CN205317561U - 样本混合和转移装置 - Google Patents
样本混合和转移装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN205317561U CN205317561U CN201520995617.1U CN201520995617U CN205317561U CN 205317561 U CN205317561 U CN 205317561U CN 201520995617 U CN201520995617 U CN 201520995617U CN 205317561 U CN205317561 U CN 205317561U
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- sample
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- powder
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Abstract
在此公开了一种适于接纳样品的样品混合和转移装置。所述样品混合和转移装置包括外壳、设置在外壳内的包括细孔的材料以及设置于所述材料的细孔内的干燥的抗凝血粉末。在一个实施例中,所述材料是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,使用抗凝血剂处理所述材料以形成精细分布在整个材料的细孔中的干燥的抗凝粉末。血液样本可以被接纳在所述样本混合和转移装置中。所述血液样本在流经所述材料时被暴露在抗凝血粉末中并与其混合。
Description
相关申请的交互引用
本申请要求2014年10月14日提交、标题为“使用开孔泡沫的血液样本管理”、序列号为No.62/063,536的美国临时申请的优先权,以及2015年8月20日提交、标题为“使用开孔泡沫的血液样本管理”、序列号为No.62/207,618的美国临时申请的优先权。其公开的所有内容在此通过引用的方式被并入。
技术领域
总体而言,本实用新型涉及一种血液转移装置。更具体地说,本实用新型涉及一种血液转移装置,一种血液转移装置以及试验系统,一种采血针和血液转移装置,以及一种加载抗凝血剂的方法。
背景技术
血液样本采集是一中普通健康护理程序,其包括从患者身上取出至少一滴血液。血样通常以手指穿刺、足跟穿刺或静脉穿刺的方式从在医院就医、家庭护理以及急诊室患者身上提取。一旦已采集,血样将被分析以获取有用的医疗信息,其包括,例如,化学组成信息,血液学信息以及凝结物信息。
血液试验确定患者的生理和生化状态,例如疾病,矿物质含量,药物有效性以及器官功能。血液试验可以在临床实验室进行,或者也可以在患者附近的护理点进行。
实用新型内容
本实用新型提供一种适于接纳样品的样品混合和转移装置。所述样品混合和转移装置包括外壳,设置在外壳内的包括细孔的材料,以及在所述材料的细孔内的干燥的抗凝血粉末。在一个实施例中,所述材料是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,使用抗凝血剂处理所述开孔泡沫以形成精细分布在所述整个材料的细孔中的干燥的抗凝粉末。血液样本可以被接纳在所述样本混合和转移装置中。所述血液样本在通过所述材料时被暴露在抗凝血粉末中并与其混合。
本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置提供在流通状态下血液与抗凝血剂均匀而被动的混合。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置可以在所述材料的微结构中锁住血凝块或其它污染物,防止它们被分配到诊断样本端口。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置能够实现被动流通血液稳定化的简单、低成本设计。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置能够通过将材料与抗凝血剂和水进行浸泡处理,而后干燥所述材料以形成在整个材料的细孔中精细分布的干燥的抗凝粉末的方式,而对于将抗凝血剂施加到所述材料中进行精确控制。
本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置可以为血液流过一条管的应用提供一种有效的被动血液混合方案。这种样本混合和转移装置对小血量,例如,血量少于50μL或少于500μL的情况下是有用的;和/或在惯性的(例如,基于重力的)力,对通过来回翻转血液采集容器(例如所需的真空管)的批量手工混合无效的情况下是有用的。
根据本实用新型的一个实施例,一种适于接纳样本的样本混合和转移装置包括外壳,设置于外壳内且包括细孔的材料以及在材料细孔内的干燥抗凝血粉末。所述外壳具有第一端、第二端以及在第一和第二端之间延伸的侧壁。
在一种配置中,所述样品是血液样品。在另一种配置中,所述外壳适于通过所述第一端接纳所述血液样本。在另一种配置中,随着所述血液样本被接纳到外壳内,所述血液样本穿过所述材料,由此将血液样本与干燥的抗凝血粉末有效地混合。在一种配置中,所述血液样本在穿过所述材料时,溶解干燥的抗凝血粉末并与干燥的抗凝血粉末混合。在另一种配置中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。在另一种配置中,所述材料是海绵。在一种配置中,所述第一端包括入口。在另一种配置中,所述第二端包括出口。在另一个配置中,所述外壳限定混合腔,所述混合腔具有设置于该混合腔内的包括细孔的材料。在一种配置中,所述外壳包括液体与入口和所述混合腔流体连通的入口通道以及与所述混合腔和出口流体连通的出口通道。在另一种配置中,所述外壳包括位于所述混合腔和所述出口之间的分配腔。
根据本实用新型另一个实施例,一种适于接纳样本的样本混合和转移装置包括外壳,设置于所述外壳内的干燥抗凝血粉末以及设置于所述外壳内的混合元件。所述外壳具有第一端、第二端以及在其间延伸的侧壁。
在一种配置中,所述样品是血液样品。在另一种配置中,所述外壳适于通过所述第一端接纳所述血液样本。在另一种配置中,随着所述血液样本被接纳到外壳内,所述混合元件干涉所述血液样本流,以促进血液样本和所述干燥抗凝血粉末的混合。在另一种配置中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末被设置在所述外壳的内表面上。在另一种配置中,所述混合元件包括多个柱。在一种配置中,所述第一端包括入口。在另一种配置中,所述第二端包括出口。在另一种配置中,所述外壳限定了混合腔,在混合腔内部设置有干燥抗凝血粉末。在一种配置中,所述外壳包括与入口和所述混合腔流体连通的入口通道以及与所述混合腔和出口流体连通的出口通道。在另一种配置中,所述外壳包括位于所述混合腔和所述出口之间的分配腔。在另一种配置中,所述外壳的入口通道和出口通道之间包括有两个转向流通道。
根据本实用新型另一个实施例,一种在具有细孔的材料上加载抗凝血剂的方法,其包括将材料在抗凝血剂和水的液体溶液中浸泡,蒸发所述液体溶液的水,以及在所述材料的细孔中形成干燥的抗凝粉末。
在一种配置中,所述材料是海绵。在另一种配置中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。
附图说明
结合相应的附图,参考下述具体实施方式的描述,本实用新型前述以及其它的特性和优点,以及取得上述优点的方式将更为显明,本实用新型本身也能被更好的理解。附图中:
图1是根据本实用新型一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的部分截面图。
图2是根据本实用新型一个实施例的在整个微结构中分布有干燥抗凝血粉末的开口泡沫材料的微结构的微观图。
图3是根据本实用新型另一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的部分截面图。
图4是本实用新型一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的立体图。
图5是根据本实用新型一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的部分截面图。
图6是根据本实用新型一个实施例的沿着图5中线6-6的线剖切得到的部分截面图。
图7是本实用新型另一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的立体图。
图8是根据本实用新型另一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的部分截面图。
图9是根据本实用新型一个实施例的沿着图8中线9-9的线剖切得到的部分截面图。
图10是根据本实用新型另一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置的一些可替代实施例的立体图。
图11A是根据本实用新型一个实施例的注射系统的立体图。
图11B是根据本实用新型一个实施例的图11A所示的注射系统的放大部分立体图。
图11C是根据本实用新型一个实施例的注射系统的立体图。
图12是根据本实用新型一个实施例的开口泡沫材料的立体图。
图13是根据本实用新型一个实施例的在整个微结构中分布有干燥抗凝血粉末的开口泡沫材料的微结构的微观图。
图14是未经处理的泡沫材料的微结构的微观图。
图15是根据本实用新型一个实施例的注射系统的立体图。
图16是根据本实用新型一个实施例的抗凝血剂被流过开口泡沫材料的血液样本吸收的展示图,该开口泡沫材料在其整个微结构中分布有干燥抗凝血粉末。
图17是根据本实用新型一个实施例的血液转移系统的立体图。
图18是根据本实用新型一个实施例的血液转移系统的立体图。
图19是根据本实用新型一个实施例的血液转移系统的立体图。
图20是根据本实用新型一个实施例的血液转移系统的立体图。
上述所有图中,相应的参考标记代表相应的部件。上述举例仅说明本实用新型示范性的实施方式,不应以任何方式解释成对本实用新型保护范围的限制。
具体实施方式
提供以下描述使得本领域技术人员可以制造并使用所描述的实施方式并实现本实用新型。然而,多种更改、替换、变化以及选择,对本领域技术人员来说将保持显而易见。任何和所有这种更改、变化、替换以及选择都落到本实用新型的保护范围之内。
为了在下文中描述的目的,所述术语“上面的”、“下面的”、“右侧”、“左侧”、“竖向”、“水平”、“顶部”、“底部”、“侧部”、“纵向的”以及由此引出的术语将以其在附图中指向的方式涉及到本实用新型。然而,需要理解的是,除了明显相反的以外,本实用新型可以呈现多种替代的变化。还需要理解的是,附图所示以及在后续说明书中描述的特定装置仅仅是本实用新型的示例性实施例。因此,在此披露的实施例的特定尺寸以及其它物理特性不认为是对其的限制。
