EP0004544B1 - Elément interrupteur avec des positions d'arrêt - Google Patents

Elément interrupteur avec des positions d'arrêt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0004544B1
EP0004544B1 EP79100425A EP79100425A EP0004544B1 EP 0004544 B1 EP0004544 B1 EP 0004544B1 EP 79100425 A EP79100425 A EP 79100425A EP 79100425 A EP79100425 A EP 79100425A EP 0004544 B1 EP0004544 B1 EP 0004544B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
springs
contact carrier
detent
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79100425A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0004544A3 (en
EP0004544A2 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Karpe
Johannes Kluge
Klaus-Dieter Oemus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mannesmann Demag AG
Original Assignee
Mannesmann Demag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann Demag AG filed Critical Mannesmann Demag AG
Publication of EP0004544A2 publication Critical patent/EP0004544A2/fr
Publication of EP0004544A3 publication Critical patent/EP0004544A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0004544B1 publication Critical patent/EP0004544B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching element with a push button for axially displacing a contact carrier provided with contacts, which is guided in a housing and is acted upon by a return spring in the zero position, which also has locking points for locking bodies acted on by locking springs.
  • the switching element according to DE-OS 2 056 943 is a limit switch or limit switch and has only one switch-on and switch-off position and no further switch positions, as are required for switching different speeds of motors.
  • the contact carrier protrudes from the housing with one actuating end and can probably be actuated there directly by a machine part, but not by a finger or a thumb, because it suddenly jumps to another position when the dead position is exceeded, i.e. he suddenly gives in when he is impressed, which one can possibly still bear. When loosened, however, it experiences a sudden acceleration, which would have a painful impact on the finger or thumb.
  • Another, one-stage limit switch with a spring-loaded pushbutton in an upstream snap-action switching mechanism is known from DE-AS 1 190 088.
  • the positions of the snap switch are held by permanent magnets.
  • the snap switch actuates the electrical limit switch, the contacts of which are spring-loaded for rapid jumping. This is a very complex arrangement, which is only suitable for two switching positions and not for changes in speed.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an easy-to-use switching element with snap action for several switching positions.
  • This object is achieved in that the push button is supported on the contact carrier via a prestressing spring, on which the latching points for a plurality of switching points are arranged adjoining one another in the direction of movement of the contact carrier.
  • the operator presses the push button with his thumb and tensions the biasing spring.
  • the contact carrier jumps into the following switching position, the biasing spring being relaxed and the return spring being tensioned.
  • the back pressure of the push button on the thumb changes, but the push button does not suddenly disappear, which would be very unpleasantly noticeable.
  • the pretensioning spring is tensioned again, and the detent springs are compressed, which drive the contact carrier into the further switching position when the detent point is exceeded and thereby tension the return spring further, while the protrusion spring is relaxed again.
  • the rest areas are of different depths.
  • the resting point for the rest position is the deepest and therefore the most difficult to overcome.
  • a slight, unintentional tapping of the push button does not yet switch the engine on.
  • the rest stop for the 2nd stage, d. H. for overdrive, is flattest and can be quickly exited to the 1st stage when the pressure on the push button is released.
  • contacts are arranged in pairs in the contact carrier and the contacts of one switching position can be displaced relative to the contacts of the other switching position in the direction of movement of the contact carrier.
  • the contacts which are displaceable relative to one another, are supported on one another by contact springs and are guided in contact slots in the contact carrier in the direction of movement thereof.
  • one of the contacts that can be moved relative to one another is in contact with contact connections in such a way that a prestressing distance held by the return spring for the movement of the contact carrier is present between this contact and the associated contact stop of the contact carrier.
  • This preload distance enables the contact spring to be partially relaxed when the contact carrier is moved in the direction of release of the respectively closed contact. This relaxation is necessary because when the contact carrier jumps over from one position to the other, the contacts must suddenly be released from the contact connections. A tensioned contact spring would prevent this or at least make it more difficult.
  • the preload distance is greater than half the distance between the locking cams forming the locking points.
  • the force of the return spring is common sam act on the contact carrier, as well as the force of all contact springs and the effective on the locking cams of the contact carrier, its displacement-inhibiting force of the locking springs in the relaxed state of the springs weaker than the force of the biasing spring when it is tensioned.
  • the contact springs are released and the return springs are tensioned.
  • the contact springs tension again, while the return springs always remain tensioned when switched on. Their relaxation is prevented by the detent springs and the final pressure of the pretensioning spring, which is reduced by the switching path of the contact carrier.
