DE102007014366A1 - Reinforcement device for prefabricated parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The The invention relates to a reinforcement device (6) for prefabricated parts (1), which consists of several elements arranged largely parallel to each other (2, 3) consist of curable casting material (G) and by at least one reinforcement device (6) are interconnected. The reinforcement device (6) is realized by tensile and / or pressure elements (7), which by means of a Composite component (8) are interconnected, wherein both the Ends of the tensile and / or pressure elements (8) and the edges the composite components (8) in the casting compound (G) of each other largely are anchored parallel to each other arranged elements (2, 3).

Description

The The present invention relates to a reinforcement device for prefabricated parts, which consist of several largely parallel consist of mutually arranged elements made of curable Casting produced and the by at least one reinforcement device connected to each other.

such Reinforcement devices are in high numbers and many embodiments known.

From the DE 2 139 197 A1 it is known in buildings with lost formwork to provide two cast or sprayed formwork walls as permanent formwork and use a Baustahlgewebe in the cast shuttering walls so that the nodes are pressed into the still liquid plastic shuttering, so that the nodes of the reinforcing bars of Baustahlgewebes after the Curing of the plastic are completely enclosed. Structural steel mesh is difficult to handle and must be adapted to the individual requirements of the individual case, which complicates a rational production of finished parts and expensive.

Another solution for the manufacture of prefabricated construction is in the DE 2 305 651 A1 shown and described. There, too, the disadvantages of Moniereisen-deposits and Baustahlgewebe are discussed in detail, in particular, the cumbersome, expensive and time-consuming preparation and processing are listed in this document. In contrast, the production of cast-ready reinforced concrete should be facilitated by the invention described therein, that solidification, z. B. steel rods are added to the casting concrete in small and / or larger versions during casting. The steel rods should be specially shaped. As exemplary deformations there is specified that they should be so surface deformed that they continuously in the axial direction of their cross section in a smooth transition continuously from flat to square to round and turn to square too flat respectively about the axis - preferably 180 ° - and be repeatedly deformed, the material cross section remains approximately always in the same cross-sectional size. These continuously deformed rods are bent in their longitudinal axis so that each rod occupies a flat, spiral shape, wherein the rotation of this spiral is preferably about 1 1/2 revolutions, that is rotated by about 540 °. Understandably, the shape of the rods described by the drawings attached there. As advantages, a reduced rate of sinking in cast concrete due to the special shape are cited there. In addition, the contact with the outer surfaces of the finished part to be cast should be minimal, and due to the 540 ° twisting and bending a better bond with the cast concrete can be produced, which should provide the highest possible additional strength and elasticity with minimal use of steel. Further advantages are given in the description there.

Out However, this document is not apparent, as the static Stability of prefabricated parts to be cast could be determined. Furthermore, it is not apparent that a defined composite of outer shells and cast concrete could come about. Summarized is the publication not to see how reinforcing elements could be designed which can be used in multi-shell finished parts and their strength defined determinable.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object, a reinforcement device which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art, and the latest in use in precast manufacturing Statements regarding statics, thermal insulation, Corrosion resistance and the like. Bill carries, but still has a low mass, low production costs caused and a simple and therefore cost-effective processing allowed.

These The object is achieved by a device having the features of the claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments are the dependent Claims to be taken.

Especially advantageous is a reinforcement device for prefabricated parts, which consists of several largely parallel to each other Consist of elements made of hardenable casting compound and by at least one reinforcement device with each other are connected when the reinforcement of a composite of at least two tensile and / or pressure elements exists between the arranged parallel to each other elements and the in whose curable casting material can be anchored.

Advantageous is a reinforcement device even if the reinforcement device from a composite of at least two tensile and / or pressure elements where the longitudinal axis of at least one train and / or pressure element substantially perpendicular to the plane of the parallel extends to each other arranged elements.

In addition, a reinforcing device is advantageous if the composite of the at least two tensile and / or pressure elements is produced by a composite component, which is between located at the ends of the tension and / or pressure elements, and is spatially reset relative to these ends, said ends are anchored in the curable casting composition.

