CN1444460A - 以铁强化的食品 - Google Patents
以铁强化的食品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1444460A CN1444460A CN01808311A CN01808311A CN1444460A CN 1444460 A CN1444460 A CN 1444460A CN 01808311 A CN01808311 A CN 01808311A CN 01808311 A CN01808311 A CN 01808311A CN 1444460 A CN1444460 A CN 1444460A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- ferrous
- ammonium
- acid
- condensed food
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 51
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZLXPLDLEBORRPT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- DKKCQDROTDCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L Ferrous lactate Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O DKKCQDROTDCQOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011773 ferrous fumarate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002332 ferrous fumarate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000225 ferrous fumarate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004225 ferrous lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013925 ferrous lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940037907 ferrous lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KRUJOKMDEHYPOP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-hydroxybutanedioate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O KRUJOKMDEHYPOP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004251 Ammonium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MCDLETWIOVSGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;iron Chemical compound [Fe].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MCDLETWIOVSGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium iron(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGGLLRJQCZROSE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940059265 ammonium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019286 ammonium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-HSHFZTNMSA-N azanium;(2r)-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [NH4+].C[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-HSHFZTNMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021539 instant coffee Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WHRBSMVATPCWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triformate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O WHRBSMVATPCWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021506 iron(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- YOWAEZWWQFSEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxalin-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(N)=CN=C21 YOWAEZWWQFSEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011640 ferrous citrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019850 ferrous citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].OC(=O)CC(O)(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O APVZWAOKZPNDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020124 milk-based beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000009430 Thespesia populnea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- -1 ferrous compound Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000020140 chocolate milk drink Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000008857 Ferritin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108050000784 Ferritin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000008416 Ferritin Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010063312 Metalloproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000010750 Metalloproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019219 chocolate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YSXLJTGZMRNQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;6-amino-5-[[2-[4-[2-[4-[2-[(2-amino-5-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]phenyl]sulfonyloxyphenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]sulfonylphenyl]diazenyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N=NC3=CC=CC=C3S(=O)(=O)OC3=CC=C(C=C3)C(C)(C=3C=CC(OS(=O)(=O)C=4C(=CC=CC=4)N=NC=4C5=CC=CC(=C5C=CC=4N)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=3)C)=C(N)C=CC2=C1S([O-])(=O)=O YSXLJTGZMRNQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLLRXSCNTCSLFX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 2-hydroxybutanedioate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O JLLRXSCNTCSLFX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000018832 Cytochromes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010052832 Cytochromes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036783 anaphylactic response Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G2210/00—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing inorganic compounds or water in high or low amount
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Abstract
强化食品包括强化用量的一种由亚铁或正铁源、磷酸盐和铵制得的无机化合物。这些化合物提供一种无损其食品之器官感觉特性的铁强化方法,并且对含多酚(可可、茶等)的产品或高脂肪含量的产品特别有用。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及食品的强化,更具体地乃涉及以铁对食品的强化。
发明背景
铁是动物和人体营养中必不可少的痕量元素。它为血红蛋白之血红素以及肌红蛋白、细胞色素和若干酶的一种组分。铁的主要作用是参与对氧的输送、贮存和利用。
铁缺乏症不仅在发展中国家,而且在工业化国家,都曾是并仍然是一个普遍的营养问题。营养调查业已发现,饮食铁的摄取不足在儿童、青少年和妇女中引起贫血症的高发病率。由于身体不产生矿物质,所以身体全部铁依赖外来供应,要么通过食品,要么通过补充物。适当之铁摄取在人一生中的重要性是公认的。推荐的铁摄取日常供给量为每天10-18毫克,视年龄和性别而定。儿童、绝经妇女以及待产妇和哺乳母亲属于对铁需求较高的一组。
可以盐或络合物形式将铁加入食品及/或饮料来提供此日常供给量。加入食品和饮料之起始铁所引起的主要问题是生成颜色和变味,特别在有氧、光和高温的情况下。况且,把铁加入饮料,尤其是茶、巧克力奶或含有香蕉的饮料会很难。如果使用高度可溶或稍微可溶的起始铁,那么铁和铁敏感成分比如多酚间的反应便发生。因此,加入硫酸亚铁或其它可溶铁盐,诸如硫酸铁、乳酸亚铁、葡萄糖酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁、柠檬酸铁胆碱、柠檬酸铁铵等,就使巧克力粉或其它RTD(随时可饮用)混合物在同水或牛奶重建时出现暗灰色。
铁强化的另一个问题是铁有促进可导致变味的破坏性自由基反应的能力。因此,将可溶性铁源加入含脂肪的产物—多为具有高不饱和脂肪酸含量的产物,会因类脂体的氧化而引致变味。铁促进的氧化作用不仅影响食品和饮料的器官感觉的特性,而且非所希望地改变这些制品的营养品质。在热处理过程中,诸如巴氏杀菌和消毒,这些相互作用还会增强。
代替易为生物利用但导致不良味道及/或颜色的可溶性铁源,可以使用不可溶的铁源,诸如元素铁、焦磷酸铁等。这些形式的铁几乎不引起变色和变味的问题,但生物利用却很差。
此外,亚铁化合物的生物利用一般要比正铁的好是公认的。这同亚铁盐在生理学pH时的溶解度比正铁盐高以及Fe(II)形成络合物的亲和力较低有关。
美国专利4,020,158描述了提高动物组织中基本两价金属含量的一种方法,它包括将金属盐溶解于蛋白水解产物的水溶液中,并加入足够的碱至pH为7.5-10而使该金属蛋白盐沉淀,借此把外来合成金属蛋白盐引入动物机体。根据此专利唯有使用大豆蛋白作为蛋白源而获得蛋白水解产物(通过在130℃于盐酸溶液中加热大豆蛋白4个小时)。使用由这一方法制备的络合物,在巧克力粉同冷/热水或牛奶重建时导致产物变色,表明有弱的或不完全的络合物的形成。
美国专利4,216,144描述了一种铁蛋白盐配位络合物,它具有至少三个选自多肽、肽和自然存在的氨基酸的蛋白水解产物配体。分析已显示该铁蛋白盐为至少70-80%螯合。因此,由于20-30%的自由铁,该专利的螯合物不能防止变色和变味的发生,特别是当用于强化含有多酚或其它脂肪的产品时,诸如可可、咖啡、茶、香蕉等。在这方面于是仍需予以改进。
发明概述
我们现在已研制出一种铁强化体系,它对器官感觉的特性无有害影响并且对含多酚(可可、茶等)或高脂肪含量的产品特别有用。这种铁强化体系包括自亚铁或正铁、磷酸盐和铵源制备的化合物。这样的化合物一方面具有阻止自由铁之反应性的强铁配体键,另一方面又在胃酸介质中溶解而形成高生物利用率的铁。
因此,本发明提供了一种强化食品,包括强化用量的一种由亚铁或正铁、磷酸盐和铵源制备的无机化合物。
发明详述
为了方便,以铁强化的食品为一种食品或饮料,特别是在自由铁存在情况下,对氧化作用敏感、发生变味或变色的食品或饮料。
此食品可以是基于牛奶的制品如含牛奶可可的饮料、液体营养制品或其它饮料如果汁,或者它可为粉末制品如速溶咖啡、含可可混合物(如MILO、NESQUIK等)液体配方,等等。
所研制出的亚铁和铁化合物在含铁敏感组分诸如多酚、不饱和脂肪酸等强化产品中也起很好的作用。
在食品或饲料中所提供的铁用量可为1-200ppm,优选地为5-100ppm,而更优选地为10-75ppm。
能用来生成这些化合物的亚铁源可包括任何食品级的亚铁盐,诸如硫酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁铵、氯化亚铁、苹果酸亚铁、乙酸亚铁、葡萄酸亚铁、硝酸亚铁、乳酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁、琥珀酸亚铁以及氧化亚铁、氢氧化亚铁或其混合物。最优选的材料是硫酸亚铁。
能用来生成这些化合物的铁源可包括任何食品级铁盐,诸如硫酸铁、氯化铁、硝酸铁、乙酸铁、苹果酸铁、乙酸铁铵、甲酸铁、氧化铁、氢氧化铁或其混合物。这些当中最优选的为硫酸铁。
也可使用元素铁作为起始铁源来生成这些化合物。
能用来生成这些化合物的磷酸盐源可包括任何食品级正磷酸盐,诸如磷酸一、二或三钠、磷酸钾、磷酸铵、磷酸镁或磷酸钙以及磷酸或其混合物。最好使用磷酸。
能用来生成这些化合物的铵源可包括任何食品级铵源,诸如氨水、氢氧化铵、乙酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氨基甲酸铵、碳酸铵、氯化铵、乳酸铵、硫酸铵、硫酸亚铁铵、硫酸铁铵、硝酸铵、一代和二代磷酸铵或其混合物。最好是使用氢氧化铵。
为本发明之对象的该无机化合物可方便地通过合适铁源(II或III)同合适的磷酸盐源(磷酸或磷酸盐同任何上面提到的酸)、然后同任何合适的氨源反应而形成。例如,此无机化合物可凭借合适铁源(II或III)同合适的磷酸盐源在酸性条件下反应,并接着以任何合适的氨源调节化合物的pH而形成。能用来生成这些化合物的酸不受限制,并且可以是许多食品级无机或有机酸之任一种,诸如磷酸、盐酸、硫酸、乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、硝酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、琥珀酸、抗坏血酸或其混合物。最优选的酸为磷酸。
最优选地,该化合物可以这样制备:在搅拌下使硫酸亚铁或硫酸铁同磷酸混合,然后加入氢氧化铵调节pH至约为5.5-9。优选的pH范围为6-7.5,而最优选的为6.5-7。铁、氨和磷酸盐基间的重量比可为1∶(0.2-5)∶(0.4-10),优选地为1∶(0.6-3)∶(2.5-8.5),而最优选地为1∶(0.8-1.75)∶(3.5-5)。
在有必需量的氨之情况下,pH调节可用食品级碱试剂,包括但不限于氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铵、氢氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾或其混合物进行。
为方便,可以水分散液之形式或作为干粉将此含铁化合物加入食品。
由起始亚铁或铁、磷酸盐和铵源制得的这种无机化合物可用来强化饮料和食品,产生更好的口味而双不损害产品的质量。
优选的铁化合物为亚铁化合物,它不仅在防止铁反应性方面具有类似铁化合物的强的官能特性,而且在胃pH时有很高的自由铁释放(即接近于硫酸亚铁的自由铁释放),因此可以达到其高的生物利用率。该亚铁化合物防止变色、变味和脂肪氧化之功能度好,并在胃pH时有高的铁释放。
根据元素(Fe、N、P)分析和离子HPLC(高效液体色谱)的分析数据,由起始亚铁、磷酸盐和铵源反应所形成的此无机亚铁化合物的化学分子式,被确定为FeNH4PO4。在该化合物中铁的含量被确定为非常之高(30-32%)。可使用本领域中技术人员已知的方法来干燥这些化合物。这可以包括过滤、冷冻或喷雾干燥。此干燥的产物可容易地在水中分散。
可以这样制备包括强化用量磷酸亚铁铵的强化食品:形成这种无机化合物,并将它加入食品。然后可用通常的方法对该食品作热处理而丝毫无损于质量,诸如变色、类脂体氧化或被加工设备弄脏。由此而得到的强化食品,在器官感觉特性方面与其非强化对应食品类似,诸如味、香、色、纹理、粘度或口感。
本发明提供了下列的改进和优点。
1)磷酸亚铁铵和磷酸铁铵化合物对强化食品和饮料非常有效,特别是对含多酚及/或不饱和脂肪酸的食品,这些食品在有自由铁的情况下易于发生变色和变味。
2)此化合物容易制备。
3)铁在该化合物中的含量很高,例如就磷酸亚铁铵而言为30-32%。
4)由于在胃的条件下(pH为2-3.5)铁的快速和大量释放,可以认为能达到高的磷酸亚铁铵的生物利用率。
5)由于其无机的本性,可以认为磷酸亚铁铵和磷酸铁铵没有过敏性。
实施例
下列实例进一步说明本发明。除非另有说明,分数和百分数均按重量。
实例1无机铁化合物的制备
将58克磷酸(85%)溶解于1升蒸馏水中,加入硫酸亚铁七水合物(56克),然后以氢氧化铵(28%)调节pH至6.8。过滤(Whatman,42)分离中和过程中形成的沉淀,然后用去离子水小心地洗涤,并在室温下于空气中干燥。
实例2以不同的成分加入顺序制备无机铁化合物
将58克磷酸(85%)溶解于1升蒸馏水中。加入硫酸亚铁七水合物(56克),然后以氢氧化铵(28%)调节pH至6.8。过滤(Whatman,42)分离中和过程中形成的沉淀,然后用去离子水小心地洗涤,并在室温下于空气中干燥。
实例3以喷雾干燥方式制备无机铁化合物
将58克磷酸(85%)溶解于1升蒸馏水中。加入硫酸亚铁七水合物(56克),然后以氢氧化铵(28%)调节pH至6.8。使用原子化旋转盘型喷干机使该液体喷雾干燥(T入=145℃,T出=80℃)。
实例4 MILO和NESQUIK粉的强化
将实例1、2和3的铁化合物(磷酸亚铁铵)加入22.0克MILO粉(Nestlé出售的一种商业产品,其成分为糖、脱脂乳粉、葡萄糖糖浆、棕榈油、可可和许可的食品调节剂)和NESQUIK粉(Nestlé出售的商业用的粉末巧克力香料,其成分为糖、可可、大豆卵磷脂、盐、人造和天然香料)中。然后分别以沸水或牛奶重建这些巧克力粉(最终的铁浓度为15.0ppm)。对产物进行简短的搅拌,并让其在室温放置15分钟。15分钟后,由10人品尝专家小组对产品加以评判。
表1给出铁强化之影响的结果。已发现当以沸水或牛奶重建铁强化的(15ppm)NESQUIK时,亚铁化合物减少可可的脱色。以总的颜色差别表示的颜色改变ΔE给于表1,此处ΔE由Hunter公式计算:
ΔE=(Li-L对照)2+(ai-a对照)2+(bi-b对照)2
因此,如表1所示,新颖的亚铁化合物强化的MILO和NESQUIK粉颜色变化不大,而硫酸亚铁强化的产品颜色变化却相当大。当以冷水或牛奶重建时,所观察到的差别就显著变小。10人专家小组成员评判了以沸牛奶重建的该铁强化的NESQUIK粉和以沸水重建的该铁强化的MILO粉。与不加铁的对照样品比较,在加新颖亚铁或正铁无机化合物强化的NESQUIK和MILO样品中,未发现变味和可见的特性改变。
表1铁强化对含可可产品脱色的影响
添加物 | MILO粉(ΔE) | NESQUIK粉(ΔE) |
FeNH4PO4 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
商业用Fe(PO4)2 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
FeSO4 | 10.5 | 10.3 |
对照(无添加物) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
实例5 MILO粉饮料的强化
将实例1、2和3的铁化合物加入巧克力奶(8.5%MILO粉,总铁含量为15ppm)中。使铁强化的MILO巧克力奶于125ml的玻璃容器中,在121℃热压处理5分钟,密封并冷却至室温。在环境温度贮存一个月后,对经过热压处理和超高温(“UHT”)消毒的样品作色和味的鉴定。同未加铁的对照样品比较,没有发现样品变色和变味,而加硫酸亚铁强化的样品则呈暗灰色并且变味。
实例6 类脂体氧化
鱼油含有大量使其对氧化极为敏感的多不饱和脂肪酸。已知束缚自由铁减少铁的助氧化剂活性。为证明这一点,通过采用617型Metrohm Rancimat测电导率的改变,来测量类脂体的氧化程度和引发时间。
将磷酸亚铁铵加入鱼油,也将同量铁的硫酸亚铁加入第二个鱼油样品。使两个样品同对照样品(未加入铁)一并在100℃加热,并用Rancimat测量引发时间。未发现以磷酸亚铁铵强化的鱼油和不加铁的对照样品在氧化引发时间上有差别。然而以硫酸亚铁强化的鱼油引发时间要比其它两个样品短约50-60%。因此,酸败试验的结果(见表2)表明,50ppm磷酸亚铁铵FeNH4PO4的存在防止由铁所引起的鱼油的氧化。
比较之下,以硫酸亚铁强化的鱼油其引发时间比对照样品(即无添加物)的约短60%。磷酸铁铵得到与磷酸亚铁铵类似的结果。
此外,通过对以磷酸亚铁铵强化(50ppm铁)的即用液体配方样品,在60℃保持3天后,测量液面上空间己醛的含量,与未加铁之对照样品比较,未发现多脂体的氧化。然而在含硫酸亚铁的样品中却检测出为3.5ppm的高己醛含量,表明在该产品中类脂体的氧化(见表2) 。
表2铁强化对类脂体氧化的影响
添加物 | 引发时间(小时) | 测得的己醛(ppb) |
FeNH4PO4 | 6.1 | 30 |
商业用Fe(PO4)2 | 6.0 | 32 |
FeSO4 | 2.5 | 3500 |
对照(无添加物) | 6.0 | 40 |
实例7
为估计磷酸亚铁铵(FeNH4PO4)的生物利用率,测定了在类似于成人和幼儿胃条件下(37℃,采用HCl,pH分别为2.0和3.5)铁的释放。在pH2和pH3.5均观测到快速且高的铁释放(总铁量的90-100%)。
Claims (21)
1.一种强化食品,包括强化用量的由亚铁或正铁源、磷酸盐和铵源所制得的一种无机化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中的强化食品乃是在有游离铁存在的情况下,对氧化、发生变味或变色敏感的一种食品或饮料。
3.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中的强化食品乃是含可可牛奶饮料、液体营养品、果汁或粉末产品。
4.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中的强化食品乃是速溶咖啡、一种含可可的混合物或一种粉末形态的液体配方。
5.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中食品或饮料中的铁的强化用量为约1-200ppm。
6.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的亚铁源为硫酸亚铁、硫酸亚铁铵、氯化亚铁、乙酸亚铁、苹果酸亚铁、柠檬酸亚铁、葡萄酸亚铁、硝酸亚铁、乳酸亚铁、富马酸亚铁、丁二酸亚铁、氧化亚铁、氢氧化亚铁或其混合物。
7.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的正铁源为硫酸铁、氯化铁、硝酸铁、乙酸铁、乙酸铁铵、甲酸铁、氧化铁、氢氧化铁或其混合物。
8.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的铁源为元素铁。
9.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的磷酸盐源为磷酸一、二或三钠、磷酸钾、磷酸铵、磷酸镁或磷酸钙、磷酸或其混合物。
10.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的铵源为氨水、氢氧化铵、乙酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氨基甲酸铵、碳酸铵、氯化铵、乳酸铵、硫酸铵、硫酸亚铁铵、硫酸铁铵、硝酸铵、一和二碱基磷酸铵或其混合物。
11.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中该无机化合物由合适来源的铁(II或III)同合适来源的磷酸盐以及同合适来源的氨相互反应而形成。
12.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中该无机化合物由合适来源的铁(II或III)同合适来源的磷酸盐在酸性条件下相互反应、然后以任何合适来源的氨调节其化合物的pH而形成。
13.根据权利要求12的强化食品,其中用于生成该无机化合物的酸为磷酸、盐酸、硫酸、乙酸、乳酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、硝酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、琥珀酸、抗坏血酸或其混合物。
14.根据权利要求12的强化食品,其中该无机化合物乃通过使硫酸亚铁或硫酸铁同磷酸,在搅拌下化合,然后加入氢氧化铵调节pH至5.5-9而制得。
15.根据权利要求11的强化食品,其中该化合物之铁、氨、磷酸根间的重量比为1∶(0.2-5)∶(0.4-10)。
16.根据权利要求11的强化食品,其中该无机化合物为FeNH4PO4。
17.根据权利要求11的强化食品,其中在氨存在的情况下,对该无机化合物作pH调节可通过加入氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化铵、氢氧化镁、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾或其混合物进行。
18.根据权利要求1的强化食品,其中该无机化合物可通过过滤、冷冻或喷雾干燥,以干形态提供。
19.根据权利要求1的制备强化食品的方法,包括将该化合物以含水悬浮形式或作为干粉加入其强化食品。
20.根据权利要求19的制备强化食品的方法,其中该无机化合物由合适来源的铁(II或III)同合适来源的磷酸盐以及同任何合适来源的氨相互反应而形成。
21.根据权利要求19的制备强化食品的方法,其中该无机化合物由合适来源的铁(II或III)同合适来源的磷酸盐在酸性条件下反应、然而以任何合适来源的氨调节其化合物的pH而形成。
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- 2001-01-19 AU AU2001233698A patent/AU2001233698C1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-02-08 MY MYPI20010563A patent/MY117702A/en unknown
- 2001-03-09 AR ARP010101119A patent/AR027633A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-09-02 NO NO20024174A patent/NO324363B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
- 2003-05-22 HK HK03103647.8A patent/HK1052616A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103014737A (zh) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-03 | 河南红日锂能源科技有限公司 | 一种冷轧钢酸洗废酸处理方法 |
CN103598388A (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-26 | 界首市赫赫发食品有限公司 | 儿童补铁巧克力 |
CN107920543A (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2018-04-17 | 雀巢产品技术援助有限公司 | 铁强化食物组合物 |
CN107920543B (zh) * | 2015-09-03 | 2022-03-18 | 雀巢产品有限公司 | 铁强化食物组合物 |
CN108135200A (zh) * | 2015-10-01 | 2018-06-08 | 多伦多大学管理委员会 | 铁强化茶制品 |
CN108135200B (zh) * | 2015-10-01 | 2022-06-28 | 多伦多大学管理委员会 | 铁强化茶制品 |
CN115676790A (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-02-03 | 贵州川恒化工股份有限公司 | 一种高振实球形电池级磷酸铁的制备方法 |
CN115676790B (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-04-02 | 贵州川恒化工股份有限公司 | 一种高振实球形电池级磷酸铁的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20024174D0 (no) | 2002-09-02 |
AU3369801A (en) | 2001-09-24 |
TR200202134T2 (tr) | 2002-12-23 |
US6344223B1 (en) | 2002-02-05 |
JP4235387B2 (ja) | 2009-03-11 |
CA2402422C (en) | 2010-03-16 |
EP1265498B1 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
NO324363B1 (no) | 2007-10-01 |
BR0109120A (pt) | 2003-04-22 |
RU2266688C2 (ru) | 2005-12-27 |
EP1265498A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
NZ521218A (en) | 2004-07-30 |
AU2001233698C1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
NO20024174L (no) | 2002-09-02 |
MY117702A (en) | 2004-07-31 |
HK1052616A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 |
ES2323162T3 (es) | 2009-07-08 |
ATE425679T1 (de) | 2009-04-15 |
JP2003526356A (ja) | 2003-09-09 |
CN1236700C (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
CA2402422A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
DE60138012D1 (de) | 2009-04-30 |
MXPA02009936A (es) | 2003-02-12 |
AR027633A1 (es) | 2003-04-02 |
WO2001067897A1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
AU2001233698B2 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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