CN204808275U - 压力感测装置 - Google Patents

压力感测装置 Download PDF

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CN204808275U
CN204808275U CN201520485065.XU CN201520485065U CN204808275U CN 204808275 U CN204808275 U CN 204808275U CN 201520485065 U CN201520485065 U CN 201520485065U CN 204808275 U CN204808275 U CN 204808275U
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pressure
sensing electrode
electrode layer
radial
wire
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陈文龙
江耀诚
谢燕俊
赖彬
林清山
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TPK Touch Solutions Xiamen Inc
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Abstract

本实用新型的提供一种压力感测装置，包括至少一个放射状感压电极，放射状感压电极具有复数个延伸部，该延伸部以该放射状感压电极的中心为原点，朝外呈现一放射状图案，该放射状的感压电极图案可以提高该压力感测装置的压力侦测灵敏度。

Description

压力感测装置
技术领域
本实用新型是有关于一种压力感测装置，且特别是有关于一种具有高灵敏度的压力感测装置。
背景技术
触控装置为日渐普遍的人机接口装置，当用户观察触控装置后方的屏幕中的文字或图形而触控对应位置时，触控装置会感测这些触控讯号，并传送到控制器进行处理，以产生对应位置的输出信号，常见的感测方式有电阻式、电容式、红外线式和超音波式等。
近年来，一种可用于侦测压力大小的压力感测装置，因提供给用户更多的使用体验而受到热捧。
日常用户用施力物体(电容笔或手指)作用于压力感测装置的正常施力大小为0～10N，为了准确侦测这一微小的压力变化，需要要求压力感测装置具有较高的灵敏度。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的一个目的在于提供具有高灵敏度的压力感测装置。
本实用新型的一实施方式中，压力感测装置是形成于一基板上，用以侦测一按压力道，其包括至少一个放射状感压电极，该放射状感压电极具有复数个延伸部，该延伸部以该放射状感压电极的中心为原点，朝外呈现一放射状图案，以提高该压力感测装置的一压力侦测灵敏度。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，放射状感压电极的大小为25mm2至225mm2。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，放射状感压电极是由一条导线迂回曲折而环绕成一放射状图案。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，至少一个放射状感压电极的数量为复数个，且是由至少一条导线迂回曲折环绕成复数个放射状图案，即至少有两个放射状图案是由一条导线迂回曲折环绕而成。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，导线的线宽范围为3～500um。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，导线应变计因子(gagefactor)大于0.5。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，导线为透明导线。
本实用新型的另一实施方式中，导线为不透明导线。
本实用新型特别设计感压电极的图案以增强压力感测装置的感测灵敏度。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型之一实施例的一触控装置的示意图。
图2A为一作用力作用于一物体表面而引起该物体形变的截图标意图。
图2B为一作用力作用于一物体表面而引起该物体形变的平面示意图。
图3A为本实用新型之一实施例的一压力感测电极层的示意图。
