CN1802686A - 带有分开蓝色子像素的新型液晶显示器中图像降级的校正 - Google Patents

带有分开蓝色子像素的新型液晶显示器中图像降级的校正 Download PDF

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CN1802686A
CN1802686A CNA200480015713XA CN200480015713A CN1802686A CN 1802686 A CN1802686 A CN 1802686A CN A200480015713X A CNA200480015713X A CN A200480015713XA CN 200480015713 A CN200480015713 A CN 200480015713A CN 1802686 A CN1802686 A CN 1802686A
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汤玛斯·劳埃得·克莱戴尔
罗杰尔·格林·司徒尔特
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Samsung Display Co Ltd
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
    • G09G3/3685—Details of drivers for data electrodes
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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Abstract

揭示了用于校正液晶显示屏上图像降级信号的系统和方法。由于其上不完善的点反转模式，对于由在第一方向具有偶数个子像素的子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，可能具有寄生电容和其它的信号误差。揭示了用于信号校正和把误差局部化到特定的子像素上的技术。

Description

带有分开蓝色子像素的新型液晶显示器中 图像降级的校正
背景技术
在下列权利共有的美国专利申请书中，揭示有用来改善图像显示设备成本/性能曲线的一些新型的子像素排列：(1)2001年7月25号呈递、标题为“ARRANGEMENT OF COLOR PIXELS FOR FULL COLOR IMAGINGDEVICE WITH SIMPLIFIED ADDRESSING”的美国专利申请序列第09/916,232号专利申请书(第‘232号专利申请书)；(2)2002年10月22号呈递、标题为“IMPROVEMENTS TO COLOR FLAT PANEL DISPLAYSUB-PIXEL ARRANGEMENTS AND LAYOUTS FOR SUB-PIXELRENDERING WITH INCREASED MODULATION TRANSFER FUNCTIONRESPONSE”的美国专利申请序列第10/278,353号专利申请书(第‘353号专利申请书)；(3)2002年10月22号呈递、标题为“IMPROVEMENTS TOCOLOR FLAT DISPLAY SUB-PIXEL ARRANGEMENTS AND LAYOUTSFOR SUB-PIXEL RENDERING WITH SPLIT BLUE SUB-PIXELS”的美国专利申请序列第10/278,352号专利申请书(第‘352号专利申请书)；(4)2002年9月13号呈递、标题为“IMPROVED FOUR COLOR ARRANGEMENTSAND EMITTER FOR SUB-PIXEL RENDERING”的美国专利申请序列第10/243,094号专利申请书(第‘094号专利申请书)，(5)2002年10月22号呈递、标题为“IMPROVEMENTS TO COLOR FLAT PANEL DISPLAYSUB-PIXEL ARRANGEMENTS AND LAYOUTS WITH REDUCED BLUELUMINANCE WELL VISIBILITY”的美国专利申请序列第10/278,328号专利申请书(第‘328号专利申请书)；(6)2002年10月22号呈递、标题为“COLORDISPLAY HAVING HORIZONTAL SUB-PIXEL ARRANGEMENTS ANDLAYOUTS”的美国专利申请序列第10/278,393号专利申请书(第‘393号专利申请书)；(7)2003年1月16号呈递、标题为“IMPROVED SUB-PIXELARRANGEMENTS FOR STRIP DISPLAYS AND METHODS AND SYSTEMSFOR SUB-PIXEL RENDERING SAME”的美国专利申请序列第01/347,001号专利申请书(第‘001号专利申请书)。上述说明书的每一份，皆于此结合本说明书对其加以引用。
