise à feu de la charge propulsive de la grenade, caractérisé par le fait que la grenade (2) qui se trouve dans le tube (1) conformé de préférence en récipient non réutilisable, présente, à son extrémité qui contient le détonateur (23), un prolongement (20) contenant un espace creux (205), qui dépasse de préférence dans un évidement (13) de la culasse (10) du tube de lancement (1), comportant une ouverture (201) traversée par un doigt de déclenchement (11) qui traverse - en position de non mise à feu - une ouverture (101) disposée de façon correspondante dans la culasse (10) qui est placé et peut se déplacer de préférence à angle droit par rapport à l'axe du tube de lancemant (1) et maintient la grenade (2) dans sa position, un doigt de déclenchement (11) étant disposé dans l'espace creux (205) du prolongement (20), sous tension préalable avec, appuyé le cas échéant sur le fond de l'évidement (13), un élément de tension, en particulier un ressort (210), ledit percuteur (22) étant également maintenu par ledit doigt de déclenchement (11) qui dépasse dans son ouverture (221), qui de préférence le traverse, dans une position à l'écart du détonateur (23) et qui peut se déplacer sensiblement axialement, et la culasse (10) présente tant le cas échéant un élément d'assemblage par la forme, de préférence un évidement (14) qui peut être relié avec un élément d'assemblage par la forme complémentaire, conformé de façon correspondante et situé à l'extrémité de saisie du manche (30) d'une pelle (3), respectivement en coopération avec l'extrémité (31) elle-même du manche d'une pelle.
2. Mortier lance-grenade selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture (201) destinée au doigt de déclenchement (11) située dans le prolongement (20) prend la forme d'une fente (201a) qui s'étend sensiblement axialement jusqu'à l'extrémité libre du prolongement (20) et présente une largeur sensiblement égale à celle de ladite ouverture (201), en particulier à son diamètre.
3. Mortier lance-grenade selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture (201) destinée au doigt de déclenchement (11), située dans le prolongement (20), prend la forme d'une fente (201a) qui s'étend sensiblement axialement jusqu'à l'extrémité libre du prolongement (20) et qui présente une largeur inférieure à la largeur de l'ouverture (201), en particulier son diamètre, et que le doigt (11) présente une partie de retenue (115) qui correspond aux ouvertures (101, 201) de la culasse (10) et du prolongement (20) et qui a une section correspondant sensiblement à leur section, et une partie de dégagement (116) qui correspond au percuteur (22) et qui présente une largeur correspondant sensiblement à la largeur de la fente (201 a), avec une extension en longueur qui correspond au moins à l'épaisseur de la paroi du prolongement (20).
4. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que le prolongement (20) de la grenade (2) muni d'un percuteur (22) et d'un détonateur (23) a une forme sensiblement cylindrique creuse et est placé dans le fût (26) de la grenade (2), de préférence vissée.
5. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'en plus du doigt de déclenchement (11) on prévoit un doigt de sécurité (12) qui retient également la grenade (2) dans sa position, qui traverse, en position de transport, la culasse (10) du tube du mortier lance-grenade (1) ainsi que le prolongement (20) de la grenade (2) maintenue en place dans le dispositif de lancement par le doigt de déclenchement (11).
6. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que le doigt de déclenchement (11) articulé de façon connue en soi avec un levier de déclenchement (111) disposé contre le côté extérieur de la culasse (10) peut être retiré au moyen de la came (112) du levier de déclenchement (111), qui s'appuie sur ladite surface extérieure de la culasse, hors des ouvertures (221, 201) ménagées dans le percuteur (22) et dans le prolongement (20) de la grenade (2), en libérant le percuteur (22) sous tension préalable, ainsi que la grenade (2) elle-même.
7. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'en position de transport (T) le levier de déclenchement (111) articulé avec le doigt de déclenchement (11), ainsi qu'un levier articulé avec le doigt de sécurité (12), en particulier un anneau (121) peuvent être verrouillés en place sensiblement contre la surface extérieure du tube de lancement (1), d'une façon commune, par un élément flexible, de préférence un ruban adhésif (122).
8. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que l'évidement (14) de la culasse du tube de lancement (1) a une forme sensiblement prismatique ou tronconique, le cas échéant avec un fond hémisphérique.
9. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que l'évidement (14) de la culasse (10) présente un filetage qui coopère avec un filetage complémentaire situé à l'extrémité (31) de saisie d'une pelle (3).
10. Mortier lance-grenade selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que le tube de lancement (1) présente un dispositif de visée en direction et en hausse avec un cran de mire disposé sur le côté extérieur de la culasse (10), de préférence une gorge de visée (40) et un élément flexible de visée, de préférence un fanion de visée (41), qui peut être maintenu en place par la force de la pesanteur, qui est fixé sensiblement dans la zone de la bouche du tube de lancement (1), qui est muni de préférence d'une échelle de portées (411), et disposé le cas échéant dans ou sur un tampon de fermeture (45) destiné au tube de lancement (1).
11. Grenade pour mortier lance-grenade, en particulier légers, comportant un corps de grenade et un fût qui présente de préférence de dérives de stabilisation, un percuteur susceptible de se déplacer axialement das un espace cylindrique à la partie arrière de la grenade, caractérisée par le fait que la grenade présente à l'extrémité de son fût un prolongement (20) comportant une partie creuse de préférence sensiblement cylindrique et de préférence ouvert vers l'extérieur, muni d'un détonateur (23) et d'un percuteur (22) disposé à distance de ce dernier, présentant, du côté tourné vers le détonateur (23), un élément de tension, en particulier un ressort (210), comportant une ouverture (221) correspondant en diamètre aux ouvertures (201, 202) du prolongement (20) de préférence opposées, les ouvertures (201, 221, 202) - disposées dans une position sensiblement coïncidante - étant traversées par un doigt de retenue (226) de percuteur.
EP19840890106 1983-06-15 1984-06-04 Mortier Expired EP0134775B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2207/83 1983-06-15
AT220783 1983-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0134775A1 EP0134775A1 (fr) 1985-03-20
EP0134775B1 true EP0134775B1 (fr) 1987-11-19

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EP19840890106 Expired EP0134775B1 (fr) 1983-06-15 1984-06-04 Mortier

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DE (1) DE3467617D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES533400A0 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110107427B (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-04-10 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种用于固体推力发动机装药的料浆定量挤出装置及方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT78221B (de) * 1916-02-17 1919-09-10 Alfred Wolff Maschf Abzug für Schußvorrichtungen aller Art.
CH292836A (de) * 1951-07-26 1953-08-31 Maeder P Wilhelm Granatwerfer.
US3505924A (en) * 1967-04-18 1970-04-14 Allied Res Ass Inc Silent mortar

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ES8504381A1 (es) 1985-04-01
DE3467617D1 (en) 1987-12-23
ES533400A0 (es) 1985-04-01
EP0134775A1 (fr) 1985-03-20

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