CN1729722B - 用于led发光模块的供电组件 - Google Patents

用于led发光模块的供电组件 Download PDF

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CN1729722B
CN1729722B CN2003801066542A CN200380106654A CN1729722B CN 1729722 B CN1729722 B CN 1729722B CN 2003801066542 A CN2003801066542 A CN 2003801066542A CN 200380106654 A CN200380106654 A CN 200380106654A CN 1729722 B CN1729722 B CN 1729722B
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power supply
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low frequency
electric current
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CN1729722A (zh
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P·徐
B·J·E·洪特勒
J·-P·库彭
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32Pulse-control circuits
    • H05B45/327Burst dimming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10Controlling the intensity of the light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2111/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F21W2111/02Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于LED发光模块的供电组件包括其用于将恒定电流提供给LED发光模块的一控制开关。将其是由高频脉冲的低频脉冲串所组成的双开关信号施加到控制开关上。通过改变双开关信号的低频分量,流过LED发光模块的平均电流而改变,以便改变LED发光模块所输出的光强度。

Description

用于LED发光模块的供电组件
相关说明  这是申请号为09/773,159、申请日为2001年1月31日、目前的公开号为2001/0024112A1、公开日为2001年9月27日的美国专利申请的部分继续申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将电源提供给发光二极管(LED)发光模块的供电组件。
背景技术
LED发光模块已更多的为多数应用所通用以代替诸如交通信号灯以及汽车照明这样的较不有效的白炽灯。根据应用中所需的光量,LED发光模块是由并行或串行排列的多个LED或者这两者的组合组成的。在任一种情况下,LED发光模块从其以高频率来接通和断开直流电压的供电组件接收操作功率。这种供电组件被称为开关模式电源并且以诸如逆向变换器、降压变换器、半桥式变换器等等这样的多种形式而可用。这些变换器的每一个均可以脉宽调制信号的形式而将恒定电流提供给LED发光模块。
在使用LED发光模块时,希望可对LED发光模块所输出的光强度进行控制。这可以多种方式实现。例如,通过对脉宽调制进行控制来对传送到LED发光模块的电流量进行调节。然而,只要电流强度降低到小于标称电流强度的20%,那么电流强度与光输出之间的关系则基本上变为非线性,并且LED发光模块的效率变得远非最佳。
US专利5,661 645描述了一种用于发光二极管阵列的电源,该电源包括用于中断从电源到LED阵列供电的一电路。在这里如图1所示,电源1包括直流电压10的供给,该直流电压10可以是其与下述开关模式变换器12相连的电池或者整流线交流(AC)电压,所述开关模式变换器12典型的具有控制开关14、二极管16、电感器18、可选择的电容器20、以及可选择的变压器22。控制开关14的控制输入接收高频脉宽调制(PWM)开关信号。电源1的输出与LED发光模块2相连,该LED发光模块2具有LED阵列24(这里示出为单LED)以及用于中断将电源提供给LED阵列24的可控开关26。可控开关26接收低频PWM开关信号以对送至LED阵列24的平均电流进行控制。图2给出了流过LED阵列24的电流图示,其中低频PWM开关信号可使电流脉冲D存在于时段FD中,高频PWM开关信号可使电流变化ΔID。当该结构可确保LED阵列总是以有效方式进行操作时,应该明白的是即使当PWM开关信号具有被断开的可控开关26时,电源1也是不间断的。图3给出了图1结构的等效电路。很显然的是虽然当控制开关14打开时而停止了DC源的电源时,然而当可控开关26打开时情况并非如此。因而,该结构受到不必要的能量损失。
