DE2125094B2 - Schmierfette - Google Patents

Schmierfette

Info

Publication number
DE2125094B2
DE2125094B2 DE19712125094 DE2125094A DE2125094B2 DE 2125094 B2 DE2125094 B2 DE 2125094B2 DE 19712125094 DE19712125094 DE 19712125094 DE 2125094 A DE2125094 A DE 2125094A DE 2125094 B2 DE2125094 B2 DE 2125094B2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
weight
lubricating
thiophosphoric acid
lubricating greases
percent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19712125094
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE2125094C3 (de
DE2125094A1 (de
Inventor
William David Moore Howard Daniel Chester Macphail Alexander Colquhoun Barr Wirral Cheshire Carswell, (Großbritannien)
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maat schappij BV, Den Haag (Niederlande)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maat schappij BV, Den Haag (Niederlande) filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maat schappij BV, Den Haag (Niederlande)
Publication of DE2125094A1 publication Critical patent/DE2125094A1/de
Publication of DE2125094B2 publication Critical patent/DE2125094B2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2125094C3 publication Critical patent/DE2125094C3/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
    • C10M137/105—Thio derivatives not containing metal
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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    • C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
    • C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C10M117/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/20—Compounds containing nitrogen
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
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    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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Description

35
Schmierfette enthalten außer dem Basisöl und einem geeigneten Verdickungsmittel die verschiedensten Zusatzstoffe, um die Funktion des Schmierfettes zu verbessern, wie z. B. Korrosionsinhibitoren, Hochdruckzusätze, Antiverschleißmittel und Rostschutzmittel. Als Rostschutzmittel werden vielfach Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrite empfohlen.
In der Praxis hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß die Mitverwendung solcher Nitrite neue Probleme mit sich bringt, insbesondere wenn die Schmierfette gleichzeitig bestimmte Oxydationsinhibitoren bzw. Antiverschleißmittel enthalten, wie Dialkyldithiophosphate. Die Schmierfette neigen dann nämlich zu einer Verfärbung, und beider Lagerung bei 8O0C können sich nitroseGase entwickeln.
Außerdem wurde eine Verschlechterung der Oxydationsbeständigkeit festgestellt.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es daher, diese Mängel zu beseitigen und Schmierfette zur Verfugung zu stellen, bei denen trotz Mitverwendung von Erdalkali- bzw. Alkalinitriten als Rostschutzmittel keine oder nur eine minimale Verfärbung auftritt, die Bildung nitroser Gase unterbunden wird und außerdem ein befriedigendes do Vorhalten in bezug auf die Oxydationsbeständigkeit zu beobachten ist.
Überraschenderweise kann diese Aufgabe durch die Mitverwendung eines bestimmten Typs von Zusatzstoff gelöst werden, der mit den Alkali- bzw. Erdalkalinitriten ft5 in synergistischer Weise zusammenwirkt.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfette, bestehend aus Mineralschmierölen oder synthetischen Schmierölen, einem Verdickungsmittel und Zusatzstoffen, sind demgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie /.!Nützlich mindestens einen Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester und mindestens ein Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrit enthalten.
