DE1594621B2 - Schmiermittelgemische - Google Patents
SchmiermittelgemischeInfo
- Publication number
- DE1594621B2 DE1594621B2 DE19661594621 DE1594621A DE1594621B2 DE 1594621 B2 DE1594621 B2 DE 1594621B2 DE 19661594621 DE19661594621 DE 19661594621 DE 1594621 A DE1594621 A DE 1594621A DE 1594621 B2 DE1594621 B2 DE 1594621B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- triazole
- lubricant
- ester
- amino
- phenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 15
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000000178 1,2,4-triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 8
- GHUDJFJZFUVPIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=NNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GHUDJFJZFUVPIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 150000002990 phenothiazines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003336 secondary aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000003435 aroyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydro-1h-triazole Chemical compound N1NC=CN1 SNTWKPAKVQFCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TZLDNVUKHFRJDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NC(N)=NN1 TZLDNVUKHFRJDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLMXGBDXGVPHRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-heptyl-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=NC(N)=NN1 YLMXGBDXGVPHRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=CC2=NNN=C21 LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NYMLZIFRPNYAHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1h-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=NNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 NYMLZIFRPNYAHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amitrole Chemical group NC1=NC=NN1 KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004966 cyanoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000000182 1,3,5-triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BIJMTMUECQSXDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzyl-3,7-dioctylphenothiazine Chemical compound C12=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C2SC2=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C2N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BIJMTMUECQSXDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-1,2,3-Triazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNN=1 QWENRTYMTSOGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010494 opalescence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002921 oxetanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000000177 1,2,3-triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPWHSFAFEBZWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl radical Chemical compound [CH2]CCC WPWHSFAFEBZWBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCQKBIIYEXTNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(2-methylphenyl)-3,7-dioctylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1(=C(C=CC=C1)N1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC)C GCQKBIIYEXTNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURYUHUCXVVDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-(8-ethyl-2,2,4-trimethyldodecan-6-yl)oxy-10-oxodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CC(CC(C)CC(C)(C)C)OC(CCCCCCCCC(O)=O)=O DURYUHUCXVVDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKWBNVBRPXZHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzyl-3,7-di(propan-2-yloxy)phenothiazine Chemical compound C12=CC=C(OC(C)C)C=C2SC2=CC(OC(C)C)=CC=C2N1CC1=CC=CC=C1 GKWBNVBRPXZHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOFGTWWSMQAGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzyl-3,7-dibutoxyphenothiazine Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)OCCCC)OCCCC JOFGTWWSMQAGNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTQRBWZPXNWJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-benzyl-3,7-dibutylphenothiazine Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCC)CCCC HTQRBWZPXNWJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLRHLVXRUYFESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-butyl-3,7-dioctylphenothiazine Chemical compound C(CCC)N1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC YLRHLVXRUYFESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZYRSLHNPKPEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1-butanol Chemical compound CCC(CC)CO TZYRSLHNPKPEFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXURGFRDGROIKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(chloromethyl)oxetane Chemical compound ClCC1(CCl)COC1 CXURGFRDGROIKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJGWNWVESRWWQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioctyl-10-phenylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC JJGWNWVESRWWQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOGAICZMKGACPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,7-dioctylphenothiazin-10-yl)propanenitrile Chemical compound C(#N)CCN1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LOGAICZMKGACPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2h-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C(Br)=NNC2=C1 NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMLKJBVMUGVWBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,7-dioctylphenothiazin-10-yl)butanenitrile Chemical compound C(#N)CCCN1C2=CC=C(C=C2SC=2C=C(C=CC12)CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC NMLKJBVMUGVWBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSYHLAOXGCCECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(3,7-dioctylphenothiazin-10-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C2SC3=CC(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C3N(CCCCC#N)C2=C1 VSYHLAOXGCCECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUOJWWPOIXAHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C1=NC(N)=NN1 CUOJWWPOIXAHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMNJMJLIDTZJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)CCCCCC1=CNC(C(O)=O)=C1CCCCCC(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC1=CNC(C(O)=O)=C1CCCCCC(C)C QMNJMJLIDTZJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]C Chemical compound C[CH]C HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067597 azelate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ISQGOXKDLGVOKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCC(C)CC(C)(C)C ISQGOXKDLGVOKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(6-methylheptyl) decanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C ZWYAVGUHWPLBGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005586 carbonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001734 carboxylic acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MOFCYHDQWIZKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CCl MOFCYHDQWIZKMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZNIQLYYOYYLSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(5-phenyl-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)benzamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)NC(N=1)=NNC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNIQLYYOYYLSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001911 terphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6568—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/65683—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus atoms as the only ring hetero atoms the ring phosphorus atom being part of a phosphine
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Description
R1-C
-N
in welcher R1, R2, R3 und R4. jeweils Wasserstoff,
eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkaryl-, Aralkyl-, Cycloalkyl-, Acyl- und/oder Aroylgruppe darstellen, wobei das
Symbol
bedeutet, daß der Substituent R4
in Form eines labilen Substituenten an irgendeines der Stickstoffatome in dem Triazolring gebunden
ist und gegebenenfalls 2. wenigstens ein substituiertes Phenothiazin der nachstehenden allgemeinen
Formel
in welcher R eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkaryl-, Aralkyl- oder Cyanoalkylgruppe und mindestens einer der
Substituenten R1, R2, R3 und R4 eine Alkyl- oder
Alkoxygruppe bedeutet, wobei die anderen Substituenten Wasserstoff sind, sowie wenigstens ein
sekundäres aromatisches Amin, dessen zwei aromatische Gruppen direkt an das Stickstoffatom
gebunden sind, enthalten.
2. Schmiermittelgemisch nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es das Triazol in einer
Konzentration von 0,002 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das Gewicht des gesamten Gemisches,
enthält.
3. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein 1,2,4-Triazol
der Formel I enthält, in welcher R1 ein Wasserstoffatom,
eine Alkylgruppe mit mindestens 7 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Phenylgruppe oder eine alkylsubstituierte
Phenylgruppe bedeutet, während R2 und/oder R3 Wasserstoff oder eine Acyl-, Aroyl-
oder Alkarylgruppe bedeuten, wobei aber wenigstens einer der Reste R2 und R3 ein Wasserstoffatom
ist und R4 gleichfalls Wasserstoff bedeutet.
4. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein 1,2,4-Triazol
der Formel I enthält, in welcher R1 eine durch einen verzweigten Alkylrest substituierte Phenylgruppe,
eine durch einen Isopropylrest oder durch einen p-tert.Butylrest substituierte Phenylgruppe
bedeutet.
5. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein 1,2,4-Triazol
der Formel I enthält, in welcher die Reste R2 und/oder R3 durch eine Benzoylgruppe substituiert
sind.
6. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein 1,2,4-Triazol
der Formel I enthält, in welcher die Gesamtzahl der Kohlenstoffatome in den Resten R1, R2
und R3 weniger als 30 beträgt und R4 Wasserstoff
ist.
7. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es 3-Amino-1,2,4
- triazol, 3 - Amino - 5 - heptyl -1,2,4 - triazol, S-Amino-S-phenyl-l^^-triazol, 3-Amino-5-(4-isopropylphenyl)
-1,2,4 - triazol, 3 -Amino - 5 - (ρ - tert.-butylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazol
oder ein benzoyliertes 5-Phenyl-l,2,4-triazol enthält.
8. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es das substituierte
Phenothiazin und das sekundäre Amin jeweils in Konzentrationen von 0,05 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent,
bezogen auf das Gewicht des Gesamtgemisches, enthält.
9. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein 3,7-disubstituiertes
Phenothiazin, ein 3,7-dioctylsubstituiertes Phenothiazin oder ein N-Benzyl-3,7-dioctylphenothiazin
enthält.
10. Schmiermittelgemisch nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als sekundäres
aromatisches Amin ein Diphenylamin mit einem 4 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome aufweisenden
Alkyl- oder Alkoxyrest enthält, welches an wenigstens einem Benzolkern in der para-Stellung
substituiert ist, ein disubstituiertes Diphenylamin, ein ρ,ρ'-Dioctyldiphenylamin, ein N-Arylnaphthylamin,
ein Phenyl-a-naphthylämin oder ein N-Arylnaphthylamin,
welches durch mindestens einen Alkylrest mit bis zu 20 Kohlenstoffatomen substituiert
ist, enthält.
Die Erfindung betrifft Schmiermittelgemische auf der Basis eines Esteröls, welche wenigstens einen
Ester enthalten. Diese Schmiermittelgemische weisen eine gute thermische Stabilität innerhalb eines weiten
Temperaturbereiches auf. Sie eignen sich besonders gut für die Schmierung von Gasturbinenmotoren für
Flugzeuge.
Dieses unerwartet günstige Verhalten wird durch die Mitverwendung eines speziellen Zusatzstoffes,
nämlich von 1,2,4-Triazolen, erzielt, der gegenüber bekannten Metalldesaktivatoren wesentliche Vorteile
bietet und daher einen verbesserten Korrosionsschutz gewährleistet, insbesondere bei den hohen Betriebstemperaturen
von Gasturbinenmotoren.
Es ist bekannt, bei Ölbohrungen anfallende Rohöl-Salzlaugegemische
dadurch in ihrer Korrosivität etwas einzuschränken, daß man solchen Gemischen Bisimidazole
einverleibt. Das vorstehend angeschnittene technische Problem bei Gasturbinenmotoren läßt
sich mittels einer solchen Maßnahme nicht befriedigend lösen.
Weiterhin ist empfohlen worden, Schmierfette auf der Basis von Esterölen unter Verwendung von 20
bis 45 Gewichtsprozent an 1,3,5-Triazinen als Verdickungsmittel herzustellen. Verdickungsmittel dieser
Art üben jedoch keine entscheidende Korrosionsschutzwirkun?
aus.
Auch sind schon Carbonsäuresalze von substituierten Glyoxalidinen als Korrosionsinhibitoren in
beispielsweise Benzin, Dieselölen und schweren Heizölen verwendet worden. Schmiermittel üben jedoch
eine ganz andere Funktion als derartige Kraft- und Treibstoffe aus.
