EP0096281A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Viskositätsindex und deren Verwendung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Viskositätsindex und deren Verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- EP0096281A2 EP0096281A2 EP83105092A EP83105092A EP0096281A2 EP 0096281 A2 EP0096281 A2 EP 0096281A2 EP 83105092 A EP83105092 A EP 83105092A EP 83105092 A EP83105092 A EP 83105092A EP 0096281 A2 EP0096281 A2 EP 0096281A2
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- molecular weight
- radical
- phenylene
- acid
- flame
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen
- C10M105/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/50—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen
- C10M105/54—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing halogen containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/74—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing phosphorus
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- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/18—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/22—Polyesters
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- C10M151/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M151/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/102—Polyesters
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- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/003—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
- C10M2211/0225—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic used as base material
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- C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
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- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/024—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic
- C10M2211/0245—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aromatic used as base material
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- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
- C10M2211/0406—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen used as base material
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- C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
- C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
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- C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
- C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10M2211/0425—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones used as base material
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- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
- C10M2211/044—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
- C10M2211/0445—Acids; Salts or esters thereof used as base material
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- C10M2221/041—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds involving sulfurisation of macromolecular compounds, e.g. polyolefins
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- C10M2221/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C10M2223/0495—Phosphite used as base material
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
- C10M2223/103—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin used as base material
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing flame-retardant liquids with a high viscosity index and their use as hydraulic fluids and / or as heat transfer fluids.
- Phosphate esters or polychlorinated aromatics which can be used for HSD hydraulic oils, do not pose any corrosion problems because they are water-free and do not cause high wear at highly stressed friction points.
- the widespread use of these two product classes is mainly hampered by their extraordinarily poor viscosity-temperature behavior.
- viscosities of the thermally unstable triaryl phosphates and low-chlorinated aromatics are too low for the above-mentioned uses.
- Known viscosity index improvers such as Polymethacrylates and polyolefin copolymers are known as thickening substances that also raise the viscosity index of this liquid sufficiently, but they lose considerably their effectiveness at high shear rates at lubrication points.
- the object of the invention is therefore that special polymers are added to the synthetic base oil that have a favorable influence on their viscosity properties without appreciably impairing the flame resistance and shear stability and are well compatible with the base oil.
- the weight-average molecular weight, M is determined here using the laser small-angle light scattering method.
- the synthetic base oil is mixed with the higher molecular weight polyester.
- This can be prepared by a polycondensation reaction from an aromatic or (cyclo) aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or a suitable aromatic or (cyclo) aliphatic dicarboxylic acid derivative and a polytetramethylene glycol according to known processes (WK Witsiepe, Advan. Chem. Ser; 1973, 129, 39 - 60).
- High molecular weight polyesters are used to produce the liquids according to the invention. These are derivatives based on aromatic dicarboxylic acids, e.g. Phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid 1,4, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid 1,5, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid 3,4, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid 2,2 ', diphenyl dicarboxylic acid 4,4', benzophenone dicarboxylic acid 3,4, benzophenone dicarboxylic acid 2,2 ', benzophenone dicarboxylic acid 2,2', benzophenone dicarboxylic acid 4,4 ', diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid 3,4, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid 2,2', diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid 4,4 ', diphenyl sulfide dicarboxylic acid 3,4, dipheny
- reactive derivatives of these acids for example Carboxylic anhydrides, carboxylic acid halides, esters of low molecular weight monoalcohols or monophenols, acylimidazoles etc. are used.
- Derivatives based on aliphatic dicarboxylic acids e.g. Succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids, e.g.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids or hydrogenated dimer fatty acids are preferred, particularly preferably phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and hydrogenated dimer fatty acids. Terephthalic acid is very particularly preferred. Of the derivatives based on dicarboxylic acids, the dimethyl esters are preferably used.
- the liquids according to the invention can furthermore contain customary additional additives, for example antioxidants (for example 2,6 di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,2 'methylene-bis- (4-methyl) -6-tert-butylphenol etc.) , Stabilizers (e.g. carbodiimides), antiwear additives (e.g. zinc alkyldithiophosphates), foam-suppressing additives, corrosion inhibitors.
- antioxidants for example 2,6 di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 2,2 'methylene-bis- (4-methyl) -6-tert-butylphenol etc.
- Stabilizers
- Diols for example commercially available polytetramethylene glycols such as “Polymeg” ® (Quaker Oats) or Teracol® (DuPont), are used as alcohol components to produce the polyester products according to the invention.
- polytetramethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 360-10,000 (calculated from the hydroxyl number), preferably from 650-5,000 and particularly preferably from 860-3,600, are selected.
