DE1291436B - Wasser-in-OEl-Emulsion fuer Schmierzwecke - Google Patents

Wasser-in-OEl-Emulsion fuer Schmierzwecke

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Publication number
DE1291436B
DE1291436B DEL47797A DEL0047797A DE1291436B DE 1291436 B DE1291436 B DE 1291436B DE L47797 A DEL47797 A DE L47797A DE L0047797 A DEL0047797 A DE L0047797A DE 1291436 B DE1291436 B DE 1291436B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
parts
water
oil
oil emulsion
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEL47797A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wiese Herbert Frederick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lubrizol Corp
Original Assignee
Lubrizol Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lubrizol Corp filed Critical Lubrizol Corp
Publication of DE1291436B publication Critical patent/DE1291436B/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
    • C07C51/353—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
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    • C07C55/00—Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
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Description

1 2
Gegenstand der Patentanmeldung P 14 44 857.8 können. Teile beziehen sich auf das Gewicht, wenn
(deutsche Auslegeschrift 1 270 723) ist eine Wasser-in- nichts anderes angegeben ist.
Öl-Emulsion, bestehend aus 1 bis 80 Teilen Wasser, A. Ein Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid wird
20 bis 99 Teilen Mineralöl und 0,2 bis 10 Teilen durch Umsetzen eines chlorierten Polyisobutene mit
entweder 5 Maleinsäureanhydrid bei 200° C hergestellt. Das
a) eines Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallsalzes oder chlorierte Polyisobuten wurde erhalten durch Beeines Salzes mit Ammoniak, einem Hydroxy- handeln eines Polyisobutylene mit einem mittleren alkylamin, Alkylenamin oder einem technischen Molekulargewicht von 1000 mit Chlor bei 104 bis Gemisch von Alkylenaminen einer Alkyl- oder 110°C, bis der Chlorgehalt 4,3% erreicht. Das Alkenyl-Alkenylbernsteinsäure mit mindestens 50 Kohlen- io bernsteinsäureanhydrid hat ein Äquivalentgewicht Stoffatomen im Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylrest bzw. von 518.
deren Chlorsulfonierungsprodukt oder 518 Teile (1 Äquivalent) dieses Polyisobutenyl-
b) eines Esters der Alkyl- oder Alkenylbernstein- bernsteinsäureanhydrids werden mit 200 Teilen (lÄquisäure mit einem Hydroxyalkylamin oder einem valent) Polyäthylenglykol, 7,2 Teilen p-Toluolsulfonteilweise acylierten mehrwertigen Alkohol oder 15 säuremonohydrat und 400 Teilen Xylol versetzt. Das
c) dem Amid, Imid oder Amidin der Alkyl- oder Gemisch wird 10 Stunden auf 140 bis 150° C erhitzt Alkenylbernsteinsäure. und das Reaktionswasser entfernt. Dann werden
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine die flüchtigen Bestandteile bei 105° C/4 Torr ab-Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion in Abänderung gemäß der destilliert. Der Rückstand wird mit 471 Teilen Mineral-Patentanmeldung P 14 44 857.8 (deutsche Auslege- ao öl verdünnt und filtriert. Das Filtrat hat eine Verschrift 1 270 723), die gekennzeichnet ist durch einen seifungszahl von 50.
Gehalt eines Esters der Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylbernstein- B. Zu 300 Teilen (0,545 Äquivalente) Polyiso-
säure mit einem mehrwertigen Alkohol oder Poly- butenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid, hergestellt gemäß A, alkylenglykoläther. gibt man 279 Teile (0,545 Äquivalente) Polypropylen-
Die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion der Erfindung besteht 25 glykol, 382 Teile Mineralöl und 28,5 Teile einer säureebenfalls aus 1 bis 80 Teilen Wasser, 20 bis 99 Teilen aktivierten Bleicherde. Das Gemisch wird auf 150°C Mineralöl und 0,2 bis 10 Teilen des Alkyl- bzw. erhitzt und bei dieser Temperatur 20 Stunden mit Alkenylbernsteinsäureesters. Stickstoff geblasen. Das Gemisch wird noch heiß