Die als Stabilisierungsmittel für Kohlenwasserstofföle beschriebenen Aldehyde von 1,3,5-Triazinen sollen
die Schmutzablagerung und Verfärbung verhindern, ohne daß ihnen jedoch eine spezielle Antikorrosionswirkung
in Schmiermitteln zugeschrieben wird.
Demgegenüber zeigen die erfindungsgemäß in Betracht gezogenen Zusatzstoffe sogar gegenüber den
bekannten im Handel befindlichen 1,2,3-Triazolen eine überlegene Wirkung, wie nachstehend an Hand
von Vergleichsversuchen noch nachgewiesen werden wird.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelgemische auf der Basis eines Esteröls, bestehend aus einem größeren
Anteil an wenigstens einem Ester und aus einem kleineren Anteil an Zusatzstoffen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie als Zusatzstoffe 1. wenigstens ein 1,2,4-Triazol der nachstehenden allgemeinen Formel
R, — C
eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkaryl-, Aralkyl-, Cycloalkyl-, Acyl- und/oder Aroylgruppe darstellen, wobei das
Symbol (R4) bedeutet, daß der Substituent R4 in
Form eines labilen oder eines nichtlabilen Substituenten an irgendeines der Stickstoffatome in dem
Triazolring gebunden ist und gegebenenfalls 2. wenigstens ein substituiertes Phenothiazin der nachstehenden
allgemeinen Formel
in welcher R1, R2, R3 und R4 jeweils Wasserstoff,
in welcher R eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkaryl-, Aralkyl- oder Cyanoalkylgruppe und mindestens einer der
Substituenten R1, R2, R3 und R4 eine Alkyl- oder
Alkoxygruppe bedeutet, wobei die anderen Substituenten Wasserstoff sind, sowie wenigstens ein sekundäres
aromatisches Amin, dessen zwei aromatische Gruppen direkt an das Stickstoffatom gebunden sind,
enthalten.
Die vorstehend angegebene allgemeine Formel umfaßt daher nicht nur 3substituierte und 3,5-substituierte
1,2,4 - Triazole, beispielsweise 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazol
der nachstehenden Formel
N N
N NH
HN
:N
HC
C-NH,
HC
C-NH2 ^=
HC
NH,
und 3-Amino-5-heptyl-l,2,4-triazol der nachstehenden Formel
■ N—-N ' N NH
C7H9-C C-NH2 C7H9-C
HN
C7H9-C C-NH2
-N
sondern auch acylierte und aroylierte 1,2,4-Triazole, beispielsweise ein benzoliertes 5-Phenyl-l,2,4-triazol,
welche die nachstehenden Formeln haben können: welches der nachstehenden Formel entspricht
55
Il
R1-C
Il
c-
c-
NHCOR,
QH5
N
H
H
60
N N
C C — NHCOC6H5
N
H
H
N-
Il
C
C
N
C-
C-
-NH,
N ■ COR,
N N
Cs H.-C
C-NH,
NCOCnH5
NCOCnH5
Das 1,2,4-Triazol kann in den erfindungsgemäßen
Schmiermittelgemischen in Konzentrationen von 0,002 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent, zweckmäßig von 0,005 bis
1 Gewichtsprozent und vorzugsweise von 0,2 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent, vorliegen. Ein 1,2,4-Triazol der
angegebenen Formel, in welcher der Rest R1 ein Wasserstoffatom, eine Alkylgruppe mit mindestens
7 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Phenylgruppe oder eine alkylsubstituierte Phenylgruppe bedeutet, während
R2 und/oder R3 Wasserstoff oder eine Acyl-, Aroyl-
oder Alkarylgruppe bedeuten, wobei aber wenigstens einer der Reste R2 und R3 ein Wasserstoffatom ist
und R4 gleichfalls Wasserstoff bedeutet, wird hierbei bevorzugt verwendet. Falls R1 eine alkylsubstituierte
Phenylgruppe darstellt, handelt es sich bei dem Alkylsubstituenten vorzugsweise um eine verzweigte Alkylgruppe,
beispielsweise die Isopropyl- oder p.-tert.-Butylgruppe. Falls R2 und/oder R3 eine Aroylgruppe
bedeuten, handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Benzoylgruppe.
Vorzugsweise beträgt die Gesamtzahl der Kohlenstoffatome in den Resten R1, R2 und R3 weniger als
30, wobei der Rest R4 Wasserstoff bedeutet. Solche 1,2,4-Triazole, bei denen R4 Wasserstoff ist, der Rest
R1 kein Wasserstoff ist und die Gesamtzahl der Kohlenstoffatome
in den Resten R1, R2 und R3 weniger
als 7 beträgt, beispielsweise die Verbindung 3-Amino-5-pentyl-l,2,4-triazol, werden bevorzugt in solchen
Schmiermittelgemischen angewendet, in denen das den Hauptteil ausmachende Esteröl ein einfacher
Ester oder ein Gemisch einfacher Ester ist.
