CN205193777U - 压力感应图案层及其压力感测输入装置 - Google Patents

压力感应图案层及其压力感测输入装置 Download PDF

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CN205193777U
CN205193777U CN201520499155.4U CN201520499155U CN205193777U CN 205193777 U CN205193777 U CN 205193777U CN 201520499155 U CN201520499155 U CN 201520499155U CN 205193777 U CN205193777 U CN 205193777U
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pressure
sensing electrode
sensing
patterned layer
pressure sensitive
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陈风
叶坤雄
邱小丽
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TPK Touch Solutions Xiamen Inc
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及触控技术领域,尤其涉及一种压力感应图案层和具有该压力感应图案层的压力感测输入装置。压力感应图案层形成在一基板上,所述压力感应图案层包括复数个压力感测电极,所述的压力感测电极包括复数凸出部,所述的复数凸出部由同一条透明导电线路弯折排列形成;所述的压力感测电极通过一第一导线和一第二导线导通连接到一惠斯通电桥电路,所述压力感测电极的电阻构成惠斯通电桥电路的其中一元素,被触压后所述压力感测电极产生的阻值变化量通过惠斯通电桥电路检测出。

Description

压力感应图案层及其压力感测输入装置
【技术领域】
本实用新型涉及触控技术领域,尤其涉及一种压力感应图案层和具有该压力感应图案层的压力感测输入装置。
【背景技术】
随着触摸屏技术的不断发展,多功能的触控面板越来越受到人们的欢迎。比较突出的是同时具有触摸感应和压力感应的触摸面板产品,能带来较好的用户体验度。由于具有压力感测功能,所以触摸面板内部需要布设压力传感器,通常的技术是在电容触摸屏、电阻触摸屏等产品的非显示区域设置压力传感器,如在触摸屏的四个角落设置四个压力传感器,但该设计一般只能检测一个点的压力大小。压力触摸面板还受到压力感测精确度的制约,有些结构的压力触摸面板需要用较大力度才能触发对应的压力感应部件,用户体验度很低,而且容易造成产品的损坏。
现有的非显示区域的压力传感器的电阻式压力感测图案采用金属线简单地弯折形成,金属线的两端分别作为信号输入端及信号输出端,然而该压力感测图案受压的形变量不大,当压力较小时,不易检测到因压力感测图案形变而引起的电阻变化,不适用于高精密度需求的压力感测用途。且金属材质压力感测图案不透明,无法应用于显示区域。怎样的压力感测电极的设置能够带来较好的感测效果且能应用于与显示区域是本领域技术人员关注的问题。
【实用新型内容】
为克服现有技术触控面板感测压力的能力较差、只能检测单点压力且无法应用于显示区域的问题,本实用新型提供一种能解决上述问题的压力感应图案层及其压力感测输入装置。
本实用新型解决技术问题的方案是提供一种压力感应图案层,所述的压力感应图案层形成在一基板上,所述压力感应图案层包括复数个压力感测电极,所述的压力感测电极包括复数凸出部,所述的复数凸出部由同一条透明导电线路弯折排列形成;所述的压力感测电极通过一第一导线和一第二导线导通连接到一惠斯通电桥电路,所述压力感测电极的电阻构成惠斯通电桥电路的其中一元素,被触压后所述压力感测电极产生的阻值变化量通过惠斯通电桥电路检测出。
优选地,所述每个压力感测电极的凸出部至少沿两个方向上凸出。
优选地,所述的复数凸出部呈轴对称分布。
优选地,所述的凸出部为梳状、锯齿状、放射状或其组合。
优选地,所述复数个压力感测电极以均匀对称方式阵列排布或十字型排布或米字型排布。
优选地,压力感测电极的线宽为10-400μm。
优选地,该压力感测电极的材料为ITO,掺银ITO,纳米银线,石墨烯,纳米金属网格,碳纳米管之任意一种或其组合。
优选地,所述的第一导线及第二导线的材料为透明的ITO、纳米银线、纳米铜线、纳米金属网格、石墨烯、聚苯胺、PEDOT或碳纳米管之一种或其组合。
一种压力感测输入装置,包括盖板,包括第一表面和第二表面,第一表面和第二表面相对设置,所述第一表面供使用者施加一触压动作,一基板和一位于盖板和基板之间的压力感应图案层。
