DE1504082B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen

Info

Publication number
DE1504082B1
DE1504082B1 DE1962C0028192 DEC0028192A DE1504082B1 DE 1504082 B1 DE1504082 B1 DE 1504082B1 DE 1962C0028192 DE1962C0028192 DE 1962C0028192 DE C0028192 A DEC0028192 A DE C0028192A DE 1504082 B1 DE1504082 B1 DE 1504082B1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lens
contact lenses
mold
manufacture
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE1962C0028192
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Otto Wichterle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Czech Academy of Sciences CAS
Original Assignee
Czech Academy of Sciences CAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Czech Academy of Sciences CAS filed Critical Czech Academy of Sciences CAS
Publication of DE1504082B1 publication Critical patent/DE1504082B1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/02Artificial eyes from organic plastic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/02Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C41/04Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
    • B29C41/042Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould by rotating a mould around its axis of symmetry
    • B29C41/045Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould by rotating a mould around its axis of symmetry the axis being placed vertically, e.g. spin casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/42Removing articles from moulds, cores or other substrates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/50Shaping under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00038Production of contact lenses
    • B29D11/00057Production of contact lenses characterised by the shape or surface condition of the edge, e.g. flashless, burrless, smooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00038Production of contact lenses
    • B29D11/00115Production of contact lenses made by rotational casting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F20/00Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F20/62Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0002Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped monomers or prepolymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2011/00Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
    • B29L2011/0016Lenses
    • B29L2011/0041Contact lenses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/76Office equipment or accessories