Very It is advantageous if the composite component by a flat Is formed with a wavy cross-section element, or if it is due to a flat element with a meandering cross-section is formed.

Furthermore It may be advantageous if the composite component by a flat Element with textured surface is formed, or when the composite component is formed by a wire-like element becomes.

reinforcement devices are then advantageously used, if they are in multiple execution arranged between the mutually parallel elements and anchored in the curable casting material are.

to particularly favorable processing of reinforcement devices It is recommended that they can be magazines in multiple versions is.

A Reinforcing device is then designed particularly favorable, when the composite component extends in a plane that is perpendicular between runs parallel to each other arranged elements and when facing the elements arranged parallel to each other Outside edges of the composite component in their curable casting can be anchored.

About that In addition, it is advantageous if the composite component in a Plane that extends vertically between the parallel to each other arranged elements, wherein the parallel to each other arranged elements facing outer edges of the composite component in the hardenable casting compound form-fitting can be anchored.

Especially A reinforcement device is also advantageous if the tension and / or pressure elements between the mutually parallel Elements can be arranged and designed so that they harden in their Casting are positively anchored.

As well It may be advantageous if the tensile and / or pressure elements in several parts are executed.

The Tensile and / or pressure elements can be advantageously consist of different materials. For example, you can the tensile and / or pressure elements consist of fiber composite materials, or they can be made of metallic materials.

A Reinforcing device can also be designed advantageously, if the composite component is designed in several parts, wherein the Composite component may consist of different materials. These Materials may be fiber composite materials and / or metallic Be materials.

Very Advantageously, a reinforcement device can be configured, if consists of a composite of three tensile and / or pressure elements, wherein the longitudinal axis of a tensile and / or pressure element substantially perpendicular to the plane of the mutually parallel Elements runs, and the longitudinal axes of the two other tensile and / or pressure elements at a small angle to Longitudinal axis of the vertical tension and / or pressure element run.

A advantageous reinforcement device also results when they consists of a composite of several tensile and / or pressure elements, the longitudinal axes of the tensile and / or pressure elements in a small angle to the perpendicular to the plane of the parallel run to each other arranged elements.

With Help of embodiments will become the invention below explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

It shows

1 a prefabricated part with deployable reinforcement;

2 a prefabricated part with inserted reinforcement device in partial section;

3 a side view of in 2 inserted reinforcement device;

4 a detailed view of a unilaterally inserted reinforcement device;

5 a reinforcing device with wave-shaped cross section;

6 a variant of a reinforcement device with different tensile and / or pressure elements;

7 a further variant of a reinforcement device;

8th an additional variant of a reinforcement device;

9 a tensile and / or pressure element;

10 various multipart tension and / or pressure elements;

11 various multipart tension and / or pressure elements made of different materials;

11 a further variant of a reinforcement device in two views;

12 a detail of a cast reinforcement device;

13 Tensile and / or pressure elements in magazinierbarer multiple arrangement;

14 a variant with inclined tensile and / or pressure elements;

15 a meandering reinforcement device and

16 another variant with comb-like serrated outer edge.

In 1 is a prefabricated part 1 represented in the form of a double-shelled wall. A double-shell wall consists here, for example, of two mutually parallel elements 2 and 3 which are also used as indoor 2 and outer shell 3 be designated. Into the two inner 2 and outer shells 3 is always structural steel or Baustahlgewebe 4 . 5 poured, and in each case already in the production of the individual shells, as described in detail in an earlier, but not yet published application of the applicants. With the reference number 6 is a reinforcement device referred to above the prefabricated part 1 is shown. The reinforcement device 6 has several tensile and / or pressure elements 7 on which by a composite component 8th connected to each other. The composite component 8th located between the free ends of the tensile and / or pressure elements 7 and is set back from these spatially. The reinforcement device 6 is in the case of an already completed wall - that through the prefabricated part 1 was formed - between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 3 , thus deviating from the representation in 1 , In 1 should be illustrated in which orientation the reinforcement 6 between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 3 should be positioned. An arrow 9 make this clear. After the reinforcement 6 in the manufacture of the prefabricated part 1 in its position between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 3 positioned and the bivalve wall is erected vertically, it is poured with hardenable casting compound, here with concrete G. The reinforcement device 6 then serves to stiffen the prefabricated part 1 ,