图1-3示出了根据本实用新型一个实施例的样本混合和转移装置。所述样本混合和转移装置10适于接纳样本12。在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置10包括:外壳14,设置于外壳14内包括细孔18的材料16,以及所述材料16的细孔18内的干燥抗凝血粉末20。
随着所述样本混合和转移装置10接纳样本12,所述样本混合和转移装置10的一部分充当流过腔,使得所述样本12与所述材料16内的所述干燥抗凝血粉末20有效地混合。在另一些实施方式中,所述材料16可以包括其它干燥物质。通过样品12穿过所述材料16来实现所述有效的混合。在所述材料16的整个微结构中分布有所述干燥抗凝血粉末。
本实用新型公开的所述样本混合和转移装置10在流通条件下提供血液和抗凝血剂的均匀且被动混合。本实用新型的一种样本混合和转移装置10可以在所述材料16的微结构中锁住血凝块或其它污染物,防止它们被分配到诊断样本端口。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置10能够实现被动流通血液稳定化的简单、低成本设计。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置10,能够通过将材料16与抗凝血剂和水进行浸泡处理,而后干燥所述材料16以形成在所述材料16的整个细孔18中精细分布的干燥的抗凝粉末20的方式,而对于将抗凝血剂混合到所述材料16上提供精确的控制。
本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置10将为血液流过一条管的应用提供一种有效的被动血液混合方案。这种样本混合和转移装置10对小血量,例如,血量少于50μL或少于500μL的情况下是有用的;和/或在惯性的(例如,基于重力的)力对通过来回翻转血液采集容器(例如所需的真空管)的批量手工混合无效的情况下,是有用的。
图1示出了根据本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置10的一个示例性实施例。参考图1,在一个实施例中,样本混合和转移装置10包括:外壳14;设置于外壳14内包括细孔18的材料16;以及所述材料16的细孔18内的干燥抗凝血粉末20。所述外壳14包括第一端22、第二端24以及在所述第一端22和第二端24之间延伸的侧壁26。在一个实施例中,所述第一端22包括入口28,所述第二端24包括出口30。
参考图1,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置10的外壳14包括入口通道32以及出口通道34。所述入口通道32以及所述出口通道34通过流通管道或混合腔36流体连通。例如,所述入口通道32与所述入口28及所述混合腔36流体连通;所述出口通道34与所述混合腔36以及所述出口30流体连通。在一个实施例中,所述材料16被设置于外壳14的所述混合腔34内。
在一个实施例中,所述材料16是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料16是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫用抗凝血剂处理,如下文中详细描述的那样,以形成精细分布在所述开孔泡沫16的所述细孔18中的干燥抗凝血粉末20。样品12可以被接纳到所述样本混合和转移装置10之中。在一些实施例中,所述样品12基于毛细管原理而被吸收到所述材料16中。在一些实施例中,所述样品12可以是血液样品。所述血液样品在流经所述材料16的复杂的微结构时,遇到所述抗凝血粉末20并与之混合。如此,所述样本混合和转移装置10产生稳定的样品。在一些实施例中,所述稳定的样品可以被转移到诊断器械,例如血液试验设备、护理点实验设备或类似的分析设备。
在一个实施例中,所述材料16是开孔泡沫。例如,所述材料16是与血不发生作用的柔软可变形的开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫可以是三聚氰胺泡沫,例如可从BASF获得的泡沫。在另一些实施例中,所述开孔泡沫可以包括甲醛三聚氰胺重亚硫酸盐共聚物。所述开孔泡沫可以是耐热并且耐很多有机溶剂的柔性亲水开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫是海绵材料。
现在讨论在具有细孔18的材料16上加载抗凝血剂的方法。在一个实施例中,所述方法包括将所述材料16浸泡在抗凝血剂和水的溶液中;蒸发所述溶液的水;在所述材料16的细孔18中形成干燥的抗凝血剂粉末20。
如附图2所示,本实用新型公开的方法通过将材料16与抗凝血剂和水进行浸泡处理,而后干燥所述材料16以形成在所述材料16的整个细孔18中精细分布的干燥的抗凝粉末20的方式,而对于将抗凝血剂加载到所述材料中进行精确控制。
抗凝血剂,例如肝磷脂或EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸),和其它血液稳定药剂一样通过将所述材料16浸泡在所需浓度的液体溶剂中的方式,作为液体溶剂引入材料16。如图2所示,在蒸发液体相(例如将水从水和肝磷脂溶液中蒸发)之后,干燥的抗凝血粉末20形成且精确地分布在所述材料16的整个内部结构上。例如,所述干燥抗凝血粉末20被形成且精细地分布贯穿材料16的细孔18。材料16可以被处理,以提供疏水的、亲水的或者反应性的内部孔表面。