  • the preload spring is so little preloaded that, despite the support from the detent springs, it is weaker than the force of the return springs, which temporarily also tension the two opposing detent springs.
  • pressure feet between the push button and the contact carrier which limit the approach of these parts. They keep the contacts of the first switching stage of the switching element functional even when the biasing spring breaks or becomes fatigued and inevitably cause the contact carrier to move.
  • the pressure feet are arranged on the push button and are guided in grooves in a hole guiding the push button, which has stop limits for the pressure feet in a cover plate screwed onto the base body, so that the push button is not pressed out of the switching element by the biasing spring.
  • the limit stops always keep the pretension spring on the push button under a small pretension. This arrangement enables easy mounting of the switching element with its built-in parts.
  • the contact connections and the contact carrier are inserted into the standing base body, and the pretensioning spring with the push button is placed on the contact carrier.
  • the cover plate with the hole is put over the push button and screwed to the base body.
  • the cover plate also holds U-profile pieces in guides of the base body for locking bodies pressed into the locking points by the locking springs.
  • Each U-profile piece has guide grooves on the inside of the flanges for pins of the latching body and for a thrust bearing present between the latter and the latching spring.
  • the profile piece also has a spring base with pins for the detent spring at the end opposite the detent body.
  • the contact connections are inserted in the grooves of the base body.
  • the switching element has a base body 1 and a cover plate 2 screwed on with screws 3 at the four corners and having a bore 2a with grooves 2c for pressure feet 4b of a push button 4, which is supported by a biasing spring 5 on a contact carrier 7 guided in the base body 1.
  • the switching element is fastened by screws 3a in a switch housing, not shown.
  • the screws a'-d 'of the upper contact connections a and c and the lower contact connections bund d can be seen.
  • the contact carrier 7 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is with its contacts A, B, C and D, when the push button 4 is not pressed, by two side-by-side return springs 6 which are supported on the base 1a of the base body 1 in the rest position held.
  • the push button 4 has a spring bore 4a for receiving the biasing spring 5 and two pressure feet 4b, which can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 6, by means of which the contact carrier 7 is actuated when the biasing spring 5 breaks.
  • the opening direction of movement of the push button 4 is limited by the prestressing stops 4c of the pushing feet 4b, which can be seen in FIG.
  • four contacts A, B, C and D are slidably mounted in the contact carrier 7 in the direction of movement of the contact carrier until they come into contact with contact stops 7b.
  • Two opposing contacts A and B or C and D are guided in contact slots 7a and are pressed apart by a contact spring 8, the contact stops 7b of the contact carrier 7 and the contact connections a-d defining the end positions.
  • a biasing distance 13 which is compensated for by the contact spring 8.
  • contact springs 8 there are spring bores 7c in the contact carrier 7, two of which simultaneously serve as a guide receptacle for the return springs 6 resting on the spring base 7d.
  • the contact carrier 7 has gem. Fig. 3 under the push button 4 an actuating button 7e with a spring guide lug 7f for the biasing spring 5 and three latching cams 7g one above the other on two opposite sides for two switching positions. Between the locking cams 7g and under the lower locking cams there are locking points of different depths for cylindrical locking bodies 10, which are always pressed into the locking points by locking springs 9 via intermediate pressure bearings 12. Each locking body 10 is guided with the thrust bearing 12 perpendicular to the contact carrier 7 in the grooves 11a shown in FIG. 7 of a U-shaped profile piece 11, on the spring base 11b of which on a pin 11c ge led detent spring 9 supports. The profile piece 11 rests with the spring base 11 b on an unrecognizable stop of the base body 1 and is secured by the cover plate 2 against jumping up.
  • Fig. 3 shows the switching element with its contacts in the switched-off position according to the section XX from Fig. 1.
  • the off contacts A and C are under the action of the contact springs 8 at the contact terminals a and c, while the contacts B and D are contactless .
  • the bias spring 5 and the return springs 6 are relaxed.
  • the locking body 10 are in the lower locking point.
  • Fig. 4 shows the switching element in the 1st switching stage.
  • the contact C was opened by moving the contact carrier 7 from its contact stop 7b.
  • Contact A is still under the action of its relaxed contact spring 8 on contact terminal a.
  • Contact B is at contact connection b and is therefore closed.
  • the return springs 6 are slightly tensioned.
  • the locking body 10 lie in the middle locking point.
  • Fig. 5 shows the switching element in the second switching stage with open contacts A and C and closed contacts B and D.
