CN1424406A - 猪皮漂白发泡工艺及其直接得到的制品 - Google Patents

猪皮漂白发泡工艺及其直接得到的制品 Download PDF

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CN1424406A
CN1424406A CN02157220A CN02157220A CN1424406A CN 1424406 A CN1424406 A CN 1424406A CN 02157220 A CN02157220 A CN 02157220A CN 02157220 A CN02157220 A CN 02157220A CN 1424406 A CN1424406 A CN 1424406A
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bleaching
weight ratio
pigskin
dealkalize
enzyme
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CN1164770C (zh
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周青标
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Jiangxi Huaheng Pet Food Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
    • A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
    • A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A23K50/42—Dry feed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)

Abstract

本发明关于一种猪皮漂白发泡工艺其制品，其制品主要用于制成宠物用品。特点是取含水量在50－80％(重量比)的猪皮进行碱处理，由碱性溶液及碱性酶与石灰调成糊状，pH值≥12，涂抹在猪皮上，处理至可溶性胶原蛋白溶解，采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液进行脱碱，水洗，进而采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液与胰酶混合液进行二次脱碱酶软，脱脂，水洗，进一步采用双氧水或高锰酸钾漂白得到成品。本发明工艺独特，特别是用在猪皮处理上具有简约、可操作性强之特点。直接得到的制品为外观漂亮，仍具有猪皮本身的胶原纤维等特性为宠物所喜爱，具有较高的附加经济价值。

Description

猪皮漂白发泡工艺及其直接得到的制品
技术领域：本发明关于一种猪皮漂白发泡工艺其制品，其制品主要用于制成宠物用品。
背景技术：猪皮主要用于制革用品，由此产生的很多边角料、下脚料一般用于制成胶原蛋等低附加值的产品，而将猪皮制成本发明应用领域的宠物用品主要是将成皮压制或卷制成仿骨头用品。从未见报导对猪皮进行发泡漂白制成宠物用品，而有较高附加值的畜皮发泡宠物用品均由牛皮经双氧水等漂白后简单制成。存在发泡程度低、成本也较高等缺点。
发明内容：本发明的目的是要进一步开发利用猪皮，特别是对制革猪皮的下脚料对其进行漂白发泡处理，以期达到深开发利用增加附加值效果。
本发明的漂白发泡工艺特点是：取含水量在50-80％(重量比)的猪皮进行碱处理，由碱性溶液及碱性酶与石灰调成糊状，PH值≥12，涂抹在猪皮上，处理至可溶性胶原蛋白溶解，采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液进行脱碱，水洗，进而采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液与胰酶混合液进行二次脱碱酶软，脱脂，水洗，进一步采用双氧水或高锰酸钾漂白得到成品。
本发明工艺中对猪皮的碱处理工艺中碱处理步骤所指的碱性溶液可以是烧碱等，最理想的是硫化钠，特别是指无铁硫化钠，此时硫化钠溶液的浓度为10-40％(重量比)与石灰及0.01-0.05％(与皮重量比)的碱性酶调成糊状，涂抹在猪皮上经10-30小时碱化处理能达到将猪皮的可溶性胶原蛋白全部溶解。另第一步的脱碱溶解取氯化铵较佳，能避免可能存在的硫酸钙沉淀污染发泡猪皮，此时氯化铵的溶液的氯化铵含量为皮重量的1-2.5％，脱碱时间在0.5-3小时。进而在第二次脱碱中也采用氯化铵为佳，第二次脱碱酶软溶液中含4-8％(与皮重量比)的氯化铵与25倍胰酶0.1-0.5％(与皮重量比)，脱碱酶软时间为3-8小时。上述碱处理及第一、二次脱碱的时间掌握一般与调配的药物浓度、数量、气温及转鼓搅拌等的因素有关，这些时间的掌握是指一般情况下如此处理。实际上的延长与缩短时间可以调配掌握，例如第一次与第二次的脱碱时间，即使是有意延长或缩短时间仅仅对直接到的产品的质量稍有影响而不影响工艺本身。工艺直接得到的制品其特点是发泡形白色软弹性体。
本发明工艺独特，特别是用在猪皮处理上具有简约、可操作性强之特点。直接得到的制品为外观漂亮，仍具有猪皮本身的胶原纤维等特性为宠物所喜爱，具有较高的附加经济价值。
具体实施方式：
例1：原料取制革二、三、四层碱皮，一般含水量在50-80％(重量比)，经碱处理→水洗→一次脱碱→水洗→二次脱碱酶软→脱酯→水洗→漂白(发泡)→压水→截片→烘干→成品。其中，碱处理用10-30％(重量比)浓度无铁硫化钠溶液加碱性酶0.01-0.05％(与皮重量比)加石灰，石灰用量是使其调节成糊状并调制相应的PH值大于12为准，均匀涂抹在每张碱皮上，碱化处理时间在10-30小时之间为佳；一次脱碱实施例中也采用氯化铵溶液，氯化铵重量占1-2.5％(与皮重量比)处理时间0.5-3小时为佳；二次脱碱酶软采用氯化铵4-10％(与皮重量比)和胰酶(以25倍胰酶为基数计算)0.1-0.5％(与皮重量比)；混合的脱碱酶软液，处理时间为4-6小时较佳；脱脂流程中一般采用碳酸钠与市售脱脂剂混合脱脂效果较好，取含碳酸钠1-3％(与皮重量比)和0.3-1％(与皮重量比)的脱脂剂混合液脱脂；漂白流程中选用双氧水为佳，双氧水的用量为皮重的15-30％为佳，漂白时间0.5-5小时。
例2：取二、三、四层制革下脚料碱皮，含水量为60％(重量比)，由含60％的无铁硫化钠(Na2S)1公斤加碱性酶300克，加清水1.5公斤，加石灰3公斤搅拌成糊状，均匀涂抹在约1000公斤猪皮上，经20小时碱化处理后，用清水冲洗1-3小时，在含氯化铵20公斤的溶液中进行第一次脱碱处理，时间1小时，再清水冲洗后，再加由80公斤与1公斤胰酶混合而成的第二次脱碱酶软溶液中，转、停鼓(装猪皮的容器)约5小时，而后用碳酸钠25公斤及脱脂精5公斤脱脂水洗约2小时，清水冲洗然后加240公斤的双氧水转停鼓2小时再封鼓过夜，取出经发泡漂白的猪皮制品压水、裁片、烘干得制成品为白色弹性软体。

Claims (9)

1、一种猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征是：取含水量在50-80％(重量比)的猪皮进行碱处理，由碱性溶液及碱性酶与石灰调成糊状，PH值≥12，涂抹在猪皮上，处理至可溶性胶原蛋白溶解，采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液进行脱碱，水洗，进而采用氯化铵或硫酸铵溶液与胰酶混合液进行二次脱碱酶软，脱脂，水洗，进一步采用双氧水或高锰酸钾漂白得到成品。
2、按照权利要求1所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：碱处理中的碱性溶液为10-30％(重量比)浓度的无铁硫化钠与石灰及0.01-0.05％(与皮重量比)的碱性酶调成糊状，涂抹在猪皮上经10-30小时处理。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：一次脱碱溶液含1-2.5％(与皮重量比)的氯化铵，脱碱时间在0.5-3小时。
4、按照权利要求1或2所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：二次脱碱酶软溶液中采用4-8％(与皮重量比)的氯化铵与25倍胰酶0.1-0.5％(与皮重量比)，脱碱酶软时间为3-8小时。
5、按照权利要求3所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：第二次脱碱酶软溶液中采用4-8％(与皮重量比)的氯化铵与25胰酶0.1-0.5(与皮重量比)，脱碱酶软时间为3-8小时。
6、按照权利要求1或2或5所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：漂白程序中采用15-30％(重量比)浓度的双氧水经0.5-5小时漂白处理。
7、按照权利要求3所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：漂白程序中采用15-30％(重量比)浓度的双氧水经0.5-5小时漂白处理。
8、按照权利要求4所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺，其特征在于：漂白程序中采用15-30％(重量比)浓度的双氧水经0.5-5小时漂白处理。
9、一种按照权利要求1所述的猪皮漂白发泡工艺直接得到的制品，其特征为发泡形白色弹性软体。
CNB021572208A 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 宠物咀嚼用猪皮漂白发泡工艺及其制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1164770C (zh)

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US10/731,257 US6827041B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2003-12-09 Bleached expanded pigskin and products
US10/995,754 US7013838B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2004-11-23 Bleached expanded pigskin and products

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