CN1538992A - 含有聚烯烃添加剂的阻燃聚酯模塑材料 - Google Patents
含有聚烯烃添加剂的阻燃聚酯模塑材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1538992A CN1538992A CNA028130472A CN02813047A CN1538992A CN 1538992 A CN1538992 A CN 1538992A CN A028130472 A CNA028130472 A CN A028130472A CN 02813047 A CN02813047 A CN 02813047A CN 1538992 A CN1538992 A CN 1538992A
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 58
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
本发明涉及阻燃,优选无卤素、热塑性模塑材料,它含有一种或多种聚酯、一种由含磷化合物、含氮化合物和聚烯烃化合物组成的组合阻燃剂,该组合阻燃剂单独或与硫化锌一起使用。另外,本发明还涉及此种模塑材料用于制造模塑制品、薄膜或纤维的应用以及该模塑制品、薄膜或纤维。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃,优选无卤素的热塑性模塑配混料,它含有一种或多种聚酯、一种包含含磷化合物、含氮化合物和聚烯烃化合物的组合阻燃剂,该阻燃剂单独或与硫化锌一起使用。另外,本发明还涉及此种模塑配混料用于制造模塑制品、薄膜或纤维的应用以及该模塑制品、薄膜和纤维本身。
阻燃聚酯模塑配混料在电气/电子领域占有很重要的地位,在这些领域中它们尤其用于制造带电部分的支持件。此种零部件需要具有良好机械性能和电阻以及良好阻燃能力。一项特殊要求是无卤素模塑配混料的制备。过去,在这方面已取得一些进展。
譬如,JP-A 3-281 652公开含有蜜胺氰尿酸加成物和磷酸酯或膦酸酯以及附加填料作为阻燃剂的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯树脂。JP-A 6-157 880公开增强的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯,含有氰尿酸蜜胺和磷化合物作为阻燃剂。JP-A 9-157 503公开阻燃的聚酯组合物,含有氰尿酸蜜胺、磷酸酯和特殊脱模剂。一种含蜜胺焦磷酸酯和磷酸酯低聚物组合的阻燃、增强聚酯零部件公开在EP-A 903 370中。WO00/11085公开含有氰尿酸蜜胺、磷酸酯、填料和特殊脱模剂的聚酯模塑配混料。WO 00/11071公开含有氮化合物、磷化合物、金属盐和稳定剂的聚酯组合物。
然而,迄今仍迫切需要一种无卤素、阻燃聚酯模塑配混料,它具有改进的机械性能如冲击强度以及,特别是外侧纤维伸长,乃至良好阻燃性。
现已惊奇地发现,含有一种含磷化合物与含氮化合物以及聚烯烃配合物和可能的硫化锌的组合作为阻燃剂的聚酯模塑配混料具有所要求的性能。硫化锌的附加使用,据发现,能进一步改进模塑配混料的机械性能。
因而本发明的主题是一种模塑配混料,它含有:
A)一种或多种聚酯
B)10~40wt%,优选15~26wt%,尤其优选18~23wt%阻燃剂组分,该组分包含:
B.1)一种或多种氮化合物以及
B.2)通式(I)的磷化合物
其中
R1、R2、R3和R4各自彼此独立地代表可任选地卤化的C1~C8烷基,或C5~C6环烷基、C6~C20芳基或C7~C12芳烷基,每一种可任选地取代上烷基,优选C1~C4烷基,和/或取代上卤素,优选氯或溴,或者优选代表苯基
n彼此独立地是0或1;优选1
N是0~50,优选0~20之间的平均值,尤其优选0~10,特别是0~6
X是一种具有单或多环并具有6~30个碳原子的芳族基团,由二酚,优选二苯基苯酚、双酚A,间苯二酚或氢醌及其氯化或溴化衍生物衍生而来,
C)0.05~1.5wt%,优选0.1~0.7wt%,尤其优选0.15~0.45wt%聚烯烃蜡,
D)0~5wt%,优选0~4wt%,尤其优选0~3.5wt%硫化锌以及
E)0~50wt%,优选10~40wt%,尤其优选10~35wt%一种或多种填料和增强剂,
F)0~40wt%,相对于整个组合物而言,其他添加剂,
这些组分的含量之和等于100wt%。
组分A)聚酯首先是聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯,即,优选芳族二羧酸或其活性衍生物(例如,二甲酯或酸酐)与脂族、环脂族或芳脂族二醇的反应产物以及这些反应产物的混合物,其次是完全芳族的聚酯,后者将在下面更详细地描述。
聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯按已知方法由对苯二甲酸(或其活性衍生物)与有2~10个碳原子的脂族或环脂族二醇来制备(《塑料手册》卷VIII,pp.695起,Karl Hanser出版社,慕尼黑1973)。
优选的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯含有至少80,优选90mol%对苯二甲酸残基,相对于二羧酸而言,以及至少80,优选至少90mol%乙二醇的和/或丙二醇-1,3的和/或丁二醇-1,4的残基,相对于二醇组分而言。
除了对苯二甲酸残基之外,优选的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯还可包含最高20mol%有8~14个碳原子的其他芳族二羧酸或有4~12个碳原子的脂族二羧酸的残基,例如,邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、萘-2,6-二甲酸、4,4’-联苯二甲酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、壬二酸或环己烷二乙酸的残基。
