CN1571989A - 利用触觉反馈向电子设备使用者传递无声状态信息的方法 - Google Patents

利用触觉反馈向电子设备使用者传递无声状态信息的方法 Download PDF

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CN1571989A
CN1571989A CNA02820624XA CN02820624A CN1571989A CN 1571989 A CN1571989 A CN 1571989A CN A02820624X A CNA02820624X A CN A02820624XA CN 02820624 A CN02820624 A CN 02820624A CN 1571989 A CN1571989 A CN 1571989A
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路易斯·B·罗森伯格
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Abstract

从保密的角度而言，在视域和/或声音过于明显的环境和情况下，本发明实施例利用触觉反馈(110)向使用者传递状态信息。在一个实施例中，局部的触觉感应可以通过安置在使用者操作的电子设备框架(102)内的触觉元件(120)传递给使用者。

Description

利用触觉反馈向电子设备使用者传递无声状态信息的方法
相关申请的前后引用
本申请要求于2001年10月23日提交的美国临时专利申请60/345,129的优先权益，这里通过引用将其包含的完整内容结合进来。
本申请还与2001年3月9日提交的美国临时专利申请No.60/274,444，和2001年7月16日提交的美国非临时专利申请No.09/917,263相关，这里通过引用将其包含的完整内容结合进来。
技术领域
本发明通常涉及向操作电子设备的使用者提供的触觉反馈。
背景技术
人类在大量的应用中与电子和机械设备交互并进行操作，而且一直需要更加自然、易于使用和大信息量的交互接口。其中一种应用是和计算机产生的环境进行交互，例如利用鼠标、轨迹球、操纵杆和方向盘等的应用程序。在其他的应用中，用户在大量的任务中操作电子设备，检测所需的物体或信息，远程控制设备功能等等。
一些设备在操作中向使用者传递所需信息。例如，金属探测器能用于探测土壤或其他物体里隐藏的金属目标。典型地，当设备的传感器探测到金属时，就将一个可听和/或可视的提示提供给使用者，例如蜂鸣声或闪光。其他设备也类似地向使用者提供可听或可视的提示来向用户通知设备的状态或操作，例如商店里检测商品条形码价格的条形码扫描器，远程关闭非法闯入警报和/或将车门锁住或者开锁的遥控等。一些设备，例如传呼机和某些蜂窝电话，也可能传递触觉提示，例如通过振动，从而整个传呼机或蜂窝电话的外壳产生振动而接触到电子设备外壳的使用者能感觉到振动。
然而，传统的设备典型地不是秘密地传递触觉提示，所以不是仅仅向设备的使用者传递这些提示。例如，条形码扫描器或金属探测器典型地都是传递高声蜂鸣或其他触觉提示，这样使用者附近的用户也能听到提示。在标准传呼机和蜂窝电话中的振动元件通常利用猛烈晃动的惯性质量来使整个设备振动。不幸地是，绝大多数这些机械装置将会产生多余的噪声，从而被邻近的人听到。
这些能被广为察觉的提示在许多场合是一个不利条件。例如，正在使用条形码扫描器的商店售货员希望只听到他或她自己的而不是其他店员的条形码扫描器的声音；否则对于售货员的条形码扫描器是否检测到了条形码很有可能产生混淆。对于金属探测器而言，也许不希望其他人能够意识到已经检测到金属，例如机场内检测包裹中是否有武器的安全检查站。对于遥控，人们也许不希望别人听到他或她刚刚关掉/打开汽车警报或把汽车门锁住/开锁。因此需要一种更加隐秘地传递这些触觉提示的方法。
发明内容
从保密的角度而言，在视域和/或声音过于明显的环境和情况下，本发明的实施例向使用者传递触觉提示。与音频提示或视觉提示不同，本发明实施例的触觉提示能离散地向接触电子设备的使用者传递，且不被其他人听到、看见或其他方式的感知。