Bevorzugte 1,2,4-Triazole sind 3-Amino-l,2,4-triazol,
3 - Amino - 5 - heptyl -1,2,4 - triazöl, 3 - Amino-5 - phenyl -1,2,4 - triazol, 3 - Amino - 5 - (4 - isopropylphenyl)
-1,2,4 - triazol, 3 - Amino - 5 - (p. - tert.butylphenyl) -1,2,4 - triazol und benzoyliertes 5 - Phenyl-1,2,4-triazol.
Als Esteröle für die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelgemische eignen sich einfache Ester, Komplexester,
Polyester und Mischungen dieser Verbindungstypen.
Unter einem einfachen Ester wird ein aus einer aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure und einem aliphatischen
einwertigen Alkohol gebildeter Ester verstanden. Bevorzugte einfache Ester leiten sich von einer aliphatischen
Dicarbonsäure mit 6 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen im Molekül und von einem verzweigten einwertigen
Alkohol mit 6 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen im Molekül ab. Insbesondere können Alkohole eingesetzt
werden, die keinen Wasserstoff an das /f-Kohlenstoffatom
gebunden enthalten. Bevorzugte einfache Ester sind Diisooctylsebacat, Di-(2-äthylhexyl)-sebacat,
Diisooctylazelat, Di-(3,5,5-trimethylhexyl)-adipat,
2 - Äthylhexyl - 3,5,5 - trimethylhexylsebacat und 2,2,4-Trimethylpentylazelat.
Unter einem Komplexester wird ein aus den verschiedensten Kombinationen zwischen einer aliphatischen
Dicarbonsäure, einem Glykol oder PoIyglykol sowie einem aliphatischen einwertigen Alkohol
und/oder einer aliphatischen Monocarbonsäure gebildeter Ester verstanden. Einige für solche Komplexester
typische Strukturen können durch die Kombinationen AD(GD)nM und MG(DQnM wiedergegeben
werden. Die Buchstaben A, D, G und M bedeuten jeweils die Veresterungsreste eines aliphatisehen
einwertigen Alkohols (A), einer aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure (D), eines Glykols oder Polyglykols (G)
und einer aliphatischen Monocarbonsäure (M), /2 bedeutet eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 6. Beispiele für
typische Ausgangsmaterialien zur Herstellung solcher Komplexester sind 2-Äthylbutylalkohol, 2-Äthylhexylalkohol,
Capronsäure, Pelargonsäure, Caprinsäure, Neopentylglykol,Äthylenglykol, Propylenglykol, PoIyglykole,
wie Polyäthylenglykole, Sebacinsäure, Adipinsäure, Azelainsäure und Pimelinsäure.
Unter Polyestern werden die von aliphatischen Alkoholen mit mindestens drei Hydroxylgruppen im
Molekül abgeleiteten Ester verstanden, beispielsweise die von Trimethylolpropan abgeleiteten Ester und
Tetraester, wie der Pentaerythrittetraester. Alle diese Ester sind vorzugsweise Fettsäureester. Der Carbonsäurerest
der Ester enthält vorzugsweise 4 bis 18, insbesondere 6 bis 14 Kohlenstoffatome.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel auf Esterbasis können zusätzlich Antioxydationsmittel, Höchstdruckzusatzstoffe,
weitere Metalldesaktivatoren, Antikorrosionsmittel, Antischaummittel, Farbstoffe und
sonstige Zusatzstoffe enthalten.
Als Antioxydationsmittel können Phenothiazin oder substituierte Phenothiazine zusammen mit sekundären
aromatischen Aminen verwendet werden (vgl. britische Patentschrift 1 036 695). So kann das
Antioxydationsmittel einen kleineren Anteil wenigstens eines substituierten Phenothiazins der nachstehenden
allgemeinen Formel
in welcher R eine Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkaryl- Aralkyl- oder Cyanoalkylgruppe und wenigstens einer der Reste R1,
R2, R3 und R4 eine Alkyl- oder Alkoxygruppe bedeutet,
während die anderen Reste R Wasserstoff darstellen, und einen kleineren Anteil wenigstens eines
sekundären aromatischen Amins enthalten, in welchem die beiden aromatischen Gruppen direkt an das
Stickstoffatom gebunden sind. Die kleineren Anteile des substituierten Phenothiazins und des sekundären
Amins können-jeweils 0,05 bis 10 und vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das Gewicht
der Zusammensetzung, ausmachen.
Die N-substituierten Phenothiazine enthalten vorzugsweise einen Alkyl- oder Alkoxyrest als Substituenten
in jedem aromatischen Ring des Phenothiazinmoleküls. Eine Doppelsubstitution in 3- und
7-Stellung ist besonders bevorzugt. Die Herstellung solcher N-substituierter Phenothiazine wird beispielsweise
in der britischen Patentschrift 873 066 beschrieben. Bevorzugte N-substituierte Phenothiazine sind
1 - Methyl - 3,7 - dioctylphenothiazin, 10 - n-Butyl-3,7
- dioctylphenothiazin, 10 - η - Octyl - 3,7 - dioctylphenothiazin,
10 - Phenyl - 3,7 - dioctylphenothiazin, 10 - Tolyl - 3,7 - dioctylphenothiazin, 10 - Cyanoäthyl-3,7
- dioctylphenothiazin; 10 - Cyanopropyl - 3,7 - dioctylphenothiazin,
10-Cyanobutyl-3,7-dioctylphenothiazin, lO-Benzyl-SJ-dioctylphenothiazin, 10-Benzyl-3,7-dibutylphenothiazin,
10-Benzyl-3,7-diisopropoxyphenothiazin, 10 - Benzyl - 3,7 - dibutoxyphenothiazin
und Mischungen solcher Verbindungen.
