DE2141985A1 - Rieselfaehige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare lactam-katalysator-aktivatorgemische - Google Patents
Rieselfaehige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare lactam-katalysator-aktivatorgemischeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2141985A1 DE2141985A1 DE2141985A DE2141985A DE2141985A1 DE 2141985 A1 DE2141985 A1 DE 2141985A1 DE 2141985 A DE2141985 A DE 2141985A DE 2141985 A DE2141985 A DE 2141985A DE 2141985 A1 DE2141985 A1 DE 2141985A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- lactam
- activator
- stable
- storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012690 ionic polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 ^ -Caprolactam Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WJWAWHQJIVUVGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-cyclohexyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC1CCCCC1 WJWAWHQJIVUVGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000095 alkaline earth hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940051881 anilide analgesics and antipyretics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YDLSUFFXJYEVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azonan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCN1 YDLSUFFXJYEVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGGHZTWWVJKFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-cyclohexyldocosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC1CCCCC1 YGGHZTWWVJKFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentatriacontan-18-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DMCJFWXGXUEHFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical class C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCZUGMNWRQGHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecylisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)C2=C1 BCZUGMNWRQGHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNIUHBNRWZGIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxy-4-methylchromen-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(OP(=S)(OCC)OCC)=CC=C21 KNIUHBNRWZGIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJSKFOKNURZNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(C=C1)=CC=C1O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(C=C1)=CC=C1O JJSKFOKNURZNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Civetone Natural products O=C1CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC1 ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003931 anilides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RPKLZQLYODPWTM-KBMWBBLPSA-N cholanoic acid Chemical compound C1CC2CCCC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RPKLZQLYODPWTM-KBMWBBLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UPHRSURJSA-N civetone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCC1 ZKVZSBSZTMPBQR-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005354 coacervation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALBYIUDWACNRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanamide Chemical compound CCCCCC(N)=O ALBYIUDWACNRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012693 lactam polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOSILEXHUBACKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecylacetamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(C)=O NOSILEXHUBACKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004707 phenolate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MOMGDEWWZBKDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2h-azepin-7-olate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1CCCCC[N-]1 MOMGDEWWZBKDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SUBJHSREKVAVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;methanol;methanolate Chemical compound [Na+].OC.[O-]C SUBJHSREKVAVAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
- C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
- C08G69/18—Anionic polymerisation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2141985A DE2141985A1 (de) | 1971-08-21 | 1971-08-21 | Rieselfaehige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare lactam-katalysator-aktivatorgemische |
| AT192572A AT320980B (de) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-08 | Rieselfähige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare Lactam-Katalysator-Aktivator-Gemische |
| US00232903A US3790516A (en) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-08 | Pourable,storable,polymerizable lactam-catalyst-activator composition |
| CA136,525A CA1005190A (en) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-08 | Pourable, storable, polymerisable lactam-catalyst-activator |
| JP47023243A JPS4830795A (enExample) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-08 | |
| GB1094172A GB1379953A (en) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-09 | Pourable storable polymerisable lactam-catalyst-activator mixture |
| IT48887/72A IT954353B (it) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-10 | Miscele polimerizzabili di latta me catalizzatore attivatore e pro cedimento per la loro produzione ed applicazione |
| BE780499A BE780499A (fr) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-10 | Melanges de lactame, de catalyseur et d'activateur polymerisables pouvant couler et etre conserves |
| NL7203240A NL7203240A (enExample) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-10 | |
| FR7208504A FR2150284A1 (enExample) | 1971-08-21 | 1972-03-10 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2141985A DE2141985A1 (de) | 1971-08-21 | 1971-08-21 | Rieselfaehige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare lactam-katalysator-aktivatorgemische |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2141985A1 true DE2141985A1 (de) | 1973-03-15 |
Family
ID=5817415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2141985A Pending DE2141985A1 (de) | 1971-08-21 | 1971-08-21 | Rieselfaehige, lagerstabile, polymerisierbare lactam-katalysator-aktivatorgemische |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3790516A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS4830795A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | AT320980B (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE780499A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1005190A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2141985A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2150284A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1379953A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT954353B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7203240A (enExample) |
-
1971
- 1971-08-21 DE DE2141985A patent/DE2141985A1/de active Pending
-
1972
- 1972-03-08 JP JP47023243A patent/JPS4830795A/ja active Pending
- 1972-03-08 US US00232903A patent/US3790516A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-03-08 AT AT192572A patent/AT320980B/de active
- 1972-03-08 CA CA136,525A patent/CA1005190A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-09 GB GB1094172A patent/GB1379953A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-10 NL NL7203240A patent/NL7203240A/xx unknown
- 1972-03-10 IT IT48887/72A patent/IT954353B/it active
- 1972-03-10 BE BE780499A patent/BE780499A/xx unknown
- 1972-03-10 FR FR7208504A patent/FR2150284A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS4830795A (enExample) | 1973-04-23 |
| IT954353B (it) | 1973-08-30 |
| FR2150284A1 (enExample) | 1973-04-06 |
| GB1379953A (en) | 1975-01-08 |
| NL7203240A (enExample) | 1973-02-23 |
| US3790516A (en) | 1974-02-05 |
| BE780499A (fr) | 1972-09-11 |
| CA1005190A (en) | 1977-02-08 |
| AT320980B (de) | 1975-03-10 |
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