- catalyst depends on the dicarboxylic acid derivative used. Lower alkyltitanic acid esters, bis (lower alkyl) tin oxides or tin (II) salts of aliphatic C 2 -C 20 monocarboxylic acids are preferably used as the catalyst.
- the molar ratio of dicarboxylic acid derivatives to alcohol component is generally 1: 1.
- Suitable synthetic base oils are: aromatic phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate, dicresyl monophenyl phosphate, monocresyl diphenyl phosphate and other phosphate esters of monophenols. Chlorinated aromatic compounds such as trichlorobiphenyl, tetrachlorobiphenyl, pentachlorobiphenyl, trichlorodiphenyl ether, tetrachlorodiphenyl ether, pentachlorodiphenyl ether, etc. can also be used as base oils.
- aromatic phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate, dicresyl monophenyl phosphate, monocresyl diphenyl phosphate and other phosphate esters of monophenols.
- Chlorinated aromatic compounds such as trichlorobiphenyl, tetrachlorobiphenyl, pentachlorobiphenyl, trichlorodiphenyl ether
- the flame-retardant liquids according to the invention consisting of a base oil and a higher molecular weight polyester, can generally be used as lubricants, lubricant additives. They can also be used as hydraulic fluids.
- 7710 g of a polytetramethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 1000 (Polymeg®1000), 1500.g of dimethyl terephthalate and 2.6 g of tetra-n-butyl titanate under nitrogen at 190 ° C. for 2 hours are placed in an oil-heated, stirred 20-1 autoclave (150 rpm. Stirrer rotation speed). The temperature is then raised to 200 ° C for 1 hour. The pressure (normal pressure) is then slowly reduced to about 1 mbar over the course of 90 minutes, and at the same time the stirrer speed is reduced to 50 rpm. degraded. After wei - direct 30 minutes running time at 1 mbar, the reaction is stopped, and after venting the reaction product is drained.. Colorless, very viscous, transparent mass. M w (light scattering): 79,000.
- Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, 9115 g of a polytetramethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 2000 (Polymeg2000), 885 g of dimethyl terephthalate and 2.8 g of tetra-n-butyl titanate are polycondensed. Colorless, very highly viscous, transparent mass, which solidifies colorless when standing at room temperature for a long time.
- Table 1 clearly shows the superior thickening effect and the viscosity index-increasing effect.
- Table 2 shows the results of shear tests based on DIN 51 382. The good shear strength of the liquids according to the invention can be seen from this.
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Abstract
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Viskositätsindex und deren Verwendung als Hydraulikflüssigkeiten und/oder als Wärmeträgerflüssigkeiten.
- Folgende Arten von schwerentflammbaren Hydraulikflüssigkeiten sind bekannt und werden in dem 5. Luxemburger Bericht über die Anforderungen und Prüfung schwerentflamnbarer Flüssigkeiten zur hydraulischen Kraftübertragung und Steuerung (1974) definiert:
- HSA: Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen mit einem brennbaren Anteil von höchstens 20 %. Betriebstemp. von +5 bis +55°C.
- HSB: Wasser-in-öl-Emulsionen mit einem brennbaren Anteil von höchstens 60 %. Betriebstemp. von +5 bis +60°C.
- HSC: Wäßrige Polymerlösungen mit mindestens 35 % Wasser. Betriebstemp. von -20 bis +60°C.
- HSD: Wasserfreie Flüssigkeiten. Betriebstemp. von -20 bis +150°C.
- Die Typen HSA, HSB und HSC enthalten unterschiedliche Mengen Wasser. Dies kann Probleme in Bezug auf ausreichenden Korrosionsschutz ergeben. Weiterhin können mit diesen Hydraulikflüssigkeiten betriebene Systeme an hochbelasteten Reibstellen einem erhöhten Verschleiß ausgesetzt sein. Daneben besteht die Gefahr einer Kontamination mit Mikroorganismen, wodurch die Produkteigenschaften schlechter werden können (Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, Band 13, S. 92 - 94, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, New York, 4. Auflage, 1977).
- Phosphatester oder polychlorierte Aromaten, die für HSD-Hydrauliköle eingesetzt werden können,stellen keine Korrosionsprobleme, da sie wasserfrei sind,und bewirken keinem hohen Verschleiß an hochbelasteten Reibstellen. Einer breiten Anwendung dieser beiden Produktklassen steht jedoch hauptsächlich deren außerordentlich schlechtes Viskositäts-Temperatur-Verhalten entgegen.