Die Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylbernsteinsäureester der filtriert. Das Filtrat hat eine Verseifungszahl von 35. mehrwertigen Alkohole werden in üblicher Weise 30 C. Ein Gemisch aus 3318 Teilen (3 Mol) eines durch Veresterung der Bernsteinsäure bzw. ihres Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrids, hergestellt geAnhydrids mit dem entsprechenden Alkohol her- maß A, mit einer Verseifungszahl von 101, 408 Teilen gestellt. Man kann auch einen Bernsteinsäureester (3 Mol) Pentaerythrit und 2445 Teilen Mineralöl eines relativ flüchtigen Alkohols oder Phenols mit wird 5 Stunden auf 15O0C und 5 Stunden auf 200 dem mehrwertigen Alkohol umestern. 35 bis 210°C erhitzt und anschließend filtriert. Das
Die mehrwertigen Alkohole enthalten vorzugsweise Filtrat hat eine Verseifungszahl von 50,-zwei bis sechs alkoholische Hydroxylgruppen, von D. Ein Gemisch aus 544 Teilen (0,5 Mol) eines denen zumindest eine Hydroxylgruppe nicht substi- Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrids, hergestellt getuiert ist. Beispiele für unsubstituierte mehrwertige maß A, und mit einer Verseifungszahl von 103, Alkohole sind Äthylenglykol, 1,2-Propylenglykol, 40 90,6 Teilen (0,5 Mol) Sorbit und 417 Teilen Mineralöl 1,3-Propylenglykol, Glycerin, Erythrit, Pentaerythrit, wird auf 2000C erhitzt. Das Gemisch wird mit Stick-Arabit, Adonit, Xylit, Mannit, Sorbit, Neopentyl- stoff in einer Menge von 56,61 je Stunde geblasen glykol und Pentaerythrit. Mehrwertige Alkohole und 3V2 Stunden auf 200 bis 210° C erhitzt. Das höheren Molekulargewichts sind ebenfalls brauch- Gemisch wird heiß filtriert. Das Filtrat hat eine Verbar. Beispiele für diese Alkohole sind die ver- 45 seifungszahl von 55.
schiedenen Polyäthylenglykole und Polypropylen- E. Ein Gemisch aus 1156 Teilen (2 Äquivalente)
glykole. eines Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrids, herge-
Die Veresterung der Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylbernstein- stellt gemäß A, 61 Teilen (2 Äquivalente) Glycerin säure mit den vorgenannten mehrwertigen Alkoholen und 800 Teilen Xylol wird 16 Stunden auf 14O0C bzw. Polyalkylenglykoläthern wird im allgemeinen 50 erhitzt und Reaktionswasser entfernt. Das Xylol bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 100°C, Vorzugs- wird bei 150° C/20 Torr abdestilliert. Das Produkt weise oberhalb 130° C, durchgeführt. Die Verwendung hat eine Verseifungszahl von 93. eines Lösungsmittels, wie Benzol, Toluol, Naphtha, - F. Ein Gemisch aus 555 Teilen (1 Äquivalent) Mineralöl, Xylol oder η-Hexan, ist zweckmäßig, eines Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrids, hergeum die Reaktionstemperatur leichter steuern zu 55 stellt gemäß Ä, und 45 Teilen (1 Äquivalent) 1,4-Butankönnen. diol wird 11 Stunden auf 135 bis 190° C erhitzt und
Das Mengenverhältnis von Bernsteinsäure zu dem das Reaktionswasser entfernt. Danach werden 50 Teile mehrwertigen Alkohol wird in der Regel so bemessen, eines Fütrierhilfsmittels und 250 Teile Mineralöl zudaß mindestens etwa ein Zehntel und vorzugsweise gegeben, und es wird filtriert. Das Filtrat hat eine die Hälfte der stöchiometrisch äquivalenten Menge 60 Verseifungszahl von 68.
der Alkoholkomponente je Äquivalent Bernsteinsäure G. Ein Gemisch aus 544 Teilen (1 Äquivalent)
verwendet wird. eines Polyisobutenylbernsteinsäureanhydrids, herge-
Die Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylbernsteinsäureester können stellt gemäß A, 90,6 Teilen (3 Äquivalente) Mannit auch aus den entsprechenden Bernsteinhalogeniden und 417 Teilen Mineralöl wird 31I2 Stunden auf erhalten werden. 65 200 bis 210° C erhitzt und mit Stickstoff geblasen.
Nachstehend werden Vorschriften zur Herstellung Das Gemisch wird noch heiß filtriert. Das Filtrat der Bernsteinsäureester angegeben, die für die Wasser- hat eine Verseifungszahl von 56. in-Öl-Emulsion der Erfindung verwendet werden Für die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion der Erfindung
kann als Öl ein Kohlenwasserstofföl mit einer Viskosität von 50 SUS bei 380C bis 200 SUS bei 99°C verwendet werden. Mineralöle mit Schmierviskositäten sind zur Verwendung in den Emulsionen besonders vorteilhaft. Auch ein Gemisch von Ölen aus verschiedenen Quellen ist brauchbar. Ein derartiges Gemisch kann z. B. aus Mineralölen, pflanzlichen Ölen, tierischen Ölen, synthetischen Ölen des Silicontyps, synthetischen Ölen des Polyolefintyps und synthetischen Ölen des Polyestertyps hergestellt werden.
