EP4253693A1 - Spacer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100) for transporting a concrete part or for maintaining a distance between concrete parts (300), in particular between concrete walls or the concrete shells of a concrete double wall during their production, which device (100) has: - a spacer or transport rod (120) with a longitudinal axis (125), wherein the spacer or transport rod (120) is designed or can be designed with a conical extension (123) towards at least one longitudinal end, - a recess tube (130) or another elongated hollow recess body , - at at least one end of the spacer or transport rod (120) a fixing device (140,141), which is or can be arranged releasably, the fixing device (140,141) for determining the position with the spacer or transport rod (120) frictionally or positively against displacement is connected or connectable along the longitudinal axis (125).The invention further relates to a stiffening body for absorbing tensile, compressive, shearing and torsional forces for transporting a concrete part or for determining the position of two concrete parts. The invention further relates to a connecting support (170) for use in a multi-part stiffening body (150).

Description

• einen Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab mit einer Längsachse, wobei der Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab zu mindestens einem Längsende hin mit einem Abstandhaltefuß mit einer sonstigen Verbreiterung oder einer konischen Erweiterung ausgebildet oder ausbildbar ist,
• ein Aussparungsrohr oder einen sonstigen länglichen Aussparungs-Hohlkörper zur Aufnahme des Abstandhalte- oder Transportstabs,
• an wenigstens einem Ende des Abstandhalte- oder Transportstabs eine auch Standfuß genannte Fixiereinrichtung, die lösbar angeordnet ist oder angeordnet werden kann.

The invention relates to a device, also known as a spacer, for transporting a concrete part or for maintaining a distance between concrete parts, in particular between concrete walls or the concrete shells of a concrete double wall during their production

• a spacer or transport rod with a longitudinal axis, the spacer or transport rod being designed or capable of being designed towards at least one longitudinal end with a spacer foot with another widening or a conical widening,
• a recess tube or other elongated recess hollow body to accommodate the spacer or transport rod,
• At at least one end of the spacer or transport rod there is a fixing device, also known as a base, which is or can be arranged in a detachable manner.

• ein erstes Druckaufnahme- oder Verankerungselement mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung und ein zweites Druckaufnahme- oder Verankerungselement mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung und
• eine Verbindungseinrichtung zur Lagefestlegung des ersten Druckaufnahme- oder Verankerungselements relativ zu dem zweiten Druckaufnahme- oder Verankerungselement.

The invention also relates to a one-piece or multi-part stiffening body, also known as a torsion or centering anchor, for absorbing tensile, compressive, shearing and torsional forces for transporting a concrete part or for determining the position of two concrete parts

• a first pressure-receiving or anchoring element with a through-opening and a second pressure-receiving or anchoring element with a through-opening and
• a connecting device for determining the position of the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element relative to the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element.

The invention further relates to a connection support, also known as a bracket support, preferably with an elongated connection body, having a pressure-receiving or anchoring element with a through opening, in particular for use in a multi-part stiffening body.

Reusable wall spacers are known (see online catalog of BGW-Bohr GmbH, accessed on February 7, 2022, 9:15 a.m. at http: // www.bgw-bohr.de / pdf / Deutsch_Gesamt.pdf, there page 7), by means of which two opposite sides of a standing in-situ concrete formwork can be connected to one another in such a way that the liquid concrete can be filled into the formwork, whereby this Both sides of the formwork must be kept parallel to each other. With this spacer, a spacer or transport rod is pushed into a plastic slot tube, which is thereby expanded. If the spacer or transport rod is pulled out of the slot tube, the latter returns to its original size and can easily be pulled out of the opening in the concrete part.

From the still unpublished German patent application 10 2021 129 101.1 These wall spacers are supplemented by, among other things, a pressure-receiving or anchoring element so that they can also be used when producing concrete double walls with turning stations. When concreting the second shell, the pressure is absorbed by the already concreted first shell, which has been turned upwards. For the same purpose, spacers with a cross structure are described in the aforementioned BGW online catalog, page 148, in which a crossbar acts as a pressure-receiving or anchoring element.

Even if the production of concrete double walls in precast factories is efficient and cost-effective, numerous other challenges arise. If the space between the concrete shells is filled with fresh concrete, the concrete shells are pushed apart. There is also a risk of the concrete shells slipping or twisting relative to one another. In addition to spacers, so-called lattice girders are used in the prior art (for example sandwich panel anchors from the aforementioned BGW online catalog, page 202 there) in order to sew the concrete shells together before pouring in fresh concrete. Finally, to transport the double wall, separate transport anchors are required in order to couple a crane hook or other external means of transport to the double wall. Spacers, lattice girders and transport anchors remain in the concrete after the double wall has been manufactured without fulfilling a static function. They are essentially lost and even form undesirable thermal bridges, which affect the insulating properties of the Lower concrete wall.

In the EP 2 140 077 B1 The concrete shells are connected by means of additional tension, compression and shear elements, which have a flat element with a wave-shaped or meandering cross-section that can be anchored in a form-fitting manner in the flowable concrete mass. In the EP 2 792 805 B1 Multi-directional reinforcement cages are also used between the concrete shells in order to obtain particularly stable walls in earthquake-prone areas.

Also known are, for example, from DE 10 2018 116 542 A1 Components for connecting already hardened concrete parts are known.

It is the object of the present invention to avoid disadvantages from the prior art and to create a spacer which is suitable for the production of double walls in the precast concrete factory and other uses and can be removed from the finished concrete part largely without leaving any residue.

The object is achieved by a device according to claim 1, a stiffening body according to claim 9 and a connecting carrier according to claim 15. Optional embodiments of the invention result from the dependent subclaims, which are explained below.

The invention of the type mentioned at the beginning is characterized in that the fixing device is connected or can be connected to the spacer or transport rod in a friction-locking or positive-locking manner to prevent displacement along the longitudinal axis in order to determine its position.

The longitudinal axis corresponds to the rod axis or the center or central axis of the spacer or transport rod. In this context, fixing the position means that the fixing device is secured against unintentional or unwanted displacement along the rod axis. The fixing device and the spacer or transport rod are detachably connected to one another However, simply pulling it out by exerting a tensile force along the rod axis is not possible. As a result, this connection can hold a hardened first concrete shell when producing the second concrete shell of a double wall. The expansion of the fixing device replaces the pressure washer known from comparable devices. The pressure washer can be saved, meaning one less component is required. A large number of the components previously used to reinforce and stabilize the double walls can be replaced by the device according to the invention. Up to 90% steel can be saved and the number of thermal bridges through the component can be reduced. The thermal insulation properties of a concrete wall are improved. By using less steel, the overall weight of the concrete wall can be reduced. The assembly effort and storage costs are also reduced. Within the scope of this embodiment, each of the three components of the device can also be reused. In addition, pressure-retaining elements, anchoring elements or stiffening bodies can be used, which remain in the concrete part after hardening. The rod can be used both as a distance control rod and as a transport rod. Instead of a conical extension, an extension without a cone can also be used as a spacer foot on the spacer or transport rod. The fixing device is designed to exert magnetic adhesion and holding forces. Instead of steel or metal, the spacer or transport rod can also be made of carbon or glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin. The spacer or transport rod that determines the wall thickness can be removed from the base or the fixing device. Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, the spacer comprises the recess hollow body, preferably with a longitudinal slot (so-called slot tube) axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spacer or transport rod, which penetrates the hollow body wall into the interior. With the help of this slot tube or other hollow recess body, the spacer or transport rod can be shielded from being exposed to concrete and can be removed more easily from the hardened concrete part.

For a particularly easy-to-implement securing of the fixing device against axial displacement along the rod or the longitudinal axis, the fixing device is connected to one end of the spacer or transport rod by means of a Screw connection connected or connectable.

By using a screw connection, the magnetic force of the fixing device is no longer required so that the spacer or transport rod adheres to the fixing device. Rather, the magnetic force is only required to hold the fixing device on the magnetizable frame formwork. The magnetic force can therefore be weaker, which means that permanent magnetic material can be saved in the fixing device. The spacer or transport rod is provided with an external thread, for example Dywidag DW15 external thread. This allows the spacer or transport rod to be screwed into the fixing device, in particular into the base. This allows you to change the overall length of the spacer and thus the thickness of the concrete part to be manufactured to a certain extent, for example by a few centimeters. In addition, the external thread makes it easier to pull the spacer or transport rod out of the slot tube because there is less contact surface between the outer jacket of the spacer or transport rod and the inner jacket of the slot tube. By using screw connections, common tools can be used to loosen the spacers. By being designed with a screw connection, the spacer or transport rod can be replaced during various process steps for producing a concrete wall. For example, if the space between the concrete shells is filled with a very large amount of fresh concrete, the filling and compaction pressure increases. If there is a risk that the device will not be able to maintain this pressure safely, you can remove the spacer from the concrete shells and replace it with a framework similar to frame formwork for additional safety. Only the recess tube remains in the double wall until it is finally completed. In this case, the passage in the double wall kept clear by the recess tube can be used to pass through a tension rod, which holds frame formwork in place on both sides of the double wall.

It is very advantageous if the spacer or transport rod is designed or can be designed with a conical extension at both longitudinal ends. Due to the conical extensions at both ends of the spacer or Transport rods or the spacer form contact or holding surfaces for the hardened concrete shells. These contact or holding surfaces essentially grip behind the concrete shells and prevent the concrete shells from being pushed apart when the space between the concrete shells is filled. Compressive or tensile forces along the longitudinal axis of the spacer or transport rod are absorbed by the cones. As a result, the further developed device can replace the steel frame formwork in conjunction with the concrete shells themselves. These frame formworks are otherwise required if the space between the hardened concrete shells has to be filled with fresh concrete. This connection with cones is already quite secure because for the device to fail, the filling or compression pressure would have to break the spacer or transport rod or tear the base or spacer foot out of the thread. The process of putting on and removing the frame formwork can be eliminated, which speeds up the construction of a concrete double wall. A conical extension at one end of the spacer or transport rod can be provided by the base, the other conical extension by a conical cap that tapers towards its opening, which is plugged, screwed or glued onto the spacer or transport rod as a spacer foot. Another advantage of conical extensions is that in the production of concrete parts, an opening created by the spacer in the concrete part is also conically expanded towards its ends, so that the spacer can be removed more easily from the concrete part. The opening ends, which expand conically outwards, can be closed with known complementary-conical sealing plugs, sealing covers or sealing cones. In order to be able to use sealing lids that are uniform on both sides, an advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in designing the spacer or transport rod or the spacer at both longitudinal ends with extensions which have the same conical shape.

For a particularly safe device, a first pressure-receiving or anchoring element, which can be assigned to a first concrete part, and a second pressure-receiving or anchoring element, which can be assigned to a second concrete part, are connected or connectable to the spacer or transport rod.

The first concrete part can be the first concrete shell of the double wall and the second concrete part can be the second concrete shell of the double wall. Of the several individual parts that make up the spacer, only the pressure-receiving or anchoring element remains in the manufactured concrete part, in the case of a double wall in the respective concrete shells. The function of the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element is to absorb the load of the first produced and hardened concrete wall half or concrete shell in the precast concrete plant manufacturing process of the concrete double wall, after the latter has passed through a shaking station and is thereby compacted, dried and moved upwards to a turning station and has been turned. While the first double wall half rests on the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element held in the spacer, the second double wall half can be formed with fresh concrete on the formwork base, on which the end of the spacer or its spacer or transport rod rests, with the second pressure-receiving element or anchoring element is immersed in the not yet hardened concrete of the second concrete shell.

Preferably, the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements each have a continuous opening through which the spacer or transport rod is guided or can be guided.

The pressure-receiving or anchoring elements are designed with a continuous, central or central opening, for example in the manner of a thin-walled perforated plate or a thin-walled annular disk. Thin-walled corresponds to a wall thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1-4 mm, in particular 2-3 mm. Alternatively or additionally, pressure-receiving or anchoring elements are designed as connecting carriers or connecting device carriers for coupling with reinforcing steel. The spacer or transport rod is guided or can be guided through this opening. The stiffening body also serves as a centering aid for the spacer.

For particularly good compensation of shear and torsional forces, the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements are part of a stiffening body formed, wherein the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements are connected to one another by a connecting device.

Base, spacer or transport bar and stiffening body work together to hold the first concrete shell in position when producing the second concrete shell. The stiffening body replaces pressure washers known from German patent application 10 2021 129 101.1 and further develops them. Such a device can replace the spacers, transport anchors, torsion anchors and the frame formwork known in the prior art, which have typically been required to produce and transport the double walls. For one-piece or multi-part designs of the stiffening body, please refer to the following information.

So that the double wall can be transported without additional attachments, the spacer or transport rod is partially surrounded by the connecting device of the stiffening body, the stiffening body having access for a textile coupling band or another external means of transport.

Devices with suitable diagonal reinforcement can also be used as transport anchors to transport the hardened double wall. The device forms, for example, access for a coupling band or other transport coupling in the area of the recess tube. The spacers according to the invention can therefore be used to transport the concrete parts and at the same time statically form a load-bearing reinforcement which fixes the two concrete shells of the double wall in position. i.e. protects against unintentional shifting and twisting of the concrete shells relative to one another.

Preferably, the recess tube or the recess hollow body are formed with elastic-reversible material and are enlarged or enlargeable or modified or changeable in their diameter or inner extent by receiving the spacer or transport rod and the recess tube or the recess hollow body is further with a axially parallel longitudinal slot, which penetrates its wall into the interior of the pipe or hollow body.

By providing the elastic-reversible recess hollow body with an axially parallel longitudinal slot, which passes through its wall into the interior of the pipe or hollow body, the recess hollow body can be expanded in diameter or in its other extent by changing the width of the axially parallel longitudinal slot Reduce. This means that it can be removed from the concrete part after the component has been completed.

The task mentioned at the outset is also achieved by a stiffening body, wherein the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element or the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element or the first and second pressure-receiving or anchoring elements of the stiffening body are designed to be thin-walled.

Thin-walled corresponds to a component, in particular a metal component, partially or completely formed with a wall thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably 1-4 mm, in particular 2-3 mm. The stiffening elements provide a new method for the cost-effective production of a double wall. Due to the thin-walled design of the stiffening body, it is particularly well suited to be concreted into flowable concrete and to take on tasks to secure the position of the concrete shells by absorbing tensile, compressive, shearing and torsion forces. Threaded connections or, for example, lattice supports for sandwich walls known from the prior art can be omitted. When producing concrete double walls, several stiffening bodies can be distributed at regular intervals over the surface of the double wall and aligned perpendicular to the plane of the wall. The stiffening body is intended to temporarily secure the position of the two concrete shells of the double wall during various manufacturing or transport stages. This means that unintentional horizontal/vertical displacement, shearing or twisting of the hardened concrete shells relative to one another is prevented. Openings in the pressure receiving elements form an additional guide for centering the spacer rod. The stiffening body remains in the hardened concrete part and can therefore be lost for reuse. This disadvantage is eliminated by saving a large number of previously required anchors compensated several times. In particular, it is intended that no plastic whatsoever remains permanently in the hardened concrete part. The loss of structural steel, which has no effect on the stability of the finished structure, is minimized. Different stiffening bodies designed according to the invention can be provided in the same double wall, which have different purposes depending on the design. Stiffening bodies can be relatively small in size and primarily serve to secure the position of the concrete shells. In addition to securing the position of the concrete shells relative to one another, larger dimensioned stiffening bodies also serve as transport anchors or anchors for transport anchors or transport rods.

The task mentioned at the beginning is also achieved by a multi-part recess body, in which the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements are designed as connecting supports and can be slidably displaceable or detached on the connecting device or brought or brought into frictional contact.

Due to the multi-part design, the same pressure-receiving or anchoring elements can in particular be combined with different connecting devices. The connecting device can be manufactured individually depending on the weight or dimensions of the double wall to be produced. The multi-part design means that storage space can be saved when transporting or storing the kit to the construction site or to the precast factory. The stiffening bodies are then installed on site shortly before installation in the double wall.

Preferably, the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element is designed or mounted in a resilient manner.

Due to the elastic design or storage, a tolerance compensation of a few millimeters is available for installing spacers and for a dimensionally stable double wall. Preferably, the pressure-receiving or anchoring element assigned to the base is designed or mounted elastically. This pressure-receiving or anchoring element is typically used at Making the first concrete shell immersed in the flowable concrete. After the concrete has hardened, the originally elastic support also stiffens. For this purpose, the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements themselves can be designed to be resilient, i.e. with a thin-walled, resilient sheet metal strip. Alternatively, additional spiral springs, disc springs or resilient rubber components can be provided.

Stiffening bodies in which the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element is designed to be stiffened relative to the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element are particularly suitable for the production of double walls using turning stations.

The pressure-receiving or anchoring element, i.e. the one that is immersed in the flowable concrete of the second concrete shell while the weight of the first concrete shell is on top, must have the highest possible rigidity. In order to achieve this high level of rigidity, the sheet metal strip forming the pressure-receiving or anchoring element can be folded up on its two long sides. This means that a sheet metal strip area approximately 15 mm wide is bent through 90° so that the sheet metal strip has an L- or U-shaped cross-sectional profile.

The stiffening body is particularly easy to manufacture if the connecting device is also thin-walled.

As a result, the stiffening body of this embodiment is essentially cuboid-shaped, with two end faces of the cuboid being formed by the rectangular pressure-receiving or anchoring elements and two opposite long sides by rectangular sheet metal strips. In particular, the stiffening body consists of four pieces of sheet metal that are welded together to form a cuboid, which leaves access on two long sides for a coupling band or an external means of transport to the transport rod. Such a geometry is characterized by high strength against compressive, tensile, shear and torsional forces in order to secure the concrete shells against any relative movements to one another.

For a particularly secure anchoring of the stiffening body in the concrete shells, the connecting device is designed with reinforced concrete steel.

The concrete ribbed steel forms a particularly stable reinforced concrete composite with the flowable concrete when producing the concrete shells, which is why such stiffening bodies are particularly suitable in conjunction with a transport rod for further development as a transport anchor. Reinforced steel is widely used and is particularly suitable for multi-part transport anchors that are installed shortly before the transport wall is manufactured.

Stiffening bodies can be particularly flexibly adapted to various double walls if the connecting device is designed with curved concrete ribbed steel.

By designing the stiffening body with concrete ribbed steel, the stiffening body can be particularly easily adapted to various transport tasks or to different concrete parts to be transported. In particular, automatic bending or welding machines can be used to produce transport anchors, which enables cost-effective production.

The anchoring of the stiffening body is further improved by designing the connecting device with bent rebar, with a strand of bent rebar forming a closed square or polygon. The square or polygon can be welded to the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements or can also be inserted into pressure-receiving or anchoring elements designed as connecting supports.

The stiffening body is designed and arranged as an anchor cage or reinforcement cage in the space between the concrete shells.

The task mentioned at the beginning is also achieved by the pressure-receiving or anchoring element as a connecting carrier, which has engagement devices designed and slidably displaceable or detachable or brought or brought into frictional contact with a connecting device.

The invention also includes a manufacturing or transport arrangement for concrete parts, using a spacer rod as a transport rod or a separate transport rod, which is surrounded by the longitudinally slotted recess hollow body described above and which is inserted into an opening in the concrete part to be transported leaves. A coupling strap or another external means of transport can be attached to this.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Bausatzes für eine auch Abstandhalter genannte Vorrichtung in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Standfuß als Fixiereinrichtung,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines einteiligen Aussteifungskörpers in einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines einteiligen Aussteifungskörpers in einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 5

in perspektivischer Darstellung die Vorrichtung mit Aussteifungskörper im zusammengebauten Zustand in einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 6, 7

in perspektivischer Darstellung die Vorrichtung mit Aussteifungskörper im zusammengebauten Zustand in einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 8

eine Frontansicht auf eine Transportanordnung mit Vorrichtung und Kupplungsband,

Fig. 9, 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines alternativen Bausatzes mit einem mehrteiligen Aussteifungskörper für eine Vorrichtung in einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung und

Fig. 11, 12

in perspektivischer Darstellung die Vorrichtung mit Aussteifungskörper im zusammengebauten Zustand in einer ersten Betonschale.

Further details, features, feature (sub)combinations, advantages and effects based on the invention result from the following description of optional embodiments of the invention and the drawings. These show in

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a kit for a device also called a spacer in an exemplary embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a stand as a fixing device,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a one-piece stiffening body in a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a one-piece stiffening body in a second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 5

a perspective view of the device with stiffening body in the assembled state in a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 6, 7

a perspective view of the device with stiffening body in the assembled state in a second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 8

a front view of a transport arrangement with device and coupling band,

Fig. 9, 10

a perspective view of an alternative kit a multi-part stiffening body for a device in an exemplary embodiment of the invention and

Fig. 11, 12

a perspective view of the device with stiffening body in the assembled state in a first concrete shell.

The figures are merely exemplary in nature and only serve to understand the invention. The same elements are given the same reference numbers.

• Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab 120 mit Außengewinde 121,
• Aussparungsrohr 130 bzw. Hüllrohr (nachfolgend auch "Schlitzrohr") mit Längsschlitz 131,
• Standfuß 140 mit integriertem Dauermagneten 141 und mittiger Bohrung 142 mit Innengewinde 148 als Fixiereinrichtung für eine Schraubverbindung 121, 148,
• Optional: einteiligen oder mehrteiligen Aussteifungskörper 150 (nicht dargestellt, vgl. Figuren 3, 4, 10).

According to Figure 1 The spacer 100 can be assembled with a kit 110 within the scope of the invention, which has the following:

• Spacer or transport rod 120 with external thread 121,
• Recess tube 130 or cladding tube (hereinafter also “slit tube”) with longitudinal slot 131,
• Base 140 with integrated permanent magnet 141 and central bore 142 with internal thread 148 as a fixing device for a screw connection 121, 148,
• Optional: one-piece or multi-part stiffening body 150 (not shown, cf. Figures 3, 4 , 10 ).

To assemble, the slot tube 130 is pushed over the spacer or transport rod 120 up to a stop, formed by an end-side annular wall 122 of the first conical spacer foot 123, which is fixed, detachable or integrally formed on the end of the spacer or transport rod 120. The first spacer foot 123 expands along the longitudinal axis 125 towards the end of the rod and, when producing a concrete part with a breakthrough at the breakthrough end, forms a correspondingly conically widened breakthrough opening, which, after the spacer 100 has been removed from the concrete part breakthrough, through known conical ones Sealing plug can be closed. Due to the larger outer diameter of the external thread 121 compared to the inner diameter of the slot tube 130, the longitudinal slot 131 is widened when pushed over and the slot tube 130 is thus in its position diameter expanded. The external thread 121 on the spacer or transport rod 120 reduces its contact surface and thus its friction with the inner surface of the slot tube 130, so that the spacer or transport rod 120 can be pushed into and pulled out of the slot tube 130 more easily. When the spacer or transport rod 120 is pulled out of the slot tube 130, the latter shrinks in diameter and can therefore be more easily pulled out of a breakthrough formed with the slot tube 130 in a freshly cast and just hardened concrete part.

Then the slot tube 130 and possibly a stiffening body 150 (cf. Figures 3, 4 , 10 ) protruding end of the spacer or transport rod 120 is inserted into a central bore 142 of the base 140 until the base 140 with its conically tapered end is attached to the slot tube 130 or to the stiffening body 150 (cf. Figures 3, 4 , 10 ) triggers. For this purpose, the end section of the spacer or transport rod 120, which is intended for insertion into the base 140, and the bore 142 of the base 140 are designed for a positive or complementary engagement.

Out of Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can also be seen that the rotationally symmetrical base 140, which has a cylindrical basic shape, has an outer jacket that can be divided into three sections in the longitudinal direction. The first section 145, which has the largest outer diameter and is located at one end of the base, tapers conically towards the other end of the base and can thus form a breakthrough entrance with complementary conicity when the opening is formed in the concrete part to be produced. The first section 145 is delimited by a gradation 146 from a second, middle section 147 of the outer base casing. The middle section 147 also tapers conically towards the other end of the base. The third section is formed by the centering wall 144 of the centering device. The support step 143 of the centering device delimits the middle section 147 from the third section (centering wall 144), which ends in the other end of the base. The base 140 is formed in its central bore 142 with an internal thread 148, which is designed to complement the external thread 121 of the spacer or transport rod 120. This means that with this version the base 140 can be screwed onto the spacer or transport rod 120 in a friction or positive fit until the base 140 abuts on the opposite end wall of the slot tube 130 or the spacer or transport rod 120 runs flush with the fixing wall 149. Magnetic field lines of several permanent magnets 141 installed in the base, in particular permanent magnets 141 sunk into the fixing wall 149, can be the pressure-receiving or anchoring element (cf. Figures 3, 4 , 10 ) and the spacer or transport rod 120, if these are made with magnetizable material, hold together with the base 140 and connect it to a magnetizable formwork wall or a formwork table.

Figures 3 and 4 show two different embodiments of a one-piece stiffening body 150 according to the invention. The openings 153, 154 of the pressure-receiving or anchoring disks 151, 152 are arranged centrally on the pressure-receiving or anchoring disks 151, 152 and are aligned coaxially with respect to one another with respect to a central axis 159, so that a spacing or Transport rod 120 with the longitudinal axis 125 (cf. Figure 1 ) can be carried out through both openings 153, 154. The first pressure-receiving or anchoring element 151, in cooperation with a stiffened connecting device 155, prevents the already hardened first concrete shell from "sagging" due to its own weight when producing the second concrete shell, i.e. from unintentionally approaching the second concrete shell. When concreting the double wall, i.e. when filling the gap with flowable fresh concrete, the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements 151, 152 form enlarged contact surfaces to absorb the concrete pressure and thus replace threaded nuts on the spacer or transport rod 120 (cf. Figure 1 ).

In the case of the stiffening body 150 according to Figure 3 the geometry essentially corresponds to a cuboid, with two end faces of the cuboid being formed by the rectangular pressure-receiving or anchoring elements 151, 152 and two opposite longitudinal sides as connecting elements 157, 158 by rectangular sheet metal strips. The stiffening body 150 consists of four pieces of sheet metal, which are welded together at their ends or joints to form a cuboid, which has access 156 for a coupling band on two long sides 210 or an external means of transport to the transport rod 120 (cf. Figure 8 ). This stiffening body 150 can also be referred to as a small stiffening body.

The stiffening body 150 according to Figure 4 is particularly suitable as a transport anchor for coupling with a coupling strap 210 (cf. Figure 8 ) or another external means of transport. The stiffening body 150 comprises a connecting device 155 with connecting elements made of bent concrete ribbed steel 160, with two one-piece concrete ribbed steel strands being bent into a square or single-strand square 161, 162. The ends of the bent rebar 160 to form the single-strand squares 161, 162 are welded together at a joint (not shown) or in an overlap area 163. These curved single-strand squares 161, 162 are arranged at a distance from one another so that the stiffening body 150 has approximately the shape of a cube. The two single-strand squares 161, 162 are connected to one another by means of two sheet metal strips 164, the ends of the sheet metal strips 164 preferably being welded in the middle to two edges 165 of the single-strand squares 161, 162. The two metal strips 164 form the pressure-receiving or anchoring disks 151, 152 with the openings 153, 154 aligned coaxially with respect to a central axis 159. In particular, the metal strip 164 for forming the second pressure-receiving or anchoring disk 152 can be edged up in addition to stiffening.

The two edges 166 of the single-strand squares 161, 162 that do not adjoin the metal strips 164 are at least partially arranged in the space between the concrete shells. Lay the edges 166 of the single-strand squares 161, 162 that are not adjacent to the sheet metal strips 164 (as well as the connecting elements 157, 158 in Figure 3 ) thus determines the wall thickness of the concrete wall to be produced using concrete shells. In order to stabilize the single-strand polygons 161, 162 and connect them to form an anchor basket, one or more diagonal strands 167 made of rebar 160 are provided, which connect a corner area of the first single-strand square 161 with a corner area of the second single-strand square 162. Additional concrete ribbed steel 160 can be welded for further stabilization, with one side surface of the cuboid Stiffening body 150 always has access to attach a coupling band 210 (cf. Figure 8 ) to the transport rod 120 must be kept clear. The stiffening body according to Figure 4 can also be referred to as a large stiffening body.

To produce a concrete wall 6 meters long and 3 meters high, for example, ten small stiffening bodies 150 are used Figure 3 and two large stiffening bodies 150 according to Figure 4 or 10 needed as a transport anchor.

Figure 5 shows the device 100 with a stiffening body 150 according to Figure 3 , the Figures 6 and 7 show the device 100 with a stiffening body 150 according to Figure 4 . During assembly, the spacer or transport rod 120 with the slot tube 130 surrounding it is first pushed through the central opening 154 of the second pressure-receiving or anchoring disk 152 and then through the central opening 153 of the first pressure-receiving or anchoring disk 151 until the latter reaches the conical extension of the spacer foot 123 of the rod 120 strikes, the spacer foot 123 filling the opening 154 of the pressure-receiving or anchoring disk 152 or passing through it with a positive fit. Then the end of the spacer or transport rod 120 protruding from the slot tube 130 and the stiffening body 150 is screwed as far as possible into the internal thread 148 of the central bore 142 of the base 140. Or the external thread 121 is turned into the internal thread 148 in the base 140 until the distance for the desired wall thickness of the concrete wall to be produced is reached.

To increase the stability of the holder, the base 140 is provided with a centering device surrounding its bore 142 at the tapered end assigned to the stiffening body 150 (where it has the smallest outside diameter). This is formed with an annular support step 143 and an annular centering wall 144 of uniform diameter arranged perpendicular thereto. During assembly, the pressure-receiving or anchoring disk 151 is placed with its facing end face on the middle section 147 (see illustrations), the support step 143 or the centering wall 144, with the base 140 covering the opening 153 of the pressure-receiving or Anchoring disk 151 fills or is interspersed with positive locking. This ensures a clear, stable and sufficiently play-free fixation of the stiffening body 150 on the base 140 and the spacer or transport rod 120 on both pressure-receiving or anchoring disks 151, 152 in the radial direction. Via the base 140 or the fixing device, the spacer or its spacer or transport rod 120 can stand vertically on the steel formwork floor with the pushed-on slot tube 130 or the recess hollow body and the attached stiffening body 150. The standing stability can be achieved via magnetic adhesive forces from the magnetic means 141 mentioned above (cf. Figure 2 ) increase.

• Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab 120 mit Außengewinde 121,
• mittig angeordnetes Schlitzrohr 130, den Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab 120 ganz oder teilweise umfassend,
• Standfuß 140,
• Aussteifungskörper 150, vorzugsweise ein Aussteifungskörper 150 gemäß Figur 4 oder 10,
• textile Kupplungsbänder 210, in Eingriff mit dem Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab 120,
• Hängemittel (nicht dargestellt) zum Aufhängen oder Erfassen der Kupplungsbänder 210.

According to Figure 8 The transport arrangement 200 for a concrete part (not shown) with a breakthrough has the following:

• Spacer or transport rod 120 with external thread 121,
• centrally arranged slot tube 130, completely or partially comprising the spacer or transport rod 120,
• stand 140,
• Stiffening body 150, preferably a stiffening body 150 according to Figure 4 or 10,
• textile coupling bands 210, in engagement with the spacer or transport rod 120,
• Hanging means (not shown) for hanging or grasping the coupling straps 210.

The spacer or transport rod 120 projects out of the slot tube 130 and the stiffening body 150. The stiffening body 150 has an access 156 that allows one or more coupling bands 210 or other external transport means to be wrapped around the spacer or transport rod 120. The slot tube 130 typically remains on the spacer or transport rod 120 until the space between the concrete shells (not shown) in the precast factory or on the construction site is filled with fresh concrete. The metal strips 164 or other connecting supports 170 (cf. Figure 10 ) of the stiffening body 150 form a large area Diagonal tension reinforcement, so that the rod 120 can be used as a transport anchor for coupling with the coupling bands 210. Another advantage of using the device 100 is that the concrete parts can be picked up in the precast concrete factory and also on the construction site and rotated several times about the longitudinal axis 125 of the transport rod 120 relatively easily. After the concrete part has been transported and installed, the coupling band or bands 210 are pulled again. As soon as the space is filled with fresh concrete, the spacer or transport rod 120, slot tube 130 and base 140 can be removed from the hardened concrete part and used again. Only the stiffening body 150 remains permanently in the component as a “lost” part.

• Abstandhalte- oder Transportstab 120 mit Außengewinde 121, bspw. mit aufgeschraubtem Abstandhalterfuß 123,
• Schlitzrohr 130 mit Längsschlitz 131,
• Standfuß 140 mit integriertem Dauermagneten 141,
• mehrteiliger Aussteifungskörper 150 zumindest mit Druckaufnahme- oder Verankerungselementen 151, 152 und einer Verbindungseinrichtung 155.

According to Figure 9 The spacer 100 can be assembled with a kit 111 within the scope of the invention, which has the following:

• Spacer or transport rod 120 with external thread 121, for example with screwed-on spacer foot 123,
• Slotted tube 130 with longitudinal slot 131,
• Stand 140 with integrated permanent magnet 141,
• multi-part stiffening body 150 at least with pressure-receiving or anchoring elements 151, 152 and a connecting device 155.

The connecting device 155 can be formed with one or more strand bodies made of rebar 160, which are each bent into closed single-strand quadrilaterals 161,162 and then welded together in an overlap area 163. So that the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements 151, 152 can be mounted flexibly, they are designed as connecting carriers 170 or connecting device carriers. For this purpose, the connection carrier 170 has an engagement device 174 at two ends or regions of its usually elongated connecting body 175. The engagement device 174 is, for example, designed with a guide 171 which is delimited by two limiting webs 172. The engagement device 174 or the guide has a central axis 176 which runs perpendicular to the central axis 159 of the openings 153, 154 or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 125 of the spacer or transport rod 120 in the assembled state. The guides 171 are dimensioned so that the rebar 160 of the connecting device 155 fits positively into the Guides 171 of the connection carrier 170 can be inserted or clicked in. For assembly purposes, it is conceivable that the connecting supports 170 are delivered as purchased parts to a prefabricated parts factory and are combined there with a connecting device 155 made of rebar 160. The connection supports 170 are preferably designed as one-piece castings. On site in the production sub-factory, the stiffening body 150 is supplemented with concrete ribbed steel squares 161, 162, which were manufactured using an automatic bending machine available in the production sub-factory. By welding or using various mounting means 173, for example cable ties or adhesive tape, according to Figure 10 the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements 151, 152 are secured against slipping relative to the reinforcing steel 160 when installed in the double wall. In particular, the connecting elements 173 protect against unintentional slipping of the rebar 160 from the connecting supports 170.

The first pressure receiving or anchoring element 151 (not shown) is according to Figure 11 in the first already produced concrete shell 301 surrounded by hardened concrete, so that the edges 165 of the single-strand squares 161, 162 adjacent to the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element 151 are surrounded by the hardened concrete. The edges 166 of the single-strand polygons 161, 162 adjacent to the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element 151, like the diagonals 167, are partially concreted in.

The device 100 or the stiffening body 150 can be arranged according to Fig 12 also combine with reinforcing steel mesh 301,302, which are often used as minimum reinforcement for concrete shells 300. In order for 301 reinforcing steel meshes to have the correct concrete coverage, they must not rest directly on the steel formwork (not shown). The invention can be used particularly advantageously in the previously described embodiments if the reinforcing steel meshes 301, 302 are attached to the base (not shown, concreted into the first concrete shell 300) or to the stiffening body 150. The base, stiffening body or the spacer or transport rod 120 then pass through the spaces 303 of the reinforcing steel mat 301. A first reinforcing steel mat 301 can thus be placed on the stiffening body 150, in particular on the metal strip 164 and the edges 165 of the single-strand polygons 161, 162 adjacent to the sheet metal strips 164 are stored. The first reinforcing steel mat 301 is thus arranged between the stiffening body 150 and the steel casing (not shown) for the second concrete shell (not shown), the spacer foot 123 or other widening of the spacer or transport rod 120 maintaining a distance between the reinforcing steel mat 301 and the steel casing second concrete shell ensures. This ensures sufficient concrete coverage of the reinforcing steel mesh 301. In addition, a second reinforcing steel mat 302 (here realized by two structural steel rods) can be threaded into the stiffening body 150, so that the second reinforcing steel mat 302 is located between the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element 152 and the space in the double wall. With the help of connecting elements 304, for example cable ties or pieces of wire, the reinforcing steel meshes 301, 302 are connected to each other and to the stiffening body 150.

Reference symbol list

100

contraption

110

Kit

111

alternative kit

120

Distance keeping or transport rod

121

External thread

122

Ring wall

123

first conical extension, especially spacer foot

125

Longitudinal axis, rod axis

130

Recess tube/slotted tube

131

Longitudinal slot

140

Fixing device, stand

141

Permanent magnet

142

central hole

143

Edition level

144

annular centering wall

145

first conical section

146

gradation

147

second, middle section

148

Stand internal thread

149

fixing wall

150

stiffening body

151

first pressure-receiving/anchoring element

152

second pressure-receiving/anchoring element

153

first opening

154

second opening

155

Connection facility

156

Access

157

first connecting element

158

second connecting element

159

Central axis openings

160

Reinforced steel reinforcement

161

first single-strand polygon, in particular single-strand square

162

second single-strand polygon, in particular single-strand square

163

Overlap area

164

Sheet metal strips

165

Edges of the single-strand polygon adjacent to the pressure-receiving/anchoring element

166

Edges of the single-strand polygon that are not adjacent to the pressure-receiving/anchoring element

167

Diagonal strand

170

Connection carrier/connection device carrier

171

guide

172

Boundary bars

173

Mounting elements

174

Intervention device

175

connecting body

176

Central axis

200

Transport arrangement

210

Clutch band

300

Concrete part, especially first concrete shell

301

Minimum reinforcement, especially the first reinforcing steel mesh

302

Minimum reinforcement, especially second reinforcing steel mesh

303

Reinforcing steel mesh space

304

Fasteners

Claims (15)

Device (100) for transporting a concrete part or for maintaining a distance between concrete parts (300), in particular between concrete walls or the concrete shells of a concrete double wall during their production, which device (100) has: - a spacer or transport rod (120) with a longitudinal axis (125), wherein the spacer or transport rod (120) is designed or can be designed with a spacer foot (123) with a widening or conical extension towards at least one longitudinal end, - a recess tube (130) or another elongated hollow recess body to accommodate the spacer or transport rod (120), - at at least one end of the spacer or transport rod (120) a fixing device (140,141), which is or can be arranged in a detachable manner, characterized in that
the fixing device (140,141) is connected or can be connected to the spacer or transport rod (120) in a frictional or positive manner to determine its position to prevent displacement along the longitudinal axis (125). Device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing device (140, 141) is connected or connectable to one end of the spacer or transport rod (120) by means of a screw connection (121, 148). Device (100) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer or transport rod (120) is designed or can be designed with a conical extension at both longitudinal ends. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the spacer or transport rod (120) there is a first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) which can be assigned to a first concrete part (300) and a second pressure-receiver which can be assigned to a second concrete part - or anchoring element (152) is connected or connectable. Device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) each have a through opening (153, 154) through which the spacer or transport rod (120) is guided or can be guided. Device (100) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) are designed as part of a stiffening body (150), the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) being connected by a connecting device (155) are connected or connectable to one another. Device (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacer or transport rod (120) is partially surrounded by the connecting device (155) of the stiffening body (150), the stiffening body (150) having an access (156) for a textile coupling band (210) or another external means of transport. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess tube (130) or the recess hollow body is formed with elastic-reversible material and increases its diameter or its inner extent by receiving the spacer or transport rod (120). or can be enlarged or changed or changed and the recess tube (130) or the recess hollow body is further provided with an axially parallel longitudinal slot (131) which passes through its wall into the interior of the tube or hollow body. One-piece or multi-part stiffening body (150) for absorbing tensile, compressive, shearing and torsional forces when transporting a concrete part or for determining the position of two concrete parts (300) relative to one another, in particular a stiffening body (150) for a device (100) according to one of Claims 1-8, comprising - a first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) with a through-hole (153) and a second pressure-receiving or anchoring element (152) with a through-hole (154) and - a connecting device (155) for determining the position of the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) relative to the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element (152), characterized in that the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) or the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element (152) or the first and second pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) are thin-walled or that the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) are designed as connecting carriers (170) with engagement devices (174) and are slidably displaceable or detachable or brought into frictional contact with the connecting device (155). Stiffening body (150) according to claim 9, characterized in that the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) is designed or mounted to be resilient. Stiffening body (150) according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the second pressure-receiving or anchoring element (152) is designed to be stiffened relative to the first pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151). Stiffening body (150) according to one of claims 9-11, characterized in that the connecting device (155) is thin-walled. Stiffening body (150) according to one of claims 9-12, characterized in that the connecting device (155) is designed with rebar (160), in particular with bent rebar (160). Stiffening body (150) according to claim 13, characterized in that the connecting device (155) is designed with bent rebar (160), wherein a strand of bent rebar (160) forms a closed square or polygon (160, 161), which with the pressure-receiving or anchoring elements (151, 152) can be connected. Connection carrier (170), preferably with an elongated connecting body (175), having a pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151) with a through opening (153), in particular for use in a multi-part stiffening body (150) according to one of claims 9-14,
characterized in that
the pressure-receiving or anchoring element (151, 152) is designed with engagement devices (174) and can be slidably displaceable or detached or brought into frictional contact with a connecting device (155).

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