Obwohl an sich jedes beliebige sekundäre aro-
matische Amin in Kombination mit den N-substituierten Phenothiazinen verwendet werden kann,
werden doch bestimmte Diphenylamine und N-Arylnaphthylamine bevorzugt angewendet. Insbesondere
werden solche Diphenylamine bevorzugt, welche einen Alkyl- oder Alk oxyrest mit 4 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen
als Substituenten in der para-Stellung wenigstens eines Benzolkerns aufweisen. Daher werden vorzugsweise
disubstituierte Diphenylamine eingesetzt, insbesondere ρ,ρ'-Dioctyldiphenylamin. Als Beispiele
für N-Arylnaphthylamine, welche in wenigstens einem aromatischen Kern durch wenigstens eine Alkylgruppe
mit bis zu 20 Kohlenstoffatomen substituiert sein können, werden Phenyl-/?-naphthylamin und β,β-ΌΊ-naphthylamin
sowie das bevorzugt eingesetzte Phenyla-naphthylamin
genannt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei Verwendung eines einfachen Esters als Hauptkomponente
der erfindungsgemäßen Esterschmiermittel vorzugsweise Diphenylamine, ζ. B. ρ,ρ'-Dioctyldiphenylamin,
insbesondere zusammen mit N-Arylnaphthylaminen, als das sekundäre aromatische
Amin eingesetzt werden, während N-Arylnaphthylamine,
ζ. Β. Phenyl-a-naphthylamin, besonders günstig
in Kombination mit Polyestern als Basisöl wirken.
Je nach den gewünschten Viskositätseigenschaften und den Temperaturbedingungen, unter welchen das
Schmiermittel zur Anwendung kommt, können den Estern auch noch Verdickungsmittel einverleibt werden.
Beispielsweise kann man ihnen Polymere von Estern der Acrylsäure oder einer alkylsubstituierten
Acrylsäure, wie z. B. von Laurylmethacrylat, oder einen Äther eines Polyoxyalkylenglykols der allgemeinen
Formel
R5O(R7O)nR6
zusetzen, in welcher R5 eine Alkylgruppe, R6 Wasserstoff
oder eine Alkylgruppe, R7 eine Alkylengruppe mit 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und η eine Zahl bedeutet,
die größer als 1 ist. Geeignete Mischpolymerisate werden aus Propylenoxyd und Äthylenoxyd
hergestellt. Die Verdickungsmittel können in Konzentrationen bis zu 40 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf
das fertige Schmiermittelgemisch, vorliegen, je nach den für diese Schmiermittel gewünschten Viskositätseigenschaften.
Als Höchstdruckzusatzstoffe eignen sich Ester von phosphorhaltigen Säuren, insbesondere Triphenylphosphorthionat,
Tritolylphosphorthionat und Trixylylphosphorthionat, ferner Phosphorsäureester, wie
Triphenylphosphat und Tritolylphosphat, welche jedoch vorzugsweise zusammen mit einem kleineren
Anteil (beispielsweise 0,1 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das fertige Schmiermittel) eines sekundären Amins,
ζ. B. Dimethyl - (3,5 - di - tert.butyl - 4 - hydroxybenzyI)-amin,
eingesetzt werden. Zu einer anderen Klasse von phosphorhaltigen Höchstdruckzusatzstoffen gehören
die neuen Diarylhalogenalkylphosphate, beispielsweise Diphenyl-i^-bis-^hlormethy^-S-chlorpropylphosphorthionat.
Noch eine andere Klasse von Höchstdruckzusatzstoffen stellen die chlorierten Di- oder
Polyphenyle dar, d. h. Diphenyle, Terphenyle und höhere Polyphenyle sowie Gemische solcher Verbindungen,
bei denen mindestens ein Chloratom direkt an jeden Benzolkern gebunden ist, z. B. die
im Handel erhältlichen chlorierten Di- oder Polyphenyle. Substituierte Oxetanpolymerisate stellen eine
weitere Klasse von Höchstdruckzusatzstoffen dar. Es handelt sich dabei um aus Oxetanen der nachstehenden
allgemeinen Formel
X,C
CH,
X3C CH2
herstellbare Polymerisate, wobei in dieser Formel mindestens ein X Chlor oder Brom bedeutet, während
die anderen X Wasserstoff, Chlor und Brom sind. Als Beispiel für eine solche Verbindung kann 3,3-Bis(chlormethyl)oxetan
genannt werden (vgl. bezüglich Einzelheiten über Oxetanpolymerisate die britische Patentschrift
964 672).
Besonders günstig wirken bezüglich der Verbesserung der Widerstandsfähigkeit unter extremen Hochdruckbedingungen
die Salze aus Monochlormethylphosphonsäure und tert.alkylsubstituierten primären
Aminen, beispielsweise von C18 _20-tert Alkyl-primären
Aminen abgeleitete Salze.