Die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsionen mit den günstigsten Eigenschaften enthalten 30 bis 50 Teile Wasser und 50 bis 70 Teile Öl. Die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsionen, die als nicht brennbare Hydraulikflüssigkeiten vorgesehen sind, müssen mindestens etwa 30% Wasser enthalten. Die Konzentration des Bernsteinsäureesters in den Emulsionen beträgt vorzugsweise 1 bis 5 Teile je 100 Teile der Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion. Die Hauptfunktion des Bernsteinsäureesters ist die eines Emulgators, obwohl er der Emulsion auch reinigende Eigenschaften verleiht.
Die Emulsionen können einfach dadurch hergestellt werden, daß man in einem Homogenisator oder einer anderen wirksamen Mischvorrichtung Wasser, Öl, den Bernsteinsäureester und andere gewünschte Bestandteile miteinander mischt. Ein Erhitzen der Emulsion während oder nach ihrer Herstellung ist nicht erforderlich. Die Reihenfolge des Mischens der Bestandteile ist ohne Bedeutung. Es ist jedoch zweckmäßig, zunächst ein Ölkonzentrat mit etwa 50 bis 95 Teilen der öllöslichen Bestandteile und etwa 5 bis 50 Teilen Öl herzustellen und dann das Konzentrat mit Wasser in den entsprechenden Mengen zu emulgieren. Dies kann vom Verbraucher vorgenommen werden.
Die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion der Erfindung enthält vorzugsweise noch einen oder mehrere der in der Hauptpatentanmeldung genannten Zusätze.
Die Beispiele erläutern die Konzentrate und Wasserin-Öl-Emulsionen der Erfindung.
Beispiel 1
Gewichtsteile
Produkt von A 9,0
Sojabohnenlecithin 1,8
tert.-Cn~i4-Alkyl-prim.-amm,
Molekulargewicht 191 0,6
Zinksalz der Di-isooctyldithiophos-
phorsäure 3,0
Mineralschmieröl SAE 40 285,6
Antischaummittel 0,0075
Wasser 200
45
Beispiel 2
Gewichtsteile
Produkt von C 9,0
Sojabohnenlecithin 1,8
Primäres Amin von Beispiel 1 0,6
Zinksalz der Di-(heptylphenyl)-dithio-
phosphorsäure 3,7
Mineralschmieröl SAE 40 284,9
Antischaummittel 0,0045
Wasser 200
Beispiel 3
Gewichtsteile
Produkt von B 18,0
Sojabohnenlecithin 3,6
Salpetrigsaures Salz des primären
Amins von Beispiel 1 1,2
Sulfuriertes Spermöl mit einem
Schwefelgehalt von 10 % 18,0
4-Methyl-2,6-di-tert.-butylphenol 3,0
Mineralschmieröl SAE 5 536,2
Antischaummittel 0,015
Wasser 400,0
Die Schmiereigenschaften, insbesondere die verschleißmindernden Eigenschaften der Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsionen, zeigen sich aus den Ergebnissen einer ASTM-Verschleißprüfung. Bei diesem Test wird die Emulsion in einer hydraulischen Pumpe (einer Vickers Flügelradpumpe 104E) verwendet, die unter den folgenden Bedingungen arbeitet: Motordrehzahl U/min; ungefähre Durchflußmenge 30,31 je Minute; Druck 70,3 kg/cm2; Sumpf temperatur 66° C. Zum Vergleich wurde auch eine im Handel erhältliche wasserhaltige Emulsion für Hydraulikflüssigkeiten geprüft. Unter den Versuchsbedingungen zeigten die Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsionen der Erfindung bessere schmierende und verschleißmindernde Eigenschaften.

Claims (1)

  1. Patentanspruch:
    Wasser-in-Öl-Emulsion in Abänderung gemäß der Patentanmeldung P14 44 857.8 (deutsche Auslegeschrift 1270 723), gekennzeichnetdurch einen Gehalt eines Esters der Alkyl- bzw. Alkenylbernsteinsäure mit einem mehrwertigen Alkohol oder Polyalkylenglykoläther.
DEL47797A 1961-08-30 1964-05-12 Wasser-in-OEl-Emulsion fuer Schmierzwecke Pending DE1291436B (de)

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US13486061A 1961-08-30 1961-08-30
US18894762A 1962-04-20 1962-04-20
US280453A US3255108A (en) 1961-08-30 1963-05-14 Water-in-oil emulsions containing succinic esters

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US3255108A (en) 1966-06-07
GB1059847A (en) 1967-02-22
GB1009197A (en) 1965-11-10
DE1270723B (de) 1968-06-20

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