在一种配置中,提供开孔泡沫作为所述材料16的关键优点是,已知数量的抗凝血剂可以被装载到所述泡沫材料的细孔18中。所需浓度的抗凝血剂可以被溶解在水或者其它合适的溶剂中,然后以液体的形式被引入到所述开孔泡沫材料16的所述细孔18中。在一个实施例中,所述抗凝血剂可以通过将所述开孔泡沫材料16浸泡在抗凝血剂和水或溶剂的溶液中,随后将所述开孔泡沫材料16干燥的方式而装载到细孔18中。所述开孔泡沫材料16可以被在大气中干燥,也可以在加热的烤箱中干燥。在干燥之后,所述抗凝血剂可以以干燥粉末的方式分布在所述开孔泡沫材料16的整个内部微结构中。
应该注意到,合适的具有相互连接的细孔的亲水泡沫材料可以用抗凝血剂加载,如上所述,而且可以如这里所述的那样作为流通血液稳定剂使用。
使用三聚氰胺基泡沫材料的一个关键优点是,三聚氰胺泡沫通常具有低的分析偏差。如本文所讨论的,分析偏差是被分析物的测量值与血液控制值的差值。一般来说,当被分析物被附着在一个材料的表面,通过引入其它能影响测量的成分或激活生物学进程的方式将被分析物从材料上滤除时,会产生分析偏差。适合如本文所讨论的使用的附加开孔泡沫材料,其包括有机热塑性塑料以及热固性聚合物以及共聚物,其包括但不限于聚烯烃、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺,例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)等等。所述材料可以是纤维状组织,例如,编织纤维型或随机纤维型,或不规则的三维结构。
为了防止或最小化移动装置10的外壳14带来的潜在的分析偏差,所述外壳14的材质可以被处理。在一个实施例中,所述外壳14可以用附加的涂层处理,该涂层可以阻止被分析物粘结在表面上。附加的涂层可以包括但不限于:1)蛋白质,例如牛血清白蛋白(BSA),酪蛋白,或者脱脂牛奶;2)表面活性剂,例如聚山梨醇酯20(吐温20)和有机矽化合物(L-720);3)聚合体和共聚物,例如聚乙二醇(PEG),聚乙烯醇(PVA),以及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP);4)碳水化合物,例如右旋糖苷以及粘多糖,例如肝磷脂;以及5)模仿细胞膜的聚合体,例如保湿因子。
可替代地,所述外壳14可以通过化学表面改性来处理。化学表面改性可以包括,但不限于:1)气体等离子处理;2)化学键接或聚乙二醇(PEG)或其它聚合体以得到需要的疏水性或亲水性;3)对表面进行化学改性以使其包括亲水性成分,例如乙二醇;或疏水基,例如长碳链;以及4)蒸发沉积物,例如聚对二甲苯。在此可以被意识到任何上述材料的组合可以被用来获得所需的特性,以最小化对特定被分析物或被分析物组的分析偏差。
在一个实施例中,所述混合腔36包括其中具备干燥抗凝血粉末20的所述材料16。例如,参考附图1和3,所述材料16被设置于所述样本混合和转移装置10的所述混合腔36内。如上所述,所述抗凝血剂可以被装载在具备细孔18的所述材料16中。
参考图1,所述样本混合和转移装置10的所述外壳14适于通过所述第一端22接纳样本12。例如,所述样本混合和转移装置10的所述外壳14适于通过所述入口28接纳样本12。在样本12通过所述入口28进入所述样本混合和转移装置10后,所述样本12流过所述入口通道32进入混合腔36。
随着所述样本被接纳进入所述混合腔36,所述混合腔36作为流通腔,以有效地混合所述样本12和所述材料16中的所述干燥抗凝血粉末20。在另一些实施例中,所述材料16可以包括其它干燥材料。通过将所述样本12流经具有干燥抗凝血粉末20分布在其整个微结构中的所述材料16来实现所述有效的混合。在流经所述材料16时,所述样本12溶解所述干燥抗凝血粉末并与之混合。
参考图2,示出了所述材料16的微结构视图,所述材料16具有干燥抗凝血粉末20分布在其整个微结构中,例如,其细孔18中。
参考图3,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置10的所述外壳14包括分配腔或保持腔38。所述分配腔38可以邻近所述样本混合和转移装置10的所述出口30。例如,所述分配腔38可以设置于所述混合腔36和所述出口30之间。
当血液样本流过所述材料16的复杂微结构时,血液样本暴露在抗凝血粉末20下并与其混合之后,稳定的样本从所述材料16通过所述出口通道34流向所述分配腔38。所述稳定的样本可以保持在所述分配腔38内,直到需要将所述稳定的样本从所述样本混合和转移装置10转移。例如,所述稳定的样本可以被转移到诊断器械,例如血液试验设备,护理点实验设备或类似的分析设备。
图4-10示出本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置10的另一些例示性实施例。参考图4-10,本实用新型的一种样本混合和转移装置10对小血量的情况也是有效的,所述小血量通常与层流条件相关,其需要流动障碍物来促进样本与设置在所述流通结构内壁上的干燥抗凝血剂的混合。
图4-6示出本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置的另一个例示性实施例。所述样本混合和转移装置100适于接纳样本112。在一些实施例中,所述样本112可以是血液样本。在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置100包括外壳114,设置在所述外壳114内的干燥抗凝血粉末120,以及设置在所述外壳114内的混合元件115。
