EP0081833A1 - Procédé pour le combustion de combustible liquide en état gazeux - Google Patents

Procédé pour le combustion de combustible liquide en état gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0081833A1
EP0081833A1 EP82111502A EP82111502A EP0081833A1 EP 0081833 A1 EP0081833 A1 EP 0081833A1 EP 82111502 A EP82111502 A EP 82111502A EP 82111502 A EP82111502 A EP 82111502A EP 0081833 A1 EP0081833 A1 EP 0081833A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
burner
pump
chamber
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82111502A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adolf Frick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stoechio-Matic AG
Original Assignee
Stoechio-Matic AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stoechio-Matic AG filed Critical Stoechio-Matic AG
Publication of EP0081833A1 publication Critical patent/EP0081833A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/001—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space spraying nozzle combined with forced draft fan in one unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/18—Cleaning or purging devices, e.g. filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the combustion of liquid fuel in the gaseous state, the liquid fuel evaporating in a gasification chamber and then the gasified fuel being burned after exiting the gasification chamber with the supply of air.
  • EPA-OS 0 036 128 describes a burner in which the fuel is evaporated with the exclusion of air. Evaporation takes place in a gasification chamber, a wiper driven by the motor being provided, which distributes the fuel and prevents deposits from forming on the walls, so that no harmful influence of deposits on the evaporation of the fuel occurs.
  • a pressurized fuel gas is generated in the gasification chamber, which exits through a nozzle and is burned mixed with air.
  • the air is conveyed by a fan.
  • An adjustable air damper is provided to regulate the air supply. In order to achieve optimal efficiency, the air supply should be in exact proportion to the fuel supply.
  • the known burner set the air flap to a certain burner output.
  • the disadvantage here is that no control of the burner output according to the heat requirement is provided during operation of the burner.
  • Another disadvantage is that when the viscosity of the fuel changes, more or less fuel is delivered and the burner is operated with a lack of oxygen or an excess of oxygen, the efficiency falling and the CO content of the flue gases possibly reaching impermissible values. This can cause safety and environmental problems.
  • Such problems also arise when the burner is switched off when the air supply stops but the flame continues to burn because gas under pressure continues to emerge from the gasification chamber.
  • an outlet valve is therefore provided in the gasification chamber, which is normally kept open by excess pressure in the interior of the gasification chamber.
  • a solenoid valve is used to release excess pressure in the gasification chamber when the burner is switched off.
  • the gasifier chamber is connected to the fuel return line via the solenoid valve, which also prevents gasified fuel from being lost. Rather, it condenses in the fuel return line.
  • these measures to prevent unburned gasified fuel from escaping after the burner has been switched off have the disadvantage that they often give rise to faults.
  • the pressure relief valve inside the carburetor chamber which is exposed to high temperatures, is particularly susceptible to faults, since it is slightly dirty and suffers from corrosion.
  • the device works relatively sluggishly, since it takes a relatively long time until the pressure in the gasification chamber is released. This is particularly the case because after the pump has been switched off, it remains on until When the drive motor stops, fuel is still pumping into the chamber, which evaporates even further. The flame therefore only goes out a few seconds after the burner is switched off.
  • this is achieved in the method mentioned at the outset by regulating the amount of air supplied as a function of the pressure in the gasification chamber.
  • This method has the advantage that the stoichiometric ratio between fuel and air is practically unaffected by factors such as temperature and viscosity of the fuel or change in the delivery rate of the fuel pump, namely over the entire control range of the burner output. Accordingly, the efficiency in the entire control range is high, and environmental problems caused by CO and soot are avoided.
  • the method according to the invention consciously accepts that, in contrast to the known release of the excess pressure, additional means for suctioning off, for example a pump, are necessary.
  • this effort which initially appears to be inevitable, has the advantage that the operational reliability of the burner is significantly increased, since the outlet valve in the hot gasification chamber, which is susceptible to faults, can be dispensed with.
  • This in turn has the advantage that there is no longer any danger that the flame burns due to a deficiency in an exhaust valve due to a lack of air. It is thus avoided that much carbon monoxide and R ow arises.
  • the suction is expediently carried out by means of a pump and / or a vacuum chamber.
  • a pump energy is required to drive the pump during the suction process
  • a vacuum chamber the energy for generating the vacuum in the vacuum chamber is required before the suction process.