本发明实施例提供向使用者传递局部触觉反馈的系统、设备和方法。本发明的一种实施例提供一个框架和连接到此框架区域的触觉元件，用户在电子设备的操作中接触这个框架。一个激励源可能连接到触觉元件，且能够向触觉元件和接触触觉元件的用户离散地输出局部触觉感应。
参考说明书的剩余部分和说明书附图将对本发明的实质和优点有更加深入的理解。
附图说明
图1是图示说明本发明一个实施例的设备的模块图；
图2是图示说明本发明一个实施例的触觉反馈组件的模块图；
图3是激励源的一个实施例的简化图；
图4是提供触觉反馈的激励源的侧视图；
图5图示说明了本发明的一个实施例，即具备触觉元件的手持金属探测器；
图6图示说明了本发明的一个实施例，即具备触觉元件的手持无键遥控；和
图7图示说明了本发明的一个实施例，即具备触觉元件的手持条形码扫描器。
具体实施方式
图1是图示说明适合使用本发明实施例的电子设备100的模块图。电子设备100包括能支持本地处理器104和存储器106的框架102。本地处理器104可能有效连接到一个或多个输入设备108。触觉反馈组件，如110所示，能连接到本地处理器104且能设置向和触觉反馈组件110接触的用户传递局部触觉感应。实施例中，电子设备100设置与主计算机系统(未图示)使用，本地处理器102可利用本领域任何已知的方式与主计算机系统通信，从而使主计算机系统与电子设备之间可以单向地、双向地或者单双向地传输数据。
虽然未图示，电子设备100仍然可能包括其他公知的组件，例如，但不局限于，显示设备、系统时钟、音频输出设备、总线、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)和输入/输出(I/O)电子组件(未图示)或类似组件。
在一些实施例中，电子设备的输入设备108也能够设置产生触觉感应。这能允许电子设备向使用者同时传递两种不同的触觉感应。例如，低频振动通过触觉组件的触觉元件传递给使用者，而高频振动通过输入设备传递给使用者，反之亦然。
图2是图示说明触觉反馈组件110实施例的示意图，该组件由电子设备框架102支持且能向使用者传递局部触觉感应。触觉反馈组件110典型地包括触觉元件120和激励源130。触觉元件120包括连接到框架120表面的接触表面122，且能被从驱动装置140产生的周期性驱动信号激励，产生非常小的、能被使用者感知的运动，典型地如振动或脉冲。接触表面122可能充分平坦，弯曲，粗糙等。
在一个实施例中，触觉元件120位于框架102的某区域，在这个区域内，使用者能操作电子设备100，触觉元件诸如把柄，把手，测头，扳机或类似的物体。例如，这样安置触觉元件120：使其在电子设备的正常操作中接触使用者的手指、手、或其他附属肢体或皮肤表面(直接或间接，例如通过衣服、物体等)。通过将触觉元件120放置在与使用者身体敏感部分(例如手指或手掌)相关的功能区域内，仅仅需要激励电子设备100的局部区域向使用者传递触觉感应。
激励源130能连接到触觉元件120且向触觉元件120输出局部触觉反馈。激励源130通常只将触觉感应传递给触觉元件120，而不向由使用者持有或接触的整个电子设备传递触觉感应(例如振动)。因此，触觉反馈组件110不可能产生多余的噪音而被周围的人感知。这样的设置进一步允许低功耗的解决方案，更适合通常采用电池电力的手持设备。
在一些实施例中，激励源130采用固态元件从而产生固态触觉激励，而没有采用明显移动的、能产生多余噪音而被邻近人们察觉的零件。
激励源130的实施例包括惯性触觉反馈和移动接触触觉反馈。惯性反馈利用惯性连接的振动产生，且基于惯性质量的移动，其中惯性质量的移动在使用者接触的触觉元件中产生惯性振动。移动接触反馈涉及在地面相对使用者直接移动触觉组件的表面，由使用者皮肤的细小的位移产生。
驱动装置140能连接到激励源130产生驱动信号，用以控制向与触觉元件120接触的使用者输出触觉反馈的传递。驱动装置140可以包括，但不局限于，本地处理器104、不同的处理器、ASIC电气组件、其他能向激励源产生驱动信号从而输出触觉感应的电子控制器。如果需要，可以使用附加的电子组件(放大器，运算放大器等)向激励源传递所需形式的信号。一些实施例还可能包括专用传感器(如光学检测器)，从而能够检测使用者何时接触设备并通过接触元件感知触觉感应，例如接触元件中的传感器能够感知使用者和该元件的接触。适当的实施例中触觉感应仅在检测到使用者接触之后才输出，潜在地节省电池电力。
触觉反馈组件110能够通过许多方式实现。例如和使用者接触的触觉元件120能被多种激励源130驱动，其中包括，但不局限于，压电陶瓷激励源、音圈、磁转激励源、螺线管、铸在框架中的电激聚合体或者其他激励源。
一些触觉感应的实施例基于在与触觉元件接触时移置使用者手指或手掌皮肤而实现。另外一些实施例基于刺激与电子设备正常接触的使用者的手指或手掌表面实现。触觉元件能够基于惯性连接力或者手指或手掌表面的平移而提供触觉感应。触觉元件接触表面的表面平移(例如X和/或Y轴方向)和沿Z轴方向(垂直于接触触觉元件表面的方向)的振动或移置在传递触觉信息方面同样有效。当电子设备需要考虑体积方面的限制时这非常重要。
在一些实施例中，能够设置激励源130向电子设备的触觉元件120提供短时间持续力感应。可以将这个短时间持续力感应描述为“脉冲”。这个“脉冲”能基本上沿着特定的方向。在一些实施例中，能够控制“脉冲”的幅度；能够控制“脉冲”的感觉指向，正偏压或者副偏压；能够提供具有一定幅度和频率的“周期性力感应”，例如可以从正弦波、方波、上锯齿波(saw-toothed-up wave)、下锯齿波(saw-toothed-down wave)和三角波中选择周期性感应；对于周期信号提供包络，从而允许幅度随时间变化。波形可以是“流化的(streamed)”或者可以通过包含诸如幅度、频率和持续时间等参数的高级命令传递。
这里描述的一些实施例中，触觉元件设备能够检测使用者的接触，这可能也是有利的。由于触觉反馈仅仅在使用者接触触觉元件时才需要输出，该检测允许触觉反馈在没有物体接触触觉元件时停止(激励源“关闭”)。这个特点为电子设备节省电池电力。如果在电子设备中使用本地处理器(或类似电路)，该处理器能在感知到无使用者接触的时候关闭激励源，从而能够减少处理器附加的计算负担，直至检测到接触。
图3和图4图示说明了用于激励触觉元件的激励源的实施例。在图示的实施例中，调制与触觉元件120机械连接的高频机械振荡器从而振荡使用者所接触的表面122。例如，这种实现方式的一个例子可能包括可以购买到的大直径薄压电式换能器(piezoelectric transducer)150，(例如直径60毫米，外部支持时固有频率300到400Hz)。压电式换能器150包括一个薄的金属振动膜152。也可用大直径的压电驱动装置，例如，台湾的Kingstate。当然，也可以使用不同尺寸的压电振动膜。
一种实施例中可能包括位于压电振动膜152中心的附加物质154，用于增加惯性质量并降低固有频率，从而通过振荡振动膜和附加物质获得更强的惯性触觉感应。可以将压电式换能器150的外围接地，附加物质154在压电振动膜表面垂直振荡，向接触压电激励源150或者接触与压电激励源150连接的触觉元件120的使用者产生触觉感应。
压电式换能器150能作为谐波振荡器，运行在相对高的频率向使用者传递触觉感应。调幅(包络控制)可用于产生比单基鼓膜模式更加宽泛的触觉频谱。
为了提供所需的触觉感应，压电式换能器150能提供附加物质154的较大的持续不变的移置(加速)，且能通过触觉驱动信号调制载频(振荡频率)。可能需要一些电子装置(未图示)来操作这类激励源。可以从5伏特产生高压供给用于驱动压电换能器。振荡电路，例如自激电路，能驱动压电式换能器。门控部件打开和关闭压电式换能器的振荡，而比例均衡控制器允许调制触觉输出的幅度。还可能通过门控振荡器的开和关来提供全数字实现方案。
图4是压电式换能器150一个实施例的侧视图，当使用者手动操作电子设备时，该换能器150在与使用者手掌或手指接触的触觉元件120的接触表面122上直接提供振动。接触表面122可以是光滑表面、充分平坦表面、弯曲表面、粗糙表面，和/或包括在其表面上的其他增大接触的特点。手持框架102可包括边缘斜面，用以防止污垢进入触觉反馈设备。