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

grundsätzlich höchst vorteilhaft verwendbar sind, io merisationsguß scheidet aus, weil die polymerisiesind sie noch nachteilig insoweit, als sie einen groben, renden Monomerengemische einer Schrumpfung von unregelmäßigen Rand aufweisen, der dadurch entsteht, daß es bei der Polymerisation zur Kontraktion
der polymerisierenden Lösung kommt. Mit dem vor-
15 bis 2O°/o unterliegen.
Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, Kontaktlinsen durch Polymerisationsguß aus spärlich verstehend geschilderten Gußverfahren in festen Formen 15 netzten, hyrophilen Gelen (vgl. deutsche Auslegekann dieser Nachteil auch bei größter Genauigkeit schrift 1084 920) ohne die Notwendigkeit einer nachder Form und höchster Sorgfalt beim Gießen nicht träglichen, spanabhebenden Bearbeitung in einem vermieden werden. Denn die Formen dürfen zunächst einzigen Produktionsgang herzustellen,
nicht dicht aufeinanderliegen, sondern es muß Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch ge-
zwischen den beiden Teilen der Form ein kleiner 20 löst, daß die Kopolymerisation des Polymerisations-Zwischenraum bestehen, der dann während der Poly- ansatzes bis zum Gelieren desselben unter Schutzgas merisation durch äußere Druckwirkung entsprechend in einer rotierenden, mit einem glatten, kugel- oder der Kontraktion der Masse verringert werden kann. paraboloidförmigen Boden versehenen Form durch-Der entstandene grobe, unregelmäßige Rand, der geführt wird und daß die nach vollendeter PoIyüberdies noch scharfkantig sein kann, reizt jedoch 25 merisation entstandene Linse so lange in Wasser beim Auflegen der Linse die Augenlider. Unter gequollen wird, bis sie leicht aus der Form ent-
nehmbar ist.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß mit diesen erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen entgegen dem Vorurteil Randbereiche sind jedoch so klein, daß sie durch 30 der Fachwelt der mittlere Teil der Augenlinse, der Schleifen nicht beseitigt werden können, insbeson- allein für die optische Korrektur des Auges maßgebend ist, eine stets genaue, reproduzierbare Krümmung aufweist, da die Oberflächenkräfte bei gleichem Durchmesser und bei gleicher Flüssigkeit konstante zubilden. Dies ist jedoch bei Glas oder sehr harten 35 Größe besitzen. Da bei der Kontaktlinse beide Ober-Plasten nicht möglich, da eine derartige Schneide flächen vollständig glatt und optisch definiert sein
müssen, muß natürlich auch die verwendete Form eine einwandfreie innere Oberfläche aufweisen. Zweckmäßig wird daher eine gläserne Form verwendet. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird nicht nur eine saubere und genau reproduzierbare und definierte Oberfläche der Kontaktlinse erzielt, sondern insbesondere weist die erzeugte Kontaktlinse einen genau begrenzten, dünnen, scharfen, regel-
Umständen können die Linsen sogar an den Lidern hängenbleiben, so daß sie aus der zentralen Stellung verschoben werden. Die Unregelmäßigkeiten der
dere, da ja die Hydrogele weich und zäh sind.
Ganz allgemein ist es daher anstrebenswert, bei Kontaktlinsen die Linsenränder schneidenförmig aus-
das Auge in diesem Fall gefährden würde. Bei der Verwendung hydrophiler Gele, beispielsweise hydrophiler Polymethakrylate, ist diese Gefahr auf Grund der Weichheit der Linse nicht gegeben.
Es ist nun weiter bekannt (Paul B.Archibald, Epoxy, Parabolic, Mirrors, Modem Plastics, August 1957; USA.-Patent 3 010153), daß man parabolische Oberflächen bei erstarrungsfähigen Flüssigkeiten,
beispielsweise polymerisierenden, niedrigviskosen 45 mäßigen Rand auf, über welchen die Augenlider
Epoxy-Harzen, dadurch erzeugen kann, daß man die Flüssigkeit während des Erstarrungsvorganges in Rotation versetzt. Die Brennweite des entstehenden Paraboloids ist dann unter anderem wesentlich von der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Form abhängig.
Die Verwendung dieses Verfahrens für die Herstellung von Kontaktlinken stieß jedoch insoweit auf Vorurteile, als bei Kontaktlinsen die Durchmesser üblicherweise nur wenig mehr als 10 mm betragen,
reibungs- und reizlos gleiten, ohne daß die Konaktlinse mitgenommen bzw. aus ihrer richtigen Stelle wegbewegt wird. Ränder in einer derartig vorteilhaften Form können auf keine andere Art und Weise erzeugt werden.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden also Monomere, die einer dreidimensionalen Polymerisation fähig sind, unter Polymerisationsbedingungen in einer konkaven Form einer Rotation so daß die Oberflächenkräfte der Flüssigkeit in der 55 unterworfen, wobei dann die Außenfläche der Linse gleichen Größenordnung wie die das Paraboloid durch die Fläche der konkaven Form gebildet wird, erzeugenden Zentrifugalkräfte liegen. Die Ober- während die Innenfläche im wesentlichen durch die flächenkräfte bei der Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen Rotation der Form gestaltet wird. Die einwirin der geschilderten Art sind so groß, daß sie auch kenden Zentrifugalkräfte vertiefen die Krümmung bei völlig unbewegter Form die Oberfläche des 60 des Meniskus, so daß sich die Krümmung im ztnerstarrenden Polymerisationsansatzes konkav ver- tralen Teil der Linse dem Verlauf des Paraboloids krümmen. Bei sehr kleinem Durchmesser ist durch nähert, das sich beim Fehlen der Oberflächenkräfte eine Rotation die Oberflächenbildung überhaupt ausbilden würde. Es ist ersichtlich, daß durch eine nicht mehr beeinflußbar. Durch die Kenntnis dessen Änderung der Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit der Form war die Fachwelt der Auffassung, daß eine Ober- 65 die optische Stärke derart hergestellter Linsen fliefläche mit einer Reproduzierbarkeit in der Genauig- ßend geändert werden kann, und zwar in einem keit, wie dies für optische Linsen benötigt wird, mit Bereich, der den üblicherweise geforderten Bereich dem Rotationsverfahren, welches nur für Objekte von —15 bis +15 Dioptrien weit überschreitet.
Für die üblichen Zwecke ist es ausreichend, Formen mit kugelförmiger Höhlung zu verwenden. In diesem Fall wird eine ausreichende optische Einheitlichkeit auf einer verhältnismäßig kleinen Fläche in der Mitte der Linse erreicht, die jedoch genügt, da allein ein kleiner Zentralteil der Linse für die Korrektur des Sehvermögens von Belang ist.
Zur Erzielung vollkommener optischer Bedingungen ist es vorteilhafter, an Stelle einer Kugelfläche eine parabolische oder sogar eine derartige Fläche vorzusehen, die der durch die Rotation bewirkten Krümmung der Linsenoberfläche exakt entspricht. Dies kann beispielsweise mittels einer Form erreicht werden, die aus Glas oder einem anderen plastischen Material durch Schleuderguß hergestellt worden ist.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung an Hand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert:
In eine Glasform mit einer genau halbkugelförmigen Höhlung mit einem Radius von 6,0 mm wird 0,1 ml eines Gemisches eingetropft, das 54,7 °/o Glykolmonomethakrylat, 1,1% Ammoniumperoxydisulfat, 5,8% 2-Dimetyhlaminoäthylacetat und 20,6% Wasser enthält. Die Form wird sofort nach dem Eingießen des Gemisches in eine Rotation mit genau 442 Umdrehungen pro Minute versetzt. Die Oberfläche des Monomeren-Gemisches wird dabei unter einer Schutzgasatmosphäre aus Argon gehalten. Nach 7 Minuten wird die Umdrehung der Form eingestellt. Nach weiteren 20 Minuten wird die Form in Wasser getaucht. Die Linse läßt sich dann nach etwa Minuten leicht aus der Form herauslösen. Nach Spülen im Wasser und einer osmotischen Kompensation in einer physiologischen Lösung ist dann die erzeugte Linse zur Anwendung bereit. Ihre optische Stärke im Zentralteil beträgt +5 Dioptrien.

