CN1340826A - 防辐射层压板 - Google Patents

防辐射层压板 Download PDF

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CN1340826A
CN1340826A CN01122603A CN01122603A CN1340826A CN 1340826 A CN1340826 A CN 1340826A CN 01122603 A CN01122603 A CN 01122603A CN 01122603 A CN01122603 A CN 01122603A CN 1340826 A CN1340826 A CN 1340826A
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罗伯特·R·克雷布斯
欧内斯特·L·费尔普斯
吉纳维夫·L·特佩拉
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种层压板,包括装饰层,第一树脂浸渍层,辐射阻挡层以及第二树脂浸渍芯材层。这种层压板可以防止辐射通过其渗透以及可以用于建造天花板和墙壁板、地板、家具、型架、橱柜和门包层、防护屏以及需要有效防止隔离容器的辐射泄漏的其它器件。

Description

防辐射层压板
本发明涉及防辐射层压板。更具体地说，本发明涉及设有防止辐射穿透的铅层的层压板。
装饰性层压板在家具业和建筑业已获得广泛的应用。装饰性层压板的耐火性、价格和通用性使它们适用于几乎任何结构用途。例如，装饰性层压板被发现遍及由地板产品至家具至各种柜顶面。
考虑这一点，层压板工业在不断地努力改进装饰性层压板的功能。不管这些改进是涉及装饰性层压板铺地面板的锁紧舌片和槽的形状，或者柜顶面的改进的表面特性，装饰性层压板制造业的进步使得这种材料等于或优于设计被代替的材料。
现在辐射已被广泛应用，例如，辐射常常用于医学、研究和工业领域。然而，如果没有正确的控制，辐射是危险的。
因此，发展了各种机构以控制辐射来防止不希望的辐照。这些机构包括许多器件，由佩载辐射传感剂量计到防止辐射泄漏的隔离室。
隔离室结构非常昂贵和需要安装多层结构以达到隔离室正确的控制。例如，按照现在已知的实践，首先要固定铅板在室的周围。随后用普通的墙壁和地板产品覆盖铅板。控制室使用的多层结构的要求增加了建造控制室相关的材料和劳动价格。需要防止辐射渗透的家具和其它产品也必须以类似的方式建造。
因此，需要一种建筑材料。它可用于制造天花板、墙壁板、家具、型架、橱柜和门包层、防护屏和设计用以防止辐射通过的其它器件。本发明的目的就是提供这种建筑材料。
这样一来，本发明的第一方面是提供一种层压板，包括第一树脂浸渍层和辐射阻挡层。
本发明的另一方面是提供一种层压板，包括聚合物层、粘接层和铅层。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种层压板，包括装饰层，第一树脂浸渍芯材层，辐射阻挡层和第二树脂浸渍芯材层。
按照本发明的实施例，层压板具有面纸层，它接合在装饰层上与第一树脂浸渍层相对。
按照本发明的另一实施例，层压板是地板板。
按照本发明的另一实施例，层压板是墙壁板。
本发明的其它目的和优点将通过下述的本发明相关实施例结合附图的详细陈述明确表示出来。
图1是按照本发明制造的层压板的示意图。
图2是按照本发明制造的墙壁板的局部横剖面图。
图3是按照本发明制造的铺地面板的局部横剖面图。
图4是按照本发明的一件家具的局部横剖面图。
在这里公开了本发明详细的实施例，然而应该理解，公开的实施例仅为本发明的解释，它可以不同的形式实施。因此，这里公开的细节不应该是限制性的，而仅仅是作为权利要求书的基础，以及作为专业人员的教学基础，使其了解如何制造和使用本发明。
参见图1，公开了按照本发明的一块装饰层压板10。装饰层压板10具有外部的面纸层12、装饰层14、第一芯材层16、第一粘接层18、铅层20、第二粘接层22和三个结束的芯材层24，26，28。虽然按照本发明的最佳实施例公开了特定的铺层方案，在不脱离本发明精神的条件下铺层方案可以有某些改变。
面纸层12优选地为蜜胺浸渍纸层，装饰层14是普通的花纹板材，直接放置在面纸层12的下面。当层压板充分加热和压制时(下面要讨论)，面纸层12转变为透明的，充分暴露出装饰性层14。考虑这一点，装饰层14实质上承担最终装饰层压板10的美学外观。装饰性层可以由广泛的板材系列中选择。例如，装饰层14可以是单色的(例如白色)或具有美学图案。
如上所述，装饰层14为层压板提供了吸引人的外观。面纸层12和装饰层14决定了最终装饰性层压板10的表面特性。例如，面层和装饰层的成分有助于决定装饰层压板的耐化学试剂性、耐热性、耐光性、耐冲击和耐磨性。
装饰板材通常是用浸渍蜜胺-甲醛树脂的水乙醇或水溶液的高质量的80-202g/m2一令重量的颜料充填α纤维素纸制造的。树脂浸渍的装饰性板材随后烘干，部分固化和最终切割成板片。装饰板材的颜料充填α纤维素纸可以具有单色，装饰性设计，或者天然材料如木材、大理石、皮革等的照相凹版印刷复制品。在装饰层压板完成时，纤维素纸的美学特性表现为层压板的装饰性设计。
虽然在不脱离本发明精神的条件下也可以使用其它材料，第一芯材层16优选地是酚醛树脂浸渍板材。例如，第一芯材层16是120-323g/m2的干酚醛树脂浸渍的牛皮纸。牛皮纸充分浸渍树脂和与实质上固化的酚醛树脂粘结着，在开始层压步骤时该树脂转变为热固性状态。
第一粘接层18优选地包括DYLARK，这是NOVA Chemicals，Inc.制造的一种苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物。更优选的粘接层是DYLARK481。DYLARK显示出与酚醛树脂浸渍牛皮纸制的第一芯材层16优秀的接合特性。DYLARK还显示出与铅层20优秀的粘接特性，详见下述。
至于DYLARK与酚醛树脂浸渍牛皮纸的接合，其优异的接合特性来源于DYLARK共聚物中存在的马来酸酐的羧基。羧基与酚醛树脂接合时产生非常稳定的层压板。虽然DYLARK是按照本发明优选的粘接层材料，在不脱离本发明精神的条件下也可使用功能和结构相同的其它聚合物。
至于DYLARK与铅层20的接合，其优异的接合特性来源于DYLARK的酸基与铅表面层接合的稳定性。
铅层20的厚度优选地是约0.476cm至约0.3175cm。这个厚度范围使层压板足以防止不希望的辐射通过，也便于制造和安装。然而，技术熟练人员可以理解，所需铅层厚度是根据用途和与其配合的X-射线设备的功率确定的。在不脱离本发明精神的条件下可以使用不同的厚度。最终，铅层的适当厚度是根据一系列因素综合考虑确定的，例如，此厚度是否可以用普通的层压板加工工具，价格，铅的防辐射通过能力，以及加入铅层是否超重等来确定。
虽然本装饰性层压板的结构中使用铅作为优选材料，在不脱离本发明精神的条件下也可以使用其它防辐射材料。
第二粘接层22将铅层20接合到剩余的芯材层24，26上，其方式与第一粘接层18相同。特别，第二粘接层22也优选地是DYLARK。
最后，三个芯材层24，26，28向着装饰性层10的第二面34延伸，它们优选地为酚醛树脂浸渍板材，实质上与上述第一芯材层16相同。
按照本发明，装饰层压板10的成形与普通装饰层压板很相似。各层首先叠置和放置在钢板之间。层压板叠层随后在温度范围121-160℃和压力约56.24kg/cm2至112.48kg/cm2下经足够的时间(通常约25min至1h)以压实层压板的固化树脂，更具体地说，已发现在层压板叠层经受的温度超过DYLARK481的玻璃化转变温度(133℃)时，可获得满意的接合效果。事实上，我们的试验显示，在温度约141℃和压力1000psi(磅/英寸2)下压制20min可获得满意的接合，以及在温度约151℃和压力70.3kg/cm2下压制20min可在酚醛树脂层，DYLARK和铅层之间产生更强的接合。
压力和热迫使树脂在纸板材内流动，固化和压实板材成为一致的层压板物质，在技术中称为装饰性高压层压板。通常，多张层压板同时成形。多张层压板的成形方式为插入一组成叠的装配的板材，在装配的板材之间放置隔离板材以便分离叠置在一起的不同的层压板。压实之后，隔离板材可使单独的层压板分离开。
参见图2，一旦成形后，层压板10可用于普通方式建造墙壁板系统30(见图2)，地面铺板32(见图3)和家具34(见图4)。事实上，这种层压板可用于建造希望防止辐射渗透的各种结构。
可以设想，本层压板特别适合于建造必须隔离经常暴露于辐射的房间，不管用于医学、研究或工业目的。考虑这一点，可以设想本发明的层压板可用于建造天花板和墙壁板、地板、家具、型架、橱柜和门包层、防护屏以及需要有效防止由隔离容器辐射泄漏的其它器件。
虽然示出和陈述了不同的最佳实施例，应该理解，本发明不应局限于这些公开内容，而应覆盖所附权利要求书限定的本发明精神和范围内的全部改进和代替的结构。

Claims (10)

1.一种层压板，包括：
第一树脂浸渍层；以及
一辐射阻挡层。
2.按照权利要求1的层压板，其特征在于第一树脂浸渍层是酚醛树脂浸渍层。
3.按照权利要求1或2的层压板，其特征在于辐射阻挡层是铅板材。
4.一种层压板，包括：
一聚合物层；
一粘接层；以及
一铅层。
5.按照权利要求4或8的层压板，其特征在于粘接层是苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物。
6.按照权利要求4或5的层压板，其特征在于聚合物层是树脂浸渍层。
7.一种层压板，包括：
装饰层；
第一树脂浸渍芯材层；
一辐射阻挡层；以及
第二树脂浸渍芯材层。
8.按照权利要求1或7的层压板，它还具有第一粘接层，用以连接第一树脂浸渍层和辐射阻挡层。
9.按照权利要求8的层压板，它还具有第二粘接层，用以连接第二树脂浸渍层和辐射阻挡层。
10.按照权利要求9的层压板，其特征在于第二粘接层是苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物。
CNB01122603XA 2000-08-28 2001-06-26 防辐射层压板 Expired - Fee Related CN1207727C (zh)

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US09/649,089 US6495265B1 (en) 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Radiation shielded laminate

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TW562738B (en) 2003-11-21
CN1207727C (zh) 2005-06-22
US6495265B1 (en) 2002-12-17
CA2344881A1 (en) 2002-02-28
DE60100531D1 (de) 2003-09-04
KR100430736B1 (ko) 2004-05-10
EP1187144B1 (en) 2003-07-30
CA2344881C (en) 2004-07-06
KR20020018043A (ko) 2002-03-07
AU763345B2 (en) 2003-07-17
ATE246393T1 (de) 2003-08-15

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