DE2715277A1 - Moisture proof cold store sandwich element - has sealing collar on connecting bar anchored in concrete shells - Google Patents

Abstract

The sandwich building element is esp. suitable for use in cold stores or ice silos. It comprises two concrete shells interconnected by an anchoring system, and at least one layer of insulating material and a moisture barrier, such as plastic layer or foil, between the shells. The anchoring system comprises one or more bars or tubes (14), with ends anchored in the concrete shells (4, 6). This carries a close-fitting collar (16), in the plane of the moisture barrier (10), cemented or welded to this barrier. The bar or tube may be cast into one or both concrete shells, and fitted with an anchoring profiling or cross bolt at the cast end, thus a completely effective moisture barrier is attained.

Description

Karl Becher and Horst Hansen, 8950 Kaufbeuren;

Otto Nocker, 8951 Irsee, and Siegfried Nocker, 8951 Germaringen Sandwich component as well as the building structure produced with it From the DT-OS 26 00 346 is a sandwich component known for the construction of cold stores and cold stores, the two by an anchoring interconnected concrete shells as well as, enclosed in between, a layer of insulating material and a vapor barrier in the form of a plastic film. There is the Anchoring of two pairs of mutually facing, with one leg each in each case one of the two concrete shells cast metallic U-profiles, the with their other thigh, as well as those enclosed between them, distributed . pieces of wood. Through this TTolzstficke a direct, heat-dissipating contact becomes between the two U-profiles and a fixed bracing of the same achieved. It is difficult to seal the anchoring through the Plastic film to pass through, which, however, is necessary for an effective vapor barrier is.

The invention is based on the object of remedying this, i.e. to design a Sandlvich element of the same type in such a way that a complete vapor barrier is achieved.

This task is solved with the features of claim 1. Claims 2 to 16 give advantageous design options for the relevant Invention, while claims 17-25 advantageous possible applications include the components of the invention. Claims 26 and 27 are directed to the anchor elements used in the components according to the invention and claim 28 to the line bushings used in the components according to claim 10.

Apart from its special sealing options, the Anchoring according to the invention, in particular if it consists of a tough elastic according to claim 8 Plastic is made, also has the advantage that they both with it connected concrete shells on all sides parallel to each other a certain mobility confers. This means that these two Eeton shells can be used in a self-supporting manner for sic without creating the risk of tension or cracks.

Special design options also arise according to the claim 11 or 12 in that the film ultimately protruding from the edge of the component without special assumptions with appropriate foils or plastic or other Insulating layers can be glued or welded to on these tracks as well at the connection points of the invention Eauelements with further de-like or appropriate components a reliable, uninterrupted one To create a vapor barrier.

The following are particularly advantageous design options of the invention with reference to the drawings described in detail. Of these shows 1 shows a view of a component according to the invention, with invisible parts appear partially dashed, Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the same component according to the line II-II in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows a detailed section according to the line III-III in Fig. 1, Fig.3a a similar detail section with an anchor element according to the invention a somewhat different embodiment, FIG. 4 shows the joint between two adjacent ones Sandwich construction elements according to the invention in a horizontal section, FIG. 5 the joint two components according to the invention that are connected to one another at a corner in a horizontal section, Fig. 6 shows the connection point of a device seated on a component according to the invention Ceiling in a vertical cross-section, Fig. 7 is a vertical section. at the point at which a component according to the invention is placed on the foundation sits, with an adjoining floor, the component according to the invention forms an outer wall, and FIG. 8 shows a corresponding section when using a Component according to the invention as an inner wall element between two different Strongly insulated rooms, such as a refrigerator and a freezer room.

The sandwich component according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 2 consists essentially of two concrete shells 4 and 6, between which a layer of insulating material 8, for example made of polystyrene foam, is arranged. This layer of insulation is on one side with a vapor barrier in the form of an overlaid and around the front sides plastic film 10 wrapped around the insulating material layer, e.g.

