EP0079010A1 - Détecteur de fumée - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0079010A1
EP0079010A1 EP82110013A EP82110013A EP0079010A1 EP 0079010 A1 EP0079010 A1 EP 0079010A1 EP 82110013 A EP82110013 A EP 82110013A EP 82110013 A EP82110013 A EP 82110013A EP 0079010 A1 EP0079010 A1 EP 0079010A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
smoke detector
radiation
detector according
pulse
radiation source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82110013A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0079010B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürg Dr. sc. nat. Muggli
Heinz Dipl.-Ing.ETH Güttinger
Zoltan Dipl.-Ing. Horvath
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Priority to AT82110013T priority Critical patent/ATE20398T1/de
Publication of EP0079010A1 publication Critical patent/EP0079010A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0079010B1 publication Critical patent/EP0079010B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits
    • G08B29/043—Monitoring of the detection circuits of fire detection circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke detector with a radiation source operated in pulses, a radiation receiver arranged outside the direct radiation area of the radiation source, which is exposed to scattered radiation in the presence of smoke in the radiation area and emits output signals, and an evaluation circuit which has switching elements which, when the output signals exceed a predetermined threshold value forward a signal to a flip-flop for emitting an alarm signal.
  • Such a smoke detector is known for example from WO-PA 80/1326 and EP-PA 14 779.
  • a radiation source is controlled by a pulse generator and emits short-lasting radiation pulses.
  • the receiver picks up the radiation that is scattered by smoke in the scattering volume, but also radiation that is reflected by the walls.
  • To compensate for aging and the temperature response of the transmitter and receiver e.g. in US Pat. No. 4,180,742
  • a radiation source positioned at the bottom emits light in a conical shape upwards.
  • the main radiation receiver is positioned centrally symmetrically at the top, the reference receiver somewhat above at the side in the direct radiation path of the transmitter. With this type of positioning, dust is only deposited on the radiation source. Condensation from gases, on the other hand, will equally prove the main recipient and reference recipient.
  • the regulation of the light output of the transmitter by measuring the signal of the reference cell therefore results in a scatter signal generated by the smoke on the main receiving cell, which is independent of the contamination of the detector.
  • the electronic circuit essentially consists of an oscillator for the power supply to the radiation source regulated by the reference cell, an amplifier and a threshold value detector with differential properties. If the reception pulse changes very slowly, as can be generated by contamination, the threshold value is shifted with the height of the reception pulse. When the reception pulse increases rapidly, as is produced by smoke generated by fire, the threshold value changes only insignificantly, and the flip-flop is triggered when a certain reception height is reached. The threshold value detector with differential properties is thus able to correct the slow changes in the received pulse. The combination of this threshold value detector with the radiation pulse controlled by the reference cell results in a smoke detector which does not change its sensitivity to smoke even when heavily soiled. In addition, the aging of the radiation source and the temperature dependence are corrected.
  • the regulation of the radiation source can also be used as follows to trigger an interference signal:
  • the smoke detector retains an unchanged sensitivity to smoke. As soon as this circuit reaches the limits of the control possibility, this can be detected and an interference signal can be triggered.
  • Such a detector thus triggers an interference signal as long as it still has hardly any change in smoke sensitivity, but would soon become insensitive to further contamination or aging of the radiation source.
  • Fig. 1 the structure of a smoke detector according to the invention is shown in section.
  • the radiation source 1 emits radiation in the shape of a hollow cone into the enclosed space of the detector.
  • a central aperture (50) keeps direct radiation away from the radiation receiver 16.
  • the reference cell 12 is positioned in the radiation cone. This arrangement ensures that radiation receiver 16 and reference cell 12 become equally dirty. In particular, dust is mainly deposited on the radiation source 1 and thus influences the reference and scattered light signals equally.
  • a radiation transmitter S In the circuit of an embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention shown in FIG. 2, a radiation transmitter S, a radiation detector A, a correlator C, a threshold detector N, an integrator I, an alarm flip-flop K and lie between two lines L 1 and L 2 carrying direct voltage a monitoring circuit with flip-flop U.
  • the radiation transmitter S consists of an oscillator which conducts a current of approximately one ampere approximately 100 ps through the radiation source 1 at a time interval of approximately two seconds.
  • the radiation source 1 consists of a light or IR radiation emitting diode.
  • the oscillator consists of the power transistor 2 with associated limiting resistor 3, from the drive circuit consisting of transistor 4 with associated limiting resistor 5, and from the feedback element consisting of resistor 7 and capacitor 6.
  • the large capacitor 10 supplies the current pulse for the radiation source 1; it is charged via resistor 11.
  • the current pulse is triggered when the resistors 8 and 9 at the base of the transistor 4 supply the voltage which makes it conductive.
  • the current through the light-emitting diode is regulated via the reference cell (phototransistor 12) with measuring resistor 13 and feedback resistor 14. As soon as the voltage across the resistor 13 is high enough, the transistor 15 becomes somewhat conductive and thus reduces the base current of the power transistor 2.
  • a photo cell can also be used instead of a photo transistor.
  • the radiation detector A consists of the radiation receiver 16 designed as a photocell and the two-stage amplifier consisting of the transistors 17 and 18, the collector resistors 22 and 23, the emitter resistor 20 with parallel capacitor 21 for higher pulse amplification and the feedback resistor 19. Via resistor 24 and capacitor 25 the blocking pulse is generated from the oscillator. On K lecturer ol of transistor 18, a negative blocking pulse, for which purpose this counted in a positive direction of the amplified received pulse appears across the coupling capacitor 26 thereby.
  • a phototransistor can also be used as the radiation receiver 16: this would simultaneously replace the transistor 17.
  • a self-conducting P-channel junction field-effect transistor 27 is used as the correlator C, the gate of which is normally low, which makes it conductive and thus any possible interference pulse is short-circuited.
  • the gate is high only during the pulse and the JFET 27 blocks and thus allows the receive and block pulse to pass.
  • the threshold detector N consists of the self-conducting N-channel junction field-effect transistor 28 and the holding stage with capacitor 29 and the high-resistance resistor 30.
  • the FET 28 With each pulse, the FET 28 is made conductive by the negative blocking pulse. This generates a reset pulse via transistor 31 with base resistor 32.
  • the capacitor 29 is charged via the forward diode gate-source of the FET 28. As long as the pulse height remains unchanged, the capacitor 29 remains essentially at the same potential. It discharges very little via resistor 30 and is recharged to the previous potential at the next pulse. If the pulse height changes very slowly, the potential of the capacitor 29 follows accordingly. If smoke penetrates the detector, the pulse at the gate of the FET 28 becomes smaller in amount. If it becomes small enough, the F ET will no longer conduct during the pulse, as a result of which no reset pulse will be generated.
  • the integration stage I consists of a counter 33 (eg 4024), which receives counting pulses from the oscillator with each radiation pulse. As long as reset pulses are generated, it is also reset to 0 for each pulse. If there are no reset pulses, the output Q n goes high after 2 pulses.
  • a counter 33 eg 4024
  • the flip-flop K consists of the thyristor 34, which is driven by the output Q of the counter.
  • the Zener diode 35 generates a voltage (eg 6 V) in order to distinguish the alarm condition from the fault condition.
  • the monitoring circuit U consists of the voltage divider with resistors 37 and 38 and the thyristor 36.
  • the resistor 3 measures the current through the radiation source 1. As soon as this becomes too high as a result of contamination or aging of the radiation source 1, the thyristor 36 is activated and a malfunction is thus indicated .
  • the circuit shown is only an example. Parts can also be omitted, e.g. Monitoring circuit U or the correlator C.
  • the various elements can also be designed differently, e.g. the threshold value detector can also be differentiated digitally using a counter and a digital / analog converter, as is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the pulse signal is added to the voltage at the voltage divider formed from the resistors 40 and 41 and fed to the negative input of the comparators 45 and 46. These receive voltages on their positive input, which are generated by resistors 42, 43 and 44.
  • the count pulse which is inverted with the element 49, generates a state of the counter 47 which is 1 higher or lower (for example 14516).
  • the state of the counter 47 generates the DC input voltage via the resistors 41 and 40 via the parallel digital / analog converter 48. This circuit ensures that in the idle state the pulse voltage at the negative input oscillates just around the voltage at the positive input of the comparator 46.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)
EP82110013A 1981-11-11 1982-10-29 Détecteur de fumée Expired EP0079010B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110013T ATE20398T1 (de) 1981-11-11 1982-10-29 Rauchdetektor.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH724881A CH655396B (fr) 1981-11-11 1981-11-11
CH7248/81 1981-11-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079010A1 true EP0079010A1 (fr) 1983-05-18
EP0079010B1 EP0079010B1 (fr) 1986-06-11

