EP0040395A2 - Dispositif d'alimentation en courant pour le chauffage électrique d'une matière fondue - Google Patents

Dispositif d'alimentation en courant pour le chauffage électrique d'une matière fondue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0040395A2
EP0040395A2 EP81103679A EP81103679A EP0040395A2 EP 0040395 A2 EP0040395 A2 EP 0040395A2 EP 81103679 A EP81103679 A EP 81103679A EP 81103679 A EP81103679 A EP 81103679A EP 0040395 A2 EP0040395 A2 EP 0040395A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
windings
transformers
primary
transformer
primary windings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81103679A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0040395B1 (fr
EP0040395A3 (en
Inventor
Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Germann
Eduard Ing.(Grad.) Kuntz
Reinhold Ing.(grad.) Müller
Horst Ing.(Grad.) Scholz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to AT81103679T priority Critical patent/ATE15743T1/de
Publication of EP0040395A2 publication Critical patent/EP0040395A2/fr
Publication of EP0040395A3 publication Critical patent/EP0040395A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0040395B1 publication Critical patent/EP0040395B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0019—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B3/0023—Circuit arrangements for heating by passing the current directly across the material to be heated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power supply device for the electrical heating of a molten medium (melt), which is located in a melting tank, by in-phase partial alternating currents which are fed into the melt via one or a number of individual transformers and with one or a number of secondary windings thereof which penetrate the melt via electrodes and counter electrodes immersed in it.
  • a molten medium melting tank
  • Such power supplies are procedurally used to heat the molten media of this kind, which oppose a resistor to the 'heating power, and therefore constitute a resistive load.
  • Devices in question are used, for example, for glass melts and salt melts.
  • the heating current from an alternating current source is supplied to the molten medium placed in a melting tank via a transformer or a number of individual transformers with a number of secondary windings and further via electrodes which are immersed in the medium and is removed from the medium via counter electrodes which are likewise immersed dissipated.
  • the heating current is caused to change into a number Sel streams corresponding to the number of pairs of electrodes and counter electrodes is distributed over a cross section through the molten medium.
  • the power supply devices used require that the electrodes and the counterelectrodes experience the same current loads as possible, so that they are removed evenly during operation, and consequently all the electrodes involved achieve as long a service life as possible.
  • the partial alternating currents are galvanically separated from one another, are fed from a secondary winding of a transformer (mentioned above), or are fed in via individual transformers.
  • a static AC power controller has also been connected upstream of each individual transformer, whereby the partial AC currents can be set individually, but the effort and, with regulation, the difficulty due to the mutual influence of the individual currents and current paths becomes considerable.
  • the object is achieved in such a., Power supply device in that the transformers of the power supply device have the features characterized in claim 1, which consist in that their primary windings are connected in series to a supply voltage and these primary windings and the associated secondary windings each have the same or predetermined number of turns that result in partial alternating currents of the same size or in a desired size / ratio.
  • transformers according to the marking according to claim 1 flows through the primary windings (and only one) alternating current of a certain size.
  • partial alternating currents are forced in the secondary windings, all of which are of the same size in accordance with the number of turns ratios of the primary windings and the secondary windings of the transformers which are to be selected to be of the same size.
  • the voltages on the secondary windings can be of different magnitudes, corresponding to the resistances of the areas of the molten medium through which the individual secondary currents flow.
  • a power supply device which has a conventional transformer according to the prior art set out above with a primary winding and a number of secondary windings coupled to it Contains individual transformers, in which, in accordance with a solution alternative that can be derived from the inventive idea according to claim 1, one or more secondary windings of an additional transformer are connected in pure form with one secondary winding of the conventional transformer or the individual transformers, and the primary windings of the additional transformers in .Series connection are short-circuited, these primary windings and the associated secondary windings each have the same number of turns or predetermined numbers of turns that equal gr partial or alternating currents in the desired size ratio.
  • the secondary windings of the conventional transformer are loaded by different partial alternating currents, the voltages on these secondary windings then being of the same magnitude, then voltages of different magnitudes arise on the secondary windings of the additional transformers, which correspond to the partial alternating currents, and also with different polarities in that the primary partial windings are short-circuited in series. These voltages are combined with the voltages on the secondary windings of the conventional transformer to form total voltages, under which all partial alternating currents become equal.
  • the primary windings are to be kept constant, it is sufficient to keep the current flowing through the primary windings constant and, in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, to arrange the primary windings with an AC actuator with two thyristors connected in parallel in opposite polarity, which is used to keep the primary windings constant supplied AC interacts trained controller.
  • the transformers designed according to the invention have the properties of a current transformer, so that malfunctions in operation, such as in particular dangerously high overvoltages, which occur when a partial alternating current is interrupted on the secondary side, must be avoided as far as possible.
  • a second further embodiment of the invention corresponds to that of each secondary winding of the transformers is sungsglied connected in parallel as a protection measure, a bipolar-acting SPDs in series with a Stromerfas- ', and that the outputs of the current detecting members are connected to a common signal line to a Fault evaluator influencing the current controller is guided.
  • a molten glass to be heated in a melting tank W which is shown in plan view (plan view).