优选地,所述压力感测输入装置进一步包括一异于压力感应图案层所处层面的触控感应层,所述压力感应图案层与触控感应层相互绝缘设置。
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的压力感应图案层的多个压力感测电极均包括多个压力感测电极凸出部,该多个压力感测电极凸出部由一条透明的导线弯折而成,并由一电极连接线连接到惠斯通电桥电路,压力感测电极的电阻变化通过惠斯通电桥电路检测,压力检测效果更好,精密度更高。
每一压力感测电极的多个压力感测电极凸出部选择以轴对称的方式进行分布,使得触压之后压力感测电极的阻值变化更大,更均匀,更易被监测到。如果不以对称的方式布局,很有可能当触压位置为凸出部分布比较稀疏的区域时,会出现检测的触压信号较弱或无法检测到触压信号。
在压力感测电极的排布选择以均匀对称的阵列方式,凸出部的形状选择为梳状、锯齿状、放射状等其他曲线弯折形状,以及压力感测电极线宽和大小的选择,均是为了提高压力感测电极阻值变化的强度,为了更容易检测到信号更强的阻值变化而设计的。压力感测电极的突出部采用透明导电线路弯折排列形成,可应用于显示区域而不影响显示视觉效果。
具有上述压力感应图案层的压力感测输入装置,不管触控感应层是DITO(双层氧化铟锡)结构还是SITO(单层氧化铟锡)结构,甚至Non-cross结构,均具有上述的有益效果。
具有上述压力感应图案层的压力感测输入显示装置,不管触控感应层所在叠层是In-Cell结构还是On-Cell结构,也均具有上述的有益效果。
【附图说明】
图1是本实用新型压力感应图案层第一实施例的正视示意图。
图2是本实用新型压力感应图案层第一实施例中惠斯通电桥电路的结构示意图。
图3是本实用新型压力感应图案层第二实施例的正视示意图。
图4是本实用新型压力感应图案层第三实施例的正视示意图。
图5是本实用新型压力感应图案层第四实施例的正视示意图。
图6是本实用新型压力感应图案层第五实施例的正视示意图。
图7是本实用新型第六实施例压力感测输入装置的爆炸结构示意图。
图8是本实用新型第六实施例压力感测输入装置之电极层的正视示意图。
图9是本实用新型第七实施例压力感测输入装置的爆炸结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了使本实用新型的目的,技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施实例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本实用新型,并不用于限定本实用新型。
请参阅图1,本实用新型压力感应图案层131第一实施例中包括平行排列的多条压力感测电极1315,此处以三条压力感测电极1315进行如下说明。每一压力感测电极1315包括多个压力感测电极凸出部13151,压力感测电极1315呈均匀曲线造型且压力感测电极1315中的各压力感测电极凸出部13151之间的间距相等。每一压力感测电极1315均是通过一条透明的导电线路弯折排列而成,形成一梳状图形,每一弯折处形成压力感测电极凸出部13151。所述的每一条压力感测电极1315的多个压力感测电极凸出部13151分别沿X轴方向延伸,并在Y轴方向重复排列,且每一条压力感测电极1315沿X轴方向的对称轴150呈轴对称分布。各压力感测电极1315包括第一端部13153和与第一端部相对的第二端部13155。
压力感应图案层131的所有压力感测电极1315均需连接至一电路系统18,对压力感测电极1315所检测的触压信号进行处理。所述的电路系统18包括电极连接线181,FPC(FlexiblePrintedCircuitboard,柔性印刷电路板)183,压力感测芯片185,压力感测芯片185包括一惠斯通电桥电路1851,电极连接线181分为复数条第一导线1811和第二导线1813,各第一导线1811的一端连接FPC183,另一端连接压力感测电极1315的第一端部13153,同理,各第二导线1813的一端连接FPC183,另一端连接压力感测电极1315的第二端部13155。第一导线1811、第二导线1813与压力感测电极1315连接,再通过FPC183连接至惠斯通电桥电路1851。电极连接线181的材料不局限为ITO(氧化铟锡),还可以为透明的纳米银线,纳米铜线,金属网格,石墨烯,聚苯胺,PEDOT(聚噻吩的衍生物聚乙撑二氧噻吩),碳纳米管等任一种或其组合。
请参阅图2,所述的惠斯通电桥电路1851可以检测出压力感测电极1315的阻值的改变。当压力感应电极1315产生阻值的变化之后,惠斯通电桥电路1851中的辅助电阻Ra18511、Rb18515、Rco18513和压力感测电极1315的阻值串并联检测阻值的改变,电阻值的改变引发的电信号的改变传输至压力感测芯片185。图中△R即为压力感测电极1315的电阻,由于压力感测电极1315在受触压之后的阻值变化较小,为了便于后续信号的分析处理,此处以惠斯通电桥电路1851检测出压力感测电极1315阻值变化量后,由压力感测芯片185的其他模块电路做信号放大等处理。
压力感应图案层131实现压力感测的功能主要是根据外部施压后压力感测电极1315发生形变产生电阻值的改变,由于压力感测电极1315通过电极连接线181连接压力感测芯片185,压力感测电极1315的电阻值变化会直接通过FPC183传达到压力感测芯片185,从而实现对压力的感测功能。一般情况下,压力感测电极1315的形变和阻值的改变有以下公式:
GF=(△R/R)/(△L/L),GF为应变计因子,R为压力感测电极1315的初始电阻值,L为压力感测电极1315的初始总长度,△R为压力感测电极1315的电阻值变化量,△L为压力感测电极1315的总长度变化量,GF、R和L的数值固定不变的情形下,压力感测电极1315的长度变化量△L越大,电阻的变化△R能更好的被检测出,为得到较佳的感测效果,GF的值必须大于0.5。
为了在触压之后,该压力感测电极1315能够产生较大的阻值变化量,压力感测电极1315的线宽一般取值为10-400μm。由于压力感应图案层131较多的取为矩形的平面,在该平面内,压力感测电极1315的投影面积约占压力感应图案层131表面面积的1%—20%,具体到产品中,一般取值为36mm2—196mm2,且通常情况下,压力感测电极1315的线宽为10~400μm。
该压力感测电极1315的材料选取为ITO,掺银ITO,纳米银线,石墨烯,纳米金属网格,碳纳米管之任意一种或其组合。由于ITO有负的电阻温度系数(温度升高,电阻率减小),在室温下测得ITO电阻温度系数-650ppm/℃,而Ag和大多数金属,有着大的正电阻温度系数,室温下3800ppm/℃,当Ag掺杂量为25at%,即能获得室温下最优压阻性能,其电阻温度系数在300-600℃时为130ppm/℃,约为未掺杂的1/5,故采用掺银ITO能有效的解决温度对ITO阻值变化的噪声影响。
请参阅图3,本实用新型第二实施例的压力感应图案层231包括多条压力感测电极2315且各压力感测电极2315的排布方式为“十字型”排布。各压力感测电极2315为一条透明的导线曲线弯折呈以Y方向的对称轴250呈左右对称的锯齿状。所述的锯齿状时有多个三角形的弯折沿Y轴并行排列形成。从图示来看,该压力感测电极2315包括多个压力感测电极直边部23151和压力感测电极斜边部23153,所述的折边部23151和斜边部23153构成压力感测电极的凸出部,各压力感测电极直边部23151之间间距相等且走向大小也相等,各压力感测电极斜边部23153之间同样具有相同的走向和宽度。压力感测电极2315的复数凸出部沿对称轴250左边及右边两个方向水平弯折凸出,沿Y方向重复排列,整体呈左右对称分布且两端分别通过第一导线2811和第二导线2813连接FPC283。
请参阅图4,本实用新型第三实施例的压力感应图案层331包括多条压力感测电极3315,此处以三个沿Y方向平行设置的压力感测电极3315进行如下说明。每两个压力感测电极3315的间距相等。此实施例中压力感测电极3315为两个“王”字型半部相互拼接形成,以Y方向的对称轴350呈对称分布。每一个“王”字型半部包括多个压力感测电极凸出部33151,压力感测电极凸出部33151的凸出方式相同,尺寸相等,构成一均匀的“王”字型图案且可以通过Y方向的对称轴360实现左右对称。所述凸出部33151沿对称轴360的左边和右边两个方向水平向外凸出。
请参阅图5,本实用新型第四实施例的压力感应图案层431包括多条压力感测电极4315且各压力感测电极4315的排布方式为“米字型”排布,此处仅以一条压力感测电极4315进行如下说明。该压力感测电极4315通过一条透明的导电线路弯折排列而成,弯折之后形成多个沿对称轴460左边和右边两个方向凸出的凸出部43153和多个沿对称轴450上边和下边两个方向凸出的凸出部43151,即该压力感测电极4315的包括沿四个方向凸出的凸出部(43151,43153)。从图形形状来看,所述压力感应图案层431分别以X方向的对称轴450上下对称,以Y方向的对称轴460左右对称。
请参阅图6,本实用新型第五实施例压力感应图案层531包括多条压力感测电极5315,此处以九个以3×3阵列布局的压力感测电极5315进行如下说明。该三行压力感测电极5315以Y轴方向等间距排列,该三列压力感测电极5315也以X轴方向等间距排列。每一行的三个压力感测电极5315彼此独立,各自通过一第一导线5811和第二导线5813连接至FPC583。
所述的每一压力感测电极5315为放射状造型,沿多个方向延伸,各压力感测电极5315包括一压力感测电极中心部分53151和多个压力感测电极凸出部53153,多个压力感测电极凸出部53153之间间隔均匀且都以压力感测电极中心部分53153为中心向外凸出相等的距离,由于使用者施加的压力反应到压力面上时,作用力在中心处力量最大,向外发散且力量递减,此种压力感测电极5315图案的设计可以刚好符合作用力作用在电极上的受力图的分布方式,更加有利于压力感测电极5315在受力形变后产生形变的灵敏度,提高感测的精确度。该每一放射状的压力感测电极5315以Y方向的对称轴550呈轴对称分布。