Claims (1)

  1. Patentanspruch:
    Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen aus vernetzten, hydrophilen Gelen durch Kopolymerisation von Lösungen ungesättigter Monomerer in Formen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kopolymerisation bis zum Gelieren des Polymerisationsansatzes unter Schutzgas in einer rotierenden, mit einem glatten, kugel- oder paraboloidförmigen Boden versehenen Form durchgeführt wird und daß die nach vollendeter Polymerisation entstandene Linse so lange in Wasser gequollen wird, bis sie leicht aus der Form entnehmbar ist.
DE1962C0028192 1961-12-27 1962-10-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen Pending DE1504082B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS765461 1961-12-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1504082B1 true DE1504082B1 (de) 1971-03-11

Family

ID=5426075

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1962C0028192 Pending DE1504082B1 (de) 1961-12-27 1962-10-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktlinsen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3660545A (de)
AT (1) AT244579B (de)
CH (1) CH411323A (de)
CS (1) CS108895A (de)
DE (1) DE1504082B1 (de)
DK (1) DK105436C (de)
ES (1) ES282965A1 (de)
GB (1) GB990207A (de)
NL (2) NL285986A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2399043A1 (fr) * 1977-07-25 1979-02-23 American Optical Corp Lentille de contact, son appareil et sa methode de fabrication
FR2562544A1 (fr) * 1984-04-06 1985-10-11 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Procede de coulage de gels polymeres a partir de melanges volatils de monomeres dans des moules ouverts et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

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Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2399043A1 (fr) * 1977-07-25 1979-02-23 American Optical Corp Lentille de contact, son appareil et sa methode de fabrication
FR2562544A1 (fr) * 1984-04-06 1985-10-11 Ceskoslovenska Akademie Ved Procede de coulage de gels polymeres a partir de melanges volatils de monomeres dans des moules ouverts et equipement pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Also Published As

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ES282965A1 (es) 1963-05-01
CH411323A (de) 1966-04-15
DK105436C (da) 1966-09-26
GB990207A (en) 1965-04-28
US3660545A (en) 1972-05-02
NL285986A (de)
AT244579B (de) 1966-01-10
CS108895A (de)
NL137711C (de)

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