EP0104429B1 - Procédé de traitement d'une matière textile par un liquide - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement d'une matière textile par un liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104429B1
EP0104429B1 EP83108288A EP83108288A EP0104429B1 EP 0104429 B1 EP0104429 B1 EP 0104429B1 EP 83108288 A EP83108288 A EP 83108288A EP 83108288 A EP83108288 A EP 83108288A EP 0104429 B1 EP0104429 B1 EP 0104429B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment liquid
vessel
fibrous material
fiber material
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83108288A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0104429A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Karrer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karrer System AG
Original Assignee
Karrer System AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19823245013 external-priority patent/DE3245013A1/de
Application filed by Karrer System AG filed Critical Karrer System AG
Priority to AT83108288T priority Critical patent/ATE24214T1/de
Publication of EP0104429A1 publication Critical patent/EP0104429A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0104429B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104429B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B21/00—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B21/02—Successive treatments of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours the treatments being performed in a single container
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for liquid treatment of textile fiber material or the like, in particular for dyeing yarn, loose material or textile piece goods, in which the fiber material is introduced into a container, the container is evacuated dry, the treatment liquid is introduced into the container, the treatment liquid during a brought into effect for a certain time on the fiber material, the treatment liquid is removed from the container and the fiber material in the container is dried, if necessary after rinsing.
  • the performance of the known method has hitherto been limited in particular by the duration of action of the treatment liquid on the fiber material, which is necessary in the interest of complete, uniform and, if necessary, gentle treatment or dyeing. In addition, the drying time also reduces performance.
  • the object of the invention is to shorten the treatment time without having to accept an uneven or non-gentle treatment of the fiber material.
  • this object is achieved either according to claim 1 (with preheating of the fiber material) or according to claim 3 (without preheating the fiber material).
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the evacuation of the container leads to a positive preparatory effect on the fiber material, since the enclosed air bubbles expand due to the pressure drop, which leads to the opening of the fiber pores and the existing capillary walls in the sense of a substantial increase in Diffusion of the active ingredients of the treatment liquid influences, so that, for example, larger dye molecules can quickly penetrate into the fibers and settle there.
  • the withdrawal of moisture associated with the evacuation activity from the fiber material is advantageous because it can lead to wetting with concentrated liquid, which is not diluted by water adhering to the fiber material.
  • the starting concentration of the introduced treatment liquid is brought up to the dry fiber material, which due to the previous evacuation is particularly receptive to the active substances of the treatment liquid.
  • the treatment liquid introduced penetrates the fiber material suddenly and with an unimpaired concentration of the active ingredients, the fiber material being impregnated uniformly. It can be seen that the active ingredients can thus quickly diffuse into the fiber material. This results in a comparatively short treatment time, which also means that the fiber material is protected.
  • the teaching according to the invention of avoiding steam condensation in or on the fiber material can be followed in such a way that, before the treatment liquid is introduced, the fiber material in the container is preheated to a minimum temperature which is determined by the temperature of the treatment liquid supplied and the negative pressure in the evacuated container is as provided in claim 1.
  • the fiber material can expediently be preheated by means of warm air flowing through the container.
  • the object of the invention can also be achieved according to claim 3 without preheating the fiber material he follows.
  • This approach is based on the fact that condensation in and on the fiber material is ruled out from the outset if, due to the physical circumstances, no evaporation of the treatment liquid occurs when the treatment liquid is introduced. The generation of steam when the treatment liquid is introduced is already avoided, so that there is also no fear of steam condensation in the fiber material. With this procedure, the temperature of the treatment liquid introduced is, for example, only 30 ° C.
  • the fiber material can be completely colored in a short time.
  • This process variant can therefore also be of particular importance because of the low load on the fiber material and, depending on the application, the resulting quality maintenance. Decreases in properties, such as matting of the material, can largely be avoided as a result of the comparatively short duration of treatment. After all, the savings in energy and operating costs are particularly high in this case.