在图示的实施例中，触觉元件120的表面安放在电子设备框架102把柄或把手位置，且触觉元件120连接到压电陶瓷激励源150。触觉元件120可和其他物质一起安置，用以设定共振频率从而在所需触觉感应范围内产生最大触觉输出。在一些实施例中，触觉元件120可安放在灵活的、预先安装的悬挂上，从而在压电陶瓷激励源150驱动时产生振动。触觉元件120可搁置在选定的具有精确质量的垫片上，用以产生有效的触觉输出。垫片156搁置在作为压电式换能器150一部分的压电金属振动膜152的边缘，金属导线158连接振动膜152和信号源164。压电陶瓷元件160也是压电式换能器164的一部分，连接到金属振动膜152，电导线162可连接元件160和信号源164。传导电极镀在压电陶瓷元件160上，用以传递从信号源164到金属振动膜152的驱动信号。接触衬垫166放置在压电陶瓷元件160和底部框架168之间，且接触衬垫166能严格连接压电陶瓷元件160和底部框架168。接触衬垫166可以制造得比较小从而金属振动膜152能增加弯曲度，产生更大的加速度和向使用者提供更强的触觉效果。一个或多个预置的弹簧元件170能将触觉元件120连接到底部框架168。弹簧元件170可包括，但不局限于，可变形弹簧、板簧、螺旋弹簧等。可选地，可以使用泡沫衬垫或类似结构预置触觉元件。
操作中，当振荡流从信号源164通过金属振动膜152和压电陶瓷元件160传递时，压电式换能器150能沿z轴移动(从使用者的角度来说能够沿着任何需要角度)。因此，通常仅在金属振动膜152的边缘放置垫片156，用以允许金属振动膜的内部和压电陶瓷元件的移动。压电陶瓷元件160能推动底部框架168，导致金属振动膜152推动垫片156，从而推动触觉元件120。这样能推动触觉元件120沿z方向远离底部框架168，而弹簧元件170能在接触部分提供回弹力，从而使接触元件能够返回中间位置。当压电式换能器在相反的方向做类似运动时，如振荡信号指示的方向，促使触觉元件120朝着底部框架168的方向移动。接触部分因此沿着z轴方向振荡并向接触触觉元件120的使用者提供触觉感应。
在一些实施例中，能够选择实施例的组件从而提供更有效的触觉感应。例如，如果压电式换能器150在机械系统(包括压电式换能器本身)固有频率附近的频率振荡，能输出更强的推动力和更有效的触觉感应。这个移动的机械系统的固有频率能近似地表示为k1加上k2除以m的平方根，如下所示：
fn ≈ ( k 1 + k 2 ) / m
其中fn是固有频率，k1是压电式换能器150的金属振动膜的152的弹性系数，k2是弹簧元件170的弹性系数，m是垫片156、触觉元件120和附加在触觉元件上悬挂部分的总质量。可以选择质量和弹性系数来提供需要的较低的固有频率，例如大约120Hz或者更低，从而能提供更有效的触觉感应。一些情况下，可能需要0Hz到500Hz之间的频率。垫片156能支持多个压电式换能器，譬如并排放置在一起靠在底部框架168上，从而多个压电式换能器能一齐驱动提供更强的触觉效果或在不同的时候在触觉元件120的特定位置提供感应。
可选的实施例中，压电式换能器和垫片能颠倒过来，从而垫片156接触底部框架168，金属振动膜152放置在垫片156上，压电陶瓷元件160金属振动膜上，当驱动信号振荡时，压电陶瓷元件直接作用在触觉元件120或者连接到触觉元件的衬垫上。在其他的实施例中，压电陶瓷元件160能和触觉元件直接连接，但触觉效果通常较差。
在一些情况下，几种类型触觉效果的输出对于使用者来说是模糊且不清晰的，而主要为较高频率的触觉感应可能更易于察觉。实施例中，一种有效的触觉感应是相对高频“环”(relatively high frequency“ringing”)效果。利用调幅技术，使用设计在一定理想频率共振的激励源提供宽频谱的频率。例如，通过调制由诸如一个大的压电陶瓷共鸣器之类的调谐共振激励源产生的250Hz的固有频率能够产生25Hz的强制(compelling)频率方波。这种调制机制可能仅仅依赖于激励源调谐的环境和需要驱动的物体。在一些实施例中，可以使用某些类型的振动隔离系统，来保持触觉感应限制在触觉元件，而不是允许触觉感应在电子设备框架的其他部分消散于共振模式之中。
驱动装置140的一种实施例能产生接近于共振频率的载波频率来驱动激励源。驱动装置140能调制载波频率，产生多种不同特征幅度和频率的感应。在其他的实施例中，驱动装置140能提供具有或接近固有频率fn的原始振荡载波信号，且如果可用(例如调整幅度到所需值来提供所需频率或效果)，能使用有效包络(effect envelop)调制载波信号，并用调制后的信号驱动放大器，从而驱动压电式换能器150。正弦波载波信号，而不是方波或其他波形，在这类实施例中被用于产生图4描述的通常更加需要的实施例中较为安静的触觉效果。