  • the use of a vacuum chamber has the advantage that the suction process can take place very quickly, but the previous generation of the vacuum in the vacuum chamber can extend over a much longer period of time.
  • the pump is also used for sucking off the ver g asten fuel from the carburetor chamber for feeding of fuel during operation of the burner.
  • liquid fuel To accelerate the condensation of the gasified fuel, it is advantageously mixed with liquid fuel. This avoids complications that can arise from gas bubbles.
  • the desired mixing can take place in that when the burner is switched off, fuel flows from the pump into the channel, through which the gasified fuel is sucked out of the gasification chamber. This can be achieved with simple means.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the method.
  • This device is characterized in that means are provided to adjust the air flap of the burner according to the pressure in the gasification chamber. In this way, the stoichiometric ratio between combustion air and gas is maintained over the entire control range of the burner output.
  • the pressure in the gasification chamber drops so that the air flap closes and the boiler cools down as a result the chimney draft is prevented by the air flow flowing through the burner.
  • An actuator and a line which connects the actuator to the carburetor chamber are expediently provided as means for adjusting the air flap. This results in a very simple construction.
  • This device is characterized by a valve through which the pump and / or the vacuum chamber can be connected to the gasification chamber. This valve is advantageously a solenoid valve. This enables simple control of the valve by an electrical signal.
  • the vacuum chamber is expediently connected to the suction side of the pump during operation of the burner.
  • a vacuum is generated in the vacuum chamber, which is then available for suction when the burner is switched off.
  • a throttle is expediently provided in the fuel suction line. This ensures the formation of a sufficient negative pressure.
  • the vacuum chamber advantageously forms part of the pump. For example, it can be formed in the pump housing. This results in a particularly simple and cheap construction.
  • the valve is expediently designed in such a way that it connects the suction side of the pump and / or the vacuum chamber with the fuel suction line during operation of the burner and with the fuel supply line when the burner is switched off Carburettor chamber connects.
  • a single pump is sufficient both for fuel delivery and for drawing off the gasified fuel from the gasification chamber.
  • valve is connected to the gasification chamber via the same channel that also serves to supply fuel to the gasification chamber. This has the advantage that not only gasified fuel is drawn off from the gasification chamber, but also that fresh fuel is prevented from reaching the gasification chamber. The gasified fuel and fresh fuel are also mixed, which accelerates the condensation of the gasified fuel.
  • the shaft of a cleaning member for the carburetor chamber can also pass through said channel. This brings a further design simplification, because then only an opening for the fuel supply, the suction and the shaft is necessary for the cleaning member.
  • the said channel is advantageously arranged practically horizontally during operation and has a bore in the bottom which is connected to the valve.
  • This has the advantage that primarily fuel is sucked out of the duct during suction in order to prevent the evaporation of further fuel in the gasification chamber.
  • delivery of fuel during the extraction is deliberately maintained, but prevented from the delivery until Carburetor chamber is done.
  • the further delivery of fuel has the advantage already mentioned that the condensation of the extracted gas is accelerated by the cooling effect of the delivered fuel.
  • the shaft of the cleaning member is advantageously supported by at least one bearing in the said channel and means are provided to cool the bearing by liquid fuel even when the gasified fuel is extracted. This cooling prevents the bearing from being impaired when the hot fuel gases are drawn off through the duct.
  • the cooling means mentioned are advantageously formed by a recess in the shaft and a recess on the underside of the bearing. This enables fuel to flow through the recess in the shaft in the direction of the gasification chamber during the suction process, the fuel then being able to flow back through the recess on the underside of the bearing mixed with evaporated fuel.
  • the valve is advantageously also connected to an actuator of an air flap in order to adjust the air flap according to the pressure in the gasification chamber and to close it when the burner is switched off. If a lot of fuel is evaporated in the gasification chamber, the pressure is high, so that the actuator opens the air flap further to deliver more air to the flame. In this way, the stoichiometric ratio between combustion air and gas is maintained over the entire control range of the burner output. When the burner is switched off, the pressure in the gasification chamber drops, so that the air flap closes and prevents the boiler from cooling down due to an air flow flowing through the burner as a result of the chimney draft.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through the fan housing 11 of the burner, the individual organs of the burner being partially visible in section. These organs are the motor 13, on which the fuel pump 15 and the fan wheel 17 are arranged at the front. Both the fuel pump 15 and the fan wheel 17 are driven by a common shaft 19.