In 2 is a prefabricated part 1 with inserted reinforcement device 6 illustrated in partial section, and in 3 is a reinforcement 6 , as in the embodiment in 2 is used, shown in cross section. As in 2 illustrates is the composite component 8th with its on the outside edges 10 extending areas in the mutually parallel inner and outer shells 2 and 3 anchored. This anchoring is done by insertion into the not yet cured casting G in the production of the individual inner and outer shells 2 and 3 , The tensile and / or pressure elements dive 7 far into the casting mass G. It is advantageous if the tension and / or pressure elements 7 not to the outer surfaces of the inner and outer shells 2 and 3 pass. A sufficient distance between the outer surfaces of the inner and outer shells 2 and 3 and the ends of the tensile and / or pressure elements 7 gives good corrosion protection and good thermal insulation, since cold bridges are avoided. If this requirement is not met, the tensile and / or pressure elements can also up to the outer surfaces of the inner and outer shell 2 and 3 penetrate.

The areas of the outer edges 10 of the composite component 8th be used in the manufacture of the elements that make up the inner and outer shells 2 and 3 exist, anchored in these. Each of the elements 2 or 3 is poured in a mold. This method is well known and should not be exhaustive 4 only briefly be listed, then the insertion of the reinforcing devices according to the invention 6 to be able to explain. In a horizontal mold, which has a generally smooth shuttering surface, concrete or other curable Gießmasse G is filled to a predetermined height. The resulting plate made of concrete or other hardenable casting compound is reinforced with a reinforcement of structural steel or Baustahlgewebe 4 provided and poured this by further filling the mold with concrete or other curable casting material G. In this horizontally located, not yet cured slab of cast concrete or other curable casting G are the reinforcing devices of the invention 6 used. This happens in such a way that at least one reinforcement device 6 with the tensile and / or pressure elements 7 is pushed ahead in the not yet cured casting G. The tensile and / or pressure elements 7 glide on the cast as a reinforcing steel mesh 4 over and the outer edge 10 of the composite component 8th the reinforcement 6 dips into the casting compound G until it comes in contact with the Baustahlgewebe 4 gets and rests there. Subsequently, the casting compound G hardens. After curing, the element 2 taken from the mold, the se cleaned and a new layer of casting compound is used to make another element 3 (Not shown) filled in the mold with Baustahlgewebe 5 reinforced and this completely poured. Before this new plate hardens into a solid element, the already finished element 2 with the reinforcement devices therein 6 and the tensile and / or pressure elements 7 in advance in the not yet cured casting G of the second element 3 used until the still free outer edge 11 of the composite component 8th also with this element 3 on the structural steel mesh 5 pushes and rests there. In this position, the casting compound G of the second element hardens 3 off and a double-shell prefabricated part 1 is made. This double-shell prefabricated part 1 is taken out of the mold, placed vertically and is in the position as in 2 is shown. From this representation it can be seen that the reinforcement device 6 each with the areas of the outer edges 10 and 11 their composite component 8th in the cured casting compound G of the inner and outer shells 2 and 3 is anchored and a significant contribution to the stability of the prefabricated part 1 contributes.

In 4 is a reinforcement 6 shown in perspective. This reinforcement device 6 corresponds to the previously described reinforcement devices 6 from the 1 to 4 , she is in 3 shown in cross section. The waveform of the cross section of their composite component 8th is particularly well suited to the prefabricated part 1 to ensure sufficient stability with low weight, ease of use and low cost. The material suitable for this embodiment, any material with sufficient strength, standard corrugated metal appears particularly advantageous. The execution of the tensile and / or pressure elements 7 is rod-cylindrical in this embodiment. They are in any suitable manner on the composite component 8th fixed

In 6 is a variant of a reinforcement device 12 shown in which the wavy composite component 13 made of stronger material, such as fiber composite material. In this fiber composite material can be arbitrarily shaped tensile and / or pressure elements insert. To illustrate the different possibilities are here on a composite component 13 simultaneously shown several examples. With the reference number 14 is a tensile and / or pressure element with a straight prismatic cross section called. The reference number 15 stands for a club-shaped tension and / or pressure element. With 16 short-wave curved tensile and / or pressure element is called and the 17 stands for a rod-cylindrical-cylindrical tensile and / or pressure element, as in 5 , With the reference number 18 is a long-wave curved tensile and / or pressure element referred to and 19 stands for a serrated pulling and / or pressure element. The respective cross sections are adapted to the shape.

In a further variant of a reinforcement device 20 according to 7 It is shown that still other embodiments for tensile and / or pressure elements are conceivable. With breakthroughs 21 in the surface of a composite component 22 the anchoring in the casting material G is still improved. With the reference numerals 23 and 24 rod-cylindrical tensile and / or pressure elements are referred to with different diameters. The reference numerals 25 and 26 stand for helical tension and / or pressure elements with different cross-sections, also jagged tensile and / or pressure elements with 27 and meandering tensile and / or pressure elements with 28 designated.

In 8th is another variant of a reinforcement device 29 which essentially represents the reinforcement device 20 according to 7 equivalent. The composite component 30 points opposite the reinforcement 20 no breakthroughs, the tensile and / or pressure elements are largely identical and are therefore provided with the same reference numerals.

9 shows a tensile and / or pressure element 31 , which is rod-shaped cylindrical, and at its front ends in each case a tuft of wires 32 carries, which may be welded, for example.

In the different ways to design the tensile and / or pressure elements in the 10 to 12 Referenced.

In 10 is shown that a tensile and / or pressure element 33 can also be joined together from several separate parts. In one of these embodiments, there is a hollow cylindrical central part 33a , in each of which an end piece from both ends 33b and 33c can be introduced by means of an unspecified approach. These three items combine to form a complete tensile and / or pressure element 33 , while the tails can 33b and 33c be chamfered at their respective free end faces. In addition, there is the possibility of a tensile and / or pressure element of a cylindrical central part 33d manufacture, at the end faces in each case a matching tail 33e and 33f can be attached. Such variations are particularly useful when the middle parts and the end pieces are made of different materials, or if they have different surface finish. For example, the end pieces may be roughened or otherwise struc tured to be better anchored in the casting material G.

A very similar variant is in 11 In this embodiment, there is a hollow cylindrical central part 34a , in each of which an end piece from both ends 34b and 34c can be introduced by means of an unspecified approach. These three items combine to form a complete tensile and / or pressure element 34 , while the tails can 34b and 34c be chamfered at their respective free end faces. In addition, there is the possibility of a tensile and / or pressure element of a cylindrical central part 34d manufacture, at the end faces in each case a matching tail 34e and 34f can be attached. Such variations are particularly useful when the middle parts and the end pieces are made of different materials, or if they have different surface finish. The end pieces can be sanded, for example, in order to be better anchored in the casting material G.

In 12 is again a detail of an inner shell 2 shown in which a tensile and / or pressure element 35 is anchored in the casting material G. The front side of the tension and / or pressure element 35 has a teardrop-shaped end region 36 on, which is positively fixed in the casting material G. The unspecified outer edge of a likewise unspecified composite component is also anchored in an already described manner in the casting compound and largely corresponds to the above-described embodiments.

In 13 is very schematically shown an advantageous development of a reinforcing device according to the invention: A number of tensile and / or pressure elements 37 . 38 . 39 are through a composite component 40 connected with each other. The composite component is here as an arrangement of parallel wires 40 realized. To improve the fixation in the casting material G can additional wireforms 41 be provided. This embodiment illustrates the possibility of winding a plurality of reinforcement devices on a roll and thus make it magazinierbar.