- Weiterhin sind die Viskositäten der thermisch wenig belastbaren Triarylphosphate und niedrig chlorierten Aromaten für die oben genannten Verwendungszwecke zu niedrig. Bekannte Viskositätsindexverbesserer wie z.B. Polymethacrylate und Polyolefincopolymere sind zwar als verdickend wirkende Substanzen bekannt, die auch den Viskositätsindex dieser Flüssigkeit ausreichend anheben, sie verlieren aber bei hohen Schergefällen an Schmierstellen beträchtlich an Wirksamkeit.
- Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht daher darin, daß spezielle Polymere dem synthetischen Basisöl zugesetzt werden, die deren Viskositätseigenschaften günstig beeinflussen, ohne die Flammfestigkeit und Scherstabilität nennenswert zu beeinträchtigen und mit dem Basisöl gut verträglich sind.
- Von den marktgängigen Verbindungen,die die Viskosität von Schmierölen günstig beeinflussen, kommen nur polare Verbindungen, beispielsweise Polymethacrylate in Frage. Um die gewünschten Verbesserungen der Viskositätseigenschaften zu erzielen, müßten höher molekulare Polymethacrylate verwendet werden. Dies kann die Scherstabilität ungünstig beeinflussen. Niedermolekulare Polymethacrylate beeinflussen zwar die Scherstabilität weniger, eignen sich dafür aber bei niedriger Dosierung weniger gut zur Verbesserung der Viskositätseigenschaften.
- Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Mischungen aus einem hochflammfesten Basisöl und einem höhermolekularen Polyester Viskositäts- und Schereigenschaften aufweisen, die den oben genannten Erfordernissen genügen.
- Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Viskositätsindex, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß 96 - 99.9 Gew.-% eines hochflammfesten Basisöls, das aromatische Strukturen enthält und 0.1 - 4 Gew.-% eines höher molekularen Polyesters der Formel I
- Y einen C2-C40 Alkylenrest, einen Cycloalkylenrest mit 5 bis 40 C-Atomen, der aus miteinander verknüpften Cyclopentyl- und/oder Cyclohexylresten besteht, einen 1,2-Phenylen-, 1,3-Phenylen-, 1,4-Phenylenrest oder einen Rest der Formel
- n eine ganze Zahl von 5 bis 140 bedeutet und
- x für eine solche Zahl steht, daß das gewichtsgemittelte Molekulargewicht einen Wert von 20.000 bis 300.000 ergibt,
- Bevorzugt sind höhermolekulare Polyester, in denen Y für Phenylenreste oder Cycloalkylengruppen und n für eine Zahl von 9-70 steht und mit einer solchen Zahl x, daß das gewichtsgemittelte Molekulargewicht des Polymeren einen Wert zwischen 30.000 und 200.000 annimmt.
- Besonders bevorzugt sind höhermolekulare Polyester mit Y = 1,4-Phenylen, mit n = 12-50 und mit einer solchen Zahl x, daß das gewichtsgemittelte Molekulargewicht des Polymeren einen Wert von 40.000 bis 150.000 annimmt.
- Das gewichtsgemittelte Molekulargewicht, M , wird hierbei mit dem Laserkleinwinkellichtstreuungs-Verfahren bestimmt.
- Diese neuen Polyester wirken ausreichend verdickend, sind bei hohen Schergefällen stabil und erhöhen die Schmierfilmtragfähigkeiten.
- Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten vermischt man das synthetische Basisöl mit dem höhermolekularen Polyester. Dieser kann durch eine Polykondensationsreaktion aus einer aromatischen bzw. (cyclo)aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure bzw. einem geeigneten aromatischen bzw. (cyclo)aliphatischen Dicarbonsäurederivat und einem Polytetramethylenglykol nach bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden (W.K. Witsiepe, Advan. Chem. Ser; 1973, 129, 39 - 60).
- Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigkeiten werden höhermolekulare Polyester verwendet. Diese sind Derivate auf der Basis von aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren, z.B. Phthalsäure, Isophthalsäure, Terephthalsäure, Naphthalsäure, Naphthalindicarbonsäure-1,4, Naphthalindicarbonsäure-1,5, Diphenyl-dicarbonsäure-3,4, Diphenyl-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Diphenyl-dicarbonsäure-4,4', Benzophenon-dicarbonsäure-3,4, Benzophenon-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Benzophenon-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Benzophenon-dicarbonsäure-4,4', Diphenylether-dicarbonsäure-3,4, Diphenylether-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Diphenylether-dicarbonsäure-4,4', Diphenylsulfid-dicarbonsäure-3,4, Diphenylsulfid-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Diphenylsulfid-dicarbonsäure-4,4', Diphenylsulfon-dicarhonsäure-3,4, Diphenylsulfon-dicarbonsäure-2,2', Diphenylsulfon-dicarbonsäure-4,4' usw. Weiterhin werden reaktionsfähige Derivate dieser Säuren, z.B. Carbonsäureanhydride, Carbonsäurehalogenide, Ester niedermolekularer Monoalkohole oder Monophenole, Acylimidazole usw. verwendet. Auch werden Derivate auf der Basis von aliphatischen Dicarbonsäuren, z.B. Bernsteinsäure, Alkylbernsteinsäuren, Glutarsäure, Adipinsäure, Pimelinsäure, Korksäure, Azelainsäure, Sebacinsäure, Dodecandisäure, Brassylsäure, cycloaliphatische Dicarbonsäuren, z.B. Cyclohexan-1,2-dicarbonsäure bzw. deren Anhydrid, Cyclohexan-1,3-dicarbonsäure, Cyclohexan-1,4-dicarbonsäure, hydrierte. Dimerfettsäuren usw. verwendet.
