EP0124733A2 - Bâtiment d'habitation - Google Patents

Bâtiment d'habitation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124733A2
EP0124733A2 EP84103168A EP84103168A EP0124733A2 EP 0124733 A2 EP0124733 A2 EP 0124733A2 EP 84103168 A EP84103168 A EP 84103168A EP 84103168 A EP84103168 A EP 84103168A EP 0124733 A2 EP0124733 A2 EP 0124733A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
residential building
offset
building according
axes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84103168A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0124733A3 (fr
Inventor
Theo Medel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0124733A2 publication Critical patent/EP0124733A2/fr
Publication of EP0124733A3 publication Critical patent/EP0124733A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improvement in the construction of residential buildings, in particular those that are made in wood skeleton construction. It is already known to provide a square grid for the floor plan of residential buildings and to arrange the walls and, if necessary, provided ceiling supports only at a distance of the predetermined grid width or a multiple thereof. In this way you get standardized dimensions, which favor rational construction methods. The disadvantage of the standardized dimensions, however, is that they restrict the individual design options for the residential building and cannot be built on any building plot.
  • the invention has for its object to bring a technical advance here by a new type of residential building, which can be adapted to a large extent to the specifications of the client and the building plot with standardized dimensions.
  • each floor which is the starting point of the three axes provided in the plan. It is the walls or supports located in the sides of the cell and in the axes extending from them, which take up the main loads of the building in addition to the outer walls and introduce them into the building ground.
  • the cell and the three axes can appear not only once in the floor plan of the building, but also several times on buildings with numerous apartments on one floor, whereby neighboring cells should not directly adjoin one another and the axes emanating from one cell to those emanating from the other cells Axes preferably, but not necessarily parallel.
  • the sides of the square cell and the three axes emanating therefrom do not have to be designed as solid walls, but supports should be provided there as load-bearing elements in at least some of the grid intersection points. If walls are provided, these supports can be integrated into the walls or the walls can replace the supports. In the case of a wooden skeleton construction, for which the invention is particularly suitable, the necessary supports are always designed independently.
  • the supports should be on the axes at a distance of one, at most a distance of twice the grid width, apart from the axes and the square cell, they may be at a distance of one, two or three times the grid width, but expediently not further apart (claim 6).
  • the supports are preferably spaced apart by a simple raster width, that is to say a total of eight supports (claim 7).
  • Another advantage of the offset is that when the square cell is used as a staircase, very good access to several (up to four) apartments arranged around the staircase is ensured even with a very small staircase. For this purpose one sees ent in the stairwell speaking offset with formation of an intermediate platform for each floor and can then access two apartments from the main platform and the other two apartments from the intermediate platform in four apartments arranged on one floor.
  • the planned offset in the building makes this particularly suitable for slopes, but can also be easily implemented on flat plots.
  • the residential building according to the invention can be built with all possible roofs (flat roof, pent roof, gable roof, hip roof, etc.). If a gable roof or a pent roof is built, its orientation is possible both parallel and at right angles to the axes of the floor plan.
  • the square cell can only be used as a staircase in multi-storey buildings. With a single-storey construction, the cell can be used as a hallway, from which the surrounding rooms can be easily accessed. It is also possible to move the cell to the edge of the building. In principle, however, the arrangement of the square cell in the middle of the building is preferred, the distance of each wall from the alignment of the closest parallel side of the cell should not be greater than three times the raster width (claim 13); this should also be expediently observed in the case of larger residential buildings in which several cells with their assigned axes are provided next to one another in the floor plan.
  • the preferably internal staircase for which the cell is used for practical purposes, has further advantages: it is well suited to take on a supporting function within the building by means of the walls or supports provided on its sides. It can also be used for ventilation, heating, cooling and lighting the building.
  • the stairwell can be directly exposed and ventilated through glass windows in the roof and in the offset wall of the staircase cell (claim 3), and through the recessed stairwell windows can also be heated directly with solar heat.
  • a heat accumulator in the lower area of the staircase (claim 4) one can supply heat to the adjacent rooms or apartments via the staircase.
  • a heat store e.g. serve a stone pack forming the stairwell floor (claim 5), which e.g. is heated by solar heat collectors on the roof.
  • the vertical offset occurring along an axis can lie in the partition between two apartments; however, if the offset is within an apartment, then it is preferably overcome by an intermediate staircase which extends in the direction of travel over a length corresponding to the grid width (claim 8). In this way, the offset can also be used as a design element, e.g. to divide a large living space into two areas.
  • the height of the offset is preferably chosen to be approximately 95 cm, which corresponds to approximately one third of the usual floor height (claim 9).
