CN1875679A - Wide-row double-bud transverse full-film mulching cultivation method for sugarcane - Google Patents
Wide-row double-bud transverse full-film mulching cultivation method for sugarcane Download PDFInfo
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- CN1875679A CN1875679A CN 200610011017 CN200610011017A CN1875679A CN 1875679 A CN1875679 A CN 1875679A CN 200610011017 CN200610011017 CN 200610011017 CN 200610011017 A CN200610011017 A CN 200610011017A CN 1875679 A CN1875679 A CN 1875679A
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a wide-row double-bud transverse full-film mulching cultivation method for sugarcane, which mainly comprises the following steps: ditching on the cultivated land; cutting the sugarcane seeds into short sections, wherein each section comprises a section with buds, and transversely placing the short sections at the bottom of the ditch to form a ladder shape; covering the sugarcane seeds with soil, watering, and covering with a plastic film; and after the sugarcane seedlings are grown out completely, removing the film in time. The invention changes the traditional vertical long-strip cultivation into horizontal short-section cultivation, and simultaneously expands the row spacing from 70cm to 140-150 cm, and combines the existing plastic film mulching technology. The cultivation technique has the advantages of uniform nutrient among buds, no nutrient robbing of the buds and the root buds, no bad buds or blind buds, capability of ensuring uniform and strong emergence of seedlings, reduction of seed consumption and production cost, suitability for large-scale mechanized planting, fertilization, pest control and harvesting, high effect, great benefit and contribution to popularization.
Description
Technical field the invention belongs to a kind of novel cane planting method, and the wide capable double-bud horizontally of sugarcane is planted the full-film mulching and planting method.
The background technology sugarcane is a kind of high-energy tropical crop, adopts conventional cultivation breeding sowing quantity big, and per hectare is used and planted up to 12-15 ten thousand buds, the reproductive-cost height, and benefit is low, and speed is slow, and the breeding that has had a strong impact on Sugarcane Superior Variety is promoted.Someone is by the improvement mode of sowing, and changing promptly that two bud duplicate rows sow is the light seeding of simple bud single file and two bud single file light seedings, and the per hectare amount of sowing drops to 6-7.5 ten thousand buds by 12-15 ten thousand buds, and hectare is saved with kind of 6-7.5 ten thousand buds, and the conventional breeding of breeding rate is turned over above.Covering with plastic film also is one of current sugarcane high yield and high sugar cultivation major technique measure.By plastic film mulching cultivation, play heat, water conservation, guarantor are fertile and the effect that keeps soil good physical proterties, sprout thereby accelerate sugarcane, reach that seedling is complete, seedling is strengthened, it is many to tiller, the growth is vigorous, productive tiller purpose how.But the cultivation method of existing sugarcane still lacks extensive, mechanized farming, high yield saving, the efficient technology of being fit to.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of novel cultivation of sugar cane method, make the sugarcane sowing quantity still less, output is higher, be fit to that mechanization is cultivated, weeding, fertilising and harvesting, to solve deficiency of the prior art.
The wide capable double-bud horizontally of this sugarcane that the present invention proposes is planted the full-film mulching and planting method, it is characterized in that it has the following steps:
(1) on the good soil of farming, ditches;
(2) the sugarcane kind is broken apart by chopping become short section, every section all contains the joint of being with bud, and the section of weak point traverse is become the ladder shape in bottom of trench;
(3) will go up step sugarcane kind with soil covers, waters, covers with plastic film;
(4) treat that the sugarcane seedling all sprouts after, in time throw off film.
Sugarcane ground tilth 30-45cm, trench digging degree of depth 25-35cm, line space, promptly the distance between two parallel ditches is 140-150cm.
Base fertilizer in the sugarcane ditch can discharge earlier, also can discharge after setting the sugarcane kind.
Base fertilizer is spread in the sugarcane ditch by every mu of urea 8-18 kilogram, general calcium 80-120 kilogram, potassium sulphate 5-9 kilogram, and is good in the sugarcane ditch with base fertilizer for 7 kilograms by 14 kilograms in every mu of urea, 100 kilograms of general calcium, potassium sulphate.Wherein there are 1000 mu of strictnesses to be undertaken in 2000 mu of sugarcane ground by the assembly of the best.
Sugarcane kind spacing in the rows, the parallel distance between just per two sections is 8-12cm, every segment has 2-3 joint, throws bud 8000-9500 for average every mu.Manually during the section of cutting, run into blind bud, dead bud, bad bud and promptly be not taken in the sugarcane kind, pick in passing.
It is that 3-4cm loosens the soil that the sugarcane kind is covered thickness, and then overflows water and irrigate, to be advisable with irritating sugarcane.Simultaneously, selecting for use show to go out clean waits weed killer herbicide 100-130g to convert 60 kilograms in water by its specification requirement sugarcane ground to be sprayed to prevent and treat weed growth.
Select for use 4 meters wide mulch films (5) that monoblock sugarcane ground is carried out full film and cover, the mulch film close proximity to ground, the both sides compacting, stuffy ventilative.
The sugarcane seedling is grown together substantially, and all films are thrown off.
Promote sugarcane production when sugarcane production sprays foliage fertilizer required nutrient when replenishing sugarcane production during to the 30cm left and right sides, foliage fertilizer is that urea and little fertilizer are converted water and carried out, and every mu of consumption is urea 100g.
Sugarcane intertillage fertilising ridging when the sugarcane seedling grows into 50-100cm, adopts intertillage fertilising banking machine to intertill the fertilising ridging, and ridging is full, highly is 20-25cm, executes the requirement of urea 30-50 kilogram for every mu and carries out.
After this according to the growing way and the sick parasitosis situation in different plot, arrange according to a conventional method.Specifically: when aphid occurring in the process of growth, select for use agricultural chemicals such as " Aphoxs " to carry out machinery and spray; Execute and attack stem fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, irrigates immediately after applying.Execute strong tail fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, in time pours water then.Be mechanical harvesting at last, adopt the sugarcane swather to carry out operation, should note during operation the sugarcane stubble is cut only, in order to avoid mulch film is exposed during 1 year shop film, cut that should in time to adopt after the receipts sugarcane subsoiler to carry out sugarcane ground dark loose, with the sugarcane production of promotion perennial root.
Technique effect of the present invention shows as: (1) manually breaks apart by chopping into joint with the sugarcane kind, and every joint two buds make between bud nutrient even, avoids that bud and radical bud are grabbed nutrient slightly.Just bad bud, blind bud can be rejected when manually cutting bud simultaneously, all quantity of even productive tiller has guaranteed to emerge; (2) the full film of sugarcane covers and can reduce the soil bare area, effectively reduces the speed of moisture loss in the film, improves temperature in the shed, guarantees the basic condition that sugarcane germinates, and promotes sugarcane to germinate; (3) because the present invention plants line-spacing increasing is significantly arranged compared to prior art, the illumination that has guaranteed the sugarcane middle and later periods is abundant, ventilating air permeability is good, help sugarcane and carry out photosynthesis, and after line-spacing enlarges, the sugarcane Work machine can free in and out, and can give full play to the effect that machinery is saved synergy; (4) physical behavior that can improve the soil of dark pine improves the gas permeability and the ability of retaining and conserveing soil moisture of soil, promotes the sugarcane root growth, strengthen the drought resisting lodging tolerance, and the sugarcane that grows is sturdy, helps volume increase.
Appended drawings 1 is a cane planting mode front view of the present invention (cross section).
Accompanying drawing 2 is vertical views when earthing (not state) of accompanying drawing 3.
Accompanying drawing 3 is existing cane planting mode front views (cross section).
Accompanying drawing 4 is figure figure that bow when earthing (not state) of accompanying drawing 1.
Among the accompanying drawing 1-4, the label of each part is as follows:
1-is agric not; 2-chiselling layer; 3-is agric; 4-sugarcane kind; The 5-film.
Embodiment
Shown in accompanying drawing 1-2.Turn over facility such as tractors by above-mentioned requirements in 2000 mu of consumption ground that will be positioned at Mengzi, Yunnan sugarcane soil in advance.Tilth 30-45cm, trench digging degree of depth 25-35cm, bottom of trench does between layer (1) chiselling layer (a 2) line space is not arranged to consumption, and promptly the distance between two parallel ditches is 140-150cm.This width is equivalent to the twice of existing method.
Base fertilizer is spread in the sugarcane ditch by every mu of urea 8-18 kilogram, general calcium 80-120 kilogram, potassium sulphate 5-9 kilogram, and is good in the sugarcane ditch with base fertilizer for 7 kilograms by 14 kilograms in every mu of urea, 100 kilograms of general calcium, potassium sulphate.Wherein there are 1000 mu of strictnesses to be undertaken in 2000 mu of sugarcane ground by the assembly of the best.The result shows that the output of sugarcane is higher than other 1000 mu about 3%.
Sugarcane kind (4) spacing in the rows, the parallel distance between just per two sections is 8-12cm, every segment has 2-3 joint, throws bud 8000-9500 for average every mu.Manually during the section of cutting, run into blind bud, dead bud, bad bud and promptly be not taken in the sugarcane kind, pick in passing.By above-mentioned requirements yaw sugarcane kind, execute base fertilizer (front is stated, and base fertilizer can discharge in advance, and effect is the same).Get final product earthing, it is that 3-4cm loosens the soil that the sugarcane kind is covered thickness, and then overflows water and irrigate, to be advisable with irritating sugarcane.Simultaneously, selecting for use show to go out clean waits weed killer herbicide 100-130g to convert 60 kilograms in water by its specification requirement sugarcane ground to be sprayed to prevent and treat weed growth.Select for use 4 meters wide mulch films (5) that monoblock sugarcane ground is carried out full film at last and cover, the mulch film close proximity to ground, the both sides compacting, stuffy ventilative.After about 2 months, the sugarcane seedling is grown together substantially, and all films are thrown off.All the other do not address label as above.
Promote sugarcane production when sugarcane production sprays foliage fertilizer required nutrient when replenishing sugarcane production during to the 30cm left and right sides, foliage fertilizer is that urea and little fertilizer are converted water and carried out, and every mu of consumption is urea 100g.
Sugarcane intertillage fertilising ridging when the sugarcane seedling grows into 50-100cm, adopts intertillage fertilising banking machine to intertill the fertilising ridging, and ridging highly is 20-25cm by full, executes the requirement of urea 30-50 kilogram for every mu and carries out.After this according to the growing way and the sick parasitosis situation in different plot, arrange according to a conventional method.Specifically: when aphid occurring in the process of growth, select for use agricultural chemicals such as " Aphoxs " to carry out machinery and spray; Execute and attack stem fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, irrigates immediately after applying.Execute strong tail fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, in time pours water then.Be mechanical harvesting at last, adopt the sugarcane swather to carry out operation, should note during operation the sugarcane stubble is cut only, in order to avoid mulch film is exposed during 1 year shop film, cut that should in time to adopt after the receipts sugarcane subsoiler to carry out sugarcane ground dark loose, with the sugarcane production of promotion perennial root.
Through comparative trial confirmation for many years, method of the present invention has tangible effect of increasing production, and average yield per mu can improve more than 1 ton.This technology is tested more than 3000 mu in Yunnan Jian Shui, Mengzi at present, presses season survey product data according to the 2005-2006 sugarcane and shows that average per unit area yield has reached more than 7 tons.
Claims (9)
1, the wide capable double-bud horizontally of a kind of sugarcane is planted the full-film mulching and planting method, it is characterized in that it has the following steps:
(1) on the good soil of farming, ditches;
(2) the sugarcane kind is broken apart by chopping become short section, every section all contains the joint of being with bud, and the section of weak point traverse is become the ladder shape in bottom of trench;
(3) will go up step sugarcane kind with soil covers, waters, covers with plastic film;
(4) treat that the sugarcane seedling all sprouts after, in time throw off film.
2, cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that sugarcane ground tilth 30-45cm, trench digging degree of depth 25-35cm, and line space is 140-150cm.
3, cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that the base fertilizer in the sugarcane ditch can discharge earlier, also can discharge after setting the sugarcane kind.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described cultivations, it is characterized in that base fertilizer is spread in the sugarcane ditch by every mu of urea 8-18 kilogram, general calcium 80-120 kilogram, potassium sulphate 5-9 kilogram, and be good in the sugarcane ditch for 7 kilograms by 14 kilograms in every mu of urea, 100 kilograms of general calcium, potassium sulphate with base fertilizer.
5, cultivation of sugar cane method according to claim 1 is characterized in that sugarcane kind spacing in the rows is 8-12cm, and every segment has 2-3 joint, throws bud 8000-9500 for average every mu.
6, cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that selecting for use before the overlay film show to go out and waits weed killer herbicide 100-130g to convert 60 kilograms in water sugarcane ground is sprayed to prevent and treat weed growth only.
7, cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that promoting sugarcane production when sugarcane production sprays foliage fertilizer required nutrient when replenishing sugarcane production during to the 30cm left and right sides, and foliage fertilizer is that urea and little fertilizer are converted water and carried out, and every mu of consumption is urea 100g.
8, cultivation according to claim 1 when it is characterized in that the sugarcane seedling grows into 50-100cm, adopts intertillage fertilising banking machine to intertill the fertilising ridging, and ridging highly is 20-25cm by full, executes the requirement of urea 30-50 kilogram for every mu and carries out.
9, after this cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that arranging according to a conventional method, specifically: when aphid occurring in the process of growth, select for use agricultural chemicals such as " Aphoxs " to carry out machinery and spray according to the growing way and the sick parasitosis situation in different plot; Execute and attack stem fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, irrigates immediately after applying; Execute strong tail fertilizer, mu is executed 100 kilograms of carbon ammoniums, in time pours water then.
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Cited By (18)
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CN102577784A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-18 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Planting method of sugarcane single bud and double buds sparse planting in horizontal rows |
CN102687636A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-09-26 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Wide box and wide belt culture method for sugarcane |
CN102860195A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | 李晓莉 | Whole plastic-film mulching planting technique for castor-oil plant |
CN103155769A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2013-06-19 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Method and structure for sugarcane contour strip cropping |
CN103404332A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-11-27 | 广东联塑科技实业有限公司 | Irrigation method for planting sugarcane efficiently |
CN103718824A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-16 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Planting method for sugarcanes |
CN104082011A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 耿马傣族佤族自治县蔗糖产业办公室 | Mulching method for sugarcane weeding mulching films on all ground and in whole growing period |
CN104221649A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-12-24 | 游建华 | Method for lengthening perennial root of sugarcane |
CN104380950A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-04 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Sugarcane full film covering type cultivation technology with weeding and pest controlling effects |
CN104521689A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Sugarcane interlaced irrigation method |
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CN106613069A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-05-10 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Mechanized planting method for sugarcane |
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CN109937831A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of anti-fall clump formula cultivation technique of sugarcane high-yield |
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CN102577784A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-18 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | Planting method of sugarcane single bud and double buds sparse planting in horizontal rows |
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CN109937830A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-28 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Make peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane |
CN110663492A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-01-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane mechanical planting method with ultra-wide row spacing |
CN111386997A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Wide-row soil moisture conservation planting method for sugarcane |
CN114902927A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-08-16 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Sugarcane planting method convenient for mulching film recovery |
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