CN106613069A - Mechanized planting method for sugarcane - Google Patents

Mechanized planting method for sugarcane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106613069A
CN106613069A CN201610834115.XA CN201610834115A CN106613069A CN 106613069 A CN106613069 A CN 106613069A CN 201610834115 A CN201610834115 A CN 201610834115A CN 106613069 A CN106613069 A CN 106613069A
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China
Prior art keywords
sugarcane
planting
planting machine
planters
implantation methods
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CN201610834115.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
方志存
郭家文
张跃彬
杨洪昌
陈建国
刘高源
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Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201610834115.XA priority Critical patent/CN106613069A/en
Publication of CN106613069A publication Critical patent/CN106613069A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanized planting method for sugarcane, and belongs to the technical field of crop planting. The planting method includes the steps that a land parcel with the slope smaller than 15 degrees is selected in the planting season, and planting is conducted when there is no rain for 5 consecutive days; the selected land parcel is plowed thoroughly, harrowed finely and leveled off, and then weeds and stones are cleared away, wherein the maximum diameter of furrow slices is smaller than or equal to 50 mm after land preparation; before planting, sugarcane planters are examined to ensure normal performance; sugarcane seeds are put into sugarcane seed boxes of the planters, base fertilizer is prepared, mixed to be uniform and put into fertilizer boxes of the planters, mulching film is installed on film covering devices of the planters, and then furrowing devices of the planters are adjusted to reach the furrowing depth of 45 cm, wherein each sugarcane planter is equipped with 2-4 seed placing workers; in planting, the processes of furrowing, fertilizer application, seed chopping, seeding, seed arranging, earthing and film covering are conducted in sequence through the sugarcane planters, wherein the sugarcane planters walk with the maximum speed not exceeding 2.2 km/h. The method is easy to implement and high in efficiency and needs little labor.

Description

A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods.
Background technology
Main sucrose big producing country of the world has all realized sugarcane production mechanization substantially, and China's cane planting is substantially also In the handwork stage.With a large amount of country labor force transfers to second, third industry, sugarcane district labour is universal for south China Shortage, cane planting cost are further up.Need to put into a large amount of labours during cane planting, with Chinese Urbanization, The quickening of process of industrialization, rural area youth labour constantly shifts to city, and sugarcane district price of labour power cost increases and labour Shortage is into outstanding problem present in sugarcane production.Realize the lasting healthy and stable development of sugarcane, development sugarcane whole process machine Toolization is extremely urgent, and sugarcane mechanization plantation is the important content for developing sugarcane entire mechanization.
The content of the invention
It is this kind of the invention aims to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods Plant method is simple to operate, and labour is few, efficiency high.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Remove weeds and stone afterwards, reach soil layer actual situation and deposit, the thin state of grading;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, 2-4 names is equipped with every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation;Sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h, prevents broadcast leakage;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 5cm-10cm.
It is further preferred that during epiphragma, the ground film thickness for adopting for 0.008mm, a width of 30-40mm, tensile strength compared with Good film.
It is further preferred that a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 30cm-40cm, be conducive to the growth of cane seedling.
It is further preferred that described base manure usage amount be general calcium 748-752kg/ha, urea 297-301kg/ha and Potassium sulfate 298-302kg/ha.
It is further preferred that described base manure usage amount is general calcium 750kg/ha, urea 300kg/ha and potassium sulfate 300kg/ha。
Planting season of the present invention is the general planting time, generally spring and season in autumn two, also dependent on difference Weather conditions are reasonably adjusted.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the present invention:
Sugarcane mechanization implantation methods of the present invention are simple to operate, and labour is few, efficiency high.
The field work efficiency of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods of the present invention is 0.4 hectare/hour, and artificial growth relatively Per mu cost-saved 200 yuan.
Mechanized cultivation method emergence rate of the present invention, yield and Sucrose increase, per mu of increase 215- of yield 350kg。
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting this Bright scope.Unreceipted particular technique or condition person in embodiment, according to technology or condition described by document in the art Or carry out according to product description.Material therefor or the unreceipted production firm person of equipment, being can pass through what purchase was obtained Conventional products.
The sugarcane planting machine that the embodiment of the present invention is adopted is purchased from Yunnan Xintianli Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., model 2czx-2, during plantation, using slow one grade walking.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Weeds and stone are removed afterwards;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, is equipped with 2 on every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation, sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h;
During fertilising, base manure usage amount is general calcium 748kg/ha, urea 297kg/ha and potassium sulfate 298kg/ha;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;The a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 30cm-32cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 5cm-6cm;
During epiphragma, the ground film thickness for adopting for 0.008mm, a width of 30mm.
Planted in 2 months 2015 according to These parameters, meanwhile, adopt according to conventional manual's implantation methods as control, 3 The middle of the month investigates situation of emerging, and 2 months 2016 sampling survey Sucroses simultaneously survey product.Pilot survey result such as table 1:
The Different Ways of Planting application form of table 1
As shown in Table 1, under equal conditions, planting with machinery emergence rate, yield and Sucrose respectively than artificial growth improve 2.2%, 324kg/ mus and 1.1%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Weeds and stone are removed afterwards;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, is equipped with 4 on every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation, sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h;
During fertilising, base manure usage amount is general calcium 752kg/ha, urea 301kg/ha and potassium sulfate 302kg/ha;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;The a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 38cm-40cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 8cm-10cm;
During epiphragma, the ground film thickness for adopting for 0.008mm, a width of 40mm.
Planted in 2 months 2015 according to These parameters, meanwhile, adopt according to conventional manual's implantation methods as control, 3 The middle of the month investigates situation of emerging, and 2 months 2016 sampling survey Sucroses simultaneously survey product.Pilot survey result such as table 2:
The Different Ways of Planting application form of table 2
As shown in Table 2, under equal conditions, planting with machinery emergence rate, yield and Sucrose respectively than artificial growth improve 2%, 240.7kg/ mu and 0.96%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Weeds and stone are removed afterwards;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, is equipped with 3 on every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation, sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h;
During fertilising, base manure usage amount is general calcium 750kg/ha, urea 300kg/ha and potassium sulfate 300kg/ha;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;The a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 34cm-37cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 7cm-8cm;
During epiphragma, the ground film thickness for adopting for 0.008mm, a width of 35mm.
Planted in 2 months 2015 according to These parameters, meanwhile, adopt according to conventional manual's implantation methods as control, 3 The middle of the month investigates situation of emerging, and 2 months 2016 sampling survey Sucroses simultaneously survey product.Pilot survey result such as table 3:
The Different Ways of Planting application form of table 3
As shown in Table 3, under equal conditions, planting with machinery emergence rate, yield and Sucrose respectively than artificial growth improve 2.5%, 289kg/ mus and 0.83%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Weeds and stone are removed afterwards;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, is equipped with 3 on every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation, sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h;
During fertilising, base manure usage amount is general calcium 750kg/ha, urea 300kg/ha and potassium sulfate 300kg/ha;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;The a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 34cm-37cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 7cm-8cm;
During epiphragma, the ground film thickness for adopting for 0.008mm, a width of 35mm.
Planted in 2 months 2015 according to These parameters, meanwhile, adopt according to conventional manual's implantation methods as control, 3 The middle of the month investigates situation of emerging, and 2 months 2016 sampling survey Sucroses simultaneously survey product.Pilot survey result such as table 4:
The Different Ways of Planting application form of table 4
As shown in Table 4, under equal conditions, planting with machinery emergence rate, yield and Sucrose respectively than artificial growth improve 2.3%, 217kg/ mus and 0.83%.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification this The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of sugarcane mechanization implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step(1), the selection in time and plot:In planting season, select plot of the gradient less than 15 degree, continuous 5 days not under Planted during rain;
Step(2), site preparation:To step(1)Selected plot is cultivated thoroughly, rake is thin, leveling, upturned soil maximum gauge≤50mm after site preparation, Weeds and stone are removed afterwards;
Step(3), the preparation of sugarcane planting machine:Before plantation, sugarcane planting machine is checked, it is ensured that performance is errorless;Sugarcane kind is put into into kind The sugarcane kind case of plant machine, base manure is prepared be mixed it is even be put in the receptacle of planting machine, and mulch film is installed on into the epiphragma of planting machine On device, afterwards the ditching device of planting machine is adjusted to into 45 centimetres deeply of trench digging, 2-4 names is equipped with every sugarcane planting machine and puts kind of a people Member;
Step(4), sugarcane planting machine operation:During plantation, ditched successively using sugarcane planting machine, applied fertilizer, being cut kind, being sowed, Pendulum kind, earthing and epiphragma operation, sugarcane planting machine is at full throttle walked less than 2.2km/h;
When cutting kind, kind of personnel need to be put put into sugarcane kind and cut in kind of device, remaining operation be planting machine according to it is pre-conditioned from Dynamic operation is completed;
When cutting kind, cutting down the seedling for obtaining for per section has 2-3 bud;
After pendulum kind, end to end lap is not to be exceeded 10cm between seedling;Meanwhile, should not have more than 3 seedlings overlap put and The broadcast leakage of more than 50cm;
During earthing, thickness of earth covering is in 5cm-10cm.
2. sugarcane mechanization implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during epiphragma, the ground film thickness of employing For 0.008mm, a width of 30-40mm.
3. sugarcane mechanization implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that a variety of seedling planting depths of sugarcane are 30cm-40cm。
4. sugarcane mechanization implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described base manure usage amount is general calcium 748-752kg/ha, urea 297-301kg/ha and potassium sulfate 298-302kg/ha.
5. sugarcane mechanization implantation methods according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described base manure usage amount is general calcium 750kg/ha, urea 300kg/ha and potassium sulfate 300kg/ha.
CN201610834115.XA 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 Mechanized planting method for sugarcane Pending CN106613069A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020177233A1 (en) * 2019-03-07 2020-09-10 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 Mechanized planting method for sugarcane in hilly and mountainous areas
CN112673777A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-20 钦州市农业科学研究所 Automatic seed descending system for sugarcane for agricultural production and control method
CN114009299A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-02-08 云南英茂糖业(集团)有限公司 Mountain scale integrated planting method for improving per unit yield of sugarcane

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020177233A1 (en) * 2019-03-07 2020-09-10 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 Mechanized planting method for sugarcane in hilly and mountainous areas
CN112673777A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-20 钦州市农业科学研究所 Automatic seed descending system for sugarcane for agricultural production and control method
CN114009299A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-02-08 云南英茂糖业(集团)有限公司 Mountain scale integrated planting method for improving per unit yield of sugarcane
CN114009299B (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-09-20 云南英茂糖业(集团)有限公司 Mountain scale integrated planting method for improving per unit yield of sugarcane

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Application publication date: 20170510