图3B为本实用新型之另一实施例的一压力感测电极层的示意图。
图3C为本实用新型之另一实施例的一压力感测电极层的示意图。
图4A～5C为本实用新型之一实施例的一触控装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细描述。
本实用新型于提供一种触控装置，其包括一保护盖板、一压力感测电极层以及设置于该保护盖板与该压力感测电极层之间的一平面触控感测电极层。详细说明请参考本案图示与对应说明。
图1为本实用新型之一实施例的一触控装置的示意图。保护盖板11材质较佳为一强化硬质板，例如硬质塑料、强化玻璃或是三氧化二铝，保护盖板11用以作为该触控装置的保护外盖，其上表面供使用者施以一触压动作。压力感测电极层13，设置于保护盖板11下方，用以侦测触压动作的按压力道。平面触控感测电极层12，设置于保护盖板11与压力感测电极层13之间，用以侦测触压动作的位置。在另一实施例中，更包括一绝缘介质(图上未绘出)，设置于平面触控感测电极层12与压力感测电极层13之间，以避免平面触控感测电极层12的图案电性影响压力感测电极层13图案的电性。
平面触控感测电极层12具有复数第一方向侦测电极(未显示)和复数第二方向侦测电极(未显示)。至少在第一及第二方向侦测电极交叉的位置需以一透明绝缘材料电性隔开，并且第一及第二方向侦测电极构成一平面感测图案。在一可能实施例中，第一及第二方向侦测电极系设置在同一基板的同一表面上，因此，平面触控感测电极层12可为一单层氧化铟锡(SingleITO；SITO)架构。
当使用者施加一触压动作于保护盖板11的上表面时，触压动作的位置将造成第一与第二方向侦测电极之间的电容容值变化。因此，藉由侦测平面触控感测电极层12的容值变化，便可推得触压动作的位置，也就是触压动作在X方向与Y方向的变化。
压力感测电极层13具有至少一感压电极(未显示)，当用户施加一触压动作于保护盖板11的上表面时，触压动作的力道将透过保护盖板11及平面触控感测电极层12，传导至压力感测电极层13，造成感压电极的图案变形，进而造成感压电极的阻值发生变化。触压动作的不同力道，会造感压电极的图案产生不同程度的变形，进而导致感压电极产生不同程度的阻值变化。因此，可藉由侦测压力感测电极层13的感压电极的阻值变化程度，便可推得触压动作的力道，也就是触压动作在Z方向的变化。
在此实施例中，平面触控感测电极层12，设置于保护盖板11与压力感测电极层13之间，即压力感测电极层13位于平面触控感测电极层12远离触压动作面(保护盖板)的下方。因执行触压动作一定是先触再压，平面触控感测电极层12相较于压力感测电极层13更靠近触压动作面，在触的动作产生之后就可以完成平面位置的侦测，而压的动作进一步产生时压力感测电极层13才会开始执行扫描，因而压力感测电极层13设置的位置及其侦测方式都不会对平面触控感测电极层12的信号产生影响。但因压力感测电极层13与触压动作面(保护盖板)之间至少还隔着一平面触控感测电极层12，因此必须考虑到压力传导的衰减，因此必需让压力感测电极层13对于压力的灵敏度提高。
请参考图2A及图2B物体受力后形变与作用力关系示意图，图2A为一作用力作用于一物体表面而引起该物体形变的截图标意图。图2B为一作用作用于一物体表面而引起该物体形变的平面示意图。从图上可观察到，施力处的中心，物体产生的形变最大，而往四周的形变逐渐小。从图2B来看，使用者施力作用于一物体表面的作用力是呈现从中心点往外呈放射状发散，力道会随着距离中心点的距离而衰减。
根据图2A与图2B的说明，本案提出的压力感测电极层13具有一种特殊的电极形状，使得使用者在压力感测电极层13触压所造成的形变能被有效的侦测出来。
图3A为本实用新型之一实施例的一压力感测电极层的示意图。在本实施例中，压力感测电极层13包括至少一个放射状感压电极21，每一个放射状感压电极21都是由一条透明导线迂回曲折而环绕成一放射状图案。即放射状感压电极21是由一透明导线，以放射状感压电极21的中心为原点，沿一放射方向延伸出一定长度后，又迂回往原点延伸，以形成一延伸部21a,如此往复多次形成复数个延伸部21a，则复数个延伸部21a是由以放射状感压电极21的中心为原点，朝四周呈现一放射状排布。
本实用新型利用一种会因为形变造成电阻变化的导线形成一特定形状的感测电极，使得因形变造成的电阻变化可被有效的侦测出。本实用新型之一实施例中,透明导线的线宽范围为3～500um。这种导线具有下述特性：
GF＝(ΔR/R)/(ΔL/L)
GF为应变计因子GageFactor，R为感测电极的初始电阻值，L为感测电极的导线总长度，ΔR为感测电极的电阻值变化量，ΔL感测电极的导线的长度变化量。
在GF、初始电阻值R以及电极的导线总长度L固定的情况下，为了让电阻变化ΔR能更有效的被侦测出，则需要让电极的导线的长度变化量ΔL越大越好。本实用新型一实施例提供的放射状感压电极21，感测电极的导线在中心处最密集，且导线由中心处向外呈现放射状排布，与作用力在平面方向上的传递方向一致，如此设计，可以让感测电极产生尽量大的形变ΔL，使得相应的电阻变化量ΔR足够被测量出，进而可以根据电阻的变化量判断对应的深度。简单来说，透过放射状电极21的设计，可以有效地提高压力感测电极层13的一压力侦测灵敏度。其中同一放射状感压电极21的延伸部21a的数量越多，不同放射状感压电极21之间排布得越密集，则对于使用者以手指或触控笔碰触触控装置时的压力感测越灵敏。
在本实施例中，利用透明导线的长度变化造成的电阻值的电阻变化的特性进行压力感测。透明应变计因子越大，对于使用者以手指或触控笔碰触触控装置时的压力感测越灵敏。在本实施例中，应变计因子必须大于0.5才能得到较佳的感测结果。
根据施力物体及作用力的大小，通常会在作用物体上产生不同程度的形变范围，以本实施例常用施力物体(电容笔或手指)以及正常施力大小(0～10N)而言，可以被感压电极有效侦测出的形变范围，大概会25mm2至225mm2的范围内。因而本实施例中的至少一个放射状感压电极21的大小为25mm2至225mm2，在一较佳实施例中，至少一个放射状感压电极21的大小为100mm2，以与一正常成人手指的作用范围相匹配。然习知技艺者当可根据施力物体和作用力大小不同而订定不同的感应范围。
图3A中压力感测电极层13包括至少一个个放射状感压电极21，且每一个放射状感压电极21分别是由单一导线所形成。而图3B与图3C分别为本实用新型之另一实施例的一压力感测电极层的示意图。图3B中，压力感测电极层13包括复数个放射状感压电极31，且复数个放射状感压电极31是由至少一条细长导线迂回曲折环绕成复数个放射状图案，即至少有两个放射状图案31是由一条细长导线迂回曲折环绕而成。与图3A相比，图3B中所需要侦测电阻变化的侦测电路大为减少，也可以减少对应于触控装置的所有侦测电路以及控制电路的电路布局面积。图3C中，压力感测电极层13包括复数个放射状感压电极41，且复数个放射状感压电极41是由一条细长导线迂回曲折环绕成复数个放射状图案，即所有放射状图案41是由一条细长导线迂回曲折环绕而成。与图3A、图3B相比，图3C中所需要侦测电阻变化的侦测电路为最少，能大幅减少对应于触控装置的所有侦测电路以及控制电路的电路布局面积。
虽然上述实施例是以压力感测电极层13位于平面触控感测电极层12远离触压动作面(保护盖板)的下方来进行描述。但本实用新型并不以此为限，可以明确的是采用本实用新型提供的上述放射状感压电极，可以提升压力感测电极层对于压力感测的灵敏度。即该具有放射状感压电极的压力感测电极层可以不与平面触控感测电极层共同存在，而单独压力感测装置用于侦测压力大小，且当该压力感测电极层的应用领域无可视性的要求时，导线也不限于透明材料。
图4A～4C为本实用新型之触控装置的其它内部示意图。在图4A中，触控装置包括一保护盖板11、一平面触控感测电极层12、一压力感测电极层13以及一绝缘平坦层14。在本实施例中，平面触控感测电极层12是直接设置于于保护盖板11之下表面，一绝缘平坦层14覆盖于平面触控感测电极层12之下表面，接着在绝缘平坦层14之下设置压力感测电极层13。由于平面触控感测电极层12与压力感测电极层13系设置于保护盖板11下方，二者仅以一绝缘平坦层14电性隔开，而无需其他基板，故可节省基板材料。
绝缘平坦层14系用以平坦化平面触控感测电极层12的图案，并提供电性绝缘功能，以避免平面触控感测电极层12与压力感测电极层13电性连接。在一可能实施例中，绝缘平坦层750A的材料系为聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)。
在图4B中，触控装置包括一保护盖板11、一平面触控感测电极层12、一压力感测电极层13，还包括一透明基板15。平面触控感测电极层12是直接设置于于保护盖板11之下表面。压力感测电极层13是直接设置于透明基板15之上。在一可能实施例中，平面触控感测电极层12与压力感测电极层13之间系以一光学胶相贴合。在一可能实施例中，透明基板15的材质为塑料薄膜、玻璃或三氧化二铝，在另一可能实施例中，透明基板15系为一显示面板，该显示面板可能具有液晶成分(Liquidcrystal)、有机发光二极管(OLED)或是电浆成分(Plasma)。