Family

ID=4322161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82110013A Expired EP0079010B1 (fr) 1981-11-11 1982-10-29 Détecteur de fumée

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US4555634A (fr)
EP (1) EP0079010B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5888641A (fr)
AT (1) ATE20398T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU556838B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8206536A (fr)
CA (1) CA1208334A (fr)
CH (1) CH655396B (fr)
DE (1) DE3271683D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK502382A (fr)
ES (1) ES8401656A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI823837L (fr)
IL (1) IL67158A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO156149C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ202365A (fr)
YU (1) YU252382A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA828097B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3831654A1 (de) * 1988-09-17 1990-03-22 Hartwig Beyersdorf Optischer rauchmelder
WO1990016053A1 (fr) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-27 Fire Fighting Enterprises (Uk) Limited Detecteurs de particules
EP0577045A1 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Dispositif détecteur de fumée pour alarme d'incendie

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59187246A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-24 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co Ltd 光電式煙感知器の機能検査装置
US4823015A (en) * 1985-05-08 1989-04-18 Adt, Inc. Electrical interference free projected beam smoke detector
JPH02112096A (ja) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ｉｃ化された感知器
CH685410A5 (de) * 1993-02-15 1995-06-30 Cerberus Ag Vorrichtung zur Funktionsprüfung von Rauchmeldern.
US5929981A (en) * 1996-06-18 1999-07-27 Ohmeda Inc. System for monitoring contamination of optical elements in a Raman gas analyzer
US6503893B2 (en) 1996-12-30 2003-01-07 Bone Care International, Inc. Method of treating hyperproliferative diseases using active vitamin D analogues

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922655A (en) * 1972-03-07 1975-11-25 Francais Detection Eletr Smoke or fire detector
US4011458A (en) * 1975-10-09 1977-03-08 Pyrotector, Incorporated Photoelectric detector with light source intensity regulation
US4180742A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-12-25 Chloride Incorporated Detector with supervisory signal from monitor cell
US4206456A (en) * 1975-06-23 1980-06-03 Chloride Incorporated Smoke detector
EP0015007A1 (fr) * 1979-02-23 1980-09-03 Hekatron GmbH Montage pour un indicateur optique de gaz de fumée
EP0014779A1 (fr) * 1979-02-22 1980-09-03 Cerberus Ag Détecteur de fumée comportant un circuit d'exploitation d'impulsion

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH546989A (de) * 1972-12-06 1974-03-15 Cerberus Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur brandmeldung.
US4242673A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-12-30 American District Telegraph Company Optical particle detector

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922655A (en) * 1972-03-07 1975-11-25 Francais Detection Eletr Smoke or fire detector
US4206456A (en) * 1975-06-23 1980-06-03 Chloride Incorporated Smoke detector
US4011458A (en) * 1975-10-09 1977-03-08 Pyrotector, Incorporated Photoelectric detector with light source intensity regulation
US4180742A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-12-25 Chloride Incorporated Detector with supervisory signal from monitor cell
EP0014779A1 (fr) * 1979-02-22 1980-09-03 Cerberus Ag Détecteur de fumée comportant un circuit d'exploitation d'impulsion
EP0015007A1 (fr) * 1979-02-23 1980-09-03 Hekatron GmbH Montage pour un indicateur optique de gaz de fumée