所述外壳114包括第一端122,第二端124,以及在所述第一端122和所述第二端124之间延伸的侧壁126。在一个实施例中,所述第一端122包括入口128,所述第二端124包括出口130。
参考图5,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置100的所述外壳114包括入口通道132以及出口通道134。所述入口通道132通过流动通道或混合腔136而与所述出口通道134流体连通。例如,所述入口通道132与所述入口128及所述混合腔136流体连通。所述出口通道134与所述出口130及所述混合腔136流体连通。在一个实施例中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末120设置在所述外壳114的所述混合腔136内。
在一个实施例中,所述入口通道132通过第一流动通道140及第二流动通道142与所述出口通道134流体连通。例如,所述入口通道132可以分成两个独立的流动通道,例如,第一流动通道140及第二流动通道142。所述两个独立的流动通道,例如,第一流动通道140及第二流动通道142,可以都流入所述出口通道134,如图5所示。
所述第一流动通道140包括壁144,所述第二流动通道142包括壁146。在一个实施例中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末120的第一部分设置在壁144上,所述干燥抗凝血粉末120的第二部分设置在壁146上。例如,在一个实施例中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末120的第一部分设置在所述外壳114的内表面148上,例如壁144的内表面,所述干燥抗凝血粉末120的第二部分设置在所述外壳114的内表面148上,例如,壁146的内表面。
参考图5,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置100的所述外壳114包括分配腔或保持腔138。所述分配腔138可以邻近所述样本混合和转移装置100的所述出口130。例如,所述分配腔138可以设置于所述混合腔136和所述出口130之间。在一个实施例中,分配腔138可以位于所述流动通道140、142以及所述出口130之间。
在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置100包括设置于外壳114内的混合元件115。例如,所述混合腔136的一部分也可以包括阻碍物或混合促进器150,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末120的混合。在一些实施例中,所述第一流动通道140的一部分以及所述第二流动通道142的一部分可以包括阻碍物或混合促进器150,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末120的混合。
参考图4-6,所述样本混合和转移装置100适于通过第一端122接纳样本122。例如,所述样本混合和转移装置100的所述外壳114适于通过入口128接纳样本122。所述样本112流入所述入口128以及入口通道132。在一些实施例中,所述样本122可以是血液样本。
随着所述血液样本被接纳进入入口通道132,所述血液样本的第一部分152流向所述第一流动通道140,所述血液样本的第二部分154流向所述第二流动通道142。所述第一流动通道140为所述血液样本的第一部分152提供第一流路,所述第二流动通道142为所述血液样本的第二部分154提供第二流路。
随着所述血液样本的第一部分152被接纳进入所述第一流动通道140,所述血液样本的第一部分152与设置在所述第一流动通道140的壁144上的干燥抗凝血粉末120的第一部分混合。所述第一流动通道140也可以包括阻碍物或混合促进器150,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末120的混合。在混合之后,所述血液样本的第一部分152和干燥抗凝血粉末120的第一部分,也就是稳定的血液样本,流向所述出口通道134。
随着所述血液样本的第二部分154被接纳进入所述第二流动通道142,所述血液样本的第二部分154与设置在所述第二流动通道142的壁146上的干燥抗凝血粉末120的第二部分混合。所述第二流动通道142也可以包括阻碍物或混合促进器150,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末120的混合。在混合之后,所述血液样本的第二部分154和干燥抗凝血粉末120的第二部分,也就是稳定的血液样本,流向所述出口通道134。
在另一些实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置100的其它部分也可以包括阻碍物或混合促进器150,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末120的混合。