Polyvinyl chloride film. This entire arrangement is through an anchorage held together, on the one hand from two in the position of use upper corners of the component 2 permanently arranged anchor elements 12 and from an essentially removable so-called transport anchorage exists, with which the component and in particular the two concrete shells 4 and 6 during transport and storage are held together immovably, and moreover the possibility of suspension on a crane or the like. Offers. The built-in Component will usually only have the anchor elements 12, one of which is shown greatly enlarged in Fig. 3. These anchor elements make it possible to use the component as a self-supporting component in such a way that both Sit on concrete bowls. The anchor elements 12 do not have any significant bending moments absorb and also tensile forces only to the extent that it is necessary for the cohesion of the upright concrete trays is required.

According to Fig. 3, the anchor elements 12 consist of one through the insulating layer 8 running through, cast with its ends in the two concrete shells 4 and G. Plastic rod 14, for example made of nylon and about 22 mm in diameter, the in the plane of the vapor barrier, which in this case consists of the plastic film 10 a collar 1G in the form of a sealingly welded disc of the same or similar material. This collar is then with the plastic film 10 glued or welded. It could just as well be connected to a dam in Cestalt a plastic or other, e.g. bituminous, I'layering the concrete shell G to be tied. In any case, it enables an absolute in a simple manner create a reliable seal on the vapor barrier.

To fix it in the two concrete shells, the shown Anchor element 12 at one end has a profile in the form of a thread 18 on. In its place could also be a number of ring grooves or other constrictions, a flange or a head occur, as indicated by dashed lines in the figure at 20 is. At the opposite end, however, in this example there is one for fixing at both ends spliced transverse bolt 22 is provided, which is supported by a corresponding Bore of the rod 14 extends therethrough. The fixing means could of course also be used be the same at both ends, although this must be taken into account that a washer forming the collar 16 is applied over one of the ends got to. On the other hand, the collar can of course also be formed in one piece with the rod 14 be.

Such a rod or a corresponding tube is in any case, even if it is made of a harder material such as steel, flexible enough, by slight evasive movements of the two concrete shells 4 and G parallel to one another to enable. The production of the rod from, in particular, a viscoplastic one However, apart from avoiding a problem, plastic also offers minor benefits Thermal bridge, the advantage that such shifts at the clamping points reduce the bending moments caused by the rod or pipe.

Fig. 3a shows a somewhat different embodiment of the anchor elements 12, in which the rod 14 is divided. That is, two helical end portions 14a and 14b with opposing threads are through a corresponding threaded sleeve 14c united. In addition, the part 14b is in the manner of a hammer head screw formed and in the Eeton shell 4 by means of a cast rail 23 held with anchors 23a. Such a design makes it possible for both of them Concrete shells 4 and 6 to be produced separately and thus each smooth-walled and only then connect over the insulating layer 8 and vapor barrier away or the space is subsequently filled with the insulating material layer. At least one of the parts 14a-14c is expediently again made of plastic educated. The rest can be made of a moisture-resistant metal alloy, such as V2A-9ahl exist. To have an attitude that is as revealing and light as possible To enable production, the threaded sleeve 14c in the example shown consists of two relatively short ring nuts 14d, which are spaced apart in a a conventional wrench size corresponding hexagonal tube 14e are welded. This tube is from the edge of the relevant Dauelement through a slot or a Lateral recess 8a in the insulating layer 8 is accessible to the two To be able to tighten screw parts 14a and 14b against each other. The anchoring in the concrete shell 4 by means of the profile rail 23 enables small inaccuracies to compensate for the introduction of the parts 14a and 14b into the two concrete shells. If necessary, both parts, 14a and 14b, can then expediently be used crosswise profile rails be anchored in the two concrete shells.

In the case of a subsequent introduction of the insulating material layer 8 can be i.ü. a division of the bars using such an anchorage 14 superfluous. For example, the relevant ends of the rods 14 of both anchor elements 12 of the component can be pushed laterally into a common profile rail 23. On the other hand, in place of the two illustrated screw parts 14a and 14b also sleeve-shaped and correspondingly a threaded bolt in place of the threaded sleeve 14c step.

The figure shows yet another variation in which the Anchoring element 14 shown has two collars, 14 and 14a, corresponding to two vapor barriers in the form of liunststoffolien 10 or. 10a. Such an arrangement is coming then into consideration if with temperature gradients changing direction between the two Sides of the component is to be expected. Dic collars can, especially if they like the collar 16a, occupy a certain distance from the concrete shell in question eat, have a fiand sloping towards this bowl.

To during the transport, in which the two concrete shells 4 and a by no means will sit steadily or lie on top of one another, a solid connection To create between these concrete shells is the transport anchoring already mentioned intended. As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, both concrete shells Two each bent like a walking stick and at the top end faces protruding screw anchor 24 cast, and the two protruding ends opposing anchors of both concrete shells are through a metal bridge in the form of a U-shaped profile 26 connected to each other, which by on the Screw anchor 24 attached nuts 23 is held to protect the concrete shell edges a wooden plate 30 or the like is inserted under the profile 26. On the overhead Web 32 of the profile 26 is an eyelet 34 welded with which the component on one Crane or the like. Can be hung.

A lower end of the building element shows the transport anchorage on the concrete shell 4 and 6 screwed straps 36, in the case flush with each other opposite j3etonsciiale in the form of flat iron, the frontal side on both Concrete trays are screwed on, in the case of a protruding concrete tray, as shown in the form of linsing bars on the one hand on the front side and on the other hand on the inside the concrete shells are screwed on. For the purpose of this screw connection are on the The relevant side is cast into the concrete shells using standard profile rails 38, in the corresponding hammer head bolts 40 are used. These screws like also the nuts 28 and especially the U-profiles 26 with plates 30 and the tabs 36, which are removed after transport, are reusable.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, there is also a line bushing 42 to recognize with which lines, such as electrical lines and pipelines, can be passed through the component 2 in a sealed manner. Such line penetrations are either as standard or as specified in individual components as required to be included in their creation. They consist of a plastic tube or hose 44 of suitable diameter, which is open at both ends in the concrete shells 4 and 6 is cast and otherwise in the same way as the anchor elements 12 in the The level of the vapor barrier is a tightly connected one and the same with the vapor barrier associated collar 46 carries. Against the inner wall of this cable bushing can the lines passed through are sealed by a permanently elastic filling compound will.

FIG. 3 also shows how that around the end faces of the insulating material layer 8 wrapped around plastic film 10 cut open at 48 and the thus become free Edge 50 can then be opened. This edge is used for a tight connection with the vapor barrier of subsequent elements, be it in the form of a similar one Foil or, for example, a bituminous layer. Especially in the case a separate production of the two concrete shells, as explained with reference to Fig. 3a, the inserted film 10 can also simply protrude from the outset Have edge 50 (Fig. 3a).

A corresponding connection between two adjoining one another Sandwich components 2 according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 the plastic films 10 of both components cut open at their end faces and brought within a sufficiently wide construction joint 52 to cover.

The space between the insulating material on both sides 8 is by a suitably inserted supplementary piece 54, preferably from the same Material, filled out.

The two overlapping film edges 50 can be with one another be glued or welded. To close the construction joint 52 are to the the construction joint delimiting both sides of the Eeton shells in question 6 by means of hammer-head screws again inserted in profile rails 38 40 Angle rails 56 attached, on their outwardly facing legs by means of, preferably countersunk, self-tapping screws 58 a cover 60, for example in the form of a Asbestos cement board, is attached.

The profile rails 38 and hammer head screws 40 can be the same how they are used to attach the tabs 36.

The corresponding joint between the opposite concrete shells 4 is designed as a permanently elastic joint 62 by placing between the abutting Concrete shells suitable spacers 64, e.g. made of plastic, are introduced and the space thus produced to the outside by means of a permanently elastic filler material 66 is locked.

If the vapor barrier and thus the construction joint occur in relation to FIG. 5 on the inside of a corner, the relevant arrangement is different from that of FIG. 5 in principle only in that then the one profile rail 38 is poured into the concrete shell 6 on the outside.

Fig. 6 shows the connection of a ceiling to a sandwich component according to the invention 2, which in this case partly consists of prefabricated elements 68. As an exterior finish prefabricated concrete slabs 70 can be seen. The components 68 as well as the Concrete slabs 70 rest on the concrete shells 4 and 6 by means of spacers 64, which in turn in connection with a permanently elastic filler material 66 a Form permanently elastic joint 62. At the upper end of the sandwich component according to the invention 2 the anchor elements 12 are indicated, which only have the task of the mutual to hold self-supporting concrete shells 4 and 6 together.

The edge 50 of the plastic film 10 belonging to the component 2 is cut and unfolded in the manner already described and with a the same plastic film or other vapor barrier 72 on the inside of the Concrete slab 70 brought to congruence and connected. Between the Ends of the components 68 and this vapor barrier is a layer of insulating material 74, preferably of the same thickness and made of the same material as the insulating material layer 8 of the component 2, introduced in such a way that it directly adjoins the latter.

Such an insulating material layer, 76, is located above the Components 68 and extends at the front to the vapor barrier 72 within the concrete slab 70 approach. Below and above this insulating layer 7G are the usual ones further insulating layers, such as 78 - 86 or 88 - 96 are provided, which, if desirably can be connected to the vapor barrier 72. The upper end a sheet metal cover forms on the reveal formed by the protruding concrete slab 70 98

Fig. 7 shows the manner in which a sandwich component according to the invention 2 sits on a foundation, for example. The foundation 100, which is completely or partially consists of in-situ concrete and contains a continuous floor slab 102, carries on this base plate, firstly, an insulating layer 104 and, on top, one Vapor barrier 10G, again in the form of a plastic film. Individuals rest on it Insulating feet 108 here in the form of short sections of a 1-rail, which the concrete shell 4 of the component 2 wear. This concrete shell 4 closes on the inside a permanently elastic joint 110 a floor in the form of a concrete slab 112 with a Screed cover 114 on. The concrete slab 112 rests over several conventional layers of insulation 116 - 120, some of which also include their end faces, on a layer of insulating material 122, which can consist of the same material as the insulating material 8 of the sandwich component 2 and otherwise one of the height of the insulating feet 108 corresponding Has strength.

The concrete shell 6 of the component 2 sits mediated by a Permanently elastic joint 62 with the spacers 64 already described in one Recess 124 on the foundation 100. Again, the vapor barrier is forming Plastic film 10 of the component 2 cut open at the edge and unfolded with the vapor barrier 106 connected to the foundation 100. In the free space next to the insulating feet 108 below the insulating material layer 8 of the component 2 are one or more corresponding ones Insulating material supplementary pieces 126 are used.

As can be seen, both concrete shells, 4 and 6, are self-supporting on the foundation 100. Due to the anchoring according to the invention by means of the anchor elements No static uncertainties can result from this Tensions or cracks result.

Fig. 8 shows an example in which a sandwich component according to the invention 2 is placed on a foundation, 128, as part of a partition wall. The two adjoining rooms, which are both thermally insulated, should have a heat gradient against each other have, as is the case, for example, between adjoining refrigerator and freezer rooms the case is.

The vapor barrier is, as always, on the side with the higher one Temperature. According to the figure, both concrete shells, 4 and 6, of the component are seated 2 via insulating feet 130 or 132 on the foundation 123, these insulating feet again one of the insulation layers 134 or 136 corresponding to the thickness Bridge the gap. The foundation has a paragraph on the top to the to compensate for different thicknesses of these insulating layers. The insulating slippers 104 and 116-120 as well as the vapor barrier 106, the concrete slabs 112 and the screed cover 114 are the same as in the example of Fig. 7, but now under the insulation for, en 130 another insulating intermediate layer in the form of a plastic plate 138 or the like.

to recognize, of course, just as well in connection with the insulating feet 108 and 132 could apply. Furthermore it takes the place of the permanently elastic Joint 110 with the wall surface of the relevant deton shell 4 or 6 flush Connection of the Estri habcover 114 entered in order to comply with the relevant food law To meet provisions. For this purpose, the concrete shell has a at the relevant point fillet 139 in which the screed cover is pulled up. If necessary the upper end of the screed cover, as shown, can be permanently elastic Form joint llOa.

The vapor barrier 106 under the two layers of insulating material 134 and 136 forming foils are mutually and with the protruding edge 50 of the Plastic film 10 of component 2, in turn, connected in an overlapping manner. In the open spaces on both sides of this connection point below the component 2 are again matching Additional insulation pieces, 140 or 142, are used.

constructions similar to those shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be used of course also afterwards. to be used on a ceiling. You can always go with it the sandwich components according to the invention a continuous, reliable vapor barrier realize. In addition, these components can always and easily in the way are used that both concrete shells are self-supporting, without doing any Having to fear disadvantages.

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Claims (28)

P a t e n t a n 5 p r ü c h e 1st sandwich component in particular for cold rooms, cold stores and ice silos, with two anchored to one another connected concrete shells and, enclosed in between, at least one layer of insulating material and a vapor barrier, e.g., in the form of a plastic layer or film, thereby it is not noted that the anchoring consists of at least one with its Ends in one of the concrete shells (4, 6) anchored rod or tube (14), whereupon, close afterwards, in the plane of the vapor barrier (10) one by gluing or by welding the collar (16) connected to the vapor barrier. 2. Sandwich component according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the rod or the tube (14) in at least one of the concrete shells (4, 6) is cast and an anchoring profile at its cast-in end (18, 20), a cross bolt (22) or the like. Has. 3. Sanawich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that at least one end of the rod or tube (14) mediated by a cast-in profile rail (23), e.g. in the manner of a hammer head screw, is anchored in the concrete shell (6) in question. 4. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that the rod or the tube (14) is interrupted and its successive parts by a clamping device such as a threaded sleeve respectively. a threaded bolt (14c) with opposing threaded sections, joined together are. 5. Sandwich component according to claim 3 or 4, characterized g e k e n It should be noted that both concrete shells (4, 6) are smooth-walled on their outside are poured. 6. Sandwich component according to one of claims 3-5, characterized g e it is not indicated that the insulating material layer is made of a foaming of the there is an intermediate space between the concrete shells (4, G). 7. Sandwich component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that g e -k e n It is noted that the collar (16) is welded onto the rod or tube (14) is. 8. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not indicated that the rod resp. the tube (14) is made of plastic over at least part of its length, preferably a tough elastic plastic such as nylon. 9. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that two of the rods or tubes (14) in question are in the vicinity of two equilateral corners of the component, i.e. the corners that are on top after installation (2) are arranged. 10. Sandwich Eauelement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized it is noted that there is at least one line bushing (42) in Shape of a plastic pipe running through both concrete shells (4, 6) or hose (44), whereupon, also tightly connected and in the plane of the vapor barrier (10), a collar (46) attached to the vapor barrier is located. 11. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims with a padlock in the form of a plastic film, thus g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the film (10) on at least one of the edges of the component (2) at least protrudes over the adjacent concrete shell (6). 12. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, with a vapor barrier in the form of a plastic film, thereby g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the film (10) around at least one end face of the insulating material layer (S) knocked around, but is detachable after separating it. 13. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not noted that at least one of its two concrete shells (4, 6) in the vicinity of your hand lying below after installation, a fillet on the outside (139). 14. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized it is not indicated that in at least one of the two protruding parts Concrete shells (4, 6) appearing on the front, inside or outside of it Screw anchors (24) or anchoring means (3S) for fastening elements, e.g. T-head bolts (40) are cast in. 15. Sandwich component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized It is not noted that there is at least one additional, rigid but detachable so-called transport anchorage (26 etc., 36 etc.) carries. 16. Sandrvich component according to claim 14 or 15, characterized g e k e It is not stated that the transport anchorage consists of one with the two concrete shells (4, G), if necessary under Use of a liner intermediate layer (30), screwed steel bridge (26, 36) exists. 17. Using sandwich components according to one of the preceding Claims including claim 11 or 12 produced building structure, by the fact that between the plastic film (10) adjoining concrete shells (6) of adjoining structural elements (2) a construction joint (52) consists in which the protruding edges (50) of the plastic film over a suitably inserted additional piece of insulating material (54) overlapping one another are glued or welded. 18. Construction according to claim 17, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that on the surfaces of the concrete shells in question bounding the construction joint (52) (6) angle rails (56) are attached to which the outside, preferably with the The outer surface of the concrete shells is flush, for example by means of self-tapping screws (58), a cover (60) is attached. 19. Construction according to claim 17 or ls, characterized g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the joint opposite the construction joint (52) on the side the other concrete shells (4) is designed as a permanently elastic joint (62). 20. Construction using sandwich construction elements according to any one of claims 1 to 16 including claim 11 or 12, characterized in that g e k e n n n z e i c 11 n e t that at least one of the concrete shells (4, 6) of the sandwich construction elements (2) on a vapor barrier, e.g. also made of a plastic film (106) on the one below existing ceiling or foundation (100, 12S) and that the protruding film edge (50) of the component with this Vapor barrier is glued or welded. 21. Construction according to claim 20, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t that the deton shell (4, 6) in question has at least one arranged below it Isolierfu (108; 130, 132), for example in the form of a section of an I-rail, and optionally heat-insulating intermediate layers (138) are seated on the vapor barrier (106) and that the side of the insulating foot also rests on the vapor barrier and in turn the floor (112, 114) adjoining the concrete shell in question bearing insulating material layer (122; 134, 136) adjoins. 22. Construction according to claim 21 using SandvJich-Bzuelemente according to claim 13, characterized in that the base (112, 114) one drawn into the groove (139), flush with the outer wall of the relevant Concrete shell (4, 6) has subsequent screed support (114). 23. Construction according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that g e -k e n n notices that in the one on the other side of the insulating foot (108; 130, 132) Free space below the relevant sandwich permanent element (2) from the Daipfsperre (106, 10) with enclosed additional insulating material piece (126; 140, 142) is used is. 24. Using sandwich components according to one of the claims 1 to 1G including claim 11 or 12 produced building structure, thereby G e k e n n n n z e i c h -n e t that outside the ceiling (G8) over the insulating material layer (8) the sandwich construction elements supporting the ceiling (2) one to the corresponding Side a vapor barrier (72), e.g. in the form of an insulating layer carrying a plastic film (74) is arranged and that the protruding film edges (50) of the sandwich components are glued or welded to this vapor barrier. 25. Using sandwich components according to one of the claims 1 to 16 produced building structure, thus not shown, because (3 the sandwich components (2) are used as load-bearing components, each both concrete shells (4, 6) are self-supporting. 2G. Anchoring element for the formation of the çandsich-Iauelements after a of claims 1 - 16, characterized in that it consists of at least one a tightly adjoining radial collar (16) carrying one at its ends Profiling suitable for anchoring (13, 20), a transverse bolt (22) or the like. having rod or tube (14). 27. Anchoring element according to claim 26, characterized in that it g e k e n n -es z e i c h n e t that / of two successive longitudinally, by a tensioning member like z.S. a threaded sleeve (14c) or a threaded bolt with counter-rotating threaded sections, connected parts (14a, 14b). 28. Line bushing for sandwich components according to claim 1O, not marked by a plastic pipe or a plastic hose (44), on which, closely connected, a radial collar (46) is located.