除了乙二醇和/或丙二醇-1,3和/或丁二醇-1,4等二醇残基之外,优选的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯可包含最高20mol%有3~12个碳原子的其他脂族二醇或有6~21个碳原子的环脂族二醇,例如以下化合物的残基,丙二醇-1,3、2-乙基丙二醇-1,3、新戊二醇、戊二醇-1,5、己二醇-1,6、环己烷二甲醇-1,4、3-甲基戊二醇-2,4、2-甲基戊二醇-2,4、2,2,4-三甲基戊二醇-1,3和1,6,2-乙基己二醇-1,3、2,2-二乙基丙二醇-1,3、己二醇-2,5、1,4-二(β-羟基乙氧基)-苯、2,2-双(4-羟基环己基)-丙烷、2,4-二羟基-1,1,3,3-四甲基环丁烷、2,2-双(3-β-羟基乙氧基苯基)-丙烷和2,2-双(4-羟基丙氧基苯基)-丙烷(DE-OS 24 07 674、24 07 776、27 15 932)。
聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯可通过结合进较少量三或四羟基醇或三或四元羧酸而支化,例如描述在DE-OS 19 00 270和US-PS 3 692 744中。某些优选支化剂的例子是1,3,5-苯三酸、三羟甲基乙烷和三羟甲基丙烷以及季戊四醇。
建议使用不超过1mol%支化剂,相对于酸组分而言。
尤其优选的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯是唯一地由对苯二甲酸及其活性衍生物(例如,其二烷基酯)与乙二醇和/或丙二醇-1,3和/或丁二醇-1,4制备者(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、丙二醇酯、丁二醇酯)以及这些聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯的混合物。在本发明中,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和其乙二醇酯的混合物是尤其优选的。
其他优选的聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯是由至少两种上面提到的酸组分和/或至少两种上面提到的醇组分制备的共聚聚酯;尤其优选的共聚聚酯是聚对苯二甲酸(乙二醇/丁二醇-1,4)酯。
聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯的特性粘度一般介于约0.4~1.5,优选0.5~1.3,每种情况均在苯酚/邻二氯苯(1∶1重量份)中、25℃下测定。
也适合的完全芳族聚酯是芳族二羧酸或其活性衍生物与对应芳族二羟基化合物的反应产物。
使用的芳族二羧酸可以是当描述聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯时已经讨论过的化合物。5~100mol%间苯二甲酸与0~95mol%对苯二甲酸的混合物是优选的,尤其是从约80%对苯二甲酸与20%间苯二甲酸的混合物到这两种酸的大致等当量的混合物之间者。
还可使用的芳族二羟基化合物可由下面的通式(II)描述
其中
Z代表最高8个碳原子的亚烷基或亚环烷基基团、最高12个碳原子的亚芳基基团、羰基基团、氧或硫原子、磺酰基团或化学键以及
m具有0~2的数值。
这些化合物每个可在其亚苯基单元上带有C1~C6-烷基或烷氧基基团以及氟、氯或溴作为取代基。
可举出下列化合物作为这些物质的代表:二羟苯基、二(羟苯基)链烷、二(羟苯基)环烷、二(羟苯基)硫醚、二(羟苯基)醚、二(羟苯基)酮、二(羟苯基)亚砜、二(羟苯基)、α,α’-二(羟苯基)二烷基苯、二(羟苯基)砜、二(羟基苯甲酰)苯、间苯二酚、氢醌及其带有烷基化或卤化环的衍生物。
上述类别当中,优选4,4’-二羟基联苯、2,4-二(4’-羟苯基)-2-甲基丁烷、α,α’-二(4-羟苯基)-对二异丙基苯、2,2-二(3’-甲基-4’-羟苯基)丙烷和2,2-二(3’-氯-4’-羟苯基)丙烷。
下面是特别优选的:2,2-二(3’,5’-二甲基-4’-羟苯基)-丙烷、2,2-二(4’-羟苯基)丙烷、4,4’-二羟基二苯砜、2,2-二(3’,5-二氯二羟苯基)丙烷、1,1-二(4’-羟苯基)-环己烷和3,4’-二羟基二苯酮。
所述二醇化合物的混合物也可使用。
除了采用纯对苯二甲酸链烷二醇酯和纯完全芳族聚酯之外,也可使用其任意混合物以及下列聚酯的任意混合物。
“聚酯”应理解为包括聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯。
聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯乃是文献中已知的或者可按照文献中已知的方法制备(关于聚碳酸酯的制备例如可参见Schnell,《聚碳酸酯化学与物理》Interscience出版社,1964和DE-A 1 495 626、DE-A 2232 877、DE-A 2 703 376、DE-A 2 714 544、DE-A 3 000 610、DE-A3 832 396;有关聚酯碳酸酯的制备例如可参见DE-A 3 077 934)。
芳族聚碳酸酯例如可这样制备:通过二酚与碳酸的酰卤,优选光气和/或与芳族二羧酸的二酰卤,优选苯二甲酸二酰卤,按相界面法进行反应,任选地采用链终止剂如一元酚和可能采用三官能或三官能以上支化剂如三酚或四酚。
制备芳族聚碳酸酯和/或芳族聚酯碳酸酯的二酚优选是通式(III)的那些
其中
A代表单键、C1~C5亚烷基、C2~C5烷叉、C5~C6环烷叉、-O-、-SO-、-CO-、-S-、-SO2-、C6~C12亚芳基,后者上可稠合上另外的芳环,该环可能含有杂原子,或者通式(IV)或(V)的基团
B每种情况代表C1~C12烷基,优选甲基或卤素,优选氯和/或溴,
x每种情况彼此独立地是0、1或2,
p是1或0以及
R1和R2,对每个X1可单独地选择并彼此独立地是氢或C1~C6烷基,优选氢、甲基或乙基,
X1是碳以及
m是4~7的整数,优选4或5,条件是在至少一个X1原子上R1和R2同时是烷基。