  • Four rod-shaped electrodes which consist, for example, of graphite, are arranged in a row along two opposing walls of the tub and are immersed in the glass melt.
  • Electrodes There are four pairs of electrodes (E1, E'1), (E2, E'2), (E3, E'3), (E4, E'4), namely one electrode E and one counter electrode E ', which in the row of which is arranged offset, connected via two power lines to windings, from which four in-phase partial changes currents i 1 ' i 2 , i 3' i 4 are fed into the glass melt for heating.
  • Each partial flow is composed of current paths which, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2, diverge from the inlet electrodes E in a belly shape and converge towards the counter electrodes E '.
  • the partial flows i 1 and i 2 and the partial flows i 3 and i 4 intersect.
  • Such an arrangement can be expedient in order to achieve the most favorable operating conditions depending on the shape of the tub W and the melting process.
  • the partial alternating currents i 1 to i 4 fed in via the electrodes mentioned can be set to the same size and are also kept constant during heating operation, so that all electrodes and counter electrodes constantly experience the same current load.
  • This requirement is met using power supply transformers which are connected in accordance with FIG. 1.
  • four transformers 1, 2, 3, 4 are used, each of which has its own transformer core, a primary winding U 1 , U2 1 U 3 , U 4 and a secondary winding V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 contains.
  • the four primary windings have the same number of turns and are connected in series.
  • the four secondary windings are galvanically separated from each other. They also have the same number of turns, which are determined in a selected ratio to the number of turns of the four primary windings.
  • the four pairs of electrodes immersed in the glass melt are connected to these secondary windings. There are therefore four partial circuits with four ohmic resistances, which are given by the state of the melt in the relevant volume ranges.
  • the series connection of the primary windings is now connected to an AC power source, for example to the AC network
  • the series connection of the four primary windings takes up a primary current, the magnitude of which depends on the line voltage u N.
  • the secondary windings are therefore loaded with partial currents i 1 to i 4 of the same size if, as assumed above, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary windings and the secondary windings is the same for all windings.
  • the secondary currents are no longer dependent on the resistance of the glass melt, but the voltage distribution across the four primary windings is influenced by the resistance.
  • the four pairs of electrodes (E 1 , E ' 1 ), ( E2, E'2), (E 3 , E' 3 ), ( E 4 , E ' 4 ) are each connected to two secondary windings of transformers connected in series. Furthermore, the transformers 1, 2, 3, 4 must be short-circuited on the primary side, ie the series connection of the four primary sub-windings U 1 , U 2 ' U 3 , U 4 must be short-circuited.
  • the primary winding U 'of the transformer 1' is now connected to the alternating current source (network N), the primary winding U 'absorbs a primary current which is the sum of the four partial currents i 1 to 1 4 in the four secondary windings V' 1 to V 4 corresponds, these partial currents depending on the electrical resistance of the current paths in the glass melt in the individual volume regions per se being of different sizes.
  • the circuit arrangement of the transformers 1 to 4 in the device according to FIG. 2 also has the effect that the partial alternating currents are set to the same size even when the voltage of the network N changes. However, if partial currents that remain constant over time are required, then only an alternating current actuator with a constant current regulator according to FIG. 1 is sufficient, which is arranged upstream of the primary winding U 'of 1'.
  • Transfor Mator kernels with a small magnetization requirement for example cutting tape cores with grain-oriented material sheet.
  • Each secondary winding V 1 ... V 4 is a bipolar overvoltage limiter B, known under the name "U diode” or “Thyrector”, connected in parallel with a current detection element SE.
  • Each detection element has an output. The outputs of all detection elements are connected to a common signal line, a collecting line 1, as a result of which the current detection elements SE are connected to a fault evaluator S, namely to its input.
  • Each overvoltage that arises on a secondary winding as a result of a fault is signaled by a current pulse, detected by a detection element SE and registered by the fault evaluator S.
  • An output of S is connected to the current regulator 3 'mentioned above.
  • the current controller is influenced by S so that, for example, all partial alternating currents are switched off immediately.
  • the supply of equal-sized partial alternating currents in the glass melt via electrodes and counterelectrodes combined in groups is achieved using power supply transformers which are connected according to FIG. 1, but in which two or more secondary windings are assigned to the primary windings. 3, for example, only two such transformers 1, 2 are used in which the secondary windings U 1 , U 2 each have two secondary windings, namely V 11 , V 12 (to U 1 ) and V 211 V 22 (to U 2 ) are assigned.
  • the partial alternating currents i 1 , i 2 , i 3 , i 4 are generated from the two of the four secondary windings in the glass melt Group of electrodes E 11 , E '11 ; E 12 , E '12 and a group of counter electrodes E 211 E' 21 ; E22, E '22 fed. These two groups can be immersed in two volume regions of the glass melt, which on average differ considerably in terms of their ohmic resistance. Nevertheless, the four currents i 1 to i 4 are equal in size.
  • the application of the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, nor is it generally restricted to the effect that the partial alternating currents are all set to the same size.
  • these flows can, if necessary, also be set to different sizes in certain volume ranges of the melt. This can e.g. simply by a correspondingly different determination of the number of turns in the individual transformers connected according to FIG. 1, assigned to the volume regions, in order to achieve that in a glass melt which is located in an elongated trough, the partial flows in the two end regions of the melt are greater than are set in the middle range.
EP81103679A 1980-05-20 1981-05-13 Dispositif d'alimentation en courant pour le chauffage électrique d'une matière fondue Expired EP0040395B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81103679T ATE15743T1 (de) 1980-05-20 1981-05-13 Stromversorgungseinrichtung zum elektrischen beheizen eines geschmolzenen mediums.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3019133A DE3019133C2 (de) 1980-05-20 1980-05-20 Stromversorgungseinrichtung zum elektrischen Beheizen eines geschmolzenen Mediums
DE3019133 1980-05-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0040395A2 true EP0040395A2 (fr) 1981-11-25
EP0040395A3 EP0040395A3 (en) 1982-06-02
EP0040395B1 EP0040395B1 (fr) 1985-09-18

