DE2154458C3 - Verfahren zum Färben von Polypeptidfasern und dafür geeignete Gemische - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Färben von Polypeptidfasern und dafür geeignete GemischeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2154458C3 DE2154458C3 DE2154458A DE2154458A DE2154458C3 DE 2154458 C3 DE2154458 C3 DE 2154458C3 DE 2154458 A DE2154458 A DE 2154458A DE 2154458 A DE2154458 A DE 2154458A DE 2154458 C3 DE2154458 C3 DE 2154458C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- bath
- dyeing
- minutes
- hydroxy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 5
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 title claims description 5
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyoxy Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylphenol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O CYEJMVLDXAUOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWZSNQOXFMAZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=NN(C(O)=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(=CC(C)=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)S(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound CC1=NN(C(O)=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(=CC(C)=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)S(O)(=O)=O PWZSNQOXFMAZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950011260 betanaphthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PTHFXGJFVOYJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;naphthalene Chemical compound [Cr].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 PTHFXGJFVOYJML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000434 metal complex dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000983 mordant dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
- D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
- D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
- D06P1/6076—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives addition products of amines and alkylene oxides or oxiranes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
- D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
- D06P1/6135—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from aromatic alcohols or from phenols, naphthols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/06—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using acid dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8209—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing amide groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/001—Special chemical aspects of printing textile materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/916—Natural fiber dyeing
- Y10S8/917—Wool or silk
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7039457A FR2112097B1 (en:Method) | 1970-11-03 | 1970-11-03 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2154458A1 DE2154458A1 (de) | 1972-05-10 |
DE2154458B2 DE2154458B2 (de) | 1980-10-09 |
DE2154458C3 true DE2154458C3 (de) | 1981-08-13 |
Family
ID=9063663
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2154458A Expired DE2154458C3 (de) | 1970-11-03 | 1971-11-02 | Verfahren zum Färben von Polypeptidfasern und dafür geeignete Gemische |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3765831A (en:Method) |
JP (1) | JPS5755827B1 (en:Method) |
AT (1) | AT320577B (en:Method) |
BE (1) | BE774165A (en:Method) |
CA (1) | CA948355A (en:Method) |
CH (2) | CH559819A (en:Method) |
DE (1) | DE2154458C3 (en:Method) |
FR (1) | FR2112097B1 (en:Method) |
GB (1) | GB1375209A (en:Method) |
IT (1) | IT945783B (en:Method) |
NL (1) | NL160895C (en:Method) |
SE (1) | SE383004B (en:Method) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2314938C3 (de) * | 1973-03-26 | 1980-06-12 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Stabile, lagerfähige, wäßrige Dispersionen von primären aromatischen Aminen und deren Verwendung |
LU76632A1 (en:Method) * | 1977-01-24 | 1978-09-13 | ||
CH644977GA3 (en:Method) * | 1977-08-11 | 1984-09-14 | ||
US4339238A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1982-07-13 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Stable aqueous formulations of stilbene fluorescent whitening agents |
US4340388A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1982-07-20 | Monsanto Company | Dyeing of textile materials |
CH668981A5 (de) * | 1985-06-27 | 1989-02-15 | Sandoz Ag | Badstabile zubereitungen von wasserloeslichen metallkomplexfarbstoffen. |
US5846923A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 1998-12-08 | Rhodia Inc. | Polyamphoteric phosphate ester surfactants |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB808647A (en) * | 1955-12-09 | 1959-02-11 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the fast dyeing of nitrogenous fibers with water-soluble metal-containing azo dyestuffs and acid milling dyestuffs |
US3104931A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1963-09-24 | Ciba Geigy Corp | Process for dyeing wool |
NL300987A (en:Method) * | 1962-11-27 | |||
CH465553A (de) * | 1965-09-09 | 1968-06-14 | Ciba Geigy | Verfahren zum Färben von stickstoffhaltigen Textilfasern mit Wollfarbstoffen |
-
1970
- 1970-11-03 FR FR7039457A patent/FR2112097B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-10-19 BE BE774165A patent/BE774165A/xx unknown
- 1971-10-27 NL NL7114766.A patent/NL160895C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-02 GB GB5082171A patent/GB1375209A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-02 AT AT941771A patent/AT320577B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-02 US US00195019A patent/US3765831A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-11-02 JP JP46086837A patent/JPS5755827B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-11-02 DE DE2154458A patent/DE2154458C3/de not_active Expired
- 1971-11-03 CH CH1599971A patent/CH559819A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-03 SE SE7114045A patent/SE383004B/xx unknown
- 1971-11-03 CH CH1599971D patent/CH1599971A4/xx unknown
- 1971-11-03 CA CA126,808*7A patent/CA948355A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-03 IT IT70613/71A patent/IT945783B/it active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5755827B1 (en:Method) | 1982-11-26 |
FR2112097A1 (en:Method) | 1972-06-16 |
AU3531071A (en) | 1973-05-10 |
SE383004B (sv) | 1976-02-23 |
FR2112097B1 (en:Method) | 1975-03-21 |
CH559819B5 (en:Method) | |
NL7114766A (en:Method) | 1972-05-05 |
US3765831A (en) | 1973-10-16 |
IT945783B (it) | 1973-05-10 |
DE2154458A1 (de) | 1972-05-10 |
CA948355A (en) | 1974-06-04 |
GB1375209A (en:Method) | 1974-11-27 |
DE2154458B2 (de) | 1980-10-09 |
CH1599971A4 (en:Method) | 1974-09-30 |
NL160895C (nl) | 1979-12-17 |
AT320577B (de) | 1975-02-25 |
NL160895B (nl) | 1979-07-16 |
BE774165A (fr) | 1972-04-19 |
CH559819A (fr) | 1975-03-14 |
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