请参阅图7,本实用新型第六实施例压力感测输入装置6包括保护盖板61,电极层63和基板65,保护盖板61具有一第一表面和一第二表面,且第一表面和第二表面相对设置,第一表面供使用者给于按压动作。电极层63设置在保护盖板61和基板65之间,电极层63中形成有压力感测电极图案层631,该压力感测图案层631可以为上述实施例所述的任何一种。
保护盖板61的材质可为硬质塑料、强化玻璃、蓝宝石玻璃等强化硬质板。基板65可以是刚性基材,如玻璃,强化玻璃,蓝宝石玻璃等;也可以是柔性基材,如PEEK(polyetheretherketone聚醚醚酮),PI(Polyimide聚酰亚胺),PET(polyethyleneterephthalate聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯),PC(聚碳酸酯聚碳酸酯),PES(聚丁二酸乙二醇酯,PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethylmethacrylate)及其任意两者的复合物等材料。
请参阅图8,电极层63上还设置有多个触摸感测电极图案层633,各触摸感测电极图案层633包括第一触摸感测电极6311、第二触摸感测电极6313,各压力感测电极图案631包括多个压力感测电极6315,所述的压力感测电极6315采用第一实施例中压力感测电极1315。第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313形成在基板65的非压力感测区(未标号),压力感测电极6315形成在基板65的压力感测区(未标号)。压力感测区与非压力感测区采用互补设计,即压力感测区与非压力感测区的面积之和为导电层的面积。
第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313分别包括多个沿X方向延伸的第一触摸感测电极凸出部63111和第二触摸感测电极凸出部63131,单个电极单元633中的第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313彼此交错互补,第一触摸感测电极凸出部63111和第二触摸感测电极凸出部63131间隔设置,形成互补的图形。
设置在压力感测区中的压力感测电极6315曲线设置在第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313交错互补后形成的间隙中(即压力感测区),压力感测电极6315与第一触摸感测电极6311、第二触摸感测电极6313彼此不接触,避免影响压力大小检测与触摸位置检测功能。曲线造型的压力感测电极6315分布可以大大提高其感应外界压力及形变能力,进而提高精确度,为了取得足够的空间布设压力感测电极6315及取得较大的电阻变化,生产过程中可以将第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313的线宽适度缩小并且控制压力感测电极6315的线宽小于第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313的线宽。第一触摸感测电极凸出部63111和第二触摸感测电极凸出部63131的数量不限。
压力感测区与非压力感测区采用互补设计,且非压力感测区内的第一触摸感测电极6311和第二触摸感测电极6313也为互补设计,如此可以在电极层63的同一表面上,第一触摸感测电极6311、第二触摸感测电极6313及压力感测电极6315构成交叉不重叠(Non-cross)的图案设计。
请参阅图9,本实用新型第七实施例压力感测输入显示装置7自上往下依次包括保护盖板71,压力感测电极层711,绝缘层712,第一触摸感测电极层731,基板73,第二触摸感测电极层733及显示面板77。基板75位于第一触摸感测电极层731和第二触摸感测电极层733之间,压力感测电极层711位于保护盖板71和绝缘层712之间。绝缘层712的设置可以避免触摸感测和压力感测之间电导通。本实用新型不限定显示面板77的种类,其可能具有液晶成分(liquidcrystal)、有机发光二极管(OLED)或是电浆成分(plasma)。
为方便说明,以下将以液晶显示面板为例,显示面板77自上而下包括一上偏光板(TopPolarizer)771、一上基板772、彩色滤光片773、一液晶层774、一驱动层775以及一下基板776。上偏光板(TopPolarizer)771是设置于上基板772之上,彩色滤光片773设置在上基板772之下,彩色滤光片773具有许多彩色滤波器(colorfilter)。驱动层775设置于下基板776之上,驱动层775具有许多薄膜晶体管(TFT)。液晶层774设置在彩色滤光片773与驱动层775之间。
所述的第一触摸感测电极层731或压力感测电极层711或第二触摸感测电极层733也可以直接成形在上偏光板771上表面上,不再需要基板73,亦或者成形在彩色滤光片773与液晶层774之间,上偏光板771与上基板772之间,液晶层774与驱动层775之间,驱动层775与下基板776之间,下基板776之下表面。
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的压力感应图案层131的多个压力感测电极1315均包括多个压力感测电极凸出部13151,该多个压力感测电极凸出部13151由一条透明的导电线路弯折排列而成,并由一电极连接线181连接到惠斯通电桥电路1851,压力感测电极1315的电阻变化通过惠斯通电桥电路1851检测。
每一压力感测电极1315的多个压力感测电极凸出部13151选择以轴对称的方式进行分布,使得触压之后压力感测电极的阻值变化更大,更均匀,更易被监测到。如果不以对称的方式布局,很有可能当触压位置为凸出部分布比较稀疏的区域时,会出现检测的触压信号较弱或无法检测到触压信号。
在压力感测电极1315的排布选择以均匀对称的阵列方式,凸出部的形状选择为梳状、锯齿状、放射状等其他曲线弯折形状,以及压力感测电极1315线宽和大小的选择,均是为了提高压力感测电极1315阻值变化的强度,为了更容易检测到信号更强的阻值变化而设计的。
具有上述压力感应图案层的压力感测输入装置,不管触控感应层是DITO(双层氧化铟锡)结构还是SITO(单层氧化铟锡)结构,甚至Non-cross结构,均具有上述的有益效果。
具有上述压力感应图案层的压力感测输入显示装置,不管触控感应层所在叠层是In-Cell结构还是On-Cell结构,也均具有上述的有益效果。
以上所述仅为本实用新型较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本实用新型,凡在本实用新型原则之内所作的任何修改,等同替换和改进等均应包含本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种压力感应图案层,所述的压力感应图案层形成在一基板上,所述压力感应图案层包括复数个压力感测电极,其特征在于:
所述的压力感测电极包括复数凸出部,所述的复数凸出部由同一条透明导电线路弯折排列形成;
所述的压力感测电极通过一第一导线和一第二导线导通连接到一惠斯通电桥电路,所述压力感测电极的电阻构成惠斯通电桥电路的其中一元素,被触压后所述压力感测电极产生的阻值变化量通过惠斯通电桥电路检测出。
2.如权利要求1所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:所述每个压力感测电极的凸出部至少沿两个方向凸出。
3.如权利要求1所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:所述的复数凸出部呈轴对称分布。
4.如权利要求1所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:所述的凸出部为梳状、锯齿状、放射状或其组合。
5.如权利要求1所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:所述复数个压力感测电极以均匀对称方式阵列排布或十字型排布或米字型排布。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:压力感测电极的线宽为10-400μm。
7.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:该压力感测电极的材料为ITO,掺银ITO,纳米银线,石墨烯,纳米金属网格,碳纳米管之任意一种或其组合。
8.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的压力感应图案层,其特征在于:所述的第一导线及第二导线的材料为透明的ITO、纳米银线、纳米铜线、纳米金属网格、石墨烯、聚苯胺、PEDOT或碳纳米管之一种或其组合。
9.一种压力感测输入装置,其特征在于,包括:
一盖板,包括第一表面和第二表面,第一表面和第二表面相对设置,所述第一表面供使用者施加一触压动作;
一基板和一位于盖板和基板之间的如权利要求1-8任一项所述的压力感应图案层。
10.如权利要求9所述的压力感测输入装置,其特征在于:进一步包括一异于压力感应图案层所处层面的触控感应层,压力感应图案层与触控感应层相互绝缘设置。
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