  • the gasification chamber 21 is arranged on the fuel pump 15.
  • the flame pot 23 is located at the front of the gasification chamber 21.
  • Reference number 25 denotes the air flap.
  • the clamping flange 27 is used to attach the burner to the boiler.
  • FIG. 1 are further organs that are not necessary for understanding the present invention, such as ignition electrodes, ignition transformer, etc.
  • a solenoid valve 29 is shown schematically, by means of which, when the burner is in operation, fuel from the suction line 31 via a throttle 32 to the fuel pump 15 flows.
  • the throttle 32 can also be part of the solenoid valve 29.
  • the line 33 which connects the valve 29 to the fuel pump 15 in the schematic illustration shown, is generally superfluous since the valve 29 can be arranged directly on the fuel pump 15.
  • the channel 55 to the carburetor chamber 25 is connected via line 35 to an actuator 37 for adjusting the air flap.
  • the pressure prevailing in the gasification chamber 21 heated by the electric heater 38 acts on the actuator 37 via line 35 in order to adjust the air flap 25 in accordance with this pressure.
  • a Branch line 39 connects line 35 to valve 29 in order to enable liquid and gaseous fuel to be extracted when the burner is switched off, as will be explained in more detail later.
  • Reference number 41 denotes a schematically indicated vacuum chamber which, alone or together with the pump 15, enables suction when the burner is switched off, in which the valve 29 is also switched over.
  • the vacuum chamber 41 is connected to the suction side 43 of the pump 15.
  • the vacuum chamber 41 shown schematically in the drawing is expediently formed in the pump housing 15.
  • a conventional fuel pump can be used as the pump 15.
  • a gear pump of the "Fuelmaster" type with trochoidal toothing was used, as is produced by the Fuelmaster Manufacturing Company, Rijswijk Z.H., Holland. Some changes have been made to the housing.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows a pump housing part 49 on which the carburetor housing part 51 is also formed.
  • the outlet 53 of the pump leads to a central bore 55 in the housing part 49.
  • This bore 55 connects the fuel pump 15 to the gasification chamber 21.
  • the bore 55 thus serves as a channel for the supply of fuel to the gasification chamber.
  • the bore 55 serves to receive the shaft 57 driven by the motor 13 for a cleaning element 59 in the gasification chamber 21.
  • the bore 55 also serves to suck gasified fuel out of the gasification chamber 21 after the burner has been switched off.
  • the shaft 57 is supported in the bore 55 by two bearing bushes 61 and 63. Between these bearings is a sleeve 64, the top and bottom has a flattening 65, 67.
  • a bore 69 allows fuel to flow into the bore 71 of the can. Since the shaft 57 has a recess 73, the fuel can continue to flow through the narrowed part 55 ′ of the bore 55 to the gasification chamber 21.
  • the bearing 63 has a recess 75 at the bottom, through which liquid and gaseous fuel can flow to the bore 77 during suction and from there through the lines 35, 39 to the valve 29.
  • the motor 13 drives the fuel pump 15.
  • the fuel pump 15 draws fuel via the suction line 31, the valve 29, the line 33 and conveys part of the same to the outlet 53, while another part is conveyed back into the return line 76 to the fuel tank.
  • the fuel which is conveyed through the outlet 53 flows through the bore 55 to the gasification chamber 21.
  • the path of the fuel leads from the outlet 53 into the bore 69 and can then pass through the bearing thanks to the recess 73 63 flow into the narrowed part 55 'of the bore 55.
  • the fuel evaporates in the gasification chamber 21 and generates a pressure in it.
  • the gasified fuel leaves the chamber through the nozzle 79 and, together with the air conveyed by the fan wheel 17, comes into the flame pot 23, where it burns with a blue flame.
  • the pressure in the gasification chamber 21 acts on the actuator 37 via the bore 55 ', 55, the bore 77 and the line 35.
  • the greater the pressure acting on the actuator 37 the further the air flap 25 is opened.
  • the ratio between the gasified fuel and the air conveyed is kept practically constant. This is necessary to ensure the correct stoichiometric ratio between fuel and air throughout the control range of the burner.
  • a regulation of the fuel supply is through a device not shown for changing the delivery rate of the fuel pump possible.
  • the valve 29 is also switched over at the same time as the engine 13 is switched off.
  • the pump drive does not stop immediately, so that the fuel pump 15 is still sucked in on the suction side 43.
  • the pump does not act on the suction line 31 but on the branch line 39 and thus on the line 35. This has the consequence that the actuator 37 closes the air flap 25.
  • the vacuum chamber 41 it is not absolutely necessary for the vacuum chamber 41 to have a lower pressure than the atmospheric pressure; because there is overpressure in the gasification chamber 21 during operation. Thus, when the valve 39 switches, hot gas can flow from the gasification chamber 21 into the chamber 41, where it condenses. If the description of suction or vacuum chamber is used in this description, this is to be understood in a broader sense, which also includes the last case described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
EP82111502A 1981-12-14 1982-12-11 Procédé pour le combustion de combustible liquide en état gazeux Withdrawn EP0081833A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH796081 1981-12-14
CH7960/81 1981-12-14