本发明实施例的一些典型的实现方案将在这里描述。
图5图示了手持金属探测器200的例子，使用者持有该探测器并在需要探测金属的物体或区域上移动。在把手区域202安置触觉元件120，从而使用者在握紧金属探测设备的时候与触觉元件120接触。
在一种实施例中，金属探测器200通过传输到触觉元件的触觉感应向使用者传递状态信息。典型地，触觉感应以触觉元件120的无声振动的形式存在。“无声”意味着触觉感应不可能被典型的工作环境中正常距离内的其他人察觉到。
在应用中，本发明的实施例能将触觉元件120结合在用于安全检查站的手持金属探测器的把手内。现有的手持金属探测器利用声音反馈通知操作者是否在目标物体的主体上探测到金属，或者提供金属探测器的可视和可听振动。传统的声音反馈的问题在于它提醒了目标物体已探测到金属。如果该物体试图隐藏刀或枪，则该物体知道它们已被探测到，可以立刻逃离现场。利用仅向与触觉元件接触的金属探测器操作者的手指或手掌传递的离散的触觉提示代替声音提示，状态信息能在不危及信息保密性的条件下传送。
触觉提示可以是振动提示，发出信号通知检测到金属。在一些实施例中，振动的幅度可以表明金属探测信号的强度。作为选择，也可以利用振动触觉感应的频率作为表示金属探测信号强度的提示。在其他的实施例中，可以混合使用幅度和频率的组合。如果金属探测装置支持，其他的实施例还可以提供不同幅度的脉冲和振动，用以表明检测到的特定种类的物体或金属。
除了提供表明金属的触觉提示，向金属探测器或其他手持安全设备200的使用者报告的状态提示还有低电量警告，用于提示驱动探测器的电池电量低。触觉元件120能通过特定幅度和频率的振动提示发出电量低的信号，或者通过按照一定时间排列的一系列提示(例如脉冲)来发出信号。例如，利用2秒间隔的一系列高频脉冲提示使用者电量低的状态。
在其他的实施例中，向使用者传递状态信息的电子设备包括汽车警报遥控器300。当使用者利用远程无键遥控锁住或开启汽车的时候，从汽车发出高声的蜂鸣，提示警报的状态和/或车门锁的状态。这也向周围的人发出汽车锁住或开锁的状态信号。在某些情况下，使用者可能不希望别人知道这些状态。
图6图示了遥控300的例子。遥控允许使用者远程锁住或开启接收到该遥控发出的特定无线电磁信号(例如无线电信号、红外信号等)的车辆的车门。典型地，使用者按下或激活遥控上的按钮或者其他控制器302。如图6所示，在遥控的框架表面安置触觉元件120，向持有遥控的使用者的手指或手掌提供触觉感应并提示汽车警报的状态。例如，可以使用确认触觉脉冲或振动作为提示。使用不同的频率或幅度来表明汽车的状态(例如已锁住或已开锁)。在一些实施例中，汽车或遥控不需要输出蜂鸣音，从而能允许使用者私下确定车辆锁住或开锁的状态。一种触觉感应输出提示锁住状态，另一种触觉感应输出提示开锁状态。例如，可使用不同频率和/或幅度的振动。此外，在一些实施例中，当使用者操作遥控请求相关信息时，不同类型的触觉感应输出提示车辆的其他状态，例如车辆汽油是充满、半空还是接近耗尽，车辆的油位(oil level)等。遥控的任何可视或可听的输出可以通过触觉元件提供为无声的触觉感应。
在其他的一些实施例中，传递状态信息的电子设备可以是用于商店、邮局、零售店、医药工厂或其他类似工厂的条形码扫描器400，其中物体上的条形码用于读取存货清单、价格或类似的信息。通常，操作员将手持条形码扫描器400对准一件商品或其他物体，用于读取物体上的条形码。因为使用者需要确认成功读取条形码，通常使用蜂鸣声向使用者通知此类状态。由于该提示是可听的，当工作在近距离的其他操作者使用类似电子设备的时候操作者有时会混淆。例如，在零售店中收银员集中在较近距离，都使用条形码扫描器，从其他条形码扫描器发出的噪音经常使收银员混淆。在嘈杂的环境中操作者不能清晰地听到声音提示，例如在嘈杂的、正在核对或识别存货清单的商店或者工厂中，这类问题相当棘手。类似地，这也可能发生在正在处理包裹的嘈杂的邮局。
本发明的实施例能用无声的触觉提示代替或者补充声音提示。图7图示了手持条形码扫描器400的例子，其中使用者用他或她的手握紧条形码扫描器的某个区域(例如手柄402)，移动设备另一端的扫描传感区，对准条形码图案感应条形码信息。如图7所示，在手柄402部分安置触觉元件120，提供离散的触觉提示。向条形码扫描器使用者的手指或手掌传递的触觉提示可以是短促的振动，例如，用以提示成功读取条形码。
这样的确认提示可以提高条形码扫描器的工作效率，因为通常操作者可能重复触发或激活条形码扫描器，试图成功读取。一些实施例中，使用不同频率和/或幅度的振动信号来传递多种状态信息。例如，成功扫描(例如正确读取条形码信息)与失败扫描可以使用不同幅度和/或频率的触觉提示。或者降价物品与特定幅度/频率提示相关联。例如，在存货清单环境中，特定触觉提示(幅度或频率)能够提示操作者该特定扫描物品“缺货”或“库存少”。在零售环境中，特定的触觉提示能够提示操作者该特定扫描物品打折或“降价(on sale)”。在邮局，特定的触觉提示能够提示操作者物品的“优先级”或者是否“延误”或者物品是否贴有“易碎”或“危险”的标志。
在其他的实施例中，手持(或者其他使用者接触方式)电子设备可以是确认此人是否获得访问授权的指纹扫描器或视网膜扫描器，或者身份证扫描器。触觉元件可以放置在使用者接触的任何合适的位置，例如，把手、扶手等。识别未授权人的提示可以是传递给操作者的无声触觉感应，例如产生特定幅度或频率的振动，提示匹配失败或授权匹配。
在另一实施例中，传递状态信息的电子设备可能是武器，例如枪或眩晕枪(stun-gun)。目前没有合适的方法使这样武器的操作者在不观察设备的情况下获得状态信息。通常，在危险的对抗中查看武器确认是否还有弹药(或眩晕枪的电力)是困难、不便或不安全的。
本发明允许不需要使用者观察武器而传递触觉状态信息。触觉元件可以安置在枪手柄的前端、侧面或后部，例如，类似于上面描述的条形码扫描器。例如，状态信息可以是一系列脉冲用以表明弹药剩余量。或者，状态信息可以是振动，其幅度或者频率表明眩晕枪剩余的电量。状态信息也可以传递与枪“保险装置”打开或关闭(禁止或允许开枪)相关的提示。最后，对于仅在特定使用者持有时才工作的“智能武器”，触觉状态信息可包括表明武器已识别正确使用者且授权开枪的提示。例如，这可以是对使用者指纹的确认，表示该指纹正确识别为属于该武器正确的使用者。
显而易见，许多其他的电子设备能够实现本发明触觉反馈组件的实施例。上面的实施例只不过是一些例子，不应当限制本发明的范围。例如，其他的电子设备包括，但不局限于，蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、医疗设备、测量工具、电压表、电流探针、连通性探测器、连续性探测器或类似设备。例如，“数字式水平面(digital level)”可在设备放置在0°水平或在规定角度(如30°或45°)时提供触觉提示，从而允许木匠或机械师在没有声音中断或视觉关注的情况下获得关于水平面信息。
同样，其他例子中，电工技师使用在探针手柄处装备触觉反馈能力的连通性探针，可以获得表明电路两点是否连通的触觉提示。提示的频率和/或幅度可以表明这两点间电路的电阻。类似地，装备触觉提示的电压计可以用不同频率或幅度的触觉提示通知接有5伏电压或接地的情况。此外，电压等级还可以和频率和/或幅度提示的范围相对应。
尽管本发明已经描述了一些实施例，但对于本领域技术人员来说，在阅读说明书和研究附图后，可考虑到其显而易见的变更、置换和同等物。例如，一种实施例中描述的许多特性可以交换地使用在其他的实施例上。此外，为描述清晰，使用了特定术语，但并非限制本发明。

Claims (23)

1.一种电子设备，包括：
包含使用者可接触区域的框架；
连接到所述使用者可接触区域的触觉元件；和
连接到所述触觉元件且能向所述触觉元件输出局部触觉感应的激励源。
2.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述激励源向所述触觉元件输出力，使所述触觉元件沿着所述触觉元件接触表平面横向地移动。
3.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述激励源向所述触觉元件输出力，使所述触觉元件基本上垂直于所述触觉元件接触表平面移动。
4.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述激励源是固态元件。
5.如权利要求4所述的电子设备，其中，所述激励源包括压电陶瓷激励源。
6.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，进一步包括连接到所述激励源的驱动装置，用以控制所述局部触觉感应的传递。
7.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括手持金属探测器、遥控器、条形码扫描器或手持武器。
8.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述框架的所述使用者可接触区域是把柄或把手。
9.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述触觉感应是可控脉冲。
10.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述触觉感应是周期力感应。
11.如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其中，所述周期力感应包含正弦波、方波、上锯齿波、下锯齿波或者三角波。
12.如权利要求1所述的电子设备，进一步包括连接到所述触觉元件的探测器，所述探测器可设置用于检测使用者何时接触所述触觉元件。
13.如权利要求12所述的电子设备，其中，在所述探测器检测到使用者没有接触所述触觉元件时，所述探测器被设置用于阻止所述触觉感应的输出。
14.一种触觉反馈组件，包括：
包含触觉元件的使用者可接触区域；和
连接到所述触觉元件、允许向所述触觉元件输出触觉感应的激励源。
15.如权利要求14所述的触觉反馈组件，包括产生用于驱动所述激励源的驱动信号的驱动装置。
16.如权利要求14所述的触觉反馈组件，其中，所述激励源向所述触觉元件输出力，使所述触觉元件基本上垂直于所述触觉元件接触表平面移动。
17.如权利要求14所述的触觉反馈组件，其中，所述激励源是固态元件。
18.如权利要求14所述的触觉反馈组件，其中，所述激励源包括压电陶瓷激励源。
19.如权利要求1所述的触觉反馈组件，其中，所述电子设备包括手持金属探测器、遥控器、条形码扫描器或手持武器。
20.如权利要求14所述的触觉反馈组件，进一步包括驱动装置，其中，所述驱动装置连接到所述激励源，用以控制所述局部触觉感应的传递。
21.一种用于向使用者传递局部触觉感应的电子设备，包括：
框架；
向使用者传递局部触觉感应的触觉设备，其中，所述触觉设备连接到使用者接触的所述框架区域；和
向接触所述触觉设备的使用者输出所述局部触觉感应的激励设备。
22.如权利要求21所述的电子设备，其中，所述用户接触的框架区域是把柄或把手。
23.如权利要求21所述的电子设备，进一步包括用于产生驱动信号的驱动设备。
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US10198079B2 (en) 2019-02-05
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US9360937B2 (en) 2016-06-07
US20080117166A1 (en) 2008-05-22
US8739033B2 (en) 2014-05-27
US20100325931A1 (en) 2010-12-30
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US20180267611A1 (en) 2018-09-20
KR20100057903A (ko) 2010-06-01
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US20140125470A1 (en) 2014-05-08
KR20090082519A (ko) 2009-07-30

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