Es ist zwar an sich bekannt, daß Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester in Schmierölen als Antioxydationsmittel eingesetzt werden können, doch ließ sich aus diesem Sachverhalt nicht ableiten, daß diese Art von Zusatzstoff eine synergistische Wirkung in bezug auf das Verhalten von Alkali- und Erdalkalinitriten bei der Lagerung bzw. bei der Prüfung der Oxydationsstabilkäi ausüben würde.
Die Schmierfette der Erfindung können als Basisöle Mineralschmieröle oder synthetische Schmieröle enthalten. Es kann dabei jedes beliebige Mineralschmieröl, das herkömmlich zur Schmierfettherstellung eingesetzt wird, verwendet werden. Das Schmieröl kann im raffinierten, nicht-raffinierten oder halb-raffinierten Zustand vorliegen und ein paraffin-, naphthen- oder asphaltbasisches Mineralöl mit einer Viskosität (37,8°C) von etwa 50 bis 4000 SUS sein. Gegebenenfalls werden auch Gemische geeigneter Basisöle verwendet.
Als synthetische Schmieröle geeignet sind beispielsweise Ester aliphatischer Dicarbonsäuren, deren Alkoholkomponente eine aliphatische Q-u-Kohlenwasserstoffkette aufweist und deren Carbonsäurekomponente 6 bis 12 C-Atome enthält, insbesondere Sebacinsäurediisooctylester, Adipinsäurediisooctylester und Sebacin säuredi-(2-äthylhexyl)-ester. Synthetische Öle auf der Grundlage von Kohlenwasserstoffen, welche durch katalytische Hydrierung von olefinischen Ausgangsmaterialien, vorzugsweise OirOlefinen, hergestellt werden, sind ebenfalls verwendbar.
Weitere geeignete Basisöle sind polymere Oxyalkylenverbindungen, wie Polypropylenoxid, Copolymere von Propylenoxid mit Äthylenoxid oder Polymere von Glykolen, z. B. von Trimethylenglykol, sowie die hochsiedenden flüssigen organischen siliciumhaltigen Polymere, z. B. die flüssigen Polymethylenphenylsiloxane und Polymethylsiloxane bzw. entsprechende Gemische sowie Copolymere von Methylphenylsiloxan und Methylsiloxan. Als Basisöle bevorzugt werden Mineralschmieröle.
Als Verdickungsmittel eignen sich für die erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfette beliebige herkömmlich für diesen Zweck eingesetzte Tone oder z. B. Alkali- oder Erdalkaliseifen bzw. Seife/Salz-Komplexe. Das Metallion der eingesetzten Seife kann somit ein Natrium-, Kalium-, Calcium-, Barium- oder Strontiumion sein und ist vorzugsweise ein Lithiumion.
Der Fettsäurerest der als Verdickungsmittel verwendeten Seife kann sich von jeder beliebigen Fettsäure, deren Befähigung zur Bildung eines für die Schmierfettherstellung geeigneten Seife/Salz-Komplexes bekannt ist, einem Fettsäuregemisch oder einem Gemisch von Fettsäuren mit anderen Säuren, wie Essig- oder Benzoesäure, ableiten. Die Fettsäuren können gesättigt, wie Myristin-, Palmitin- oder Stearinsäure, oder ungesättigt sein, wie ölsäure. Ferner können die Fettsäuren substituiert sein. Besonders geeignete Verdickungsmittel leiten sich von 12-Hydroxystearinsäure ab. Im allgemeinen werden in der Praxis Seifen verwendet, welche sich von handelsüblichen Gemischen von Fettsäuren oder Fettsäureglyceriden ableiten.
Von den erfindungsgemäß als synergistisch wirkender Zusatzstoff eingesetzten Thiophosphorsäuretriarylestern werden jene bevorzugt, welche pro Arylrest 6 bis