图7-10示出了本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置10的另一些例示性实施例。参考图7和图8,样本混合和转移装置200适于接纳样本212。在一些实施例中,所述样本212可以是血液样本。在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置200包括外壳214,设置在所述外壳214内的干燥抗凝血粉末220,以及设置在所述外壳214内的混合元件215。
所述外壳214包括第一端222,第二端224,以及在所述第一端222和所述第二端224之间延伸的侧壁226。在一个实施例中,所述第一端222包括入口228,所述第二端224包括出口230。
参考图8,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置200的所述外壳214包括入口通道232以及出口通道234。所述入口通道232通过流动通道或混合腔236与所述出口通道234流体连通。例如,所述入口通道232与所述入口228及所述混合腔236流体连通;所述出口通道234与所述出口20及所述混合腔236流体连通。在一个实施例中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末220设置在所述外壳214的所述混合腔236内。在一个实施例中,所述干燥抗凝血粉末220被设置在所述外壳214的内表面260上。
参考图8,在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置200的所述外壳214包括分配腔或保持腔238。所述分配腔238可以邻近所述样本混合和转移装置200的所述出口230。例如,所述分配腔238可以设置于所述混合腔236和所述出口230之间。
在一个实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置200包括设置于外壳214内的混合元件215。在一个实施例中,所述混合元件215包括多个柱270。例如,所述混合腔136可以包括多个柱270,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末220的混合。
参考图7和图8,所述样本混合和转移装置200适于通过所述第一端222接纳样本212。例如,所述样本混合和转移装置200的所述外壳214适于通过所述入口228接纳样本212。所述样本212流入所述入口228和入口通道232。在一些实施例中,所述样本212可以是血液样本。
随着所述血液样本被接纳进入入口通道232,所述血液样本流进所述所述混合腔236。随着血液样本流进所述所述混合腔236,所述血液样本与设置在所述外壳214的内表面260上的所述干燥抗凝血粉末220混合。所述混合腔236可以包括多个柱270,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末220的混合。在混合之后,所述血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末220,也就是稳定的血液样本,流向所述出口通道234。
在另一些实施例中,所述样本混合和转移装置200的其它部分可以包括混合元件215,其与血液样本的流路相干涉,从而促进血液样本和干燥抗凝血粉末220的混合。
参考图10,示出了本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置的一些可替代实施例。
图11A-16,示出了本实用新型的材料的另一个例示性实施例。如上所述,所述材料502包括细孔505,且所述材料502的所述细孔504中分布有干燥抗凝血粉末504。在一个实施例中,所述材料502是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料502是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫用抗凝血剂处理,如上详细所述,以形成精细分布在所述材料502的所述整个细孔中的干燥抗凝血粉末504。
在一个实施例中,所述材料502是开孔泡沫。例如,所述材料502是与血不发生作用的柔软可变形的开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫可以是三聚氰胺泡沫,例如可从BASF购得的泡沫。在另一些实施例中,所述开孔泡沫可以包括甲醛三聚氰胺重亚硫酸盐共聚物。所述开孔泡沫可以是耐热耐有机溶剂的柔性亲水开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,所述开孔泡沫是海绵材料。
参考图11A-16,所述材料502可以被应用在注射系统500中。所述注射系统500可以包括其内具有干燥抗凝血粉末504的开孔泡沫材料502。开孔泡沫材料502设在注射系统500中。如上所述,所述抗凝血剂可以被装载在具有细孔505的开孔泡沫材料502中。
在一个实施例中,所述注射系统500包括注射器筒506,该注射器筒506具有第一端508,第二端510以及在其间延伸的侧壁512,并且限定出内部空间514。参考图11A-11C及15,所述开孔泡沫材料502设置在所述注射器筒506的所述内部空间514内。