Als zusätzliche Antioxydationsmittel können auch alkylierte Phenole, ζ. B. 2,6-Di-tert.butyl-4-methylphenol,
und alkylierte Bisphenole, ζ. B. 4,4'-Methylenbis(2,6 - di - tert.butylphenol), mitverwendet werden.
Geringe Anteile von z. B. 0,01 bis 0,2 Gewichtsprozent an Sebacinsäure, Azelainsäure oder Adipinsäure
sind nützlich als Inhibitoren einer Bleikorrosiön, während Metallerdölsulfonate, z. B. Calciumerdölsulfonat,
sich als Rostinhibitoren eignen.
Geeignete Antischaummittel sind Polydimethylsiloxane mit Viskositäten im Bereich von 100 bis
100 000 cSt bei 250° C.
Es wurden Schmiermittelgemische auf Esterbasis gemäß der Erfindung hergestellt und in der nachstehenden Weise geprüft.
Es wurden Schmiermittelgemische auf Esterbasis gemäß der Erfindung hergestellt und in der nachstehenden Weise geprüft.
Grundgemisch A
100 Teile/Million 3-Amino-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazol wurden zu dem als Grundgemisch A bezeichneten
Esterschmieröl zugesetzt, welches einen einfachen Ester enthielt und die nachstehende Zusammensetzung
hatte:
Gewichtsprozent
Di-iso-octylazolat 83
N-BenzyWJ-dioctylphenothiazin.. 0,5
Phenyl-a-naphthylamin 0,5
ρ,ρ'-Dioctyiäiphenylamin 2,0
Triphenylphosphorothionat 1,0
«Aroclor 1254« 3,0
Azelainsäure 0,02
Silicon-Antischaummittel 5 ppm
Das Grundgemisch A, welches das angegebene 1,2,4-Triazol enthielt, wurde dem Rolls-Royce-Korrosionstest,
Arbeitsweise A, unterworfen («Rolls Royce« ist ein eingetragenes Warenzeichen). Dieser Test
besteht darin, daß das zu prüfende Gemisch während einer Vorbehandlung 5 Stunden lang auf einer Temperatur
von 250° C gehalten wird, worauf anschließend die Gewichtsänderung bestimmter Metallproben festgestellt
wird, nachdem diese 182 Stunden lang bei einer Temperatur von 150° C der Einwirkung des
vorbehandelten Schmiermittels ausgesetzt waren. Für Vergleichszwecke wurde dieser Test auch an einer
Probe des Grundgemisches A durchgeführt, welche 100 Teile/Million des bekannten Metalldesaktivators
5 - Methylbenzo -1,2,3 - triazol enthielt.
309 512/443
9 10
Die Versuchsergebnisse sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle zusammengefaßt.
Versuch
Nr.
Nr.
Grundgemisch A
+ 100 ppm von
+ 100 ppm von
»Rolls-Roycew-Korrosionstest, Arbeitsweise A
Gewichtsänderung, mg/cm2
Gewichtsänderung, mg/cm2
Messing
Magnesium Aluminium
Eisen
gelöstes
Kupfer
Kupfer
Blei
Kupfer
3-Amino-5-phenyl-
1,2,4-triazol
5-Methylbenzo-
5-Methylbenzo-
1,2,3-triazol
-0,09 -0,14
keine -1,2
keine
-0,07
-0,07
keine
-0,2
-0,2
keine
-0,9
-0,9
-0,47
-9,7
-9,7
-0,12
-0,06
-0,06
Aus dieser Tabelle ist klar ersichtlich, daß das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelgemisch von Versuch
1 bei dem Korrosionstest ein Verhalten zeigt, welches demjenigen des nicht erfindungsgemäßen
Schmiermittels von Versuch 2 überlegen ist. Darüber hinaus zeigte das Schmiermittel von Versuch 1 ein
gutes Verhalten in einem thermischen Stabilitätstest, welcher darin bestand, daß man das Gemisch mehrere
Wochen lang auf einer Temperatur von 18O0C hielt.
Grundgemisch B
Die verschiedensten, nachstehend näher angegebenen 1,2,4-Triazole wurden in wechselnden Mengen
Proben eines Esterschmiermittels zugesetzt, das einen Polyester enthielt und nachstehend als Grundgemisch
B bezeichnet wird. Dieses Grundgemisch B hatte die folgende Zusammensetzung:
TT 1 1 » /τ, ... Gewichtsprozent
»Hercolube A« (Pentaerythntylester von C4_6 Monocarbonsäuren
64
»Hercolube F« (Dipentaerythritylester von C4_10 Monocarbonsäuren
31,6
N-Benzyl-3,7-dioctylphenothiazin.. 1,7
Phenyl-a-naphthylamin 1,5
Triphenylphosphorothionat 1
Primene JMT/MCMPA« (Monochlormethylphosphonsäuresalze von C18 _ 22 tertiär-Alkylaminen.. 0,2
Azelainsäure 0,01
»MS 200/12 500« Siliconflüssigkeit (ein Polydimethylsiloxan mit
einer Viskosität von 12 500 cSt bei25°C) 5 ppm
Die Schmiermittelgemische (nachstehend in Tabelle II als Beispiele 3 bis 8 aufgeführt) wurden einem
modifizierten MIL-L-7808-Korrosionstest unterworfen, welcher darin bestand, daß Proben bestimmter
Metalle 48 Stunden lang bei einer Temperatur von 218,3° C der Einwirkung der zu prüfenden Schmiermittel
ausgesetzt wurden, worauf die Gewichtsänderung jeder Metallprobe bestimmt wurde. Außerdem
wurden die Schmiermittelgemische der vorstehend erwähnten bei 180° C durchgeführten Prüfung auf
thermische Stabilität unterworfen. Die hierbei erzielten Ergebnisse sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle
II zusammengefaßt. Zu Vergleichszwecken wurden diese Teste auch mit einer Probe des Grundgemisches
B durchgeführt, welche eine kleinere Menge der Verbindung Bis-Benzotriazol enthielt, von der
bekannt ist, daß sie gute Eigenschaften als Metalldesaktivator aufweist.