10 C-Atome aufweisen, Die drei Arylrcsic eines Esters können sich voneinander unterscheiden, es sind jedoch vorzugsweise gleiche Reste, Anstelle einzelner Ester können auch Estergemischc verwendet werden. Als Arylieste der Ester werden gegebenenfalls substituierte Phenylgruppen bevorzugt. Spezielle Beispiele für erfindungsgemäß geeignete Thiophosphorsäurctriarylester sind Thiophosphorsäuretritolyl- und -trixylylcsicr. Bevorzugt verwendet wird jedoch Thiophosphorsäuretriphenylester. Unter »Thiophosphorsäure« ist hier die Säure der Formel (HO)jPS zu verstehen. Die vorgenannten Thiophosphorsäuretriarylesier können in den erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfetten in Anteilen von 0,1 bis 10 Prozent und vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 3 Prozent, bezogen auf das fertige Schmierfett, enthalten sein.
Die Thiophosphorsäurelriarylester können den Schmierfetten als einziger Oxidationsinhibitor, Hochdruckzusatz bzw. einziges Antiverschlcißmittel zugesetzt werden. Wegen ihres hohen Preises werden sie dem Schmierfett jedoch vorzugsweise gemeinsam nil anderen Oxidationsinhibitoren. Antiverschleißmilteln oder Hochdruckzusätzen zugesetzt.
Alkali- und/oder Erdalkaünitritc können in den erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfetten in Anteilen von 0,5 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise von I bis 5 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das fertige Schmierfett, enthalten sein.
Die Schmierfette der Erfindung können nach jeder beliebigen herkömmlichen Methode hergestellt werden, welche allgemein für die Schmierfctthcrslcllung geeignet ist. Zweckmäßig wird der Thiophosphorsäuretriarylesier — insbesondere in Form einer Ullösung — in der abschließenden Kühlstufe zugesetzt, nachdem sich die Fettstruktur bereits im wesentlichen ausgebildet hat. Man kann den Thiophosphorsäuretriarylesier dem Schmierfett bei Temperaturen unterhalb 1500C zusetzen. Vorzugsweise wird die Esiercinvcrleibung unterhalb 80" C durchgeführt.
Die Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung.
Bc is ρ i e Ie 1 bis7
Es werden Schmierfette unter Verwendung verschiedener bekannter Oxydationsinhibitor/Anliverschleiß/ Hochdruck-Zusatzstoffe hergestellt und ihr Verhalten bei der Schmierung von Wälzlagern (SKF-R2F-Rig Test; Prüfbedingungen B bei 1200C), hinsichtlich der Lagerungsbeständigkeit bei 800C und bezüglich der Oxydalionsbeständigkeit (Bomb Oxydation Test IP 142) mit einem entsprechenden Schmierfett, das jedoch einen Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester enthält, verglichen. Die Ergebnisse sind aus der Tabelle ersichtlich.
Tabelle
Beispiel Basisschmierfett
+ Zusatzstoff
Lagerprüfung*) 40 Tage Lagerung bei 3OX
Farbänderung nitrose Case
Oxydations-Prüfung**)
100 h, 200 h,
Druckabfall Druckabfall
kg/cm2 kg/cm2
1 Keiner 8 V leicht keine 0,28 0,84
2 2 Gew.-% Dialkyldithiophosphat
3 2 Gew.-% Blei-diamyl- 2 B stark ja 0,7 1,68 dithiocarbamat
4 2 Gew.-% Produkt A***) 2 B leicht keine 0,49 1,4
5 2 Gew.-% Blei-dinonylnaphthalinsulfonat
6 2 Gew.-% Produkt B****) 2 B deutlich keine 0,49 1,68
7 0,3 Gew.-% Thiophosphor- 11 B/V leicht keine 0,28 0,7 säuretriphenylester
*) SKF-R2P Rig Test; Prüfbedingungcn B: 1500 UpM; 489 h; etwa 848 kg Radialbelastung; 120 C; 60 mm Hub; doppel
reihiges Kugelwalzlager
Bewertung: V = Versagen, B = Bestehen;
**) Bomb Oxidation Test IP 142.
***) Das Produkt A wird als ein P2S5-Reaktionsprodukt eines Terpens, eines chlorierten Wachses und eines
Bis-chloraryldisulfids angesehen (Handelsprodukt).
****) Das Produkt B (Hanclelsprodukt) ist ein chlorhaltiges Xanthogenat.
8V leicht keine 0,28
2B deutlich ja -
2B stark ja 0,7
2B leicht keine 0,49
2B deutlich ja -
2 B deutlich keine 0,49
U B/V leicht keine 0,28
Das Basisschmierfett enthält jeweils etwa 10 Ge- do umnitrit in einem Basisöl mit einem VIi; von etwa 85 und
wichtsprozent der Lithiumseife von hydriertem Rizinus- CInCrRCdWOOd-NrM-I-ViSkOSiIaI(OO0C)VOn 125Sekun-
öl, 1 Gewichtsprozent Phenyl-«-nap'nthylamin, 1 Ge- den. widitsDrozent Rizinusöl und 2 Gewichtsprozent Natri-