  • the other rooms of the building, housed on the same floor, are grouped around a central square cell 1 with side length 2A, in which the staircase is housed.
  • Two opposite side walls 2 and 3 of the cell 1 define the position of two axes 6 and 7, which coincide with the side walls 2 and 3 and over one of the two transverse side walls 4 and 5 of the cell, namely beyond the side wall 4 to lead to the outer wall 9 of the building.
  • Another axis 8 leads from the center of the other side wall 5 of the cell 1 running transversely to the axial direction to the opposite outer wall 10 of the building.
  • the access from the stairwell to the living area can take place on both levels, namely from a main platform or from an intermediate platform.
  • the building shown in the floor plan is intended for construction in wooden skeleton construction.
  • the static loads are taken up by supports 13, which always stand at grid intersections. Accordingly, there are a total of eight supports 13 in the side walls 2 to 5 of the cell 1 at a spacing of the grid width A. Outside the cell 1, the supports 13 are arranged at a greater distance.
  • the outer walls 9, 11 and 12 at a distance 2A, in the outer wall 10 with different distances, namely A, 2A and 3A, and in the interior between the outer walls 9 to 12 and the side walls 2 to 5 of the cell 1 as required in Distances of A, 2A or 3A.
  • Walls can lie in axes 6, 7 and 8, but this need not be the case.
  • the axes 7 and 8 are designed as walls, but the axis 6 only insofar as it coincides with the side wall 2 of the cell 1; then the axis 6 contains only one support 13 '.
  • the distance of the cell 1 from the outer walls 9 and 10 is three times the grid width A, from the other side walls 11 and 12 it is twice the grid width A.
  • the floor plan of the residential building can be enlarged to any extent beyond the area shown.
  • Intermediate walls are then optionally made from the outer walls, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1 using the example of walls 9 and 11.
  • axes 6 and 7 end on the wall 9, which marks the end of a building section.
  • another basic pattern appears consisting of a square cell 1, three axes 6 to 8 and a vertical offset.
  • Figure 2 shows how several building sections, each with a square cell 1 and 1 ', three axes 6' to 8 'and a vertical offset, can be put together.
  • the axes 6 to 8 or 6 'to 8 1 run parallel, but not in alignment.
  • the two building sections shown are nested with one another: axis 6 of the left building section is at the same time axis 8 'of the right building section, which is indicated by broken lines to the right - a further building section is connected.
  • the axes in both building sections are formed by heat with the exception of axis 7 in the left building section, on which there are only two supports 13. Columns lying in the walls are not shown.
  • the vertical offset is along axis 8, sidewalls 5 and 2 of cell 1, axis 6, sidewalls 5 'and 2' and along axis 6 '(it could also be along axis 8, sidewalls 5 and 2 of cell 1, axis 6, side walls 5 'and 3' and along the axis 7 '); between this line and the outer walls 11, 11 'the floor level is approximately 90 cm above that below the floor level between this line and the outer walls 12, 12'.
  • the residential building shown in Fig. 3 to 6 is a building on a hillside plot in wood skeleton construction with a partially ground-level basement, a ground floor (Fig. 3) and an expanded, partially sloping attic floor (Fig. 4).
  • the staircase 1 is accessible from the basement through a door 16 and opens up all apartments. It is arranged centrally, up to the gable roof 17, 17 'and is directly exposed and ventilated through skylights 18 and through windows 18' (FIG. 7).
  • the windows 18 ' lie in those outer walls 27 and 28 which are on the axes 7 and 8 and which bridge the offset between the higher roof surfaces 17 and the roof surfaces 17' offset against them downwards.
  • the middle axis 8 separates apartments C and D on the ground floor.
  • the other two axes 6 and 7 are in the large apartment E.
  • the vertical offset runs along axis 8, the stairwell walls 5 and 3 and axis 7, which separates the living area from the dining area in apartment E.
  • the living area is 95 cm lower than the dining area and is connected to the dining area by a five-step staircase.
  • Apartment C is on the same level as the living area of apartment E.
  • the stairs leading up from the basement are divided by an intermediate platform 20 into a longer, coiled, ten-stage section 21 and a short, straight, five-stage section 22.
  • Apartment C is accessed from the small intermediate platform 20, and the other two apartments from main platform 23 D and E opened up.
  • the staircase is divided in the same way: an intermediate platform 20 'separates a short and a long flight of stairs 22' or 21 'and opens up apartment F, while apartment G is accessible from the main platform 23'.
  • the floor of the staircase 1 can be formed by a heat store, e.g. through a stone pack, which can be heated by solar heat collectors, e.g. can accommodate on the slope. Since all apartments have access to the central staircase 1, the heat storage can be accessed via this, e.g. through a suitable air duct between the apartments and the staircase.
  • the house In summer, the house can be ventilated or ventilated through the skylights 18 above the stairwell and additionally through the windows 18 'arranged along the offset, which partly lead into the stairwell 1 and partly into the adjacent rooms. In winter, the windows 18 'arranged along the offset contribute in a desired manner to the direct lighting and heating of the rear rooms of the upper floor.
  • a major advantage of the vertical offset can be seen in the two side views (Fig. 5 and 6) of the building:
  • the horizontal pliers 25 running in the direction perpendicular to the axes 6 to 8 do not need to extend over the entire length of the building, but only have to be led from the building corners to the offset zone V; on the supports 13 "'located in the offset zone V, the pliers 25 can overlap due to the offset.
EP84103168A 1983-03-31 1984-03-22 Bâtiment d'habitation Withdrawn EP0124733A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3311783 1983-03-31
DE3311783A DE3311783C2 (de) 1983-03-31 1983-03-31 Wohngebäude

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124733A2 true EP0124733A2 (fr) 1984-11-14
EP0124733A3 EP0124733A3 (fr) 1986-12-30

Family

ID=6195223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84103168A Withdrawn EP0124733A3 (fr) 1983-03-31 1984-03-22 Bâtiment d'habitation

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US4602464A (fr)
EP (1) EP0124733A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3311783C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2705983B1 (fr) * 1993-06-01 1996-02-02 Perche Jean Michel Structure et enveloppe constructive économiquement optimum pour bâtiment résidentiel à typologie variable.
GB2283255B (en) * 1993-10-29 1996-10-16 Ljubomir Jankovic Building
AU2316395A (en) * 1995-04-28 1996-11-18 Ljubomir Jankovic Building
DE19602869A1 (de) * 1996-01-27 1997-08-07 Siegfried Von Dipl Hopffgarten Baugruppe für ein Gebäude
US5809704A (en) * 1996-09-17 1998-09-22 Stewart; Jerry W. Hillside multistory residential dwelling structure
DE19741260A1 (de) * 1997-09-19 1999-04-08 Stommel Franz Haus
FR2771122B1 (fr) * 1997-11-18 2000-12-01 Dan Roland Malamuceanu Ensemble d'habitation a eclairage zenithal
US6405496B1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-06-18 Jerry W. Stewart Multi-story multiple dwelling complex with semi-private garage to apartment entry and exit pathways
US7779586B2 (en) * 2002-02-22 2010-08-24 S&T Joint Venture Multistory apartment module with stairways to single corridor
US8353131B2 (en) * 2006-01-12 2013-01-15 Freet Patrick A Loq-kit building component system
US8474203B1 (en) 2010-05-27 2013-07-02 STB Architects and Planners Multistory residential building with private stairway accessible units
JP2015083754A (ja) * 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 建物
JP6788326B2 (ja) * 2015-01-27 2020-11-25 大和ハウス工業株式会社 住宅
JP6778990B2 (ja) * 2015-04-10 2020-11-04 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 建物
US11195241B2 (en) * 2017-03-17 2021-12-07 Scott Comey Rentable multipurpose private facility and method of use
JP2018178709A (ja) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-15 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 住宅
FI20185670A1 (en) * 2018-08-03 2020-02-04 Admares Group Oy BUILDING

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1566606A (fr) * 1968-03-25 1969-05-09
US3513607A (en) * 1968-08-20 1970-05-26 Hector N Renes Modular high rise building construction
FR2086697A5 (fr) * 1970-04-02 1971-12-31 Cousty Simone

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US3566558A (en) * 1968-10-03 1971-03-02 Joseph V Fisher Apartment buildings and the like
US3566588A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-03-02 Case Co J I Mounting mechanism for harvesting attachment
US3629983A (en) * 1969-09-02 1971-12-28 Louis J Jenn Preconstructed multiple unit housing
US3656266A (en) * 1970-05-07 1972-04-18 Alvic Dev Corp Buildings
GB1362990A (en) * 1971-10-19 1974-08-14 Rohrer K R Building construction
US3724143A (en) * 1971-10-29 1973-04-03 V Paukulis Industrialized building construction
US3805461A (en) * 1972-10-10 1974-04-23 A Jagoda Modular building system
US4035973A (en) * 1974-09-20 1977-07-19 Sutelan Franklin S Bisectional architectural structure
US4431679A (en) * 1982-04-02 1984-02-14 Benckiser-Knapsack Gmbh Composition for treating fish fillet to increase yield and shelf life

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1566606A (fr) * 1968-03-25 1969-05-09
US3513607A (en) * 1968-08-20 1970-05-26 Hector N Renes Modular high rise building construction
FR2086697A5 (fr) * 1970-04-02 1971-12-31 Cousty Simone

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FRICK, KN\LL, NEUMANN, "Baukontruktionslehre Teil 1" 28. Auflage, B.G. TEUBNER, 1983, Seiten 226-231, Stuttgart, DE; *
HILLMANN, NAGEL, SCHRECK: "Klimagerechte und energiesparende Architektur", 3. Auflage, Verlag C.F. M}ller, 1983, Karlsruhe, DE *
NEUFERT, "Bau-Entwurfslehre", 30. Auflage, 1979, Seite 55, F. VIEWEG & SOHN, Braunschweig/Wiesbaden, DE *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3311783C2 (de) 1985-06-05
EP0124733A3 (fr) 1986-12-30
US4602464A (en) 1986-07-29
DE3311783A1 (de) 1984-10-11

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