这些改进，当与上述那些专利申请书，以及此处结合本说明书加以引用的权利共有的美国专利申请书中所进一步揭示的一些子像素着色系统和方法结合起来时，其效果特别显著：(1)2002年1月16号呈递、标题为“CONVERSION OF RGB PIXEL FORMAT DATA TO PENTILE MATRIXSUB-PIXEL DATA FORMAT”的美国专利申请序列第10/051,612号专利申请书(第‘612号专利申请书)；(2)2002年5月17号呈递、标题为“METHODSAND SYSTEMS FOR SUB-PIXEL RENDERING WITH GAMMAADJUSTMENT”的美国专利申请序列第10/150,355号专利申请书(第‘355号专利申请书)；(3)2002年8月8号呈递、标题为“METHODS AND SYSTEMSFOR SUBPIXEL RENDERING WITH ADAPTIVE FILTERING”的美国专利申请序列第10/215,843号专利申请书(第‘843号专利申请书)；(4)2003年3月4号呈递、标题为“SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TEMPORALSUB-PIXEL RENDERING OF IMAGE DATA”的美国专利申请序列第10/379,767号专利申请书；(5)2003年3月4号呈递、标题为“SYSTEMS ANDMETHODS FOR MOTION ADAPTIVE FILTERING”的美国专利申请序列第10/379,765号专利申请书；(6)2002年3月4号呈递、标题为“SUB-PIXELRENDERING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVED DISPLAYVIEWING ANGLES”的美国专利申请序列第10/379,766号专利申请书；(7)2002年4月7日呈递、标题为“IMAGE DATA SET WITH EMBEDDEDPRE-PIXEL RENDERED IMAGE”的美国专利申请序列第10/409,413号专利申请书。上述一些说明书，皆于此结合本说明书对其全部加以引用。
附图说明
构成本说明书的一部分而结合在本说明书内的一些附图，是用来解说本发明的示范性的具体实施方案和实施例，这些附图连同有关叙述则用来解释本发明的原理。
图1A示出带有1x1点反转模式的传统RGB条纹显示屏。
图1B示出带有1x2点反转模式的传统RGB条纹显示屏。
图2示出具有新型子像素重复组的显示屏，该重复组在第一(行)方向上具有偶数个子像素。
图3描述具有图2的重复组、且带有多个标准驱动器芯片的显示屏，其中将图像的任何降级放置到蓝色子像素上。
图4对于图3的多个驱动器芯片的相位关系进行了描述。
图5描述具有图2的重复组的显示屏，其中驱动该显示屏的驱动器芯片是4相位芯片，其中将图像的任何降级放置到蓝色子像素上。
图6描述具有一种子像素重复组的显示屏，这种子像素重复组具有两个窄的蓝色子像素列，其中将实质上全部或大部分的图像降级的放置在这些窄的蓝色子像素列上。
具体实施方式
现在将对在附图中所示例说明的那些具体实施方案和实施例作详细的参考。在可能的地方，将在所有附图中采用相同的参考号码来称谓相同或类似的部件。
图1A对于有源矩阵液晶显示器(AMLCD)示出显示屏100上传统的RGB条纹结构，该有源矩阵液晶显示器具有薄膜晶体管(TFT)116来分别激活那些单独的彩色子像素—红色子像素104、绿色子像素106和蓝色子像素108。如在图中所可见到的，该显示屏所含有的子像素重复组102是由一个红色子像素、一个绿色子像素和一个蓝色子像素所组成。
如图中所还示出的，每个子像素与一根列传输线(每个由列驱动器110来驱动)和一根行传输线(例如112和114)相连接。在有源矩阵液晶显示器显示屏领域，根据点反转模式来驱动显示屏以减少色度亮度干扰和闪烁是众所周知的。图1A描述一种特定的点反转模式——即1x1点反转——由在每个子像素中心处所给出的“+”和“-”极性来表示。每根行传输线通常与薄膜晶体管116的栅(图1A中未示出)相连接。通过列传输线发送的图像数据通常连接到每个薄膜晶体管的源极。图像数据每次一行地写入显示屏，而且被赋予如此处作为“奇”模式(O)或“偶”模式(E)所表示的极性偏转模式。如图所示，在指定次以“奇”极性模式来写行112，而在下一次则以“偶”极性模式写行114。在这个1x1点反转模式中，极性每次一行地交替变更为奇模式和偶模式。