Claims (6)

Patentansprüche:
1. Schmierfette, bestehend aus Mineralschmicrölen oder synthetischen Schmierölen, einem Venlik- S kungsmittel und Zusatzstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich mindestens einen Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester und mindestens ein Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrit enthalten.
2. Schmierfette nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester enthalten, der pro Arylrest 6 bis !0 C-Atome aufweist.
3. Schmierfette nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester enthalten, der drei gleiche Arylrestc aufweist.
4. Schmierfette nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester einen Thiophosphorsäuretriphenylesfer enthalten.
5. Schmierfette nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 0,1 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 3 Gewichtsprozent Thiophosphorsäuretriarylester, jeweils bezogen auf das Gewicht des fertigen Schmierfettes, enthalten.
6. Schmierfette nach den Ansprüchen I bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 0,5 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise I bis 5 Gewichtsprozent Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitrite, jeweils bezogen auf das Gewicht des fertigen Schmierfettes, enthalten.
DE2125094A 1970-05-21 1971-05-19 Schmierfette Expired DE2125094C3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2463570 1970-05-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2125094A1 DE2125094A1 (de) 1971-12-02
DE2125094B2 true DE2125094B2 (de) 1977-07-14
DE2125094C3 DE2125094C3 (de) 1978-03-02

Family

ID=10214831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2125094A Expired DE2125094C3 (de) 1970-05-21 1971-05-19 Schmierfette

Country Status (13)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5347365B1 (de)
AR (1) AR209249A1 (de)
AT (1) AT319448B (de)
BE (1) BE767049A (de)
CA (1) CA952088A (de)
CH (1) CH556383A (de)
DE (1) DE2125094C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2090189B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1345522A (de)
IT (1) IT941407B (de)
NL (1) NL169345C (de)
SE (1) SE370719B (de)
ZA (1) ZA713263B (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5256321A (en) * 1992-07-10 1993-10-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Grease compositions
US5362409A (en) * 1992-07-10 1994-11-08 The Lubrizol Corporation Grease compositions
JP3001171B2 (ja) * 1993-05-25 2000-01-24 昭和シェル石油株式会社 ウレアグリース組成物
JPH07197072A (ja) * 1993-12-29 1995-08-01 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk 等速ジョイント用グリース組成物
ES2154317T3 (es) * 1994-02-11 2001-04-01 Lubrizol Corp Fluido hidraulico exento de metal con una sal de amina.
JPH08157859A (ja) * 1994-12-02 1996-06-18 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk 潤滑グリース組成物
US6100226A (en) * 1998-05-20 2000-08-08 The Lubrizol Corporation Simple metal grease compositions

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL71729C (de) * 1948-06-01

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2090189A1 (de) 1972-01-14
BE767049A (nl) 1971-11-12
GB1345522A (de) 1974-01-30
AR209249A1 (es) 1977-04-15
NL7106859A (de) 1971-11-23
DE2125094C3 (de) 1978-03-02
IT941407B (it) 1973-03-01
ZA713263B (en) 1972-01-26
AT319448B (de) 1974-12-27
SE370719B (de) 1974-10-28
FR2090189B1 (de) 1974-08-19
DE2125094A1 (de) 1971-12-02
NL169345B (nl) 1982-02-01
JPS5347365B1 (de) 1978-12-20
NL169345C (nl) 1982-07-01
CA952088A (en) 1974-07-30
CH556383A (de) 1974-11-29

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