EP0098858A4 - Stromeinführungsleitung, insbesondere für vakuumtechnische geräte und verfahren zu deren herstellung. - Google Patents
Stromeinführungsleitung, insbesondere für vakuumtechnische geräte und verfahren zu deren herstellung.Info
- Publication number
- EP0098858A4 EP0098858A4 EP19830900433 EP83900433A EP0098858A4 EP 0098858 A4 EP0098858 A4 EP 0098858A4 EP 19830900433 EP19830900433 EP 19830900433 EP 83900433 A EP83900433 A EP 83900433A EP 0098858 A4 EP0098858 A4 EP 0098858A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- rhenium
- supply conductor
- molybdenum
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
- H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/32—Sealing leading-in conductors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12528—Semiconductor component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12597—Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12812—Diverse refractory group metal-base components: alternative to or next to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a current introduction line, in particular for vacuum technology devices, for example for electrical light sources, which
- Power introduction line is used to carry the electrical current through glassy material, furthermore ensures a hermetic seal with the glassy material, the base metal of the current introduction line being molybdenum, its entire surface, or that part of this surface which contains the area to be welded, with an intermediate metal coating
- the invention further relates to a method for producing the proposed Stromein introduction line.
- the power lead through the glassy material is generally connected to a component made of any metal and this connection should have good electrical and mechanical properties.
- the welding connection and in particular the resistance welding is used most frequently for electrical light sources. Good weldability is therefore a requirement.
- Another requirement is that the power entry line with the glassy material ensures a hermetic seal. Vacuum devices are very common
- the electric current is used, for example, for the high-pressure discharge lamp burners or the quartz glass Manufactured bulbs of halogen bulbs fed through thin foils of molybdenum.
- Molybdenum wires are also often used in the case of light sources with bulbs made of tempered glass or of electron tubes.
- the difficult-to-weld molybdenum is provided with an intermediate metal coating, or when welding, a separate intermediate metal element, e.g. B. plate or wire, the material of the intermediate metal is selected such that the bond produced is of appropriate strength and toughness and these properties are retained even at the higher operating temperatures of the devices.
- the separation intermediate metal means, of course, that an additional element should be added and arranged in position during the welding process, which makes the process understandably more complicated.
- the molybdenum, as base metal - at least on the surface to be welded - with an intermediate in advance metal coating is provided.
- the previous coating of molybdenum foils can be carried out in such a way that a coating consisting of circuit board alloy is applied to the foil and this is decomposed by heat treatment.
- the FRG published patent application DE-OS 3104 043 describes a method according to which the coating of the molybdenum foils is produced in the form of an intermediate metal layer by vacuum evaporation or atomization.
- This application mentions platinum, tantalum, gold and rhenium as such metal, in which the process can in principle be used.
- the thickness of the layer is given between the values of 20 and 10000 nm. Another indication of the use of rhenium as an intermediate metal - both separately and in the form of a coating - is unknown.
- the most important requirement against the intermediate metal is - moreover, that it should make the welding process easier - that the glass material can be hermetically sealed. Considering that the deposition of the intermediate metal can only be profitable in a continuous process, this coating will be present in an uninterrupted layer along the length of the power lead.
- the cover is therefore only reliable for executing a hermetically sealed bond if the glassy material, in the molten or plastic state, is capable of moistening the material of the cover.
- the noble metals such as the platinum and the gold, do not meet this requirement and, according to the experience of the applicant, occurs when the intermediate metal is coated with noble metal Current conductors often ensure that the binding is not vacuum-tight or that the device loses vacuum tightness during storage or commissioning.
- the object of the invention is to develop a coating formed as an intermediate metal, which ensures the particularly good weldability and at the same time with the glass-like
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the use of the rhenium layer as a coating of the molybdenum base metal has significant advantages over the other intermediate metal materials used hitherto and have not hitherto been recognized, advantages which enable the object to be achieved.
- the invention is a current introduction line, in particular for vacuum-technical apparatus, such as for electrical light sources, which current introduction line serves to carry the current through glassy medium, furthermore ensures a hermetic seal with the glassy material, and the base metal of the current introduction line is molybdenum, the entire surface of which, or the portion of its surface which contains the area to be welded is coated by an intermediate metal layer, the intermediate metal layer being designed as a rhenium layer.
- the thickness of the rhenium layer is not a critical factor in achieving the goal and is one
- the thickness of the rhenium layer is not a critical factor (although it can be controlled with electrodeposition). If the molybdenum base metal is of sheet form and it becomes necessary to coat only the side to be welded with rhenium, the side of the surface of the base material immersed in the electrolyte becomes opposite the side which contains the area to be welded is not coated with rhenium, via supports made of insulating material or covered with insulating material, expediently sent through the cylinder surface.
- the covering of the molybdenum foil used for the quartz incandescent lamps of the mercury lamps as the base metal of the power lead is described with a rhenium layer.
- the film is 8.5 mm wide and 25 ⁇ m thick; their edges were - in a way known to themselves - by electrolytic
- the knife-like cut reduces the thickness.
- the film emerging from the thickness reduction system passes through a metal roller, then the lower lateral surface of a made of insulating material, or with insulating material, such as a rubber-coated rotary roller with a diameter of 100 mm.
- the roller dips about 35 mm deep into the electrolyte, which contains 10 g KReO 4 and 4 g concentrated H 2 SO 4 dissolved in 1 liter water.