图1B描述另一种传统的RGB条纹显示屏，它具有另一种点反转模式——即1x2点反转。此处，极性模式每经历两行变化一次——与在1x1点反转中的每一行相反。在这两种点反转模式中，可观察到：(1)在1x1点反转中，物理上相邻的两个子像素(在水平和垂直两个方向都是)具有不同的极性；(2)在1x2点反转中，在水平方向上物理上相邻的两个子像素具有不同的极性；(3)跨越任一给定行，每个相继彩色子像素的极性皆与其相邻的极性相反。因此，例如，沿一行两连续红色子像素将是(+，-)或(-，+)。当然，在1x1点反转中，沿一列两连续的红色子像素将具有相反极性；然而在1x2点反转中，每两个连续红色子像素所构成的组将具有相反的极性。这种极性改变减少了可见的视觉缺陷，这些缺陷常发生于在有源矩阵液晶显示器的显示屏上着色的特定图像。
图2示出由重复子像素组202所组成的显示屏(如在第‘353号专利申请书进一步所述)。如所可见到的，重复子像素组202为包含由红色子像素和蓝色子像素组成的棋盘状图案的8子像素重复组，而在这些红色子像素和蓝色子像素之间，带有两列减缩区域的绿色子像素。如果把标准的1x1点反转模式应用到由这种重复组所组成的显示屏(如图2所示)，显然RGB条纹显示屏的上述属性(即，在一行和/或一列中的连续彩色子像素具有不同极性)马上会受到破坏。这种情况可能引起许多视觉缺陷，可观察到地呈现在显示屏上——特别是在显示某些图像的图案时。这种现象在用其它新型子像素重复组——例如，图1的第‘352号专利申请书的子像素重复组——和其它跨越一行的重复子像素个数不是奇数的重复组时都会发生。因此，由于传统RGB条纹显示屏在其重复组内具有三个这种子像素(即红色、绿色和蓝色子像素)，所以这些传统的显示屏不必要违反上述条件。然而，在本申请书中图2的重复组，在其重复组内跨越某一行具有4个(即偶数个)子像素(例如，红色、绿色、蓝色和绿色)。可以意识到，这里所描述的实施例，可等同地应用到所有这种偶模数重复组。
为了防止有源矩阵液晶显示器的图像降级以及其它的问题，不但沿着每一选择行的，数据传输线传递的极性必须随机化，而且数据传输线传递的极性对于显示器内每一种彩色和每个位置也必须随机化。尽管这种随机化对于与通常使用的交替列反转数据驱动器系统结合的RGB三色子像素来说，是很自然地出现的，但当沿行传输线采用偶数个子像素时，这种随机化就较难实现。
在一个偶模数设计实施例中，行是由较小的绿色子像素和数量较少但较大的红色与蓝色子像素的组合所形成。通常，数据传输线传递的极性在交替的数据传输线上是相反的，从而数据传输线任一侧的每个子像素大约等同地与其电容性地耦合。这样，这些电容引起的瞬态误差大约相等且相反，从而在子像素自身上趋向彼此抵消掉。然而在本例子中，相同彩色的子像素的极性是相同的，从而可能发生图像降级。
图3示出使用2x1点反转的偶模数像素布局。由于相同彩色像素在极性上交替变更，垂直方向的图像降级被消除了。通过周期性地变化点反转的相位，减少了由相同彩色像素造成的水平方向的图像降级。驱动器芯片301A到301D向显示器提供数据；这些驱动器的输出被驱动为+，-，+，-，…或-，+，-，+，…。对于显示器前面4行，在图4中示出了极性的相位设计。例如，芯片301B的第一列具有相位-，-，+，+，…。
在一个实施例中，一个子像素——位于在某一给定时间驱动相同极性的列传输线的任一侧——对于任何给定的图像信号可能受到亮度的减低。如此，两个目标是：减少受影响的子像素的数目；以及减少无法避免被这样影响的任何特定子像素的图像降级效应。本说明书内，以及在结合于本说明书内的其它相关说明书内，设计了几种技术来使受影响的子像素的数目和图像降级子像素的效应这两者最小化。
一种这样的技术是，如果该质量下降是无法避免的话，则挑选会有质量下降的子像素。在图3中，这样设计该相位，从而将画有圆圈的蓝色子像素302上的相同极性的发生局部化。以这种方式，沿一行的相同彩色的子像素的极性每两个驱动器芯片反转一次，这样将使水平方向的图像降级最小化或消除。这些周期性的、画有圆圈的蓝色子像素302将比阵列内的其它蓝色子像素稍许暗一些(对于通常的黑液晶显示器)，或稍许亮一些(对于通常的白液晶显示器)，但由于肉眼对于蓝色亮度变化不敏感，所以这种差别实质上较少可见。
再另一种技术是对任何受影响的子像素附加校正信号。如果知道哪些子像素会有图象质量下降，则有可能把校正信号附加到图像数据信号上。例如，在本说明书中以及其它说明书中提及的寄生电容中的大多数，倾向于降低受影响的子像素的亮度量。因而可能直接理论推断地或完全凭经验地(例如，通过特定显示屏上的测试图案)确定显示屏上子像素的性能特性，从而加回信号来对降级进行校正。特别是对于图3，如果需要对画有圆圈的子像素上的小误差进行校正，则可以把校正项附加到用于画有圆圈的蓝色子像素的数据上。