Family

ID=6102805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81103679A Expired EP0040395B1 (fr) 1980-05-20 1981-05-13 Dispositif d'alimentation en courant pour le chauffage électrique d'une matière fondue

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4410998A (fr)
EP (1) EP0040395B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE15743T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3019133C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474034A (en) * 1982-09-23 1984-10-02 Avery Jr Richard J Refrigerant accumulator and charging apparatus and method for vapor-compression refrigeration system
DE3423228C2 (de) * 1984-06-21 1986-11-20 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Schaltungsanordnung zur Speisung einer Vielzahl von Lasten veränderlichen Widerstands mit gleichen Strömen
US4569055A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-02-04 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Forehearth electrode firing

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1299601A (en) * 1969-10-24 1972-12-13 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to alternating current regulator arrangements
DE2248166A1 (de) * 1971-10-08 1973-04-12 Alsthom Cgee Regelbarer transformator
GB1353012A (en) * 1970-02-10 1974-05-15 Hirst Electric Ind Ltd Electrical regulators
DE2538970A1 (de) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-25 Elemelt Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von glas
DE2626798A1 (de) * 1975-06-17 1976-12-23 Nippon Electric Glass Co Vorrichtung zur gleichmaessigen erhitzung von geschmolzenem glas

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE841489C (de) * 1943-08-24 1952-06-16 Brown Ag Einrichtung zur Speisung der Elektroden von elektrischen Glasschmelzoefen
DE1161042B (de) * 1961-09-06 1964-01-09 Duisburger Kupferhuette Runder Drehstrom-Elektroofen mit einem Vierelektrodensystem, insbesondere Reduktionsofen fuer die elektrothermische Zinkgewinnung
US3182112A (en) * 1962-07-05 1965-05-04 Owens Illinois Glass Co Current balancing means for multiple electrodes in electrically heated glass meltingunits

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1299601A (en) * 1969-10-24 1972-12-13 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to alternating current regulator arrangements
GB1353012A (en) * 1970-02-10 1974-05-15 Hirst Electric Ind Ltd Electrical regulators
DE2248166A1 (de) * 1971-10-08 1973-04-12 Alsthom Cgee Regelbarer transformator
DE2538970A1 (de) * 1974-09-06 1976-03-25 Elemelt Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmelzen von glas
DE2626798A1 (de) * 1975-06-17 1976-12-23 Nippon Electric Glass Co Vorrichtung zur gleichmaessigen erhitzung von geschmolzenem glas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4410998A (en) 1983-10-18
DE3019133C2 (de) 1983-12-15
DE3019133A1 (de) 1981-11-26
EP0040395B1 (fr) 1985-09-18
EP0040395A3 (en) 1982-06-02
ATE15743T1 (de) 1985-10-15

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