CN86107472A - 用于汽车车轮的自动吊挂和卸下装置 - Google Patents

用于汽车车轮的自动吊挂和卸下装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN86107472A
CN86107472A CN86107472.6A CN86107472A CN86107472A CN 86107472 A CN86107472 A CN 86107472A CN 86107472 A CN86107472 A CN 86107472A CN 86107472 A CN86107472 A CN 86107472A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wheel
suspension bracket
trolley conveyor
transfer cart
clamping device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN86107472.6A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN1007513B (zh
Inventor
鹤冈康一
河南敬章
末松二良
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deer Corp
KANAI MOTOR WHEEL
Original Assignee
Deer Corp
KANAI MOTOR WHEEL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP60195022A external-priority patent/JPH0649527B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP60196498A external-priority patent/JPS6257667A/ja
Application filed by Deer Corp, KANAI MOTOR WHEEL filed Critical Deer Corp
Publication of CN86107472A publication Critical patent/CN86107472A/zh
Publication of CN1007513B publication Critical patent/CN1007513B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
    • B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

汽车车轮的自动吊挂及卸下装置，目的在于使汽车车轮涂漆过程完全自动化。吊挂装置能靠车轮夹持机构自动地同时将多个轮子吊挂到吊运式输送机的吊架上。车轮夹持机构包括一个运送车，其沿平行于吊运式输送机的方向移动；一个主框架，其可沿与吊运式输送机的运动方向相垂直的方向移动。卸下装置可自动地卸下吊挂在吊架上的若干个轮子。