- Bevorzugt sind aromatische Dicarbonsäuren oder hydrierte Dimerfettsäuren, besonders bevorzugt Phthalsäure, Isophthalsäure, Terephthalsäure und hydrierte Dimerfettsäuren. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist Terephthalsäure. Von den Derivaten auf Basis von Dicarbonsäuren werden vorzugsweise die Dimethylester verwendet. Weiterhin können die erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigkeiten übliche weitere Zusätze enthalten, beispielsweise Antioxidantien (z.B. 2,6 Di-tert.-butyl-p-kresol, 2,2' Methylen-bis-(4-methyl)-6-tert.butylphenol usw.), Stabilisatoren (z.B. Carbodiimide), Antiwear-Additive (z.B. Zink-Alkyldithiophosphate), schaumdämpfende Additive, Korrosionsinhibitoren.
- Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Polyesterprodukte werden als Alkoholkomponente Diole verwendet,beispielsweise handelsübliche Polytetramethylenglykole wie "Polymeg"® (Quaker Oats) oder Teracol® (DuPont).
- Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen höhermolekularen Polyester wählt man Polytetramethylenglykole mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 360-10.000 (berechnet aus der Hydroxylzahl), bevorzugt von 650-5.000 und besonders bevorzugt von 860-3.600.
- Die Katalysatorwahl hängt vom eingesetzten Dicarbonsäurederivat ab. Vorzugsweise werden Niedrigalkyltitansäureester, Bis(niedrigalkyl)zinnoxide oder Zinn(II)-salze von aliphatischen C2-C20-Monocarbonsäuren als Katalysator verwendet..
- Das Molverhältnis Dicarbonsäurederivate zu Alkoholkomponente beträgt im allgemeinen 1:1.
- Als synthetische Basisöle kommen beispielsweise in Frage: aromatische Phosphate wie Trikresylphosphat, Dikresylmonophenylphosphat, Monokresyldiphenyl-phosphat und andere Phosphatester von Monophenolen. Weiterhin können chlorierte aromatische Verbindungen wie Trichlor-biphenyl, Tetrachlor-biphenyl, Pentachlor-biphenyl, Trichlor-diphenylether, Tetrachlordiphenylether, Pentachlor-diphenylether usw. als Basisöle verwendet werden.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten, bestehend aus einem Basisöl und einem höhermolekularen Polyester können als Schmiermittel, Schmiermittelzusätze allgemein verwendet werden. Weiterhin können sie als Hydraulikflüssigkeiten eingesetzt werden.
- In einem ölbeheizten gerührten 20-1-Autoklaven werden 7710 g eines Polytetramethylenglykols mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 1000 (Polymeg®1000), 1500.g Dimethylterephthalat und 2,6 g Tetra-n-butyl-titanat unter Stickstoff bei 190°C 2 Stunden (150 U/min. Rührerumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit) gerührt. Danach wird die Temperatur für 1 Stunde auf 200°C erhöht. Im Verlauf von 90 Min. wird anschließend der Druck (Normaldruck) bis auf etwa 1 mbar langsam gesenkt und gleichzeitig die Rührerdrehzahl auf 50 U/min. erniedrigt. Nach wei- teren 30 Min. Laufzeit bei 1 mbar wird die Umsetzung beendet,und nach dem Belüften wird das Umsetzungsprodukt abgelassen. Farblose, sehr hcchviskose, transparente Masse.
M w (Lichtstreuung): 79.000. - Analog dem Beispiel 1 werden 9115 g eines Polytetramethylenglykols mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 2000 (Polymeg2000), 885 g Dimethylterephthalat und 2,8 g Tetra-n-butyl-titanat polykondensiert. Farblose, sehr hochviskose, transparente Masse, die bei längerem Stehen bei Raumtemperatur farblos erstarrt.