In 14 is shown that the tensile and / or pressure elements 42 . 43 . 44 to each other can also take small angles, and that they through a metal strip 45 can be connected to each other. In this embodiment, the weight is extremely reduced, which ensures lowest material consumption and lowest cost with sufficient strength. Again, the surface of the tensile and / or pressure elements can be structured in any desired manner.

Finally, a reinforcement device 46 feasible, in which the composite component 47 has a meandering cross-section. The tensile and / or pressure elements 48 . 49 and 50 are inserted into the meander suitable and can be configured arbitrarily.

Another embodiment is in 16 shown. On a formwork panel 51 which is a part of a casting mold, as already described above, is a structural steel mesh 52 placed. This structural steel fabric 52 stabilizes the inner or outer shell, which should be cast. A reinforcement 53 is with rectangular cutouts 54 provided in which the bars 57 of structural steel fabric 52 protrude. Cutouts can also be used as comb-like cutouts 55 be formed and the edge of the reinforcement 53 form. The comb-like cutouts 55 engage in the further manufacturing process of the inner or outer shell in the reinforcement formed by the reinforcing steel of the second, later to be cast inner or outer shell. A composite of pressure and / or tension elements is in this embodiment by a contiguous, flat structure 58 created by a band as a composite component 59 is stabilized.

The The above embodiments make it clear that a reinforcement device according to the invention in varied shape can be designed without the inventive To leave thoughts. Thus, the described embodiments in no way limit the invention, but rather show that the invention designed in the differentiated manner can be.

1

Prefabricated part

2

inner shell

3

outer shell

4

reinforcing

5

reinforcing

6

reinforcing device

7

Train- and / or pressure element

8th

Composite device

9

arrow

10

Area Outer edge of the composite component

11

Area Outer edge of the composite component

12

reinforcing device

13

Composite device

14

Train- and / or pressure element

15

Train- and / or pressure element

16

Train- and / or pressure element

17

Train- and / or pressure element

18

Train- and / or pressure element

19

Train- and / or pressure element

20

reinforcing device

21

breakthrough

22

Composite device

23

Train- and / or pressure element

24

Train- and / or pressure element

25

Train- and / or pressure element

26

Train- and / or pressure element

27

Train- and / or pressure element

28

Train- and / or pressure element

29

reinforcing device

30

Composite device

31

Train- and / or pressure element

32

wires

33

multipart Tensile and / or pressure element

33a

midsection

33b

tail

33c

tail

33d

midsection

33e

tail

33f

tail

34

multipart Tensile and / or pressure element

34a

midsection

34b

tail

34c

tail

34d

midsection

34e

tail

34f

tail

35

Train- and / or pressure element

36

teardrop end

37

Train- and / or pressure element

38

Train- and / or pressure element

39

Train- and / or pressure element

40

connecting wire

41

anchor wire

42

Train- and / or pressure element

43

Train- and / or pressure element

44

Train- and / or pressure element

45

Composite device

46

reinforcing device

47

Composite device

48

Train- and / or pressure element

49

Train- and / or pressure element

50

Train- and / or pressure element

51

shuttering panel

52

reinforcing

53

reinforcing device

54

rectangular cutouts

55

comb-like cutouts

56

edge the reinforcement

57

rods

58

Train- and / or pressure element

59

Composite device

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 2139197 A1 [0003]
• DE 2305651 A1 [0004]

Claims (26)

Reinforcing device for prefabricated parts, which consist of a plurality of elements arranged substantially parallel to each other, which are made of hardenable casting compound and which are interconnected by at least one reinforcing device, characterized in that the reinforcing device ( 6 . 12 . 20 . 29 . 46 . 53 ) from a composite of at least two tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) between the parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ) and can be anchored in the curable casting compound (G). Reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement device ( 6 . 12 . 20 . 29 . 46 . 53 ) from a composite of at least two tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 43 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ), wherein the longitudinal axis of at least one tensile and / or pressure element ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 43 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) substantially perpendicular to the plane of the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ) runs. Reinforcement device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composite of the at least two tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) by a composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 40 . 41 . 45 . 47 . 59 ), which extends between the ends ( 33b . 33c . 33e . 33f ; 34b . 34c . 34e . 34f ) of the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ), and opposite these ends ( 33b . 33c . 33e . 33f ; 34b . 34c . 34e . 34f ) is spatially reset, these ends ( 33b . 33c . 33e . 33f ; 34b . 34c . 34e . 34f ) can be anchored in the curable casting compound (G). Reinforcement device according to claim 3, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 ) is formed by a planar element with a wave-shaped cross section. Reinforcement device according to claim 3, characterized in that the composite component by a planar element with a meandering cross-section ( 47 ) is formed. Reinforcement device according to claim 3, characterized in that the composite component ( 22 ) by a flat element with a structured surface ( 21 ) is formed. Reinforcement device according to claim 3, characterized in that the composite component ( 40 . 45 ) is formed by a wire-like element. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are arranged in multiple form between the elements (10) arranged parallel to each other ( 2 . 3 ) can be arranged and anchored in the curable casting compound (G). Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that they are in multiple Can be magazineed. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 45 . 47 . 59 ) extends in a plane which is perpendicular between the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ) runs. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 47 . 59 ) extends in a plane which is perpendicular between the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ), wherein the elements arranged parallel to one another ( 2 . 3 ) facing outer edges ( 10 . 11 . 56 ) of the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 47 . 59 ) are anchored in the curable casting compound (G). Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 47 . 59 ) extends in a plane which is perpendicular between the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ), wherein the elements arranged parallel to one another ( 2 . 3 ) facing outer edges ( 10 . 11 . 56 ) of the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 47 . 59 ) in the curable casting compound (G) are positively anchored. Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) between the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ) can be arranged and are designed so that they are positively anchored in the curable casting compound (G). Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 33 . 34 ) are made in several parts. Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 33 . 34 ) consist of different materials. Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) consist of fiber composite materials. Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 7 . 14 . 15 . 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 . 31 . 33 . 34 . 35 . 37 . 38 . 39 . 42 . 43 . 44 . 48 . 49 . 50 . 58 ) consist of metallic materials. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 40 . 41 ) is executed in several parts. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 40 . 41 ) consists of different materials. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 40 . 41 . 45 . 47 . 59 ) consists of fiber composite materials. Reinforcing device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component ( 8th . 13 . 22 . 30 . 40 . 41 . 45 . 47 . 59 ) consists of metallic materials. Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement device ( 6 . 12 . 20 . 29 . 46 . 53 ) of a composite of three tensile and / or pressure elements ( 42 . 43 . 44 ), wherein the longitudinal axis of a tensile and / or pressure element ( 43 ) substantially perpendicular to the plane of the parallel to each other arranged elements ( 2 . 3 ), and the longitudinal axes of the other two tensile and / or pressure elements ( 42 . 44 ) at a small angle to the longitudinal axis of the vertical tension and / or pressure element ( 43 ). Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement device ( 6 . 12 . 20 . 29 . 46 . 53 ) from a composite of several tensile and / or pressure elements ( 42 . 44 ), wherein the longitudinal axes of the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 42 . 44 ) at a small angle to the normal to the plane of the mutually parallel elements ( 2 . 3 ). Reinforcement device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement device ( 6 . 12 . 20 . 29 . 46 . 53 ) from a composite of tensile and / or pressure elements ( 58 ), wherein between or in the tension and / or pressure elements ( 58 ) Free space ( 54 . 55 ), which of rods ( 57 ) is penetratable, the part of reinforcing elements ( 52 ) of the inner or outer shells ( 2 . 3 ) are. Reinforcement device according to claim 24, characterized in that the free spaces ( 54 ) by rectangular cutouts ( 54 ) in the tension and / or pressure elements ( 58 ) are formed. Reinforcement device according to claim 24, characterized in that the free spaces ( 55 ) by means of a comb-like serrated outer edge ( 56 ) of the tensile and / or pressure elements ( 58 ) are formed.