  • the return springs 6 and the contact springs 8 are strongly tensioned.
  • the locking body 10 are in the upper locking point.
  • the preload spring5 is only tensioned when the switching process is initiated. It relaxes again when the locking cams 7g have pushed the locking bodies 10 back against the pressure of the locking springs 9 and the locking bodies 10 reach the desired locking position.
  • the contact springs 8 and return springs 6 are so strong that they compress the biasing spring 5 when the pressure on the push button 4 decreases and also overcome the pressure of the detent springs 9 and thus gradually push the contacts A-D back into the switch-off points.
  • Fig. 8 shows in the diagram the switching path S and the switching force F with the path-force curves Y for switching on and Z for switching off the motor.
  • the switching points can be recognized by a sudden change in the switching force F and lie in the unstable range of the actuation path.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Elément de commutation comportant un bouton poussoir (4) pour la translation axiale d'un support de contact (7) muni de contacts, qui est guidé dans un boîtier et qui est rappelé en position de zéro par un ressort de rappel (6), qui comporte en outre des points d'encliquetage pour des corps d'encliquetage sollicités par des ressorts d'encliquetage, élément caractérisé en ce que le boton poussoir (4) s'appuie sur le support de contact (7) par l'intermédiaire d'un ressort de précontrainte (5), et ce support est muni des points d'encliquetage pour plusieurs positions de commutation adjacentes dans le sens de déplacement du support de contact (7).
2. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les points d'encliquetage ont une profondeur différente.
3. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des contacts sont prévus par paires sur le support de contact (7) et en ce que les contacts (A, C) ne peuvent être coulissés d'une position de commutation par rapport aux contacts (B, D) de l'autre position de commutation dans le sens de déplacement du support de contact (7).
4. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les contacts (A vers B et C vers D) coulissant relativement entre eux, sont appuyés les uns sur les autres par des ressorts de contact (8) et sont guidés dans des fentes de contact (7a) du support de contact (7), et en ce que chaque fois l'un (A, C) des contacts coulissant de façon relative entre eux s'appuie contre les bornes de contact (a, c) en position d'extrémité de détente du bouton poussoir (4), et entre ce contact (A, C) et la butée de contact (7b) correspondante du support de contact (7), il y a un intervalle de précontrainte (13) conservé par le ressort de rappel (6) pour le déplacement du support de contact (7).
5. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle de précontrainte (13) est supérieur à la moitié de la distance des cames d'encliquetage (7g) qui forment les points d'encliquetage.
6. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la forme des ressorts de rappel (6) ainsi que celle des ressorts de contact (8) et celle des ressorts d'encliquetage (9) agissant sur les cames d'encliquetage (7g) du support de contact (7) en retenant son déplacement, à l'état détendu des ressorts (6,8) est inférieur à la force du ressort de précontrainte (5) mais qui, à l'état détendu et malgré le renfort apporté par la force des ressorts (9) qui gênent le mouvement du support de contact (7) et des cames de contact (7g), est inférieur à la force des ressorts de rappel (6) et des ressorts de contact (8).
7. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des pattes de pression (4b) entre le bouton poussoir (4) et le support de contact (7), ces talons limitant le rapprochement de ces pièces.
8. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les pattes de pression (4b) sont prévus sur le bouton poussoir (4) et sont guidés dans des rainures (2c) d'un perçage (2a) qui guide les boutons poussoirs, ce perçage se trouvant dans une plaque de recouvrement (2) vissée sur le corps de base (1) et qui comporte des butées de limite de mouvement (2b) pour les pattes de pression (4b) retenant le bouton poussoir (4) contre la force du ressort de précontrainte (5) dans la plaque de recouvrement (2).
9. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans le corps de base 1, perpendiculairement au mouvement du support de contact (7) et à hauteur de ces points d'encliquetage, il est prévu de moyens de guidage (1a) pour des pièces profilées (11) dans lesquelles sont guidés les organes d'encliquetage (10) chargés par les ressorts d'encliquetage (9) dans les points d'encliquetage.
10. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque pièce profilée (11) est fixée dans un moyen de guidage (1a) du corps de base (1) et est bloqué en soulèvement par la plaque de recouvrement (2).
11. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la pièce profilée (11) a un profil en U et possède sur les côtés intérieurs des brides, des rainures (11a) pour les tourillons (10a) des organes d'encliquetage (10) ainsi que pour un palierde pression (12) prévu entre l'organe d'encliquetage et le ressort d'encliquetage (9), et en ce que la pièce profilée comporte à l'extrémité opposée un organe d'encliquetage (10), un fond élastique (11 b) et un goujon (11 c) pour les ressorts d'encliquetage (9).