Aus Tabelle II ist zu entnehmen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelgemische ein gutes Verhalten
bei dem sehr strengen MIL-L-7808-Test zeigen, welches zum Teil wesentlich besser oder zumindest
gleichwertig mit dem Verhalten des Testgemisches gemäß Beispiel 9 ist. Auch wurden mit Ausnahme
des die Verbindung 3-Amino-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazol enthaltenden Schmiermittels gute Ergebnisse bei dem
thermischen Stabilitätstest erzielt.
Es wurde vorstehend bereits darauf hingewiesen, daß 1,2,4-Triazole der angegebenen Art, bei denen die
Gesamtzahl von Kohlenstoffatomen in den Resten R1, R2 und R3 weniger als 7 beträgt, besonders geeignet
zur Anwendung in solchen Esterschmiermitteln sind, die zum größten Teil aus einem einfachen Ester
bestehen.
Beispiel | Grundgemisch B | Gewichts prozent |
Ergebnisse des modifizierten MIL-L- 7808-Testes, 48 Std. lang bei 218,3° C Gewichtsänderung in mg/cm2 |
Mg | Al | Ag | Fe | Cu | Stabilität des Gemisches bei 1800C |
keine +0,05 |
keine +0,02 |
keine keine |
keine +0,03 |
keine keine |
|||||
3 | 3-Amino-l,2,4-tri- azol |
0,05 | +0,05 +0,06 |
+0,02 keine |
-0,04 -0,03 |
keine +0,04 |
-0,27 -0,24 |
geringe Opaleszenz nach 6 Wochen |
|
4 | 3-Amino-5-phenyl- 1,2,4-triazol |
0,5 | +0,11 +0,10 |
+ 0,05 +0,05 |
keine keine |
+0,09 +0,10 |
-0,44 -0,36 |
starker Niederschlag nach 1 Tag |
|
5 | 3-Amino-5-heptyl- 1,2,4-triazol |
0,1 | ganz geringfügiger Niederschlag nach 6 Wochen |
Fortsetzung
Beispiel | Grundgemisch B | Gewichts prozent |
Ergebnisse des modifizierten MIL-L- 7808-Testes, 48 Std. lang bei 218,3° C Gewichtsänderung in mg/cm2 |
Mg | Al | Ag | Fe | Cu | Stabilität des Gemisches bei 180"-C |
keine -0,37 |
keine keine |
keine keine |
keine keine |
-0,16 -0,26 |
|||||
6 | Benzoyliertes 3-Amino-5-phe- nyl-l,2,4-triazol*) |
0,3 | +0,07 +0,07 |
+0,03 +0,05 |
+0,05 + 0,04 |
+0,05 +0,05 |
-0,31 -0,39 |
ganz geringfügiger Niederschlag nach 3 Wochen |
|
7 | 3-Amino-5-(4-iso- propylphenyl)- 1,2,4-triazol |
0,3 | keine keine |
keine keine |
keine keine |
keine keine |
-0,54 -0,66 |
ganz gerinfügiger Niederschlag nach 6 Wochen |
|
8 | 3-Amino-5-(p.-tert.- butyl-phenyl)- 1,2,4-triazol |
0,3 | -5,46 -0,88 |
keine keine |
-0,06 -0,11 |
+0,02 keine |
-0,10 -0,10 |
kein Niederschlag nach 12 Wochen |
|
9 | Bis-benzotriazol | 0,04 | geringe Opaleszenz nach 6 Wochen |
*) Anscheinend ist das gute Verhalten eines Esterschmiermittels, welches als Zusatzstoff ein benzoyliertes 3-Amino-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazol
enthält, bei diesem Test unabhängig davon, ob das Triazol in einer oder beiden Strukturformeln gemäß Formel VI bzw. VII vorliegt.
Bei der weiteren Prüfung von Proben der Grundmischung B, welche verschiedene 1,2,4-Triazole sowie
für Vergleichszwecke die Verbindung 5-Methylbenzo-1,2,3-triazol
enthielten, wurde die Methode Nr. 139/65 des Institute of Petroleum angewendet. Die erhaltenen
Ergebnisse sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle III zusammengefaßt.