在图4C中，触控装置包括一保护盖板11、一平面触控感测电极层12、一压力感测电极层13，还包括一透明基板15。平面触控感测电极层12是直接设置于于保护盖板11之下表面。压力感测电极层13是直接设置于透明基板15之下。在一可能实施例中，平面触控感测电极层12与透明基板15之间系以一光学胶相贴合。
图5A～5C系为本实用新型之触控装置的其它内部示意图。如图5A所示，触控装置包括一保护盖板11、一平面触控感测电极层12、一压力感测电极层13以及一显示面板16，其中压力感测电极层13是整合于显示面板16之中。在一些实施例中，平面触控感测电极层12是直接设置于保护盖板11之下表面，平面触控感测电极层12与显示面板16之间系以一光学胶相贴合。本实用新型并不限定显示面板16的种类，其可能具有液晶成分(Liquidcrystal)、有机发光二极管(OLED)或是电浆成分(Plasma)。
为方便说明，以下将以液晶显示面板为例，如图5A所示，显示面板16自上而下包括一上偏光板(TopPolarizer)161、一上基板162、彩色滤光片163、一液晶层164、一驱动层165以及一下基板166。上偏光板(TopPolarizer)161是设置于上基板162之上，彩色滤光片163设置在上基板162之下，彩色滤光片163具有许多彩色滤波器(colorfilter)。驱动层165设置于下基板166之上，驱动层165具有许多薄膜晶体管(TFT)。液晶层164设置在彩色滤光片163与驱动层165之间。
在图5A中压力感测电极层13是直接设置于上偏光板161之上表面。平面触控感测电极层12与压力感测电极层13之间系以一光学胶相贴合。
图5B大致与图5A结构相同，差异之处在于在图5B中，压力感测电极层13是设置于上偏光板161与上基板162之间。
图5C相似图5A，不同之处在于，图5C的压力感测电极层13是设置于上基板162与彩色滤光片163之间。在其它实施例中，压力感测电极层13还可能位于于彩色滤光片163与液晶层164之间，或液晶层164与驱动层165之间，或驱动层165与下基板166之间，或下基板166之下表面。
如前所述的触控装置的实施例中，压力感测电极层离使用者的操作面(也就是保护盖板的上方)较远，因此压力感测电极层在侦测使用者触控时产生的压力变化可能比较不灵敏。为了提高压力感测电极层的灵敏度，本实用新型提供了具有放射状感压电极图案的压力感测电极层的复数个实施例。图3A～3C的压力感测电极层都可以应用到图4A～4C、图5A～5C的触控装置中。
惟以上所述者，仅为本实用新型之较佳实施例而已，当不能以此限定本实用新型实施之范围，即大凡依本实用新型申请专利范围及发明说明内容所作之简单的等效变化与修饰，皆仍属本实用新型专利涵盖之范围内。另外本实用新型的任一实施例或申请专利范围不须达成本实用新型所揭露之全部目的或优点或特点。此外，摘要部分和标题仅是用来辅助专利文件搜寻之用，并非用来限制本实用新型之权利范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种压力感测装置，形成于一基板上，用以侦测一按压力道，其特征在于，包括至少一个放射状感压电极，该放射状感压电极具有复数个延伸部，该延伸部以该放射状感压电极的中心为原点，朝外呈现一放射状图案，以提高该压力感测装置的一压力侦测灵敏度。
2.如权利要求1所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该放射状感压电极的大小为25mm2至225mm2。
3.如权利要求1所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该放射状感压电极是由一条导线迂回曲折而环绕成一放射状图案。
4.如权利要求1所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该至少一个放射状感压电极的数量为复数个，且是由至少一条导线迂回曲折环绕成复数个放射状图案，即至少有两个放射状图案是由一条导线迂回曲折环绕而成。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该导线的线宽范围为3～500um。
6.如权利要求3或4所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该导线应变计因子(gagefactor)大于0.5。
7.如权利要求3或4所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该导线为透明导线。
8.如权利要求3或4所述的压力感测装置，其特征在于，该导线为不透明导线。
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