12. Elément de commutation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pièces de contact (a, b, c, d) sont placées dans des rainures du corps de base.
EP79100425A 1978-04-10 1979-02-13 Elément interrupteur avec des positions d'arrêt Expired EP0004544B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2815493A DE2815493C3 (de) 1978-04-10 1978-04-10 Schaltelement
DE2815493 1978-04-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0004544A2 EP0004544A2 (fr) 1979-10-17
EP0004544A3 EP0004544A3 (en) 1979-10-31
EP0004544B1 true EP0004544B1 (fr) 1981-09-16

Family

ID=6036639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79100425A Expired EP0004544B1 (fr) 1978-04-10 1979-02-13 Elément interrupteur avec des positions d'arrêt

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4233479A (fr)
EP (1) EP0004544B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT377119B (fr)
DE (1) DE2815493C3 (fr)
DK (1) DK147079A (fr)
ES (1) ES479394A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO148796C (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4404445A (en) * 1982-07-30 1983-09-13 Allen-Bradley Company Pushbutton switch operator assembly
EP0216962A1 (fr) * 1985-07-26 1987-04-08 LRE RELAYS & ELECTRONICS LIMITED Commutateurs
GB2154797A (en) * 1984-01-16 1985-09-11 Lre Relays & Electronics Push button switches
DE3608569A1 (de) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-17 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Betaetigungselement mit einem betaetigungsstoessel fuer explosionsgeschuetztes elektrisches schaltgeraet
DE3641243A1 (de) * 1986-12-03 1988-06-09 Vdo Schindling Elektrischer sollwertgeber, insbesondere fuer eine elektronische gaspedal-anlage
US5213205A (en) * 1988-08-11 1993-05-25 Pittway Corporation Switch enclosure
GB0020983D0 (en) * 2000-08-26 2000-10-11 Honeywell Control Syst Limit switch
US6774509B2 (en) * 2002-01-30 2004-08-10 Defond Manufacturing Limited Electrical switch assembly
US7211758B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-05-01 Defond Components Limited Circuit interrupter that produces snap-action connection and disconnection between electrical contacts
FR2939236B1 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2011-04-29 Thales Sa Dispositif d'entree de donnee a sensation tactile amelioree

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1158955A (en) * 1914-11-19 1915-11-02 Apple Electric Company Switch.
US2347874A (en) * 1942-09-07 1944-05-02 Gen Motors Corp Electric switch
US2386162A (en) * 1942-10-17 1945-10-02 Robert Hetherington & Son Inc Single throw hill and valley switch
US2814681A (en) * 1954-04-05 1957-11-26 Furnas Electric Co Electric switch assemblage
FR1115515A (fr) * 1954-12-14 1956-04-25 App Et D Expl Des Etablissemen Dispositif mécanique de positionnement angulaire
FR1372234A (fr) * 1963-04-09 1964-09-11 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Commande à ressort pour appareils électriques de commutation
DE1277982B (de) * 1966-07-27 1968-09-19 Demag Zug Gmbh Taster oder Tastschalter mit wenigstens zwei einrastbaren Schaltstufen
DE2124537A1 (de) * 1971-05-18 1972-11-30 Kenk Geb Wirth I Elektrischer Stufenschalter für Beleuchtungskörper
CA1008116A (en) * 1973-04-18 1977-04-05 William H. Hayward Contact unit for attachment to an electromagnetically operated switch
US4029916A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-06-14 Northern Electric Company Limited Multi-contact push-button switch and plural embodiment for keyboard switch assembly
LU74330A1 (fr) * 1976-02-11 1977-08-19
US4154996A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-05-15 Mcgraw-Edison Company Positive break snap action switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0004544A3 (en) 1979-10-31
NO148796B (no) 1983-09-05
AT377119B (de) 1985-02-11
NO148796C (no) 1983-12-14
ATA262779A (de) 1984-06-15
DK147079A (da) 1979-10-11
EP0004544A2 (fr) 1979-10-17
NO791189L (no) 1979-10-11
ES479394A1 (es) 1980-01-01
DE2815493A1 (de) 1979-10-18
US4233479A (en) 1980-11-11
DE2815493C3 (de) 1981-01-22
DE2815493B2 (de) 1980-05-08

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