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 3, Nr. 107, 8. September 1979, Seite 160E136 & JP - A - 54 85786 (MATSUSHITA DENKI SANGYO K.K.) 07.07.1979 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3831654A1 (de) * 1988-09-17 1990-03-22 Hartwig Beyersdorf Optischer rauchmelder
US5008559A (en) * 1988-09-17 1991-04-16 Hartwig Beyersdorf Method for operating an optical smoke detector and optical smoke detector for the method
WO1990016053A1 (fr) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-27 Fire Fighting Enterprises (Uk) Limited Detecteurs de particules
GB2242521A (en) * 1989-06-15 1991-10-02 Fire Fighting Enterprises Particle detectors
GB2242521B (en) * 1989-06-15 1993-07-21 Fire Fighting Enterprises Particle detectors
EP0577045A1 (fr) * 1992-06-29 1994-01-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Dispositif détecteur de fumée pour alarme d'incendie
US5381131A (en) * 1992-06-29 1995-01-10 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Smoke detecting apparatus for fire alarm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5888641A (ja) 1983-05-26
ES517587A0 (es) 1983-12-16
DE3271683D1 (en) 1986-07-17
AU9017682A (en) 1983-05-19
FI823837A0 (fi) 1982-11-09
US4555634A (en) 1985-11-26
NO156149B (no) 1987-04-21
ATE20398T1 (de) 1986-06-15
CA1208334A (fr) 1986-07-22
FI823837L (fi) 1983-05-12
NO823753L (no) 1983-05-13
DK502382A (da) 1983-05-12
AU556838B2 (en) 1986-11-20
NZ202365A (en) 1985-09-13
YU252382A (en) 1985-10-31
NO156149C (no) 1987-08-05
CH655396B (fr) 1986-04-15
BR8206536A (pt) 1983-09-27
EP0079010B1 (fr) 1986-06-11
ZA828097B (en) 1983-09-28
IL67158A0 (en) 1983-03-31
ES8401656A1 (es) 1983-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3587666T2 (de) Hochleistungssaatgutdetektor.
DE3328256C2 (de) Verfahren und Anordnung zur automatischen Stabilisierung eines Szintillationsdetektors
EP2350991A1 (fr) Adaptation de l'instant d'échantillonnage d'un circuit échantillonneur-bloqueur d'un détecteur optique de fumées
DE2328872C3 (de) Ionisationsfeuermelder
DE2822547A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur ueberpruefung des schwebstoffgehalts der atmosphaere, insbesondere zur verwendung als rauchmelder
DE3133269A1 (de) Saatgut-ueberwachungsvorrichtung
EP0079010A1 (fr) Détecteur de fumée
DE3209994C2 (fr)
DE2630843A1 (de) Rauchmelder nach dem lichtstreuungsprinzip
DE2310817B2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von in einem Strömungsmittel mitgeführten Partikeln, insbesondere Rauchmelder
DE2519840A1 (de) Horizontsensor mit einem ir-detektor
DE2934773A1 (de) Entfernungsmessvorrichtung
DE2462876C2 (de) Rauchdetektor
DE2202556C3 (de) Vorrichtung zum Messender Lichtdurchlässigkeit eines Mediums
DE3026787C2 (de) Eigensicherer Flammenwächter
DE2829133C3 (de) Meldeeinrichtung
EP0067313B1 (fr) Détecteur de fumée comportant une source de rayonnement commandée par impulsions
CH376185A (de) Selbstregulierende, lichtempfindliche Vorrichtung
DE2600278A1 (de) Rauchdetektorschaltung
EP0334431B1 (fr) Dispositif de circuit pour la production d'une tension d'alimentation à impulsion pour une charge sous tension continue
DE2840790C2 (de) Anordnung zur Überwachung von elektrischen Einrichtungen auf die Ausbildung eines oder mehrerer Lichtbögen
DE2937686A1 (de) Kombinationsdetektor
DE3711022A1 (de) Loeschdetektor
DE3411995A1 (de) Lichtschranke als schalter in einer aufnahmevorrichtung fuer ein handgeraet
DE10247168B4 (de) Flammenwächter mit Selbsttestfunktion und Verfahren zur Betriebsüberwachung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19821029

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 20398

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19860615

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3271683

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19860717

ET Fr: translation filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19861031

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19890911

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19890915

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19890927

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19890928

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19891031

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19900910

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19900912

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19900928

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19901029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19901030

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19901031

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: CERBERUS A.G.

Effective date: 19901031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19910501

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19911029

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19920630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19920701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 82110013.8

Effective date: 19910603