公开号为2001/0023112A1的US专利申请公开一种可替换US专利5,661,645所示的结构。在该可替换结构中,利用低频PWM开关信号来接通和断开电源本身。图4给出了可交替结构的一示例。与图1相类似,电源1′包括直流电压10的供给,该直流电压10可以是其与下述开关模式变换器12′相连的电池或者整流线交流(AC)电压,所述开关模式变换器12′典型的具有控制开关14、二极管16、电感器18、可选择的电容器20、以及可选择的变压器22。控制开关14的控制输入接收高频脉宽调制(PWM)开关信号。电源1′的输出与其具有LED阵列24(这里示出为单LED)的LED发光模块2′相连。该LED发光模块2′不包括图1所示的可控开关26。相反,开关模式变换器12′包括用于接收下述低频PWM开关信号的一输入,所述低频PWM开关信号可有效的对用于接通和断开开关模式变换器12′的装置进行控制。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的就是除去用于接通和断开送至LED阵列的电源的装置,同时仍然实施对送至LED阵列的电流进行低频脉宽调制这样的效果。
该目的是以用于LED发光模块的供电组件来实现的,该供电组件包括:一直流(DC)电压源,该直流电压源具有第一和第二供电终端;二极管与跨接在DC电压源第一和第二供电终端两端的可控开关的串联排列;一电感器,该电感器使DC电压源的第一供电终端与第一输出端相连;一节点,该节点位于二极管与可控开关之间以形成第二输出终端,所述LED发光模块可连接在第一与第二输出终端之间;以及一控制器,该控制器对可控开关的切换进行控制,所述控制器具有用于在下述两个频率而将双脉宽调制开关信号提供给所述可控开关的装置,所述频率包括有用于对LED电流的大小进行控制的高频脉宽调制开关信号分量以及用于对LED电流持续时间进行控制的低频脉宽调制开关信号分量。
申请者发现开关模式电源中的控制开关可用于高频PWM切换以及低频PWM切换,由此可除去对其用于接通和断开电源的独立装置的需要。为此,送至控制开关的供电信号包括高频PWM开关信号以及低频PWM开关信号,也就是说在低频处以脉冲群的方式而将高频开关信号提供给控制开关。
申请者进一步发现当通过独立装置来接通和断开电源时,占空度存在渐进的增减,同时当将双PWM开关信号施加到控制开关上时,占空度即刻变化。
在本发明的又一个实施例中,控制器进一步包括:一输入,用于接收其表示LED电流的电流信号;以及装置,该装置可根据所述电流信号来改变所述低频脉宽调制开关信号分量。
申请者发现通过对LED电流进行检测,高频PWM开关信号分量的占空度可快速响应其导致了LED电流最快上升/下降时间的LED电流。
附图说明
由于在下文中可显而易见的得知上述及其他目的和优点,参考附图对本发明进行详细的描述,在附图中:
图1给出了用于LED阵列的现有技术电源的一般模块电路图;
图2给出了流过图1LED阵列的电流曲线图;
图3给出了图1的电源等效电路;
图4给出了用于LED阵列的另一现有技术电源的一般模块电路图;
图5给出了用于LED阵列的其体现了本发明的一电源的一般模块电路图;
图6给出了用于图5电源的双PWM控制信号的曲线图;
图7给出了用于LED阵列的其体现了本发明的一降压变换器的模块电路图;
图8给出了图7电源的等效电路;
图9给出了图7电源的模块电路图,其示出了控制器的第一实施例;
图10给出了图7电源的模块电路图,其示出了控制器的第二实施例;
图11给出了图7电源的模块电路图,其示出了控制器的第三实施例;
图12A给出了LED电流的曲线图,图12B给出了在断开时的LED电流的详图,并且图12C给出了在导通时的LED电流的详图。
具体实施方式
图5给出了本发明的电源和LED发光模块的一般模块电路图。尤其是,与图1和4相类似,电源1″包括直流电压10的供给,该直流电压10可以是其与下述开关模式变换器12″相连的电池或者整流线交流(AC)电压,所述开关模式变换器12″典型的具有控制开关14、二极管16、电感器18、可选择的电容器20、以及可选择的变压器22。电源1″的输出与其具有LED阵列24的LED发光模块2′相连。控制开关14的控制输入现在接收双PWM开关信号。如图6中所详细示出的,双PWM开关信号本质上是在其即就是低频PWM开关信号分量这样的低频以脉冲群方式所提供的高频PWM开关信号分量的组合。
图7给出了用于LED阵列的其体现了本发明的降压变换器的模块电路图。尤其是,DC源10跨接在二极管D1与其显示为MOSFET的控制开关30的串联排列的两端,同时电感器32与LED发光模块2′的串连排列跨接在二极管D1的两端。控制器34产生了双PWM开关信号,该双PWM开关信号通过放大器36而施加到控制开关30的控制输入上。控制器34具有这样的输入,该输入接收与LED电流有关的其表示在控制开关30的漏极端中所检测到的电流的一信号。或者,如虚线所示,该输入可接收其表示所检测到的LED电流的一信号。
图8给出了图7的电源/LED发光模块的等效电路图。显而易见的是在该结构中当控制开关断开时,电感器电流总是倾斜以降至零,由此当可控开关断开时可避免图3电路图的电流环流问题。
图9给出了图7的其具有控制器34的第一实施例的模块电路图。尤其是,控制器34包括一电流模式脉宽调制器38,该电流模式脉宽调制器接收来自电流源40的LED电流参考信号、所检测到的电流、以及高频锯齿波信号。此后电流模式脉宽调制器38提供其被施加到与门42一个输入的高频脉宽调制开关信号分量,该与门42的另一输入接收低频PWM开关信号分量。此后通过放大器36而将与门42的输出施加到控制开关30的栅极。
图10给出了图7的其具有控制器34的第二实施例的模块电路图。尤其是,控制器34包括加法器44,该加法器44具有用于接收参考电压VREF的一正输入以及用于接收高频斜坡信号的一负输入。将加法器44的输出施加到比较器46的倒相输入,该比较器46的非倒相输入接收所检测的电流。将比较器46的输出施加到RS触发器48的复位输入,该RS触发器48的置位输入接收高频时钟信号。将RS触发器48的Q输出施加到与门50的一个输入,该与门50的另一输入接收低频PWM开关信号分量。此后通过放大器36而将与门50的输出到控制开关30的栅极。
在图9的实施例中,使用任何一个峰值或者平均电流检测,同时在图10的实施例中,使用峰值电流检测。
图11给出了图7的模块电路图,其示出了其中使用峰值电流检测以及平均电流检测的控制器34的第三实施例。尤其是,将所检测的电流施加到其可形成所检测电流平均值的积分器52。将积分器52的输出施加到低频脉宽调制器54,该低频脉宽调制器54接收来自电流源56的参考电流以及来自下述低频锯齿波发生器58的低频锯齿波信号,所述低频锯齿波发生器58具有与此相耦合的用户控制60。将低频脉宽调制器54的输出施加到与门62的第一输入。还将所检测的电流施加到取样保持电路64。将其表示峰值检测电流的取样保持电路64的输出施加到高频脉宽调制器66,该高频脉宽调制器66还接收来自电流源68的参考电流以及来自高频锯齿波发生器70的高频锯齿波信号。将高频脉宽调制器66的输出施加到与门62的第二输入,并且此后通过放大器36而将与门62的输出施加到控制开关30的栅极。
在操作中,用户利用用户控制60来设置LED发光模块的期望强度级。将低频锯齿波发生器56所产生的最终锯齿波信号(例如在每个锯齿持续期间而变化)施加到低频脉宽调制器54。根据该锯齿波信号、参考电流、以及平均LED电流,低频脉宽调制器产生了其具有适当脉冲宽度的低频PWM开关信号分量。同时,施加所检测到的电流并将其存储在取样保持电路62中。高频脉宽调制器64对取样保持电路62的输出以及参考电流和高频锯齿波信号进行处理以对高频PWM开关信号分量的脉冲宽度进行调节。此后与门60对高频和低频PWM开关信号分量进行组合以形成双PWM开关信号,该双PWM开关信号通过放大器36而施加到控制开关30的栅极上。
图12A给出了整个LED电流。图12B给出了例如在图12A的第一脉冲结束时的LED电流以与图6的双开关信号相比较。为了进行比较,如果反而仅断开了电源,其此后呈现出环形电路,那么图12B还给出了LED电流(虚线)。最终,图12C给出了例如在图12A中的第二脉冲开始时的LED电流以与图6的双开关信号相比较。为了进行比较,如果反而仅接通电源,那么图12C还给出了LED电流(虚线)。
本领域普通技术人员想得到对这里所公开的结构的多种变化及改进。然而,应该明白的是上述实施例只是示例性目的而并非被认为是对本发明进行限制。其不脱离本发明精神的所有这些改进包含在随后权利要求的范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于LED发光模块(2′)的供电组件(1″),该供电组件(1″)包括:
一直流(DC)电压源(10),该直流电压源具有第一和第二供电终端;
一开关模式变换器(12″),该开关模式变换器与所述第一和第二供电终端相连以将电源提供给其可与所述开关模式变换器(12″)相连的LED发光模块(2′),所述开关模式变换器(12″)包括一可控开关(14),该可控开关与所述第一和第二供电终端的至少一个相耦合以可切换的与所述DC电压源相连;
一控制器(34),该控制器对可控开关的切换进行控制,所述控制器具有用于在下述两个频率将双脉宽调制开关信号提供给所述可控开关(14)的装置,所述频率包括有用于对所述LED电流模块(2′)中的LED电流的大小进行控制的高频脉宽调制开关信号分量以及用于对LED电流的持续期间进行控制的低频脉宽调制开关信号分量,以及
其中所述控制器还包括:一输入,该输入用于接收其表示LED电流的所检测电流;以及一装置,该装置用于根据所述所检测到的电流来改变所述低频脉宽调制开关信号分量。
2.一种用于LED发光模块(2′)的供电组件(12″),该供电组件包括:
一直流(DC)电压源(10),该直流电压源具有第一和第二供电终端;
二极管(D1)与跨接在DC电压源(10)第一和第二供电终端两端的可控开关(30)的串联排列;
一电感器(32),该电感器使DC电压源(10)的第一供电终端与第一输出端相连,位于二极管(D1)与可控开关之间(30)的节点形成了第二输出终端,所述LED发光模块(2′)可连接在第一与第二输出终端之间;以及
一控制器(34),该控制器对可控开关(30)的切换进行控制,所述控制器(34)具有用于在下述两个频率将双脉宽调制开关信号提供给所述可控开关(30)的装置,所述频率包括有用于对所述LED发光模块(2′)中的LED电流的大小进行控制的高频脉宽调制开关信号分量以及用于对LED电流持续时间进行控制的低频脉宽调制开关信号分量;
其中控制器(34)进一步包括:一输入,该输入用于接收其表示LED电流的所检测电流。
3.如权利要求2所述的供电组件(12″),
其中控制器(34)进一步包括:一装置(38),该装置用于根据所述所检测到的电流来改变所述低频脉宽调制开关信号分量。
4.如权利要求3所述的供电组件(12″),其中控制器(34)包括:
一电流源,该电流源用于提供参考电流;
一用于提供高频锯齿波信号的源;
一电流模式脉宽调制器(38),该电流模式脉宽调制器被耦合接收所述所检测到的电流、所述参考电流、以及所述高频锯齿波信号,所述电流模式脉宽调制器(38)提供所述高频PWM开关信号分量;
一用于所述低频PWM开关信号分量的源;以及
一与门(42),该与门具有用于接收所述高频PWM开关信号分量的第一输入以及用于接收所述低频PWM开关信号分量的第二输入,所述与门(42)提供所述双PWM开关信号。
5.如权利要求3所述的供电组件(12″),其中控制器(34)包括:
一加法器(44),该加法器用于接收电压参考信号以及高频锯齿波信号;
一比较器(46),该比较器具有其与所述加法器(44)的输出相耦合的一倒相输入以及被耦合接收所述所检测电流的非倒相输入;
一RS触发器(48),该RS触发器具有其与所述比较器(46)的输出相耦合的一复位输入以及被耦合接收高频时钟信号的一置位输入;
一与门(50),该与门具有其与所述RS触发器(48)的输出相耦合的第一输入以及被耦合接收低频PWM开关信号分量的第二输入,所述与门(50)提供所述双PWM开关信号。
6.如权利要求3所述的供电组件(12″),其中控制器(34)包括:
一积分器(52),该积分器被耦合接收所述所检测到的电流,所述积分器(52)形成了所述所检测电流的平均值;
一低频锯齿波发生器(58),该低频锯齿波发生器具有用于改变所产生的低频锯齿波信号的一可变用户控制(60)输入;
第一参考电流源(56);
一低频脉宽调制器(54),该低频脉宽调制器被耦合接收所述平均检测电流、所述低频锯齿波信号、以及所述第一参考电流,所述低频脉宽调制器(54)根据平均检测电流和低频锯齿波信号来改变所产生的低频PWM开关信号分量的脉冲宽度;
一取样保持电路(64),该取样保持电路也被耦合接收所检测到的电流,所述取样保持电路(64)提供所述所检测电流的峰值电流信号;
第二参考电流源(68);
一高频锯齿波发生器(70),该高频锯齿波发生器用于产生高频锯齿波信号;
一高频脉宽调制器(66),该高频脉宽调制器被耦合接收所述峰值电流信号、所述第二参考电流、以及所述高频锯齿波信号,所述高频脉宽调制器(66)根据峰值电流信号以及高频锯齿波信号来改变所产生的高频PWM开关信号的脉冲宽度;以及
一与门(62),该与门具有用于接收低频PWM开关信号分量的第一输入以及用于接收高频PWM开关信号分量的第二输入,所述与门(62)提供所述双PWM开关信号。
7.如权利要求2所述的供电组件,其中控制器包括:
当所述双脉宽调制开关信号施加到可控制的开关时,所述可控制的开关的占空比的变化基本上是瞬时的。
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