- the counter electrode is made of platinum, to which the positive terminal of the power source is connected, the negative one to the metal roller, which passed the foil before being immersed in the electrolyte.
- the speed of the forward transport of the film is chosen so that the length
- Electrolyte is about 30 seconds. The electrolytic reaction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU25482 | 1982-01-28 | ||
| HU82254A HU185198B (en) | 1982-01-28 | 1982-01-28 | Current inlet particularly for vacuumtechnical devices |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0098858A1 EP0098858A1 (de) | 1984-01-25 |
| EP0098858A4 true EP0098858A4 (de) | 1984-07-03 |
| EP0098858B1 EP0098858B1 (de) | 1988-05-18 |
Family
ID=10948752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83900433A Expired EP0098858B1 (de) | 1982-01-28 | 1983-01-27 | Stromeinführungsleitung, insbesondere für vakuumtechnische geräte und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4559278A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0098858B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPS59500070A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT379711B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3376709D1 (de) |
| HU (1) | HU185198B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1983002684A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0410511A1 (de) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-01-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Elektrische Lampe |
| AT401124B (de) | 1994-07-05 | 1996-06-25 | Plansee Ag | Elektrischer leiter in lampen |
| JP3480364B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-23 | 2003-12-15 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | ショートアーク型放電ランプ |
| US6815888B2 (en) | 2001-02-14 | 2004-11-09 | Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. | Halogen lamps, fill material and methods of dosing halogen lamps |
| DE10218412A1 (de) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-06 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Einschmelzfolie und zugehörige Lampe mit dieser Folie |
| EP1797580A2 (de) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-06-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Elektrische lampe |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4011480A (en) * | 1974-11-14 | 1977-03-08 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Electric discharge lamp |
| DE3104043A1 (de) * | 1980-09-09 | 1982-05-27 | Egyesült Izzólámpa és Villamossági Részvénytársaság, 1340 Budapest | Verfahren zum loeten bzw. zum schweissen von aus schwer verbindbaren metallen hergestellten bestandteilen, insb. zum schweissen von in der lichtquellenindustrie angewendeten molybdaenfolie-stromzuleitern und wolframelektroden |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE615689C (de) * | 1928-07-10 | 1935-07-09 | Wilhelm Koosmann Dr | Gluehdraht fuer elektrische Gluehlampen, Elektronenroehren, Roentgenroehren und andere elektrische Vakuumapparate |
| DE537936C (de) * | 1930-07-09 | 1931-11-09 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rheniumueberzuegen auf aus schwer schmelzbarem Metall bestehenden Draehten oder anderen Metallformkoerpern |
| GB477462A (en) * | 1936-06-30 | 1937-12-30 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to metallic electric conductors sealed through quartz |
| US2859562A (en) * | 1954-10-15 | 1958-11-11 | Philips Corp | Metal glass seals and methods of making same |
| BE663373A (de) * | 1964-05-04 | |||
| GB1064058A (en) * | 1964-10-22 | 1967-04-05 | United Aircraft Corp | Improvements in and relating to high-temperature bonding alloys |
| FR2047060B1 (de) * | 1969-06-23 | 1973-01-12 | Egyesuelt Izzolampa | |
| GB1352319A (en) * | 1970-03-20 | 1974-05-08 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Cladding of metals |
| JPS4818055U (de) * | 1971-07-09 | 1973-03-01 | ||
| GB1415957A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1975-12-03 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Low pressure mercury vapour fluorescent electric discharge almps |
| NL174103C (nl) * | 1975-09-29 | 1984-04-16 | Philips Nv | Elektrische ontladingslamp. |
| SU702427A1 (ru) * | 1978-08-01 | 1979-12-05 | Институт Металлургии Им. А.А.Байкова Ан Ссср | Электродный узел электровакуумного прибора |
| US4277716A (en) * | 1979-10-09 | 1981-07-07 | Banks Jr Neill K | Glass-to-metal seal construction |
-
1982
- 1982-01-28 HU HU82254A patent/HU185198B/hu unknown
-
1983
- 1983-01-11 AT AT0007883A patent/AT379711B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-27 WO PCT/HU1983/000002 patent/WO1983002684A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1983-01-27 EP EP83900433A patent/EP0098858B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-01-27 DE DE8383900433T patent/DE3376709D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-01-27 US US06/541,337 patent/US4559278A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-01-27 JP JP83500482A patent/JPS59500070A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4011480A (en) * | 1974-11-14 | 1977-03-08 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Electric discharge lamp |
| DE3104043A1 (de) * | 1980-09-09 | 1982-05-27 | Egyesült Izzólámpa és Villamossági Részvénytársaság, 1340 Budapest | Verfahren zum loeten bzw. zum schweissen von aus schwer verbindbaren metallen hergestellten bestandteilen, insb. zum schweissen von in der lichtquellenindustrie angewendeten molybdaenfolie-stromzuleitern und wolframelektroden |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO8302684A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1983002684A1 (fr) | 1983-08-04 |
| HU185198B (en) | 1984-12-28 |
| JPS59500070A (ja) | 1984-01-12 |
| DE3376709D1 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
| AT379711B (de) | 1986-02-25 |
| EP0098858B1 (de) | 1988-05-18 |
| ATA7883A (de) | 1985-06-15 |
| US4559278A (en) | 1985-12-17 |
| EP0098858A1 (de) | 1984-01-25 |
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