在本发明的再另一个实施例中，有可能设计将可进一步减轻图像降级效应的不同的驱动器芯片。如图5中所示，为了极性反转使用4相位时钟。通过使用这种模式或类似的模式，在阵列中只有蓝色子像素具有相同极性图像降级。然而，由于所有的像素都等同的降级，这对于人眼实质上将较少可见。如果需要，可应用校正信号来对较暗或较亮的蓝色子像素进行补偿。
这些驱动器的波形，可利用数据驱动器芯片来产生，该数据驱动器芯片可提供一种电源切换系统，该系统比在相对简单的交替极性反转设计中所采用的更为复杂。在这个两级数据驱动器设计中，如同在第一级中一样地生成模拟信号。然而，极性转换级是通过在数据驱动器第二级中的，其自身的交叉连接矩阵来驱动，以提供所指出的较复杂的极性反转。
此处所述的技术的再另一个实施例，是将沿行和列两个方向跨过显示屏的蓝色子像素子集上的图像降级效应局部化。例如，可以使用蓝色子像素的“棋盘状图案”(即沿行和/或列的任意一个方向跳过每隔一个蓝色子像素)来使图像降级信号局部化。如以上所提及的，人眼——利用其在蓝色空间分辨率方面的低敏感性——将较少可能注意到该误差。将可意识到，可以选择其它蓝色子像素子集来使误差局部化。另外，带有4相位或更少相位的不同驱动器芯片，也可能驱动这种显示屏。
图6是显示屏600的再另一个实施例，该显示屏实质上由偶模数子像素重复组602所组成。于此情况，重复组602含有红色子像素104和绿色子像素106所构成的棋盘状图案，中间放置了两列蓝色子像素108。如所指出的，可能(但非必要一定如此)蓝色子像素具有比红色和绿色子像素小的宽度。如可见到的，两相邻的蓝色子像素列可以利用内部连线604来共享同一个列驱动器，可能蓝色子像素的薄膜晶体管适当地重布局来避免确切的数据值共享。
利用执行2x1点反转的标准列驱动器，可以看到，蓝色子像素列606与其右侧紧接着的的红色和绿色子像素列具有相同的极性。虽然这可能导致图像降级(可用某些校正信号来补偿)，但优点是该图像降级被局部化在暗色(即蓝色)子像素列上，从而人眼较少看得出来。

Claims (36)

1.一种液晶显示器，包含：
实质上由一种子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，该子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，所述子像素重复组进一步包括一列暗彩色的子像素；以及
将图像数据和极性信号发送到该显示屏的驱动器电路；
其中将所述信号内的任何图像降级局部化在上述暗彩色的子像素列上。
2.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器，其中暗彩色子像素是蓝色子像素。
3.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器，其中所述子像素重复组实质上含有红色和绿色子像素所构成的棋盘状图案，中间放置有两列蓝色子像素。
4.如权利要求3所述的液晶显示器，其中所述两列蓝色子像素共享同一个列驱动器。
5.如权利要求1所述的液晶显示器，其中一个或多个子像素接收校正信号。
6.一种液晶显示器，包含：
实质上由一种子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，该子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，其中所述重复组还含有一列蓝色子像素；以及
至少具有两个相位的驱动器电路，该驱动器电路把图像数据和极性信号发送到所述显示屏，其中这样选择驱动电路的相位，使得置于任何子像素上的任何寄生效应实质上置于所述蓝色子像素列上。
7.如权利要求6所述的液晶显示器，其中发送校正信号到一个或多个子像素。
8.一种用于校正液晶显示器内图像降级的方法，包括：
对显示屏的子像素重复组内的子像素进行排列，所述子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，并且还含有一列暗彩色的子像素；以及
将驱动器信号这样提供给显示屏内的子像素以发送图像数据和极性信号，使得驱动器信号内的图像降级局部化在暗彩色的子像素列上。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中暗彩色的子像素列是蓝色子像素列。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法，其中在子像素重复组内对子像素进行排列，包含形成红色和绿色子像素所构成的棋盘状图案，中间放置有两列蓝色子像素。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中提供驱动器信号包括从同一个列驱动器把信号提供给两列蓝色子像素。
12.如权利要求8所述的方法，还包括：
把校正信号提供给该子像素组内一个或多个子像素。
13.一种用于校正液晶显示器内图像降级的方法，包括：
把子像素排列到显示屏内至少一个子像素重复组中，该子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，而且至少含有一列蓝色子像素；以及
利用驱动器电路把用于图像数据和极性数据的信号提供给该显示屏，该驱动电路至少具有两个相位，这样选择这两个相位，使得置于任何子像素上的任何寄生效应实质上置于至少一列蓝色子像素上。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，还包括：
把校正信号提供给一个或多个子像素。
15.一种液晶显示器，包含：
用于排列显示屏的子像素重复组内的子像素的装置，该子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，所述子像素重复组还含有一列暗彩色子像素；以及
用于把驱动器信号提供给显示屏内的子像素来发送图象数据和极性信号的装置，使得驱动器信号内的图像降级局部化在暗彩色的子像素列上。
16.如权利要求15所述的液晶显示器，其中暗彩色的子像素列是蓝色子像素列。
17.如权利要求15所述的液晶显示器，其中用于排列子像素重复组内的子像素的装置，包含用于形成红色和绿色子像素构成的棋盘状图案，并且其间具有两列蓝色子像素的装置。
18.如权利要求17所述的液晶显示器，其中用于提供驱动器信号的装置包含用于从同一个列驱动器向两列蓝色子像素提供信号的装置。
19.如权利要求15所述的液晶显示器，还含有：
用于把校正信号提供给子像素组内一个或多个子像素的装置。
20.一种液晶显示器，包含：
用于把子像素排列到显示屏内至少一个子像素重复组内的装置，该子像素重复组在一行内含有偶数个子像素，还含有至少一列蓝色子像素；以及
用于使用驱动器电路向显示屏提供用于图像数据和极性数据的信号的装置，该驱动器电路带有至少两个相位，这样选择这两个相位，使得置于任何子像素上的任何寄生效应实质上置于至少一列蓝色子像素上。
21.如权利要求20所述的液晶显示器，还包含把校正信号发送到一个或多个子像素。
22.一种液晶显示器，包含：
实质上由子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，该子像素重复组在第一方向具有偶数个子像素；以及
将图像数据和极性信号发送给显示屏的驱动器电路，其中驱动器电路将校正信号发送给具有实质上一致的亮度误差的多个子像素。
23.如权利要求22所述的液晶显示器，其中极性信号是一个点反转模式。
24.如权利要求23所述的液晶显示器，其中极性信号是1x1点反转模式。
25.如权利要求23所述的液晶显示器，其中极性信号是1x2点反转模式。
26.如权利要求22所述的液晶显示器，其中极性信号是4相位点反转模式。
27.如权利要求22所述的液晶显示器，其中所述具有实质上一致的亮度误差的多个子像素是蓝色子像素。
28.在包含显示屏的液晶显示器内，该显示屏实质上由子像素重复组所组成，该子像素重复组在第一方向具有偶数个子像素，用于在所述显示屏中校正图像降级的方法，该方法包含：
确定具有实质上一致的亮度误差的子像素；
确定要加到子像素上的校正信号；以及
将所述校正信号加到发给子像素的所述图像信号上。
29.如权利要求28所述的方法，其中确定子像素还包含：
使用测试信号测量子像素所显示的误差。
30.如权利要求28所述的方法，其中确定误差信号还包含：
经验为主地测试校正信号，并验证所述校正信号是否实质上校正误差。
31.一种液晶显示器，包括：
实质上由子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，该子像素重复组在第一方向具有偶数个子像素；以及
多个双相位驱动器芯片，把图像数据和极性信号发送到显示屏，其中这样选择驱动电路的相位，使得置于驱动器芯片边界处任何子像素上的任何寄生效应实质上置于蓝色子像素上。
32.如权利要求31所述的液晶显示器，其中将校正信号发送给具有寄生效应的多个子像素。
33.一种液晶显示器，包括：
实质上由子像素重复组所组成的显示屏，该子像素重复组在第一方向具有偶数个子像素；以及
至少具有两个相位的驱动器电路，该驱动器电路把图像数据和极性信号发送到所述显示屏，其中这样选择驱动电路的相位，使得置于任何子像素上的任何寄生效应实质上置于蓝色子像素上。
34.如权利要求33所述的液晶显示器，其中将校正信号发送给具有寄生效应的多个子像素。
35.如权利要求33所述的液晶显示器，其中子像素是显示屏的所有蓝色子像素。
36.如权利要求33所述的液晶显示器，其中子像素是显示屏的所有蓝色子像素的子集。
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