30
1OB + 0,3 Gewichtsprozent 3-Amino-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazol
11 B + 0,3 Gewichtsprozent 3-Benzamido-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazol
12 B + 0,3 Gewichtsprozent 5-Methylbenzo-l,2,3-triazol
13 Grundgemisch B
Gesamtazidität, mg, KOH/g
0,30 0,29
0,73 0,30
35
40
45
Aus der vorstehenden Tabelle ist klar ersichtlich, daß die Esterschmiermittel gemäß der Erfindung
Werte für die Gesamtazidität liefern, welche dem Wert für das Grundgemisch B (vgl. Beispiel 13) entsprechen,
während das für Vergleichszwecke verwendete Schmiermittel mit einem 1,2,3-Triazol als
Zusatzstoff einen Säurewert liefert, der wesentlich höher liegt, als derjenige des Grundgemisches B.
Bei einer weiteren Prüfung der thermischen Stabilität eines erfindungsgemäßen Esterschmiermittels
wurden dem Grundgemisch B 0,3 Gewichtsprozent eines benzoylierten 3-Amino-5-phenyl-l,2,4-triazols
zugesetzt, und dieses erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel (Beispiel 14) wurde den Bedingungen der Rolls-Royce-Blown-Oxydation-Testmethode
Nr. 1001 unterworfen. Der Test besteht darin, daß man unter genau festgelegten Bedingungen mit Wasserdampf gesättigte
Luft oder Stickstoff in einer Menge von 250 ml/Min, durch eine ölprobe von 50 ml hindurchperlen läßt.
Nach Beendigung des Versuches wird der Gehalt der Probe an in Benzol unlöslichen Bestandteilen bestimmt.
Dieser Test wurde während 192 Stunden bei einer Temperatur von 225° C durchgeführt, und es
wurde für das in Benzol Unlösliche ein Wert von 0,01 Gewichtsprozent festgestellt, wodurch bestätigt
wird, daß das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelgemisch eine hohe thermische Stabilität aufweist.
Claims (1)
1. Schmiermittelgemische auf der Basis eines Esteröls, bestehend aus einem größeren Anteil an
wenigstens einem Ester und aus einem kleineren Anteil an Zusatzstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie als Zusatzstoffe 1. wenigstens ein 1,2,4-Triazol der nachstehenden allgemeinen
Formel
1 2
N N
IO
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB50977/65A GB1111680A (en) | 1965-12-01 | 1965-12-01 | Improvements in or relating to ester-base compositions |
GB725066 | 1966-02-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1594621A1 DE1594621A1 (de) | 1970-10-01 |
DE1594621B2 true DE1594621B2 (de) | 1973-03-22 |
DE1594621C3 DE1594621C3 (de) | 1973-10-25 |
Family
ID=26241293
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1594621A Expired DE1594621C3 (de) | 1965-12-01 | 1966-11-29 | Schmiermittelgemische |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1594621C3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR1502381A (de) |
GB (1) | GB1111680A (de) |
NL (1) | NL6616840A (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2539886A1 (de) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-03-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Schmierfluessigkeiten und betriebsoele und ihre verwendung |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4064059A (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1977-12-20 | Texaco Inc. | Synthetic aircraft turbine oil |
GB1547564A (en) | 1975-06-05 | 1979-06-20 | Lilly Industries Ltd | Acylated amino-heteroaryl compounds |
US4226732A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1980-10-07 | Texaco Inc. | Synthetic aircraft turbine oil |
US4283296A (en) * | 1978-08-21 | 1981-08-11 | Texaco Inc. | Amine salt of N-triazolyl-hydrocarbyl succinamic acid and lubricating oil composition containing same |
US6074992A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-06-13 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Functional fluid compositions |
US20040038835A1 (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-02-26 | Chasan David E. | Engine oils that are non-aggressive towards lead |
CN101415804A (zh) | 2006-03-31 | 2009-04-22 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 润滑油添加剂、含有该润滑油添加剂的润滑油组合物、各种低摩擦滑动部件、滚动轴承和滑动轴承 |
US20080287328A1 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-20 | Loper John T | Lubricating composition |
WO2008142795A1 (ja) | 2007-05-24 | 2008-11-27 | Chiyoda Chemical Co., Ltd. | 機能性流体 |
JP5379361B2 (ja) | 2007-08-08 | 2013-12-25 | 出光興産株式会社 | 耐摩耗剤、潤滑剤用添加剤組成物及び潤滑油組成物 |
US7833954B2 (en) * | 2008-02-11 | 2010-11-16 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating composition |
-
1965
- 1965-12-01 GB GB50977/65A patent/GB1111680A/en not_active Expired
-
1966
- 1966-11-29 FR FR85342A patent/FR1502381A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-11-29 DE DE1594621A patent/DE1594621C3/de not_active Expired
- 1966-11-30 NL NL6616840A patent/NL6616840A/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2539886A1 (de) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-03-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Schmierfluessigkeiten und betriebsoele und ihre verwendung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1594621C3 (de) | 1973-10-25 |
NL6616840A (de) | 1967-06-02 |
FR1502381A (fr) | 1967-11-18 |
GB1111680A (en) | 1968-05-01 |
DE1594621A1 (de) | 1970-10-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |