CN109937830A - Make peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane - Google Patents
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- CN109937830A CN109937830A CN201910331498.2A CN201910331498A CN109937830A CN 109937830 A CN109937830 A CN 109937830A CN 201910331498 A CN201910331498 A CN 201910331498A CN 109937830 A CN109937830 A CN 109937830A
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- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
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- VTNQPKFIQCLBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetochlor Chemical compound CCOCN(C(=O)CCl)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1CC VTNQPKFIQCLBDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005588 Oxadiazon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CHNUNORXWHYHNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxadiazon Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(C)C)=CC(N2C(OC(=N2)C(C)(C)C)=O)=C1Cl CHNUNORXWHYHNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- PXTXLGCRCKNAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O.OS([O-])(=O)=O PXTXLGCRCKNAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, discloses and make peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane, comprising the following steps: (1) design plantation specification；(2) start according to the plantation specification, including sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；(3) it applies fertilizer to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；(4) according to the plantation specification, the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch are sowed；(5) earthing and closing weeding are carried out to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；(6) as sugarcane 30~40cm of height of seedling, ridging and top dressing are carried out to sugarcane seedling；(7) it is harvested in time after peanut is mature；(8) peanut straw is carried out also to sugarcane field.The present invention is effectively solving the problems, such as that sugarcane field ventilation and penetrating light is poor, tiller lacks that stem is withered, under easy lodging, and peanut is made in sugarcane field between can be used for, do not reduce the per unit area yield of sugarcane not only, also adds the output of peanut.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to make peanut mode between field of plant growing technology more particularly to a kind of sugarcane.
Background technique
Saccharum grass family saccharum sugar plant and the huge C4 crop of biological yield.Chinese sugarcane is mainly planted
In on arid hillside field, China sugarcane main producing region is the ground such as Guangxi and Yunnan at present, there is the contradiction for striving ground in South China Regional and peanut.
Since sugarcane is the crop of continuous cropping 2~5 years, it is up to 10~12 months from plantation (emergence) to harvesting every year, it is therefore, sweet in production
The nonoculture and continuous cropping of sugarcane have aggravated the pest and disease damage of sugarcane, soil productivity decline, and yield and quality is difficult to increase substantially.In recent years
Due to the impact of international market, sugared valence is not high, and internal sources sugarcane procurement price is per ton at 500 yuan or so, and the agricultures such as artificial and fertilizer
It provides cost constantly riseing, cane planting benefit is difficult to improve, and current sugarcane raw material cost is still higher for sugar refinery.
Therefore, cane planting benefit is improved, cane planting cost is reduced and raw material sugarcane purchasing price is China's sugar industry sustainable development
Exhibition there is an urgent need to.
It improves cane planting benefit and reduces production cost other than wideling popularize the how anti-sugar cane breed of high yield and high sugar, improve
Cultivation mode and technology are more effective approach.The line-spacings cultivations such as the cropping pattern promoted in production at present is.Using mechanization
The sugarcane field line-spacing of plantation and harvest is generally 1.2m, and the sugarcane field line-spacing of artificial growth and harvest is generally in 0.8~1.0m.
But current equal line-spacings plantation is unfavorable for the ventilation and penetrating light in sugarcane field and stablizes the temperature of sugarcane base portion, is unfavorable for increasing list
The sugarcane number of productive tiller of plane product and single stem weight.Illumination power is to influence the main external condition of sugarcane tiller.Current equal rows
Sugarcane tiller can be reduced to the adjusting of auxin and photosynthate because of the deficiency of illumination in the ranks away from plantation.In strong light
Under the conditions of, during tiller is mostly due to having the auxin of inhibiting effect to transport after stem top generation to base portion tiller,
By the destruction of photooxidation, thus the inhibiting effect of the lateral bud of basal part of stem is weakened, and there is promotion to make tiller what root generated
The basic element of cell division is not destroyed, therefore can promote the sprouting of basal part of stem lateral bud, and just tiller is more.In low light condition
Under, auxin is smaller by the destruction of photooxidation, and the auxin for transporting basal part of stem is more, the competition of it and the basic element of cell division
As a result, being intended to based on inhibition, thus the sprouting of base portion lateral bud is inhibited, reduces tiller.At the same time, the life of higher concentration
Long element promotes the elongation growth of stem again.Under intense light conditions, it is generally accompanied with high temperature and lower relative humidity, is made to growth
It is known as antergic abscisic acid and generates more, as a result inhibit the elongation of stem and promote the thickening of stem, also promote simultaneously
Tiller.In the weak situation of illumination, leaf photosynthesis product is few, interferes the generation and growth of tiller, or even shorter and smaller point grown up to
Tiller stem can also die young because of Supply of photosynthate deficiency.In production, since density is larger, it will appear in Feng Hanghou Sugarcane Population
A large amount of tiller or weak stem are dead, mainly due to this caused by.Influence of the temperature to tiller is not limited solely to temperature, tiller meeting
Increase with the raising of soil temperature.Therefore increase the measure that light transmission in the ranks is conducive to improve soil temperature, tiller can be promoted to increase effective
Stem number.
Peanut is one of the most important oil crops of China's South China Regional and important industrial crops.Peanut belongs to pulse family work
Object, work and crop rotation between having many advantages, such as short biological nitrogen fixation, breeding time, full of nutrition, high efficiency, being suitble to.The place to grow cane
Substantially it is suitable for plantation peanut, but peanut cultivation in sugarcane field and is obtained into sugarcane and the double high yields of peanut or one at present
Technological gap point.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides making peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane, effectively solve it is sweet
Under the problem of sugarcane field ventilation and penetrating light is poor, withered stem, easy lodging are lacked in tiller, 50~60% sugarcane field is spent between can be used for
It is raw, do not reduce the per unit area yield of sugarcane not only, moreover it is possible to which mu increases income 100~200 dry pods of ㎏ peanut, and sugarcane, peanut is effectively reduced
Pest and disease damage, economic benefit and ecological benefits are significant, are the important channels for developing green agriculture.
Base case of the invention: make peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
(1) design plantation specification: sugarcane 2.2~2.4m of line-spacing makees three row peanuts between a line sugarcane, and peanut line-spacing 25~
30cm, 70~80cm of peanut row and sugarcane line space；Sugarcane 50~70cm of hill spacing, for planting every bunch planting 8~12 of new plant cane
A seed bud；Peanut 10~12cm of hill spacing, peanut cave monoseeding；
(2) start according to the plantation specification, including sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(3) it applies fertilizer to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(4) according to the plantation specification, earthing and sowing are carried out to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(5) closing weeding is carried out to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(6) as sugarcane 30~40cm of height of seedling, ridging and top dressing are carried out to sugarcane seedling；
(7) it is harvested in time after peanut is mature；
(8) peanut straw is carried out also to sugarcane field.
Further, before carrying out the step (1), carry out site preparation to sugarcane field: deep ploughing is primary, and depth is
45cm；Then rotary tillage is fine crushing smooth to topsoil.
Further, in the step (2), in sugarcane, peanut suitable sowing season, for planting the sugarcane row of new plant cane
Ditch and peanut row ditch are started simultaneously or successively；Sugarcane row 25~45cm of ditch depth, 30~40cm of ditch bottom width；Meeting described kind
The stubble cane for planting specification is only bloomed raw row ditch, peanut row 5~10cm of ditch depth, 10~15cm of furrow width.
Further, in the step (3), in the sugarcane row ditch 25~35 ㎏ of row replacement sugarcane special medicated fertilizer mixture per acre,
The practical cultivated area of peanut low 20~30 ㎏ of nitrogen potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer of row replacement and calcium and magnesium per acre are pressed to the peanut row ditch
50~100 ㎏ of phosphate fertilizer.
Further, in the step (4), when the soil moisture and soil moisture content are suitble to peanut seed emergence, new plant cane and peanut
It can sow or successively differ 1~2 day simultaneously and sow.
Further, in the step (5), 1~3 day after new plant cane and peanut seeding, soil surface is sprayed to sugarcane
The harmless preemergence herbicide with peanut.
Further, the preemergence herbicide selection Acetochlor or oxadiazon.
Further, in the step (6), 100~120 ㎏ of row replacement special compound fertilizer for sugar cane or compound fertilizer, and item per acre
It applies around sugarcane seedling, then earths up again and the special compound fertilizer for sugar cane or compound fertilizer applied all are covered.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention by adjusting sugarcane Planting Row Distance and hill spacing,
Increase cane planting line-spacing and polygerm bunch planting in zone of reasonableness, and then increase the ventilation and penetrating light of sugarcane in the ranks, is conducive to increase single
The sugarcane number of productive tiller of plane product and single stem weight.To which the present invention efficiently solves, sugarcane field ventilation and penetrating light is poor, tiller is few easy
The problem of withered, easy lodging and mechanical farm work.
The present invention is by way of making three row peanuts simultaneously between a line sugarcane, and reasonably adjust peanut line-spacing and peanut with
Spacing between sugarcane makees peanut between the field that one mu of sugarcane field can have more about 0.5 mu is used for, is stablizing sugarcane per unit area yield
In the case where, it can also harvest a Ji Huasheng, sugarcane field can receive dry 100~200 ㎏ of pod of peanut more per acre, can increase income per acre more
800~1000 yuan, planting income is greatly improved, is effectively utilized natural resources.And it, can by making between sugarcane and peanut
The disease pest and weed for reducing sugarcane and peanut, reduces the dosage of fertilizer and pesticide, to reduce production cost, improves product matter
Amount.I.e. the present invention improves economic benefit and ecological benefits, is a kind of cropping pattern of efficient green.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below:
Embodiment
Make peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane, comprising the following steps:
1, site preparation is carried out to sugarcane field.
Deep ploughing is primary, depth 45cm；Then rotary tillage is fine crushing smooth to topsoil, so that soil permeability
It is good, to guarantee seeding quality.
2, design plantation specification.
Sugarcane 2.2~2.4m of line-spacing makees three row peanuts, peanut 25~30cm of line-spacing, peanut row and sugarcane between a line sugarcane
70~80cm of line space；Sugarcane 50~70cm of hill spacing, for planting 8~12 seed buds of every bunch planting of new plant cane；Peanut hill spacing 10
~12cm, peanut cave monoseeding.Specification is planted by design, to make the mode of peanut between realization sugarcane of the present invention.
3, start according to plantation specification, including sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch.
In sugarcane, peanut suitable sowing season, for plant new plant cane sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch simultaneously or
Successively start；Sugarcane row 25~45cm of ditch depth, 30~40cm of ditch bottom width；It is only opened in the stubble cane for meeting the plantation specification
Peanut row ditch, peanut row 5~10cm of ditch depth, 10~15cm of furrow width.
Wherein, after stubble cane refers to last year harvesting sugarcane, the bud of the sugarcane root and stem of certain plants in soil is in suitable environment item with staying in sugarcane
Rudiment is unearthed under part (mainly temperature and humidity), then grows up to sugarcane strain.New plant cane then refers to that new plantation is long in the seed bud of sugarcane field
Sugarcane out.Since stubble cane typically constitutes from 70% or so of sugarcane area, it is sweet to directly influence current year for the quality of stubble cane growth
The total output of sugarcane, so in the present embodiment, in the case where meeting the plantation specification of design, stubble cane is only bloomed raw row ditch, keeps it logical
It crosses while do not influence stubble cane normal growth, can successfully plant peanut and obtain higher yield.
4, it applies fertilizer to sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch.
In sugarcane row ditch 25~35 ㎏ of row replacement sugarcane special medicated fertilizer mixture per acre, sugarcane special medicated fertilizer mixture: N+P2O5+K2O
> 25%.The practical cultivated area of peanut low 20~30 ㎏ of nitrogen potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer of row replacement and calcium per acre are pressed to peanut row ditch
50~100 ㎏ of magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer.
5, according to plantation specification, sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch are sowed.
When the soil moisture and soil moisture content are suitble to peanut seed emergence, new plant cane and peanut can be sowed simultaneously, can also successive phase
It sows within poor 1-2 days.
6, earthing and closing weeding are carried out to sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch.
1~3 day after new plant cane and peanut seeding, Acetochlor or oxadiazon etc. are sprayed to sugarcane and flower to soil surface
Raw harmless preemergence herbicide, and then complete closing weeding.Using Acetochlor or oxadiazon etc. to sugarcane and the equal nothing of peanut
Harmful preemergence herbicide is conducive to make peanut between sugarcane, reaches increasing both production and income, reduces the purpose that fertilizer and pesticide uses, reduces
Cost.
7, as sugarcane 30~40cm of height of seedling, ridging and top dressing are carried out to sugarcane seedling.
100~120 ㎏ of row replacement special compound fertilizer for sugar cane or compound fertilizer per acre, and row replacement is around sugarcane seedling, then again
Ridging all covers the special compound fertilizer for sugar cane or compound fertilizer applied.It is multiple that high nitrogen ternary can be selected in special compound fertilizer for sugar cane
Hefei.
8, it is harvested in time after peanut is mature.
When 65~80% pod maturation of peanut, which reaches harvest, to be required, list marketing is harvested in time and is dried for sale.
9, peanut straw is carried out also to sugarcane field.
Peanut straw is covered on sugarcane row two sides, moisturizing chesson and the increase soil organism.
The present invention by test adjustment sugarcane Planting Row Distance and hill spacing, in the reasonable scope increase cane planting line-spacing and
Increase every cave bud number, and then increase the ventilation and penetrating light of sugarcane in the ranks, is conducive to the sugarcane number of productive tiller and list that increase unit area
Stem weight, while effectively solving the problems, such as that sugarcane field ventilation and penetrating light is poor, tiller is lacked under easily withered, easy lodging, the present invention is also
By way of making three row peanuts between a line sugarcane, and the spacing between peanut line-spacing and peanut and sugarcane is reasonably adjusted,
Peanut is made between being used in the field that one mu of sugarcane field can have more about 0.5 mu, so that may be used also in the case where stablizing sugarcane per unit area yield
One Ji Huasheng of more harvest, per acre sugarcane field can dry 100~200 ㎏ of pod of yield peanut so that can be increased income per acre to 800~1000
Member improves planting income, is effectively utilized natural resources.
The present invention can reduce the disease pest and weed of sugarcane and peanut, reduce chemical fertilizer by way of making between sugarcane and peanut
The dosage of pesticide improves product quality to reduce production cost.I.e. the present invention improves plantation ecological benefits, is one
The cropping pattern of kind efficient green.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (8)
1. making peanut mode between a kind of sugarcane, which comprises the following steps:
(1) design plantation specification: sugarcane 2.2~2.4m of line-spacing makees three row peanuts between a line sugarcane, peanut 25~30cm of line-spacing,
70~80cm of peanut row and sugarcane line space；Sugarcane 50~70cm of hill spacing, for planting 8~12 kinds of every bunch planting of new plant cane
Bud；Peanut 10~12cm of hill spacing, peanut cave monoseeding；
(2) start according to the plantation specification, including sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(3) it applies fertilizer to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(4) according to the plantation specification, the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch are sowed；
(5) earthing and closing weeding are carried out to the sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch；
(6) as sugarcane 30~40cm of height of seedling, ridging and top dressing are carried out to sugarcane seedling；
(7) it is harvested in time after peanut is mature；
(8) peanut straw is carried out also to sugarcane field.
2. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that right before carrying out the step (1)
Sugarcane field carries out site preparation: deep ploughing is primary, depth 45cm；Then rotary tillage is fine crushing smooth to topsoil.
3. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2), in sugarcane, flower
Raw suitable sowing season, sugarcane row ditch and peanut row ditch for planting new plant cane are started simultaneously or successively；Sugarcane row ditch
Deep 25~45cm, 30~40cm of ditch bottom width；It only blooms raw row ditch in the stubble cane for meeting the plantation specification, peanut row ditch
Deep 5~10cm, 10~15cm of furrow width.
4. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3), in the sugarcane
Row ditch 25~35 ㎏ of row replacement sugarcane special medicated fertilizer mixture per acre presses the row replacement per acre of the practical cultivated area of peanut to the peanut row ditch
Low 20~30 ㎏ of nitrogen potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer and 50~100 ㎏ of calcium magnesium phosphate.
5. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4), in the soil moisture
When being suitble to peanut seed to emerge with soil moisture content, new plant cane and peanut can be sowed simultaneously or successively be differed 1~2 day and sow.
6. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5), in new plant cane and
1~3 day after peanut seeding, the preemergence herbicide harmless to sugarcane and peanut is sprayed to soil surface.
7. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preemergence herbicide selects Acetochlor
Or oxadiazon.
8. making peanut mode between sugarcane according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6), row replacement is sweet per acre
100~120 ㎏ of sugarcane special complex fertilizer or compound fertilizer, and then row replacement is earthed up around sugarcane seedling the sugarcane applied again
Special complex fertilizer or compound fertilizer all cover.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112219669A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-01-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Simple cultivation method for sugarcane seedlings |
| CN113243273A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting peanuts with sugarcane |
| CN114514864A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-20 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for cultivating wide-row intercropping peanuts and sweet potatoes through sugarcanes |
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