- M (Lichtstreuung): 78.000
M n (ber. aus der Ausbeute des Destillats): 50.000. - 329 g einer handelsüblichen hydrierten Dimerfettsäure (Empol®1010 ; Unilever Emery), 1171 g eines Polytetramethylenglykols mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 2000 (Polymeg®2000), 3,3 g Tetra-n-butyl-titanat und 600 g Toluol werden vermischt und unter.Stickstoff bei Normaldruck 36 Stunden am Wasserabscheider unter Rückfluß gekocht (Säurezahl vor Umsetzung 37,4, nach Umsetzung 3,0 mg KOH/g). Das farblose, sehr hochviskose, transparente Produkt wird im Vakuum von Toluol befreit. M (Lichtstreuung): 34.700.
- In der folgenden Tabelle sind die Viskositäten einer erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit, die aus Polymeren nach Beispielen 1 oder 2 in Mischung mit Diphenyl-monckresylphosphat bzw. Trikresylphosphat besteht, angegeben:
- (DPKP = Diphenyl-kresyl-phosphat, TKP = Trikresylphosphat).
- Aus der Tabelle 1 geht klar die überlegene Aufdickwirkung und der Viskositätsindex-erhöhende Effekt hervor.
-
miteinander gemischt werden.
Claims (3)
miteinander gemischt werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE3221137 | 1982-06-04 | ||
DE19823221137 DE3221137A1 (de) | 1982-06-04 | 1982-06-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung von schwerentflammbaren fluessigkeiten mit hohem viskositaetsindex und deren verwendung |
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EP0096281A2 true EP0096281A2 (de) | 1983-12-21 |
EP0096281A3 EP0096281A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
EP0096281B1 EP0096281B1 (de) | 1987-07-29 |
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EP83105092A Expired EP0096281B1 (de) | 1982-06-04 | 1983-05-24 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwerentflammbaren Flüssigkeiten mit hohem Viskositätsindex und deren Verwendung |
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US (1) | US4490266A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0096281B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3221137A1 (de) |
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DE3752085D1 (de) * | 1986-12-19 | 1997-08-14 | Ciba Geigy Gmbh | Epoxidharze enthaltend Polyester auf Polyalkylenglykolbasis und bei höheren Temperaturen wirksame Härter |
US5066409A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1991-11-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Novel aryl ether sulfones |
US5128067A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1992-07-07 | Fmc Corporation | Fire resistant low temperature grease |
AU667010B2 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1996-02-29 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Refrigerator lubricant and refrigerant composition containing the same |
DE4435548A1 (de) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-11 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau Gmbh | Stabilisierte Schmierstoff-Grundsubstanz |
US5494595A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-02-27 | Huntsman Corporation | Oil soluble polyethers |
US5783528A (en) * | 1997-01-07 | 1998-07-21 | Diversey Lever, Inc. | Synthetic lubricant based on enhanced performance of synthetic ester fluids |
CN110088256B (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2022-04-29 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 聚酯作为飞机液压流体的粘度指数改进剂的用途 |
Citations (3)
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DE1071872B (de) * | 1957-04-30 | 1959-12-24 | Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen-Bayerwerk | Hydrauliköle |
FR2260615A1 (de) * | 1974-02-11 | 1975-09-05 | Stauffer Chemical Co | |
FR2381822A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-25 | 1978-09-22 | Kao Corp | Fluide hydraulique resistant au feu |
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US3867298A (en) * | 1971-02-19 | 1975-02-18 | Ethyl Corp | Lubricant |
US3935116A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1976-01-27 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Functional fluid compositions |
US3951837A (en) * | 1973-09-24 | 1976-04-20 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Functional fluid compositions |
-
1982
- 1982-06-04 DE DE19823221137 patent/DE3221137A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-05-24 EP EP83105092A patent/EP0096281B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-05-24 US US06/497,529 patent/US4490266A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-05-24 DE DE8383105092T patent/DE3372782D1/de not_active Expired
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE1071872B (de) * | 1957-04-30 | 1959-12-24 | Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen-Bayerwerk | Hydrauliköle |
FR2260615A1 (de) * | 1974-02-11 | 1975-09-05 | Stauffer Chemical Co | |
FR2381822A1 (fr) * | 1977-02-25 | 1978-09-22 | Kao Corp | Fluide hydraulique resistant au feu |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP0096281A3 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
DE3372782D1 (en) | 1987-09-03 |
EP0096281B1 (de) | 1987-07-29 |
US4490266A (en) | 1984-12-25 |
DE3221137A1 (de) | 1983-12-08 |
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