Description

本发明属于在汽车车轮涂漆（Coating）的过程中，将汽车车轮自动吊挂起来和自动卸下的装置。借助于该装置，车轮被自动地吊挂起来，并能自动地从悬吊在吊运式输送机上的吊架上卸下来，而不用停止吊运式输送机的运动。
目前，在汽车车轮的涂漆过程中，将被涂漆的车轮靠人工逐个地吊挂起来，并靠人工逐个地将车轮从吊架的吊钩上取下来。然而，这种人工操作存在着危险，因为吊运式输送机运行时，相当重的车轮需要人工搬运。此外，在靠手工吊挂车轮时，将车轮准确地吊挂在吊架的吊钩上是困难的，而且会导致涂漆不均匀。在涂漆过程以后，用人工将车轮卸下来时，车轮容易被吊钩钩住，结果会刮伤涂过漆的车轮。
本发明的目的在于解决上述问题。本发明提供了汽车车轮的自动吊挂装置和自动卸下装置，目的在于：在完全自动的车轮涂漆过程中和高质量的车轮生产过程中，避免涂层不均匀和涂层划伤的现象。本发明由车轮夹持机构、吊架夹持器、主框架及支承板组成。车轮夹持机构包括一个运送车，其在平行于吊架运动方向的两个导轨上往复运动，吊架悬吊在吊运式输送机上;吊架夹持器装在运送车上并能夹住吊架的低端;主框架安装在运送车上，并沿着与吊运式输送机的运动方向相垂直的方向前后移动;支承板放在主框架上，用于夹住或释放车轮。
本发明将从以下实施例结合附图作更清楚的描述。
图1是按照本发明的自动吊挂装置的侧视图，部分被省略;
图2是从图1中Ⅰ-Ⅰ线所示方向看去的吊挂装置的前视图;
图3是吊架夹持器的松开和夹紧机构的一个实例的正视图;
图4是按照本发明的自动卸下装置的侧视图，部分被省略;
图5是沿图4中Ⅳ-Ⅳ线所示方向看去的自动卸下装置的正视图;
图6是从图5中Ⅴ-Ⅴ线看去的如图4所示的自动卸下装置的俯视图。
实施例1
按照本发明的汽车车轮的自动吊挂装置的一个实施例参照图1至图3描述如下。
两个导轨3安装在吊运式输送机2的下面，吊运式输送机与吊架1一起移动，车轮被悬挂在吊架上，导轨3的方向与吊运式输送机的运动方向平行。
运送车4安装在导轨3上，该安装方式能使其借助于液压缸、气缸或类似机构与吊运式输送机平行同步移动。两个主框架5相对放置，安装在运送车4上，在两个主框架之间有吊运式输送机。
该发明的设计，使主框架5在运送车4上垂直于吊运式输送机2的移动方向前后移动。主框架5有一个车轮夹持机构8，其由夹持件6和支承板7组成，车轮被夹紧在该两者之间。该夹持机构的数量取决于吊架1上吊钩F的数量。在附图中在竖直方向仅安装了两组车轮夹持机构。
在附图中，夹持件6大致做成V型，以便于托住车轮，并防止车轮落下来。此外，只要夹持件6能稳固地夹住车轮，它也可以采用任何其它的结构。夹持件6的设计，使其能借助于液压缸、气缸或类似机构垂直移动，以便同支承板7一起牢固地夹住车轮。
支承板7做成大致V型，该板与夹持件6有相同的特征。也就是说，一旦被涂漆的车轮的直径发生变化，支承板7（在该实施例中有两个）就通过螺旋轴S，由脉冲式电动机M带动进行垂直并同步移动，以便调整支承板7和夹持件6之间的距离。
一个压紧件安装在夹持件6和支承板7之间大体中部的地方，并处于它们稍后的位置上。该压紧件所做成的结构，使压紧板9可以借助于液压缸，气缸C或类似机构沿导轨轴G前后移动，车轮被紧压在吊架1上。吊架夹持器10装在运送车4上，使其位于吊运式输送机2的下部。吊架夹持器10借助于齿轮11（图3）松开或夹紧。受电机（未在图中示出）驱动，并准确地夹住吊在吊运式输送机2上的吊架1的低端，以防止吊架摆动。
装在主框架5上端的元件是一个光电管12和一组光电管13。光电管12检测已经在主框架5中部的吊架1，光电管13检测吊架1的倾斜。每一个装置由被光电管12、13检测出的信号操纵。
在车轮夹持机构8的夹持件6附有一输送器14，输送器14的顶部具有止挡器15，止挡器15可以与夹持件6连在一起打开或关闭，当轮子W被送到夹持件6上时，在其滚下输送器14的情况下，止挡器15降低，打开输送器，与此同时，止挡器15返回到它最初的位置，即，输送器关闭。
本发明的每一个装置一般都是靠液体压力和气体压力使其前后和垂直移动的，但在某些情况下，对于某些装置也应用电机或电脉冲电动机带动装置的运动。
在附图中，表示了一个主框架的一个自动吊挂装置，而另一个主框架则没有表示在图中，但后者与前者将具有相同的结构和安装。
当轮子从输送器送到车轮夹持机构8的夹持件6上时，车轮W被夹持在夹持件6和支承板7之间，并且夹持件6由液压缸，气缸或类似机构升高。同时，在输送器14上的止挡器15在随夹持件升高的联动中关闭，因此，下一个轮子在止挡器15处停住，准备等待着被吊起。当一个空吊架1（无车轮）靠吊运式输送机2的移动接近自动吊挂装置时，空吊架1的此种状态被在主框架5上的光电管12所检测，于是运送车4开始在与吊运式输送机2的运动方向相同的方向上，以预定的速度移动（与吊运式输送机2的移动速度相同）。几乎同时，随着运送车4的运动的开始，吊架夹持器10夹住吊架1的低端，以防止吊架摆动。