在一个实施例中,所述注射系统500包括柱塞杆516以及止挡件518。所述柱塞杆516包括第一端520和第二端522。所述止挡件518与所述柱塞杆516的第二端522衔接,且其可滑动地设置在所述注射器筒506的内部空间514内。止挡件518的尺寸与所述注射器筒506的内部空间514相关,以与所述注射器筒506的侧壁512密封结合。
所述开孔泡沫材料502被放置在所述注射器筒506内以混合并稳定血液。具有开孔泡沫材料502植入其中的所述注射器筒506收集所述血液。经稳定的血液可以随后被分配用于分析。在一个实施例中,所述注射系统500是动脉血气注射器,且经稳定的血液可以被分配用于血气分析。
在一个实施例中,所述注射系统500作为流通腔,使得所述血液样本和所述开孔泡沫材料502中的所述干燥抗凝血粉末504有效混合。在另一些实施例中,所述开孔泡沫材料502可以包含其它干燥物质。通过使血液样本流经具有干燥抗凝血粉末504分布在其整个微结构中的所述开孔泡沫材料502,可以实现有效的混合。
参考图13,示出了所述开孔泡沫材料502的微结构视图。该开孔泡沫材料502具有干燥抗凝血粉末504分布在其整个微结构中。参考图14,示出了未经处理的泡沫材料的微结构的微观图。参考图16,图片展示了抗凝血剂被流过开口泡沫材料的血液样本吸收。该开口泡沫材料在其整个微结构中分布有干燥抗凝血粉末。
图17-20图示了根据本实用新型的样本混合和转移装置的一个例示性实施例。参见图17-20,在一个实施例中,血液转移装置600包括注射系统602,管604以及容器606。在一个实施例中,所述容器606容纳血液608。
在一个实施例中,所述管604包括其中具有干燥抗凝血粉末614的开孔泡沫材料612。如上所述,所述抗凝血剂可以摆加载到所述具有细孔的开孔泡沫材料612内。所述开孔泡沫材料612被设置在所述管604内。所述管604包括第一端616以及第二端618。
在一个实施例中,所述注射系统602包括注射器筒620以及限定出内部空间624的侧壁622。参考图17-20,所述管604适于使得所述注射系统602与所述容器606流体连通。例如,所述管604的所述第一端616可以与所述容器的内容物流体连通,且所述管604的所述第二端618与所述注射器筒620流体连通。
所述开孔泡沫材料612被设置在所述管604中以混合并稳定血液。在一个实施例中,所述血液608通过所述管604被从所述容器606转移到所述注射器筒620。例如,当将血液采集到所述注射器筒620中时,血液样本,例如血液608,穿过所述具有所述开孔泡沫材料612植入其中的管604。如此,所述血液608在进入所述注射器筒620之前被稳定。在经稳定的血液608被容纳在所述注射器筒620之后,经稳定的血液608随后可以被分配用以分析。
在一个实施例中,所述管604作为流经腔,以将血液样本与所述开孔泡沫材料612内的干燥的抗凝血粉末614有效地混合。在另一些实施例中,所述开孔泡沫材料612可以包括其它干燥物质。通过所述血液样品穿过在其整个微结构中分布有所述干燥抗凝血粉末614的所述开孔泡沫材料612来实现所述有效的混合。
如上所述,本实用新型提供了一种材料,其包括细孔且在所述材料的细孔中设置有干燥抗凝血粉末。在一个实施例中,所述材料是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,如上所述,使用抗凝血剂处理所述开孔泡沫以形成精细分布在整个材料的细孔中的干燥的抗凝粉末。
本实用新型提供了所述材料的不同应用和实施方式。例如,在一个实施例中,本实用新型公开的一种样本混合和转移装置适于接纳样本。所述样本混合和转移装置包括外壳,设置在所述外壳内的具有细孔的材料,设置在所述材料的细孔内的干燥抗凝血粉末。在一个实施例中,所述材料是海绵材料。在另一些实施例中,所述材料是开孔泡沫。在一个实施例中,使用抗凝血剂处理所述开孔泡沫以形成精细分布在整个材料的细孔中的干燥的抗凝粉末。在流经所述材料时,血液样本被暴露在所述干燥的抗凝粉末之下并与之混合。
本实用新型公开的所述样本混合和转移装置在流通条件下提供血液和抗凝血剂的均匀且被动混合。本实用新型的一种样本混合和转移装置可以锁住所述材料的微结构中的血凝块或其它污染物,防止它们被分配到诊断样本端口。本实用新型公开的一种样本混合和转移装置能够实现被动流通血液稳定化的简单、低成本设计。本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置通过将材料与抗凝血剂和水进行浸泡处理,而后干燥所述材料以形成在整个材料的细孔中精细分布的干燥的抗凝粉末的方式,而对于将抗凝血剂施加到所述材料中进行精确控制。
本实用新型公开的样本混合和转移装置将为血液流过一条管的应用提供有效的被动血液混合方案。这种样本混合和转移装置对小血量,例如,血量少于50μL或少于500μL的情况下是有用的;和/或在惯性的(例如,基于重力的)力,对通过来回翻转血液采集容器(例如所需的真空管)的批量手工混合无效的情况下是有用的。
如上所述,在本实用新型的另一些实施例中,所述材料可以被应用在一种样本混合和转移系统或一种注射系统中。
虽然本实用新型以具有示例性的设计的方式被描述,但本公开可以进一步在本实用新型的精神和范围之内被修改。本申请也因此覆盖使用通常理论的对本实用新型做出的任何修改、使用或替换。此外,本申请覆盖本在本实用新型基础上根据本实用新型适于的领域中已知或惯例的实践所作的修改,上述修改都落入附加的权利要求的限定之内。
Claims (24)
1.一种适于接纳样本的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,其包括:
外壳,其具有第一端、第二端以及在所述第一端和第二端之间延伸的侧壁;
包括细孔的材料,所述材料设置在所述外壳内;以及
在所述材料的所述细孔内的干燥抗凝血粉末。
2.如权利要求1所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述样本是血液样本。
3.如权利要求2所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳适于通过所述第一端接纳所述血液样本。
4.如权利要求3所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,随着所述血液样本被接纳到所述外壳内,所述血液样本流经所述材料,进而所述血液样本与所述干燥抗凝血粉末有效地混合。
5.如权利要求4所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,当流经所述材料时,所述血液样本溶解所述干燥抗凝血粉末并与所述干燥抗凝血粉末混合。
6.如权利要求1所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述材料是开孔泡沫。
7.如权利要求1所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述材料是海绵。
8.如权利要求1所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述第一端包括入口。
9.如权利要求8所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述第二端包括出口。
10.如权利要求9所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括混合腔,所述材料设置在所述混合腔内。
11.如权利要求10所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括与所述入口以及所述混合腔流体连通的入口通道、以及与所述混合腔以及所述出口流体连通的出口通道。
12.如权利要求11所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括分配腔,所述分配腔位于所述混合腔和所述出口之间。
13.一种适于接纳样本的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,其包括:
外壳,其具有第一端、第二端以及在所述第一端和第二端之间延伸的侧壁;
设置在所述外壳内的干燥抗凝血粉末;以及
设置在所述外壳内的混合元件。
14.如权利要求13所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述样本是血液样本。
15.如权利要求14所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳适于通过所述第一端接纳所述血液样本。
16.如权利要求15所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,随着所述血液样本被接纳到所述外壳内,所述混合元件干涉所述血液样本的流动,以促进所述血液样本与所述干燥抗凝血粉末的混合。
17.如权利要求13所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述干燥抗凝血粉末设置于所述外壳的内表面上。
18.如权利要求13所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述混合元件包括多个柱。
19.如权利要求13所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述第一端包括入口。
20.如权利要求19所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述第二端包括出口。
21.如权利要求20所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括混合腔,所述干燥抗凝血粉末设置在所述混合腔内。
22.如权利要求21所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括与所述入口以及所述混合腔流体连通的入口通道、以及与所述混合腔以及所述出口流体连通的出口通道。
23.如权利要求22所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括分配腔,所述分配腔位于所述混合腔和所述出口之间。
24.如权利要求22所述的样本混合和转移装置,其特征在于,所述外壳还包括两个转向流动通道,所述转向流动通道位于所述入口通道和所述出口通道之间。
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CN111031915A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2020-04-17 | 贝克顿·迪金森公司 | 生物流体收集设备 |
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