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110146.2 Division-Into 1982-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0081833A1 true EP0081833A1 (fr) 1983-06-22

Family

ID=4333012

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110146A Withdrawn EP0136522A1 (fr) 1981-12-14 1982-12-11 Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide à l'état gazeux
EP82111502A Withdrawn EP0081833A1 (fr) 1981-12-14 1982-12-11 Procédé pour le combustion de combustible liquide en état gazeux

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110146A Withdrawn EP0136522A1 (fr) 1981-12-14 1982-12-11 Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide à l'état gazeux

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US4509914A (fr)
EP (2) EP0136522A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207885A1 (fr) * 1985-03-15 1987-01-07 MVT Micro-Verschleiss-Technik und Apparatebau AG Brûleur avec un carburateur

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4737103A (en) * 1985-06-24 1988-04-12 Siccardi Frank J Fresh air monitoring and controls relating thereto
ATE45417T1 (de) * 1985-12-30 1989-08-15 Vth Ag Brenner, insbesondere brenner zur verbrennung von fluessigen brennstoffen in gasfoermigem zustand.
ITTV20110167A1 (it) * 2011-12-05 2013-06-06 Dal Tio Srl Dispositivo di combustione per etanolo.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH613762A5 (en) * 1975-07-28 1979-10-15 Exxon France Burner for liquid fuels
EP0036128B1 (fr) * 1980-03-14 1984-07-25 Stoechio-Matic AG Brûleur pour la combustion de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB460964A (en) * 1935-08-01 1937-02-01 Henschel & Sohn Ag Improvements in or relating to burners, more particularly for use with furnaces worked with liquid fuel, and a method of working same
US2969800A (en) * 1955-05-31 1961-01-31 B H Hadley Inc Control means and method to maintain predetermined pressure in a pressure zone
GB1378863A (en) * 1970-12-07 1974-12-27 Bjoerklund Curt Arnold Fuel oil supply arrangement
DE2262673C3 (de) * 1972-12-21 1981-04-02 Schladitz, Hermann J., Prof., 8000 München Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen von Heizöl
FR2319847A2 (fr) * 1975-07-28 1977-02-25 Exxon France Dispositif pour bruler des combustibles liquides en produisant sans bruit une flamme parfaitement bleue
DE2809962C2 (de) * 1978-03-08 1989-06-29 Deutsche Babcock Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Sicherheitseinrichtung an einem Ölbrenner
JPS55831A (en) * 1978-06-17 1980-01-07 Taada:Kk Exhaust device for combustion apparatus
DE3010014A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Gaswärme-Institut e.V. Vorrichtung zur einstellung des verbrennungsluftstromes bei brenngasverbrauchern

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH613762A5 (en) * 1975-07-28 1979-10-15 Exxon France Burner for liquid fuels
EP0036128B1 (fr) * 1980-03-14 1984-07-25 Stoechio-Matic AG Brûleur pour la combustion de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0207885A1 (fr) * 1985-03-15 1987-01-07 MVT Micro-Verschleiss-Technik und Apparatebau AG Brûleur avec un carburateur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4509914A (en) 1985-04-09
EP0136522A1 (fr) 1985-04-10

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Inventor name: FRICK, ADOLF