DE2752102C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dispersionen durch Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylestern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dispersionen durch Emulsionspolymerisation von VinylesternInfo
- Publication number
- DE2752102C2 DE2752102C2 DE2752102A DE2752102A DE2752102C2 DE 2752102 C2 DE2752102 C2 DE 2752102C2 DE 2752102 A DE2752102 A DE 2752102A DE 2752102 A DE2752102 A DE 2752102A DE 2752102 C2 DE2752102 C2 DE 2752102C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- good
- water
- viscosity
- dispersions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- XXURNZLYJUXXCF-HJWRWDBZSA-N (z)-4-octan-3-yloxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(CC)OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O XXURNZLYJUXXCF-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N butyl maleate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 7
- HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxidosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S[O-] HRKQOINLCJTGBK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- ISXSFOPKZQZDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O=C ISXSFOPKZQZDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SQEDZTDNVYVPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 SQEDZTDNVYVPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Natural products O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MGJURKDLIJVDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=C MGJURKDLIJVDEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PUOVWFUMXXODQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CC)=O.C(C)(=O)OC=C Chemical compound C(CC)=O.C(C)(=O)OC=C PUOVWFUMXXODQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IKJPSFXZDSWFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate ethenyl acetate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC=C.C(C=1C(C(=O)OCCCC)=CC=CC1)(=O)OCCCC IKJPSFXZDSWFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- DWFAZBOAFLGIHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate;ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C.CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C DWFAZBOAFLGIHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940017705 formaldehyde sulfoxylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002837 heart atrium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethanesulfinic acid Chemical compound OCS(O)=O SBGKURINHGJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F18/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid
- C08F18/02—Esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08F18/04—Vinyl esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT29601/76A IT1064497B (it) | 1976-11-22 | 1976-11-22 | Procedimento per la produzione di dispersioni di polimeri o copolimeri da esteri vinilici e/o esteri di acidi carbossilici |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2752102A1 DE2752102A1 (de) | 1978-05-24 |
| DE2752102C2 true DE2752102C2 (de) | 1982-11-04 |
Family
ID=11228080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2752102A Expired DE2752102C2 (de) | 1976-11-22 | 1977-11-22 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dispersionen durch Emulsionspolymerisation von Vinylestern |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT363683B (cs) |
| BE (1) | BE861061A (cs) |
| CH (1) | CH629227A5 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE2752102C2 (cs) |
| DK (1) | DK516177A (cs) |
| EG (1) | EG12967A (cs) |
| ES (1) | ES464654A1 (cs) |
| FI (1) | FI63247C (cs) |
| FR (1) | FR2392042A1 (cs) |
| GB (1) | GB1567704A (cs) |
| GR (1) | GR64097B (cs) |
| IE (1) | IE45992B1 (cs) |
| IT (1) | IT1064497B (cs) |
| LU (1) | LU78551A1 (cs) |
| NL (1) | NL7712817A (cs) |
| NO (1) | NO150318C (cs) |
| PT (1) | PT67300B (cs) |
| SE (1) | SE432103B (cs) |
| TR (1) | TR19944A (cs) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007044788A1 (de) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-02 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Herstellung von Vinylacetat-Vinylester-Mischpolymerisaten mit geringem Gehalt an hochsiedenden Vinylestern |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2998400A (en) * | 1958-05-15 | 1961-08-29 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Floc-free polyvinyl acetate emulsions employing polyvinylmethyl ether copolymer as prtective colloid and process of preparation |
| FR1441940A (fr) * | 1964-07-18 | 1966-06-10 | Hoechst Ag | Procédé de préparation de dispersions aqueuses de polymères de composés oléfiniques |
-
1976
- 1976-11-22 IT IT29601/76A patent/IT1064497B/it active
-
1977
- 1977-11-02 GR GR54696A patent/GR64097B/el unknown
- 1977-11-11 FI FI773416A patent/FI63247C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-16 EG EG647/77A patent/EG12967A/xx active
- 1977-11-17 TR TR19944A patent/TR19944A/xx unknown
- 1977-11-18 CH CH1415077A patent/CH629227A5/it not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-18 NO NO773948A patent/NO150318C/no unknown
- 1977-11-21 NL NL7712817A patent/NL7712817A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-11-21 LU LU78551A patent/LU78551A1/xx unknown
- 1977-11-21 GB GB48444/77A patent/GB1567704A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-11-21 DK DK516177A patent/DK516177A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-11-21 SE SE7713139A patent/SE432103B/sv unknown
- 1977-11-21 AT AT0832177A patent/AT363683B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-21 FR FR7734945A patent/FR2392042A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-11-21 PT PT67300A patent/PT67300B/pt unknown
- 1977-11-22 BE BE182819A patent/BE861061A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-11-22 DE DE2752102A patent/DE2752102C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-11-22 IE IE2367/77A patent/IE45992B1/en unknown
- 1977-11-22 ES ES464654A patent/ES464654A1/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI63247C (fi) | 1983-05-10 |
| SE432103B (sv) | 1984-03-19 |
| BE861061A (fr) | 1978-05-22 |
| DE2752102A1 (de) | 1978-05-24 |
| PT67300B (en) | 1979-04-20 |
| ES464654A1 (es) | 1978-09-01 |
| IE45992L (en) | 1978-05-22 |
| NO150318C (no) | 1984-09-26 |
| FI773416A7 (fi) | 1978-05-23 |
| FR2392042B1 (cs) | 1981-10-23 |
| IT1064497B (it) | 1985-02-18 |
| GB1567704A (en) | 1980-05-21 |
| PT67300A (en) | 1977-12-01 |
| NO150318B (no) | 1984-06-18 |
| FI63247B (fi) | 1983-01-31 |
| FR2392042A1 (fr) | 1978-12-22 |
| GR64097B (en) | 1980-01-22 |
| IE45992B1 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
| NL7712817A (nl) | 1978-05-24 |
| NO773948L (no) | 1978-05-23 |
| ATA832177A (de) | 1981-01-15 |
| DK516177A (da) | 1978-05-23 |
| LU78551A1 (cs) | 1978-04-13 |
| SE7713139L (sv) | 1978-05-23 |
| CH629227A5 (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| EG12967A (en) | 1980-03-31 |
| TR19944A (tr) | 1980-05-08 |
| AT363683B (de) | 1981-08-25 |
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