  • the treatment liquid After wetting the fiber material with the introduced treatment liquid, there can no longer be any disadvantageous formation of condensation in the fiber material. Unless the peculiarities of the fiber material require appropriate protection in individual cases, the treatment liquid can therefore be heated after it has been introduced into the container. As a result, the action of the treatment liquid on the fiber material can be increased, and the treatment time can be further reduced.
  • This pressure which can be, for example, in the range from 1 to 1.5 bar, has the further advantageous effect, in addition to the prevention of steam formation, that small air bubbles or air nests remaining in the fiber material are eliminated because the air bubbles are compressed and their adhesion on the fiber material is reduced so that they rise through the treatment liquid. This also leads to an improved effect of the treatment liquid on the fiber material.
  • the treatment liquid can expediently be given a pulsating movement during its action on the fiber material. This movement works in the sense of a concentration balance, in which the active ingredients diffused into the fiber material are replaced. Since such a pulsation of the treatment liquid, in particular if this is done using the vacuum pump assigned to the container (CH-A-330091), evaporation phenomena can occur within the treatment liquid or the fiber material, for this case the above-mentioned overpressure is during the exposure period an advantage in order to exclude interfering evaporation processes with certainty.
  • the drying as described in the known method at the beginning is preferably also carried out in such a way that, after the treatment liquid has been removed from the container, air and / or steam first flows through the fiber material and thereby predried to a residual moisture content and then applying a vacuum with simultaneous supply of heat the final moisture content is dried.
  • predrying or mechanical dewatering by means of a flow through the fiber material the drying progresses comparatively quickly, but the residual moisture is then removed only slowly. This is absorbed by the medium flowing through by evaporation and deposited in a condenser assigned to the vacuum pump.
  • the vacuum pump is used to keep air flowing through the fiber material.
  • the pressure in the container reduced by the vacuum pump favors the evaporation process.
  • the residual moisture is removed during evaporation by evaporation as a result of a correspondingly lower pressure in the container, the heat of vaporization not being supplied by a heat carrier such as air, which at the same time absorbs and serves to remove moisture.
  • the residual moisture is essentially not evaporated but evaporated by the pressure drop brought about by the vacuum pump, drawn off in vapor form by the vacuum pump and deposited in the condenser. Since the vacuum acts essentially uniformly throughout the entire fiber material, the evaporation and thus drying takes place within the entire volume of the fiber material, which accelerates and evenens the drying process, which in turn is in the interest of gentle treatment of the fiber material.
  • heat Since the residual moisture evaporates while evaporation heat is removed, heat must be added to the container or the fiber material during the final drying. This heat can be applied to the fiber material by radiation. Alternatively or additionally, high-frequency energy (microwaves) can be supplied to the fiber material during the final drying. Likewise, moisture can advantageously be evaporated from the fiber material by alternately lowering the pressure and the fiber material with the moisture still present in it can be heated by hot air flowing through it to compensate for the loss of heat of vaporization.
  • microwaves microwaves
  • the device comprises an elongated cylindrical treatment tank 1 and a storage tank 2 for the treatment liquid arranged with a vertical axis.
  • the containers 1 and 2 are connected to one another by an overflow line 3 with an overflow valve 4.
  • a steam line 5 with a steam valve 6 opens into the lower region of the storage container 2.
  • a line 7 with a valve 8 extends from the bottom of the storage container and serves to fill the storage container 2 with the treatment liquid, for example a dyeing liquor, and to discharge the treatment liquid .
  • the overflow line 3 is connected to the line 7.
  • a compressed air line 9 with a compressed air valve 10 and a ventilation valve 11 are shown at the upper end of the storage container 2.
  • a serpentine heat exchanger 5 ' is arranged in the storage container 2, through which a heating medium or a cooling medium can optionally be flowed in order to give the treatment liquid in the storage container 2 the desired temperature.
  • the treatment container 1 has at its right end a loading opening which is provided with a lid-like closure 12.
  • an elongated cylindrical support 13 with perforations 14 provided in its peripheral surface is supported coaxially and rotatably by means of bearing-like supports 15 and 16.
