DE1520790C3 - Verfahren zur Herstellung verschäumbarer Polystyrolperlen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung verschäumbarer PolystyrolperlenInfo
- Publication number
- DE1520790C3 DE1520790C3 DE1520790A DE1520790A DE1520790C3 DE 1520790 C3 DE1520790 C3 DE 1520790C3 DE 1520790 A DE1520790 A DE 1520790A DE 1520790 A DE1520790 A DE 1520790A DE 1520790 C3 DE1520790 C3 DE 1520790C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- styrene
- foamable
- foaming
- polyethylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229920006216 polyvinyl aromatic Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylidene Natural products CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S521/908—Nucleating agent for cellular product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB146/62A GB997356A (en) | 1962-01-02 | 1962-01-02 | Improvements in and relating to cellular polymeric material and to the preparation thereof |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1520790A1 DE1520790A1 (de) | 1969-07-24 |
| DE1520790B2 DE1520790B2 (de) | 1973-05-30 |
| DE1520790C3 true DE1520790C3 (de) | 1974-04-25 |
Family
ID=9699225
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1520790A Expired DE1520790C3 (de) | 1962-01-02 | 1962-12-31 | Verfahren zur Herstellung verschäumbarer Polystyrolperlen |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3224984A (OSRAM) |
| BE (1) | BE626744A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE1520790C3 (OSRAM) |
| DK (1) | DK109534C (OSRAM) |
| ES (1) | ES283835A1 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR1349495A (OSRAM) |
| GB (1) | GB997356A (OSRAM) |
| NL (2) | NL287330A (OSRAM) |
| NO (1) | NO116777B (OSRAM) |
| SE (1) | SE312432B (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL123055C (nl) * | 1961-12-05 | 1967-10-16 | Stamicarbon | Werkwijze voor de vervaardiging van veelcellige voorwerpen. |
| NL280836A (OSRAM) * | 1962-07-11 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3285865A (en) * | 1963-07-11 | 1966-11-15 | Koppers Co Inc | Expandable polymers |
| GB1028888A (en) * | 1964-09-21 | 1966-05-11 | Shell Int Research | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of cellular polymeric material comprising a polyvinyl-aromatic compound |
| US3442828A (en) * | 1966-07-27 | 1969-05-06 | Us Army | Foamed resin process |
| US3506740A (en) * | 1966-10-12 | 1970-04-14 | Shell Oil Co | Low molecular weight polyolefins as internal lubricants for impact polystyrene compositions |
| US3520834A (en) * | 1967-08-18 | 1970-07-21 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Co | Foamable molding composition |
| US3505253A (en) * | 1967-09-14 | 1970-04-07 | Arnold B Finestone | Expandable alkenyl aromatic polymers containing incorporated expandable alkenyl aromatic polymers and polysiloxane |
| US3666699A (en) * | 1968-03-08 | 1972-05-30 | Dow Chemical Co | Compositions of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes |
| US3554552A (en) * | 1968-03-08 | 1971-01-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Frangible article composed of polystyrene and polyethylene waxes |
| US3535408A (en) * | 1968-04-04 | 1970-10-20 | Cupples Container Co | Recovery and utilization of scrap in production of foamed vinyl aromatic polymeric products |
| US3972843A (en) * | 1972-11-11 | 1976-08-03 | Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Expandable styrene polymers suitable for the production of quickly moldable cellular bodies |
| IT987708B (it) * | 1973-05-18 | 1975-03-20 | Montedison Spa | Procedimento per la produzione di particelle di polistirene espandibile per l ottenimento di corpi stampati a struttura cellulare con elevate caratteri stiche |
| US4071597A (en) * | 1974-09-13 | 1978-01-31 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Container with improved heat-shrunk cellular sleeve |
| JPS5333268A (en) * | 1976-09-08 | 1978-03-29 | Asahi Dow Ltd | Process for extrusion foaming of styrene resin |
| US4243717A (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-01-06 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Expandable polystyrene with stabilized cell structure |
| US4521541A (en) * | 1983-02-09 | 1985-06-04 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Process for forming functional fluid and solid-containing thermoplastic films, uses thereof and process for producing same |
| EP0124958A1 (en) * | 1983-04-28 | 1984-11-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for preparing a styrenic polymer foam |
| GB8903010D0 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1989-03-30 | Shell Int Research | Process for preparation of stable interpenetrating polymer blends,comprising a poly(vinyl aromatic)polymer phase and a poly(alkylene)phase |