吊运式输送机2的速度在整个涂漆过程中，随着载荷的变化而每时每刻在变化，如果吊运式输送机的移动速度与自动吊挂装置的移动速度之间的差值变大，则吊架倾斜。吊架的倾斜会引起车轮的吊挂失误及车轮吊挂的不准确，导致涂层不均。从这点看，为了检测吊架的任何倾斜，安装了一组光电管13。当吊架倾斜、遮住光电管时，液压缸被起动，运送车4的速度被自动地调整。因此，吊运式输送机和自动吊挂装置一起同步前进。同时，主框架5在运送车4上向前移动，到达夹着车轮的夹持件6的前表面与吊架1相接触的位置，并且，车轮W的轮毂孔放在吊架1的吊钩F上，在其上，主框架5上的压紧装置起动，压紧板9将车轮压到钩子F的最里处。
随后，一旦压紧板9退回到其最初的位置，夹持件6就降低，车轮的吊挂操作完成。
更好的是，将车轮准确地吊在吊钩的最里部分，可以通过在后退主框架时，迫使压紧板9再次往外压出，将车轮W紧压在吊架1上来实现。
然后，与此同时，当主框架的返回运动开始时或已经返回到原位后，运送车的运动停止，运送车被送回到它的开始位置，等候下一个将被吊起的车轮。
靠重复进行这些操作，轮子能被准确地吊在吊架上而无需操作者的看管。
实施例2
按照本发明的车轮的自动卸下装置的一个实施例将基于图4至图6描述如下。
两个导轨3装在吊运式输送机2的下面，吊运式输送机2与吊架1一起移动，车轮被悬挂在吊架1上，导轨3的方向与吊运式输送机2的移动方向平行。运送车4安装在导轨3上，使运送车能借助于液压缸、气缸或类似机构与吊运式输送机2同步向前移动。两个主框架5相对放置，安装在运送车4上，吊运式输送机2位于两个主框架之间。在附图中，ST表示一个止挡块。
主框架5装在运送车4上，以使主框架可以在与吊运式输送机2的移动方向成直角的方向上前后移动。
主框架5具有车轮夹持机构8，其包括夹持件6和与夹持件6一起夹紧车轮W的支承板7。车轮夹持机构8的数量取决于吊架1上吊钩F的数量。附图中，在竖直方向上安装了两组这样的机构。
在夹持件6上，在其大致中部的位置沿车轮的轴向方向有一槽16，夹持件6的形状可以防止其所托住的轮子落下来。当然，只要能稳固地夹持住车轮，夹持件6可以采用任何结构。
夹持件6在竖直方向是可以移动的，这样就可以与支承板7一起夹住车轮。导板17装在夹持件6的前端，它可借助于液体压力摆动。
当被搬运的车轮的直径改变时，支承板7可通过螺旋轴S，由脉冲式电动机M带动，沿竖直方向移动，以便调整支承板7和夹持件6之间的距离。
一个压紧装置安置在夹持件6和支承板7的侧边。该压紧装置的压紧板18可借助于液压缸、气缸或类似机构前后移动，以便将轮子从车轮夹持机构8中推到卸料输送机19上。
在卸料输送机19上的轮子被送到随后的工序中。吊架夹持器10安装在运送车4上，以使其位于吊运式输送机2的下部。吊架夹持器10借助于由电机驱动的齿轮11松开和夹紧，并能准确地夹紧悬吊在吊运式输送机2上的吊架1的低端，以防止吊架摆动。在主框架5的上方有光电管12及光电管组13。光电管12检测已经位于主框架5的中部的吊架1，光电管组13检测吊架1的倾斜。每一个装置都由光电管12、13所检测出的信号控制操作。
本发明的每一个装置一般是由液体压力或气体压力推动其前后和垂直移动的。但在某些情况下，对于某些装置，也使用电机或电脉冲发动机。
附图中1表示了一个主框架上的自动卸下装置，但另一个主框架将与该主框架有相同的结构和安装。
当吊架1吊挂着已经完成了涂漆工序的涂漆轮，靠吊运式输送机2的移动接近自动卸下装置时，这个动作过程由安装在主框架上的光电管12检测，同时，自动卸下装置的运送车4在与吊运式输送机2的移动方向相同的方向上以预先设置的速度开始移动（与吊运式输送机2的移动速度相同）。几乎同时，当运送车的运动开始时，吊架夹持器10夹紧吊架1的低端以防止吊架摆动。
吊运式输送机2的速度随着整个涂漆过程中的载荷的变化而随时变化，如果在吊运式输送机的移动速度与自动卸下装置的移动速度之间的速度差值变大，吊架就倾斜。吊架的倾斜会引起卸下车轮的失误，结果吊架与吊在它上面的车轮一起被送到下一个工序中。鉴于此，在主框架5上设置了用于检测吊架的任何倾斜的一组光电管13。当吊架倾斜，遮住光电管时，液压缸、气缸或类似机构被起动，运送车4的速度被自动调整。因此，吊运式输送机能和自动卸下装置一起同步向前。同时，在运送车4上的主框架5朝着吊起车轮W的吊架1的方向运送，其进一步运送到夹持件6的前表面与吊架1相接触的位置。
然后，夹持件被升高，以在其和支承板之间夹住车轮。此时，车轮被升高，车轮的轮壳孔脱离吊架上的钩子F。
随后，夹持件的导板17升高，当主框架5退回时，车轮与吊架脱离。同时，吊架夹持器10松开，吊架自由吊挂，运送车4不再与吊运式输送机2同步运行，运送车继续前进，到达卸下车轮的位置，并在该位置停止。
然后，夹持件降低，安装在夹持件6上的车轮被压紧板18推到卸料输送机19上。当运送车4返回到其运动的起始点时，导轨17降低，准备卸下下一个轮子。
靠重复这些操作，轮子能从吊架上准确地卸下来，而不需要操作者的看管。
在上述实施例1和实施例2中，提供了带有吊运式输送机的两个自动吊挂装置和两个自动卸下装置。吊运式输送机位于两个自动吊挂装置和两个自动卸下装置的中间。但是随着场合的需要，也可以只提供一个装置。
由于把按照本发明的装置制作成如上所述的结构，所以多个轮子能被同时起吊和卸下，而不用停止吊运式输送机的运动。因此，在涂漆过程中可以不需要操作者而进行吊挂和卸下的操作，也就是说可实现涂漆工序的全自动化。此外，由于本发明能够准确地吊挂和卸下车轮，其有助于车轮的最后一道工序的高质量生产，即避免涂漆不均和避免在涂过漆的车轮上出现划痕。