优选的二酚是氢醌、间苯二酚、二羟基二酚、双(羟苯基)-C1~C5链烷、双(羟苯基)-C5~C6-环烷、双(羟苯基)醚、双(羟苯基)亚砜、双(羟苯基)酮、双(羟苯基)砜和α,α-双(羟苯基)-二异丙基苯及其具有溴化和/或氯化环的衍生物。
尤其优选的二酚是4、4’-二羟基联苯、双酚-A、2,4-双(4-羟苯基)-2-甲基丁烷、1,1-双(4-羟苯基)-环己烷、1,1-双(4-羟苯基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、4,4’-二羟基二苯硫醚、4,4’-二羟基二苯砜及其二和四溴化或氯化的衍生物,如2,2-双(3-氯-4羟苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3,5-二氯-4-羟苯基)丙烷或2,2-双(3,5-二溴-4-羟苯基)-丙烷。
2,2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷(双酚-A)是尤其优选的。
二酚可单独使用或以任意混合物形式使用。它们是文献中已知的或者可按照文献中已知的方法制取。
适合生产该热塑性芳族聚碳酸酯的链终止剂例如是苯酚、对氯苯酚、对叔丁基苯酚或2,4,6-三溴苯酚,但也包括长链烷基酚,例如,按照DE-A 2 842 005的4-(1,3-四甲基丁基)苯酚,或者烷基取代基中总共有8~20个碳原子的单烷基酚或二烷基酚,例如,3,5-二叔丁基苯酚、对异辛基苯酚、对叔辛基苯酚、对十二烷基苯酚和2-(3,5-二甲基庚基)-苯酚和4-(3,5-二甲基庚基)-苯酚。链终止剂的用量一般介于0.5~10mol%,相对于所用二酚的总摩尔数而言。
该热塑性、芳族聚碳酸酯的重均分子量(Mw,例如按超离心或光散射测定法测定)介于10,000~200,000,优选20,000~80,000。
热塑性芳族聚碳酸酯可按已知方式支化,优选通过结合进0.05~2.0mol%相对于二酚总用量而言,三官能或三官能以上化合物,例如,具有三或更多个酚基团的化合物。
均聚碳酸酯和共聚碳酸酯都适合。为生产本发明共聚碳酸酯,可使用1~25wt%,优选2.5~25wt%(相对于二酚总用量而言)具有羟基-芳氧端基基团的聚二有机硅氧烷。它们是已知的(例如参见US-A 3419 634)或者可按照文献中已知的方法制取。含聚二有机硅氧烷的共聚碳酸酯的制备描述在,例如,DE-A 3 334 782中。
除了双酚-A均聚碳酸酯之外也优选的聚碳酸酯是,具有最高15mol%,相对于二酚总摩尔数而言,除作为优选或尤其优选所提到的那些以外的二酚,尤其是2,2-双(3,5-二溴-4-羟苯基)丙烷,的双酚A的共聚碳酸酯。
制备芳族聚酯碳酸酯用的芳族二羧酸的二酰卤的某些例子是间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、二苯醚-4,4’-二甲酸和萘-2,6-二甲酸的二酰氯。
间苯二甲酸与对苯二甲酸的二酰氯按照1∶20~20∶1比例的混合物是尤其优选的。
聚酯碳酸酯的制备期间,另外还同时使用碳酸的酰卤,优选光气,作为双官能酸衍生物。
可考虑用于制备芳族聚酯碳酸酯的链终止剂,除了上面已经提到一元酚之外,还包括其氯代碳酸酯和芳族一元羧酸的酰氯,又可以取代上C1~C22烷基基团或取代上卤素原子,以及脂族C2~C22一元羧酸酰氯。
链终止剂的用量介于0.1~10mol%,相对于二酚的摩尔数,在酚链终止剂的情况下,或者相对于二羧酸二酰氯的摩尔数,在单羧酸酰氯链终止剂的情况下。
芳族聚酯碳酸酯还可包含芳族羟基羧酸作为结构单元。
芳族聚酯碳酸酯既可以是线型的又可以按已知方式支化(还可参见DE-A 2 940 024和DE-A 3 007 934)。支化剂可以是,例如,三或多官能羧酸酰氯,例如,1,3,5-苯三酸三酰氯、氰尿酸三酰氯、3,3’-4,4’-二苯酮-四甲酸四酰氯、1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸四酰氯或1,2,4,5-苯四酸四酰氯,按照0.01~1.0mol%的用量(相对于二羧酸二酰氯的用量而言)或者三或多官能酚,例如,间苯三酚、4,6-二甲基-2,4,6-三(4-羟苯基)庚烯、2,4,4-二甲基-2,4,6-三(4-羟苯基)庚烷、1,3,5-三(4-羟苯基)苯、1,1,1-三(4-羟苯基)乙烷、三(4-羟苯基)苯甲烷、2,2-双[4,4-双(4-羟苯基)-环己基]丙烷、2,4-双(4-羟苯基-异丙基)-苯酚、四(4-羟苯基)-甲烷、2,6-双(2-羟基-5-甲基-苄基)-4-甲基-苯酚、2-(4-羟苯基)-2-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-丙烷、四(4-[4-羟苯基-异丙基]-苯氧基)-甲烷、1,4-双[(4,4’-二羟基三苯基)-甲基]-苯,按照0.01~1.0mol%相对于二酚用量的数量。酚支化剂可与二酚一起首先加入,而酰氯支化剂可随同酰二氯一起引入。
碳酸酯结构基团在热塑性芳族聚酯碳酸酯中的比例可按要求变化。碳酸酯基团的比例优选最高100mol%,尤其是最高80mol%,尤其优选最高50mol%,相对于酯基团和碳酸酯基团总和而言。芳族聚酯碳酸酯的酯和碳酸酯单元可以嵌段形式存在或者无规地分布在缩聚物中。
芳族聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯的相对溶液粘度(ηrel)介于1.18~1.4,优选1.22~1.3(用0.5g聚碳酸酯或聚酯碳酸酯在100mL二氯甲烷中的溶液在25℃测定)。
热塑性芳族聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯可单独使用或者以任何方式混合在一起使用。
任何已知聚酯嵌段共聚物如共聚醚酯,均可另外使用,如在US-A3,651,014中描述的。
组分B)的加入旨在使聚酯模塑配混料变为阻燃的,组分B)是氮化合物B.1与磷化合物B.2的混合物,二者一起所占比例介于10~40wt%,优选15~26wt%,尤其优选18~23wt%,相对于整个模塑配混料而言。最佳效果是在采用18~23wt%由含氮和含磷化合物组成的防燃混合物时达到的。含氮化合物B.1的比例优选具有7~13wt%,尤其优选9~11wt%,相对于模塑配混料而言。含磷化合物B.2的比例优选介于8~13wt%,尤其优选9~12wt%,还是相对于模塑配混料而言。
合适的氮化合物B.1是蜜胺氰尿酸、蜜胺、硼酸蜜胺、草酸蜜胺酯、磷酸伯蜜胺、磷酸仲蜜胺和焦磷酸仲蜜胺、聚磷酸蜜胺和新戊二醇硼酸蜜胺。胍盐也适合,例如,碳酸胍、氰尿酸伯胍、磷酸伯胍、磷酸仲胍、硫酸伯胍、硫酸仲胍、季戊四醇硼酸胍、新戊二醇硼酸胍、尿素-磷酸酯绿(green)和尿素氰尿酸酯。缩合含氮化合物,例如,蜜勒胺和氰尿酰胺,也可使用。聚磷酸铵和三(羟乙基)异氰尿酸酯也合适,或者后者与羧酸的反应产物、苯胍胺及其加成物或盐,还有其在氮部位取代的产物及其盐和加成物。其他可能的含氮组分是尿囊素化合物,它们与磷酸、硼酸或焦磷酸的盐以及甘脲或其盐。无机含氮化合物如铵盐,也可使用。蜜胺化合物是优选的。
本发明非常优选的氮化合物,氰尿酸蜜胺,应理解为优选等摩尔数量蜜胺与氰尿酸或异氰尿酸的反应产物。尤其包括所有市售产品品级。某些例子特别是MelapurMC 25(DSM Melapur,Heerlen,荷兰)和Budit315(Budenheim,Budenheim,德国)。使用的氰尿酸蜜胺由平均直径0.1~100μm,优选0.1~25μm,尤其优选0.1~7μm的颗粒组成,并且可以用已知介质做表面处理和/或涂布。这些主要包括可以以单体、低聚物和/或聚合物形式施涂到氰尿酸蜜胺上去的有机化合物。例如,可使用基于含硅化合物如有机官能化硅烷或有机硅氧烷的涂层体系。具有无机组分的涂层也是可能的。
氰尿酸蜜胺通常由原料出发在90~100℃的温度的水介质中制取。
阻燃剂中使用的磷化合物B.2)是通式(I)的磷酸酯
其中
R1、R2、R3和R4每一个彼此独立地代表C1~C8烷基,后者任选地卤化,或者代表C5~C6环烷基、C6~C20芳基或C7~C12芳烷基,每种可任选地取代上烷基,优选C1~C4烷基和/或取代上卤素,优选氯或溴,非常优选代表苯基
n彼此独立地是0或1
N是0~50,优选0~20,尤其优选0~10,特别是0~6
X是芳族基团,具有单或多个环并具有6~30个碳原子,由二酚,优选二苯基苯酚、双酚A、间苯二酚或氢醌及其氯化或溴化衍生物衍生而来。
R1、R2、R3和R4优选彼此独立地代表C1~C4烷基、苯基、萘基或苯基-C1~C4烷基。芳族基团R1、R2、R3和R4本身可取代上卤素和/或烷基基团,优选氯、溴和/或C1~C4烷基。尤其优选的芳基基团是甲苯基、苯基、二甲苯基、丙基苯基或丁基苯基。
通式(I)的单磷化合物尤其是磷酸三丁酯、三(2-氯乙基)-磷酸酯、三(2,3-二溴丙基)-磷酸酯、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸二苯基甲苯酯、磷酸二苯基辛酯、磷酸二苯基-2-乙基甲苯酯、三(异丙基苯基)-磷酸酯、磷酸卤代芳基酯、甲基膦酸二甲酯、甲基氧次膦酸二苯酯、苯基膦酸二乙酯、三苯基氧化膦(phosphinic oxide)或三甲苯基氧化膦(phosphinic oxide)。磷酸三苯酯是尤其优选的。另一种优选的磷化合物是双酚-A-联苯-二磷酸酯。
所述磷化合物是已知的(例如参见EP-A 363 608、EP-A 640 655)或可按类似于已知方法的方法制备(例如,《Ullmanns工业化学大全》卷18,自p.301起,1979;Houben Weyl,《有机化学方法》卷12/1,p.43;《Beilstein》,卷6,p.177)。
作为组分C),所包括的聚烯烃化合物是聚烯烃蜡,优选聚丙烯或聚乙烯蜡;聚乙烯蜡又是特别优选的。术语“聚烯烃蜡”广义地指具有似蜡特征的聚烯烃。此种化合物可按本领域技术人员已知的方法制取,或者由烯烃基本单体直接聚合,或者由对应高摩尔质量聚合物经过受控解聚而制成,一般具有低摩尔质量(约3,000~20,000g/mol)。聚烯烃化合物的用量介于0.05~1.5wt%,优选0.1~0.7wt%,尤其优选0.15~0.45wt%。不同聚烯烃的混合物可类似地使用。
如果用硫化锌作为组分D),则其加入量优选介于0.1~4wt%,尤其优选0.4~3.5wt%,相对于整个模塑配混料而言。在本发明某些实施方案中尤其优选使用0.4~1wt%硫化锌。硫化锌一般以粒状固体形式使用。市售供应的某些产品的例子是SachtolithHDS或SachtolithHD(二者都由Sachtleben生产,Duisburg,德国)。使用压实材料和在聚合物载体材料中的母料也是可能的。硫化锌可用已知介质进行表面处理和/或包衣。这些特别包括可以以单体、低聚物和/或聚合物形式施涂的有机化合物。具有无机组分的涂料也是可能的。
例如,可使用基于含硅化合物如有机官能化硅烷、氨基硅烷或有机硅氧烷的涂层体系。
该模塑配混料还包含0~50wt%,优选10~40wt%,尤其优选10~35wt%填料和增强材料,作为组分E)加入。
可以纤维或颗粒形式加入本发明模塑配混料中的填料和增强材料尤其包括玻璃纤维、玻璃珠、玻璃布、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、钛酸钾纤维、天然纤维、无定形硅酸、碳酸镁、硫酸钡、长石、云母、硅酸盐、石英、滑石粉、高岭土、二氧化钛和硅灰石;这些材料也可进行表面处理。优选的增强材料是市售玻璃纤维。它们一般介于8~18μm直径并以连续纤维或切断或者研磨的纤维形式加入。纤维可带有适当施胶体系和粘合剂或基于例如硅烷的粘合体系。
针状矿物填料也适合。在本发明中,针状矿物填料被理解为具有非常明显针状特征的矿物填料。针状硅灰石可作为例子举出。该矿物优选具有8∶1~35∶1,更优选8∶1~11∶1的L/D(长度/直径)。矿物填料可任选地进行表面处理。
组分F:
橡胶弹性聚合物(常常称为冲击性改善剂、弹性体或橡胶)的附加使用在许多情况下可证明对机械性能有利。
一般而言,这些材料是下述的共聚物,优选由至少两种下列单体构成:乙烯、丙烯、丁二烯、异丁烯、异戊二烯、氯丁二烯、醋酸乙烯、苯乙烯、丙烯腈和丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,其醇组分具有1~18个碳原子。
此种类型的聚合物描述在,例如,Houben-Weyl,《有机化学方法》卷14/1(Georg-Thieme出版社,斯图加特,1961),pp.392~406和C.B.Bucknall的论文《增韧塑料》(应用科学出版社,伦敦,1977)。
优选WO 00/46419中所描述的橡胶弹性聚合物。
本发明聚酯可包含其他添加剂,例如,作为防止因热引起分解或交联或因紫外线引起损坏的手段,增塑剂、流动促进剂、加工助剂、阻燃物质、润滑剂和脱模剂、成核剂、抗静电剂、稳定剂和染料及颜料。S被明确排除作为组分F。
某些氧化抑制剂和热稳定剂的例子是空间位阻酚和/或亚磷酸盐(酯),氢醌、芳族仲胺如二苯基胺,这些类别的各种取代的典型及其混合物。
紫外稳定剂可以是各种取代的间苯二酚、水杨酸盐(酯)、苯并三唑和二苯酮。
可加入无机颜料,例如,二氧化钛、群青、氧化铁和炭黑,还有有机颜料,例如,酞菁、喹吖啶酮、苝,以及染料,如苯胺黑和蒽醌作为着色剂,以及其他着色剂。
可使用的成核剂例如是苯基次膦酸钠、氧化铝、二氧化硅,优选滑石粉。
其他优选这里没有特别提到的无卤素的磷化合物,可以单独使用或者以任何方式与其他,优选地无卤素的磷化合物组合起来使用。这些还包括纯粹无机磷化合物,如磷酸硼水合物或元素的,优选红磷。
通常使用的润滑剂和脱模剂是酯蜡、季戊四醇的四硬脂酸酯(PETS)、长链脂肪酸(例如,硬脂酸或二十二烷酸)、其盐(例如钙或锌的硬脂酸盐)和酰胺衍生物(例如,亚乙基-双-硬脂酰胺)或蒙旦蜡(链长28~32个碳原子的直链饱和羧酸的混合物)。
增塑剂的某些例子是邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二苄酯、邻苯二甲酸丁·苄酯、烃油和N-(正丁基)苯磺酰胺。
下面将参考某些具体实施例进一步解释本发明。
实例
组分A/1 PBT Pocan B 1300 00/000(拜尔公司,Leverkusen,
德国)
组分A/2 PBT Pocan B 1600(拜尔公司,Leverkusen,德国)
组分A/3 PET R10(Agfa,Mortsel,比利时)
组分B.1 氰尿酸蜜胺(Melapur MC 25,DSM-Melapur,
Heerlen,荷兰)
组分B.2 磷酸三苯酯(Disflamoll TP,拜尔公司,
Leverkusen,德国)
组分C 聚烯烃蜡 A(BASF AG,Ludwigshafen,
德国)
组分D ZnS(SachtolithHDS,Sachtleben,Duisburg,德国)
组分E/1 短切的玻璃丝(CS 7962,拜尔公司,Leverkusen,
德国)
组分F1 Microtalc RP-6(拜尔公司,Leverkusen,德国)
添加剂1 蒙里二醇蜡(E-wax,Hoechst,Frankfurt a.M.,
德国)
添加剂F3 稳定剂 10% 母料 in Pocan B 1300 00/000(拜尔
公司,Leverkusen,德国)
诸单个组分按照规定比例在Werner & Pfleiderer生产的双螺杆挤出机,型号ZSK 32中在260℃的温度下混合,挤出为线料并在冷却至必要温度后造粒。当粒料干燥后,将它们在260℃的温度下加工以形成标准试样,从这些试样测定机械、电气和燃烧性能。
塑料的阻燃性按照UL94V方法进行测定(参见,a),保险业实验安全标准,“装置和仪表中零件用塑料的可燃性试验”,pp.14起,Northbrook 1998;b)J.Troitzsch,《国际塑料可燃性手册》pp.346起,Hanser出版社,慕尼黑1990)。这些试验评估ASTM标准试样的燃烧时间和滴落作用。
一种阻燃塑料达到UL94V-0可燃性等级,它必须满足下面的标准:在5个ASTM标准试样(尺寸:127×12.7×X,其中X=3.2;1.6和0.8mm)一组中,不得有一个试样在规定高度的明火火焰施加于其上两次,每次10s之后,燃烧超过10s。当对5个试样施加火焰10次时,燃烧时间的总和不得超过50s。另外,每个有关试样不得滴淌燃烧物质,不得完全烧掉且不得具有超过30s的余烬时间。要达到UL94V-1可燃性等级,各单个燃烧时间不得超过30s并且当对5个试样施加火焰10次后,燃烧时间的总和不得超过250s。余烬时间总和不得超过250s。其他标准与上面提到的相同。如果试样滴淌燃烧物质但满足了UL94V-1其他标准,则获得UL94V-2可燃性等级。
聚合物配混料的机械性能按照ISO 527拉伸试验(采用哑铃试样)、ISO 178弯曲试验(采用扁平试样80mm×10mm×4mm)和伊佐德挠曲冲击试验(ISO 180,采用扁平试样80mm×10mm×4mm)。
表1
组分 | 对比1 | 对比2 | 实例1 | 实例2 | 实例3 |
A/1 | 28.7 | 28.2 | 28.7 | 27.7 | 9.7 |
A/2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 17.0 |
A/3 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
B.1 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
B.2 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 |
C | -- | -- | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
D | -- | -- | -- | 1.0 | 1.0 |
添加剂F2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | -- | -- | -- |
添加剂F3* | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
E | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 |
F1 | -- | 0.5 | -- | -- | -- |
UL 94(1.6mm) | n.s. | n.s. | V-2 | V-2 | V-2 |
伊佐德冲击强度(ISO180/1U 23℃) | 32kJ/m2 | 36kJ/m2 | 44kJ/m2 | 49kJ/m2 | 48kJ/m2 |
在挠曲强度下外侧纤维伸长 | 2.81% | 3.32% | 3.66% | 3.89% | 3.94% |
n.s.=不合格
*10%浓缩物(母料),在Pocan130000/000中
上表所载试验结果证明,本发明模塑配混料具有良好冲击强度和外侧纤维伸长以及要求的阻燃性,而比较例1和2则阻燃性不足且机械特性也逊色得多。本发明(实例1)模塑配混料的操作机械性能水平可通过加入硫化锌进一步提高(参见实例2和3)。
Claims (15)
1.一种模塑材料,它含有:
A)一种或多种聚酯
B)10~40wt%相对于整个组合物而言,阻燃剂组分,该组分包含氮化合物B.1)和通式(I)的磷化合物B.2)
其中
R1、R2、R3和R4各自彼此独立地代表可任选地卤化的C1~C8烷基,或C5~C6环烷基、C6~C20芳基或C7~C12芳烷基,每一种可任选地取代上烷基和/或取代上卤素,
n彼此独立地是0或1,
N是0~50,以及
X是一种具有单或多环并具有6~30个碳原子的芳族基团,由二酚衍生而来,
C)0.05~1.5wt%相对于整个组合物而言,聚烯烃蜡,
D)0~5wt%相对于整个组合物而言,硫化锌
E)0~50wt%,相对于整个组合物而言,一种或多种填料和增强剂,以及
F)0~40wt%,相对于整个组合物而言,其他添加剂,
这些组分的含量之和总计为100wt%。
2.权利要求1的模塑材料,其特征在于,组分A)是聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯或多种聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯的混合物。
3.权利要求1的模塑材料,其特征在于,组分A)是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或这些化合物的混合物。
4.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,阻燃剂组分B)的含量介于整个组合物的15~26wt%。
5.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,氮化合物B.1)的含量介于整个组合物的7~13wt%。
6.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,磷化合物B.2)的含量介于整个组合物的8~13wt%。
7.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,聚烯烃蜡的含量介于整个组合物的0.1~0.7wt%。
8.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,硫化锌的含量介于整个组合物的0.1~4wt%。
9.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,氮化合物B.1)是蜜胺氰尿酸酯。
10.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,磷化合物B.2)是磷酸三苯酯。
11.以上权利要求中一项或多项的模塑材料,其特征在于,磷化合物B.2)是双酚-A-双-磷酸二苯酯。
12.以上权利要求中任何一项的模塑材料,还包含其他添加剂,选自防止因热引起分解或交联或因紫外线引起损坏的手段,增塑剂、流动促进剂、加工助剂、阻燃物质、润滑剂和脱模剂、成核剂、抗静电剂、稳定剂、冲击性改善剂和染料及颜料。
13.以上权利要求中任何一项的模塑配混料,还包含玻璃纤维。
14.权利要求1~13的模塑配混料用于制造模塑制品、薄膜或纤维的应用。
15.可由权利要求1~13的模塑配混料制取的模塑制品、薄膜或纤维。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10130832A DE10130832A1 (de) | 2001-06-27 | 2001-06-27 | Flammwidrige Polyesterformmassen mit Polyolefinadditiven |
DE10130832.9 | 2001-06-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1538992A true CN1538992A (zh) | 2004-10-20 |
Family
ID=7689539
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CNA028130472A Pending CN1538992A (zh) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-14 | 含有聚烯烃添加剂的阻燃聚酯模塑材料 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030083409A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1409587A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004530787A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040022435A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1538992A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0210615A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2451470A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10130832A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA03011402A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003002664A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200309855B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN115651315A (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-01-31 | 四川帕沃可矿物纤维制品集团有限公司 | 一种玄武岩纤维增强的注塑用改性聚丙烯材料 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2864098B1 (fr) * | 2003-12-19 | 2007-08-31 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Systeme ignifugeant a base de composes du phosphore et composition polymerique ignifugee |
US20060100330A1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-11 | Natarajan Kavilipalayam M | Composition for use in forming an article |
US7375167B2 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2008-05-20 | Basf Se | Hydrolysis-resistance composition |
KR20080112363A (ko) * | 2006-04-04 | 2008-12-24 | 디에스엠 아이피 어셋츠 비.브이. | 할로겐 무함유 난연제 폴리에스터 조성물 |
DE102008041918A1 (de) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-11 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Silanolkondensationskatalysatoren zur Vernetzung von gefüllten und ungefüllten Polymer-Compounds |
KR101291469B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-29 | 2013-07-30 | 주식회사 삼양사 | 난연성 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트 수지 조성물 |
US8604105B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2013-12-10 | Eastman Chemical Company | Flame retardant copolyester compositions |
EP2643504A4 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2016-11-16 | Frx Polymers Inc | PHOSPHONATE POLYMERS, COPOLYMERS AND THEIR OLIGOMERS AS FLAME PROTECTION AGENTS FOR POLYESTER FIBERS |
EP2511337A1 (de) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-10-17 | Basf Se | Flammhemmende thermoplastische Formmasse |
EP4108717A4 (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2024-02-21 | TOYOBO MC Corporation | FLAME-RETARDANT POLYESTER RESIN COMPOSITION AND MOLDED ARTICLE COMPRISING THE SAME |
Family Cites Families (11)
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JPH0249023A (ja) * | 1988-05-25 | 1990-02-19 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 樹脂組成物 |
JP2926513B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-11 | 1999-07-28 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | 樹脂組成物およびその製造方法 |
US5451632A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1995-09-19 | Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer and a resin composition |
TW377367B (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1999-12-21 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Aromatic polycarbonate-styrene polymer resin composition |
JPH09268251A (ja) * | 1996-03-30 | 1997-10-14 | Nippon G Ii Plast Kk | 難燃性樹脂組成物 |
DE19643279A1 (de) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-23 | Basf Ag | Flammgeschützte Formmassen |
DE19643280A1 (de) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-04-23 | Basf Ag | Flammgeschützte Formmassen |
EP0893476A1 (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 1999-01-27 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Thermoplastic resin composition |
US5814690A (en) * | 1997-09-22 | 1998-09-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Flame retarded poly(butylene terephthalate) composition |
DE19820401A1 (de) * | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-11 | Basf Ag | Flammgeschützte Polyesterformmassen |
JP3662420B2 (ja) * | 1998-08-13 | 2005-06-22 | 出光興産株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物および射出成形品 |
-
2001
- 2001-06-27 DE DE10130832A patent/DE10130832A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-06-14 CN CNA028130472A patent/CN1538992A/zh active Pending
- 2002-06-14 EP EP02745385A patent/EP1409587A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-14 MX MXPA03011402A patent/MXPA03011402A/es unknown
- 2002-06-14 JP JP2003509033A patent/JP2004530787A/ja active Pending
- 2002-06-14 KR KR10-2003-7016952A patent/KR20040022435A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-14 CA CA002451470A patent/CA2451470A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-06-14 WO PCT/EP2002/006554 patent/WO2003002664A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-14 BR BR0210615-9A patent/BR0210615A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-24 US US10/178,925 patent/US20030083409A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2003
- 2003-12-19 ZA ZA200309855A patent/ZA200309855B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115651315A (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-01-31 | 四川帕沃可矿物纤维制品集团有限公司 | 一种玄武岩纤维增强的注塑用改性聚丙烯材料 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ZA200309855B (en) | 2005-04-25 |
WO2003002664A1 (de) | 2003-01-09 |
KR20040022435A (ko) | 2004-03-12 |
US20030083409A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
MXPA03011402A (es) | 2004-07-01 |
JP2004530787A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
BR0210615A (pt) | 2004-08-10 |
DE10130832A1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
CA2451470A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
EP1409587A1 (de) | 2004-04-21 |
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