| FR2649983B1 (fr) * | 1989-07-19 | 1993-01-08 | Norsolor Sa | Procede de preparation de perles de polymere expansibles et materiaux en derivant |
| DE4124207C2 (de) * | 1991-07-20 | 1994-12-08 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Expandierbare Styrolpolymerisate und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung schnellentformbarer Schaumstoffkörper |
| DE4305697A1 (de) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-01 | Basf Ag | Perlförmige, expandierbare Styrolpolymerisate mit verringertem Innenwassergehalt und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US5411683B1 (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 2000-08-01 | Sweetheart Cup Co | Method for making thermoplastic foam with combined 1,1-difluoroethane and co2 blowing agent |
| DE4439458A1 (de) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-05-09 | Basf Ag | Recyclat enthaltende, expandierbare Styrolpolymerisate |
| FR2780406B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-29 | 2000-08-25 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Composition de polystyrene expansible, procede de preparation de la composition et materiaux expanses resultant de la composition |
| EP0987293A1 (en) * | 1998-09-16 | 2000-03-22 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Porous polymer particles |
| US20020072547A1 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2002-06-13 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Expandable polystyrenes |
| EP1605013B1 (de) * | 2004-05-13 | 2007-12-05 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH | Expandierbares Polystyrol |
| US20080300328A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-12-04 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Process for the Preparation of Expandable Polystyrene Beads |
| GB2455045B (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2010-01-06 | Gurit | Production of closed cell foam body |
| KR20130008577A (ko) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-01-22 | 바스프 에스이 | 감소된 열전도도를 갖는 발포성 스티렌 중합체 입자의 제조 방법 |
| JP2013116958A (ja) | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-13 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | 発泡性スチレン系樹脂組成物及びスチレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法 |
| CN109804004B (zh) | 2016-10-10 | 2022-12-09 | 道达尔研究技术弗吕公司 | 改进的能膨胀的乙烯基芳族聚合物 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE941389C (de) * | 1951-04-19 | 1956-04-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung poroeser Formkoerper aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen |
| US2988528A (en) * | 1958-02-03 | 1961-06-13 | Sun Oil Co | Wax compositions |
| US2979476A (en) * | 1958-03-19 | 1961-04-11 | Foster Grant Co Inc | Method of blending polystyrene and wax |
| NL266371A (OSRAM) * | 1959-05-05 | |||
| US3060136A (en) * | 1959-08-05 | 1962-10-23 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Foamed wax composition containing a major proportion of wax and a minor proportion of rubber |
| NL258061A (OSRAM) * | 1959-11-19 | |||
| US3060138A (en) * | 1960-05-19 | 1962-10-23 | Koppers Co Inc | Foamable polystyrene particles containing isopentane and paraffinic hydrocarbon and process of making same |
-
0
- NL NL137714D patent/NL137714C/xx active
- BE BE626744D patent/BE626744A/xx unknown
- NL NL287330D patent/NL287330A/xx unknown
-
1962
- 1962-01-02 GB GB146/62A patent/GB997356A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-12-28 FR FR920060A patent/FR1349495A/fr not_active Expired
- 1962-12-31 SE SE14157/62A patent/SE312432B/xx unknown
- 1962-12-31 ES ES283835A patent/ES283835A1/es not_active Expired
- 1962-12-31 NO NO62146987A patent/NO116777B/no unknown
- 1962-12-31 DE DE1520790A patent/DE1520790C3/de not_active Expired
-
1963
- 1963-01-02 US US248882A patent/US3224984A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1963-01-02 DK DK1263AA patent/DK109534C/da active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1349495A (fr) | 1964-01-17 |
| NO116777B (OSRAM) | 1969-05-19 |
| NL287330A (OSRAM) | 1900-01-01 |
| NL137714C (OSRAM) | 1900-01-01 |
| US3224984A (en) | 1965-12-21 |
| SE312432B (OSRAM) | 1969-07-14 |
| BE626744A (OSRAM) | 1900-01-01 |
| DK109534C (da) | 1968-05-06 |
| GB997356A (en) | 1965-07-07 |
| ES283835A1 (es) | 1963-05-16 |
| DE1520790A1 (de) | 1969-07-24 |
| DE1520790B2 (de) | 1973-05-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| SH | Request for examination between 03.10.1968 and 22.04.1971 | ||
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 |