Claims (3)

1、用于汽车车轮的自动吊挂装置和自动卸下装置，每个装置包括：安装在两个导轨上，并能沿着与悬吊在吊运式输送机上的吊架的运动方向平行的方向往复移动的运送车；安装在所说的运送车上，以便夹住所说的吊架的低端的吊架夹持器；安装在所说的运送车上，并能沿着与吊运式输送机的移动方向相垂直的方向前后移动的主框架；由放在主框架上用于放松和夹紧车轮的夹持件及支承板所组成的轮子夹持机构。
2、一个用于汽车车轮的自动吊挂装置，具有一个安装在两个导轨上的运送车，其沿着与悬吊在吊运式输送机上的吊架的运动方向平行的方向往复移动;一个吊架夹持器，其安装在所说的运送车上，以便夹住所说的吊架的低端;一个主框架，其安装在所说的运送车上，并沿着与吊运式输送机的运动方向相垂直的方向前后移动;一个车轮夹持机构，其由用于放松和夹紧轮子的夹持件及支承板组成;一个输送器，其将轮子送到所说的车轮夹持机构上;一个压紧件，其将轮子从所说的车轮夹持机构上压到吊架上。
3、一个用于汽车车轮的自动卸下装置，具有：一个车轮夹持机构，其包括一个装在两个导轨上的运送车，运送车可沿着与悬吊在吊运式输送机上的吊架的移动方向平行的方向往复运动;一个吊架夹持器，其安装在所说的运送车上以便夹住所说的吊架的低端;一个主框架，其安装在所说的运送车上，并沿着与吊运式输送机的移动方向相垂直的方向前后移动，一个车轮夹持机构，其由用于放松和夹紧车轮的夹持件及支承板组成;一个车轮推出机构，其将车轮从所说的车轮夹持机构中推出，推到卸料输送机上。
CN86103587A 1985-09-04 1986-09-03 用于汽车车轮的自动吊挂和卸下装置 Expired CN1007513B (zh)

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