  • the right end of the carrier 13 is closed by an end plate 17 against which an adjustable holding part 18, which can be removed with the closure 12, bears, which prevents the carrier 13 from axial displacements.
  • a drive device 21 which comprises a motor 22 with a gear 23, a clutch 24 and a drive shaft 25, which is sealed by the firmly closed end wall of the Treatment container 1 leads, is stored in this and carries the pinion 20.
  • annular partition wall 26 is provided, which extends radially between the jacket of the treatment container and the carrier 13, to which it connects in a sealing manner.
  • the container 1 is divided into a drain chamber 27 at the left end of the container 1 and into a fiber material chamber 28. Since the carrier is open at its left end carrying the ring gear 19, the interior of the cylindrical carrier 13 forms a central extension of the drain chamber 27.
  • the clamps 27 and 28 are in flow communication with one another only through the perforations 14 of the carrier.
  • the fiber material 29 to be treated is wound in layers on the carrier 13, and since the perforations 14 are provided only in the axial region covered by the fiber material 29, the flow connection between the chambers 27 and 28 runs through the fiber material except through the perforations 14 29 through.
  • the overflow line 3 opens into the fiber material chamber 28 on the underside of the container 1. It is also connected to the outlet chamber 27 via a branch line 30 with a valve 31.
  • a flushing water line 32 with a flushing valve 33 opens into the fiber material chamber 28 on the underside of the container.
  • An outlet line 34 with an outlet valve 35 is connected to the underside of the outlet chamber 27.
  • a vacuum pump 36 with an upstream condenser 37 is assigned to the treatment container 1.
  • the vacuum pump 36 is connected on the suction side via a suction line 38 and a four-way valve 39 on the one hand via the line 40 with the valve 41 to the drain chamber 27 and on the other hand via line 42 with the valve 43 to the fiber material chamber 28.
  • the vacuum pump 36 can optionally be connected via a line 44 and a changeover valve 45 to a blow-out connector 46 or a return line 47, which is also connected to the four-way valve 39 and can therefore be connected to the fiber material chamber 28 or the drain chamber 27 in alternation with the suction line 38.
  • a control unit 50 is provided to control the device, which can optionally also be carried out at least partially by hand. As indicated, this is connected via signal lines to a temperature sensor 51 in the treatment tank 1 and to a temperature sensor 52 in the storage tank 2 as well as to a liquid level sensor 53 and a pressure sensor 54 in the drain chamber 27. Furthermore, control lines emanate from the control unit 50, which for the sake of clarity are not shown for all the valves to be actuated but only for the valves 4 and 6.
  • an air line 55 with a valve 56 into which an air heater 57 is switched on, opens into the fiber material chamber 28 at the top of the container 1.
  • a ventilation valve 58 and an outlet line 60 with a valve 61 are connected to the treatment container 1 in the area of the fiber material chamber 28.
  • the treatment liquid (dye liquor) is filled into the storage container 2.
  • the treatment container 1 is fed through the closure 12 with the fiber material 29 to be dyed.
  • the vacuum pump 36 is operated, only the valve 41 being opened as shown and the changeover valve 45 and the four-way valve 39 taking up the positions shown.
  • the treatment container 1 is placed under vacuum.
  • the tank pressure reduced to 0.2 bar (80% vacuum).
  • the valve 56 is opened so that air flows into the fiber material chamber 28 and is sucked through the fiber material 29 by the vacuum pump 36, which continues to maintain a vacuum in the container 1.
  • the action of vacuum and the flow of air result in an advantageous structural preparation of the fiber material 29, which in the process releases any moisture present therein. This structure preparation is carried out, for example, over a period of 2 to 5 minutes.
  • the air heater 57 is operated so that the fiber material is preheated.
  • the extent of the preheating depends on the vacuum prevailing in the container 1 and on the temperature of the treatment liquid in the storage container. In the case of cold treatment liquid, preheating of the fiber material 29 can be dispensed with entirely.
  • the temperature of the treatment liquid can be brought to a desired value by means of the heat exchanger 5 '.
  • the treatment liquid can also be heated by introducing steam via line 5.
  • the overflow valve 4 is opened, whereupon the treatment liquid flows into the container 1.
  • the container 1 quickly fills with treatment liquid which immediately penetrates into the fiber material 29. Possibly.
  • the fiber material 29 can already be rotated in the container by means of the drive device 21. Insofar as the treatment liquid entering the container 1 undergoes evaporation due to its temperature and the vacuum prevailing in the container, no vapor condenses in the fiber material 29 because, as stated above, this has been preheated or heated to the required extent.
  • the vacuum pump 36 is switched off and the changeover valve 45 is actuated, so that the lines 44 and 47 are connected to one another and the system is closed.
  • the treatment container 1 is placed under a slight excess pressure of, for example, 1.2 bar, whereupon the overflow valve 4 is closed.
  • the treatment liquid acts on the fiber material 29, which is set in rotation by means of the drive device 21.
  • the vacuum pump 36 is put into operation again after the opening of both valves 41 and 43, and the four-way valve 39 is moved back and forth so that the two chambers 27 and 28 connect in opposite directions and alternately to the suction side and the pressure side of the vacuum pump 36 come.
  • This treatment phase is carried out, for example, for 3 minutes, whereupon the vacuum pump 36 is switched off, the valves 41 and 43 are closed and the valves 4 and 31 are opened so that the treatment liquid can be returned to the storage tank 2. This is effected when the compressed air valve 10 is closed and the ventilation valve 11 is open by introducing compressed air via line 55.
  • a rinsing phase in which, when the valves 33 and 58 are open, rinsing water is filled in through the line 32 until the container 1 is approximately half filled with rinsing water.
  • the changeover valve 45 is returned to the position shown, the valve 41 is opened and the vacuum pump 36 is started again.
  • the carrier 13 with the fiber material 29 is also rotated further during the rinsing, so that the fiber material with its sections arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction is alternately rinsed and dewatered.
  • the rinsing water is then discharged through the drain lines 34 and 60 with the valves 35 and 61 open. This rinsing process can be carried out several times if necessary.
  • the fiber material 29 is dried in the treatment container 1. This drying is carried out in two stages.
  • the first stage is dewatering, in which air is passed through the fiber material 29. This is done by means of the vacuum pump 36, the four-way valve 39 and the changeover valve 45 are again in the position shown and the valves 41 and 56 are open, so that air can flow into the container through the line 55.
  • the vacuum pump serves to flow air through the fiber material without a significant vacuum being created in the container 1.
  • the air heater 57 is operated so that heat is given off to the fiber material 29.
  • the valve 56 is closed and a strong vacuum is generated in the container 1 by means of the vacuum pump 36, in which the moisture still present in the fiber material 29 evaporates and is supplied to the condenser 37. In this way, drying can also be carried out comparatively quickly within a short time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse textile ou d'une matière similaire par un liquide, plus particulièrement de teinture de fils, de matière en bourre ou d'articles textiles en pièces, dans lequel la matière fibreuse est chargée dans un récipient, le récipient est évacué en sec, le liquide de traitement est admis dans le récipient, le liquide de traitement est fait agir sur la matière fibreuse pendant une certaine durée de temps, le liquid de traitement est évacué hors le récipient, et la matière fibreuse est séchée dans le récipient, si nécessaire, après avoir été rincée au préalable, la matière fibreuse, avant l'admission du liquide de traitement dans le récipient, étant préchauffée à une température supérieure à celle du liquide de traitement, caractérisé en ce que, en sccord avec le vide existant dans le récipient évacué, la matière fibreuse est préchauffée à une température à laquelle de la vapeur qui se forme au moment de l'admission du liquide de traitement dans le récipient évacué, ne peut se condenser sur la matière fibreuse.
2. Le procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière fibreuse est préchauffée au moyen d'un courant d'air chaud qui traverse le récipient.
3. Un procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse textile ou d'une matière similaire par un liquide, plus particulièrement de teinture de fils, de matière en bourre ou d'articles textiles en pièces, dans lequel la matière fibreuse est chargée dans un récipient, le récipient est évacué en sec, le liquide de traitement est admis dans le récipient, le liquide de traitement est fait agir sur la matière fibreuse pendant une certaine durée de temps, le liquide de traitement est évacué hors le récipient, et la matière fibreuse est séchée dans le récipient, si nécessaire, après avoir été rincée au préalable, caractérisé en ce que le liquide de traitement est admis dans le récipient évacué à une température inférieure à la température de vaporisation qui correspond au vide existant dan s le récipient évacué, de manière que, au moment de l'admission du liquide de traitement dans le récipient évacué, il n'y aura pas de vaporisation.
4. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le liquide de traitement, après avoir été admis dans le récipient, est chauffé.
5. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, après l'admission du liquide de traitement dans le récipient, ce dernier est mis à la pression atmosphèri- que ou à une légère surpression, cette pression étant maintenue aussi longtemps que le liquide de traitement agit sur la matière fibreuse.
6. Le procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que, pendant que le liquide de traitement agit sur la matière fibreuse, un mouvement pulsé lui est appliqué.
7. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel, après évacuation du liquide de traitement du récipient, on fait d'abord passer un courant d'air et/ou de vapeur à travers la matière fibreuse qui est ainsi préséchée à une humidité rèsiduelle, et on effectue ensuite son séchage final à l'humidité finale en lui appliquant un vide et, en même temps, de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce que, pendant le séchage final, l'humidité résiduelle est éliminée par voie de vaporisation grâce à une diminution correspondante de la pression dans le récipient, la chaleur de vaporisation n'étant pas fournie par une caloporteur, tel que l'air, qui, à la fois, sert à absorber et à évacuer de l'humidité.
8. Le procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que, au cours du séchage final, de la chaleur est appliquée à la matière fibreuse par radiation.
9. Le procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que, au cours du séchage final, de l'énergie radio-électrique est fournie pour chauffer la matière fibreuse.
10. Le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que de l'humidité venant de la matière fibreuse est vaporisée par une diminution de pression et, alternativement, la matière fibreuse avec l'humidité qu'elle contient encore est chauffée en faisant passer de l'air chaud.
EP83108288A 1982-08-25 1983-08-23 Procédé de traitement d'une matière textile par un liquide Expired EP0104429B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108288T ATE24214T1 (de) 1982-08-25 1983-08-23 Verfahren zur fluessigkeitsbehandlung von textilem fasermaterial.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3231578 1982-08-25
DE3231578 1982-08-25
DE3245013 1982-12-06
DE19823245013 DE3245013A1 (de) 1982-12-06 1982-12-06 Verfahren zum trocknen von fasermaterial

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104429A1 EP0104429A1 (fr) 1984-04-04
EP0104429B1 true EP0104429B1 (fr) 1986-12-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83108288A Expired EP0104429B1 (fr) 1982-08-25 1983-08-23 Procédé de traitement d'une matière textile par un liquide

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0104429B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3368298D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2746819B1 (fr) * 1996-03-26 1998-05-07 Ics International Autoclave de teinture sur ensouple
IT1303257B1 (it) * 1998-10-28 2000-11-06 Lucio Corbellini Apparecchio per il trattamento di materiale tessile, in particolareper la tintura preferibilmente su subbio.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1067236A (fr) * 1952-11-28 1954-06-14 Procédé de teinture ou autre traitement humide et appareillage pour sa mise en oeuvre
DE2417555A1 (de) * 1973-04-11 1974-10-31 Karrer System Ag Zollikon Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fluessigkeitsbehandlung und/oder trocknung von faserstoff
GB1488862A (en) * 1975-01-15 1977-10-12 Ici Ltd Process for dyeing cellulose textile materials of a densely packed or tightly woven nature
WO1981000266A1 (fr) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-05 Karrer System Ag Procede et installation pour le traitement au moyen de liquides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3368298D1 (en) 1987-01-22
EP0104429A1 (fr) 1984-04-04

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