DE2459348C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE2459348C2 DE2459348C2 DE2459348A DE2459348A DE2459348C2 DE 2459348 C2 DE2459348 C2 DE 2459348C2 DE 2459348 A DE2459348 A DE 2459348A DE 2459348 A DE2459348 A DE 2459348A DE 2459348 C2 DE2459348 C2 DE 2459348C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fluorine
- catalyst
- catalysts
- hydrogel
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 176
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 17
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tungsten Chemical compound [Ni].[W] MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003058 platinum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
- C10G47/02—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G47/10—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used with catalysts deposited on a carrier
- C10G47/12—Inorganic carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/22—Halogenating
- B01J37/26—Fluorinating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NLAANVRAGE7317235,A NL177129C (nl) | 1973-12-17 | 1973-12-17 | Werkwijze voor het katalytisch behandelen van koolwaterstoffen met waterstof in aanwezigheid van een fluorhoudende nikkel-wolfraamkatalysator op alumina als drager. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2459348A1 DE2459348A1 (de) | 1975-06-19 |
| DE2459348C2 true DE2459348C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1990-05-31 |
Family
ID=19820216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742459348 Granted DE2459348A1 (de) | 1973-12-17 | 1974-12-16 | Verfahren zur katalytischen umwandlung von kohlenwasserstoffen |
Country Status (15)
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7611940A (nl) * | 1976-10-28 | 1978-05-03 | Shell Int Research | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van smeerolien. |
| US4197187A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1980-04-08 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Hydrocarbon conversion |
| EP0108438B1 (en) | 1982-11-01 | 1986-11-20 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for the conversion of hydrocarbon oils |
| GB8518940D0 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1985-09-04 | Shell Int Research | Manufacture of lubricating base oils |
| US5098551A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-03-24 | Bertaux Jean Marie A | Process for the manufacture of lubricating base oils |
| BR9307322A (pt) * | 1992-10-28 | 1999-06-01 | Shell Int Research | Processo para a preparação de um óleo base lubrificante e catalisador |
| US5643440A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1997-07-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Production of high viscosity index lubricants |
| US6217747B1 (en) | 1993-07-22 | 2001-04-17 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for selective wax hydrocracking |
| JP5057603B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-01 | 2012-10-24 | 昭和シェル石油株式会社 | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
| TWI277649B (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2007-04-01 | Shell Int Research | Process to prepare a base oil from slack-wax |
| JP2006509091A (ja) | 2002-12-09 | 2006-03-16 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 粘度指数が８０〜１４０の基油を製造する方法 |
| BR0317133A (pt) | 2002-12-09 | 2005-10-25 | Shell Int Research | Processo para preparar um lubrificante |
| WO2017111081A1 (ja) | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 出光興産株式会社 | 鉱油系基油、潤滑油組成物、内燃機関、及び内燃機関の潤滑方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1398384A (en) * | 1971-07-07 | 1975-06-18 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of lubricating oil with a high viscosity index |
-
1973
- 1973-12-17 NL NLAANVRAGE7317235,A patent/NL177129C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1974
- 1974-11-12 CA CA213,452A patent/CA1036178A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-09 BE BE1006316A patent/BE823095A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-16 BR BR10479/74A patent/BR7410479D0/pt unknown
- 1974-12-16 DE DE19742459348 patent/DE2459348A1/de active Granted
- 1974-12-16 FR FR7441351A patent/FR2254627B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-12-16 DD DD183079A patent/DD118115A5/xx unknown
- 1974-12-16 SE SE7415791A patent/SE415029B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-16 AT AT1001274A patent/AT338398B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-16 AR AR256921A patent/AR227368A1/es active
- 1974-12-16 GB GB54258/74A patent/GB1493620A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-16 NO NO744520A patent/NO144853C/no unknown
- 1974-12-16 JP JP49143580A patent/JPS6022039B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-12-16 IT IT30616/74A patent/IT1030914B/it active
- 1974-12-17 ZA ZA00748021A patent/ZA748021B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO144853C (no) | 1981-11-25 |
| AR227368A1 (es) | 1982-10-29 |
| GB1493620A (en) | 1977-11-30 |
| BE823095A (nl) | 1975-06-09 |
| JPS5092303A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-07-23 |
| ZA748021B (en) | 1976-01-28 |
| CA1036178A (en) | 1978-08-08 |
| NO744520L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-07-14 |
| BR7410479D0 (pt) | 1975-09-16 |
| NL177129B (nl) | 1985-03-01 |
| FR2254627B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-10-22 |
| NO144853B (no) | 1981-08-17 |
| AU7644674A (en) | 1976-06-17 |
| DD118115A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-02-12 |
| SE415029B (sv) | 1980-09-01 |
| DE2459348A1 (de) | 1975-06-19 |
| FR2254627A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-07-11 |
| NL7317235A (nl) | 1975-06-19 |
| JPS6022039B2 (ja) | 1985-05-30 |
| IT1030914B (it) | 1979-04-10 |
| NL177129C (nl) | 1985-08-01 |
| SE7415791L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-06-18 |
| ATA1001274A (de) | 1976-12-15 |
| AT338398B (de) | 1977-08-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| 8126 | Change of the secondary classification |
Ipc: C10G 47/20 |
|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |