CN1309038A - 可释放的车门止挡装置 - Google Patents

可释放的车门止挡装置 Download PDF

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CN1309038A
CN1309038A CN01104573A CN01104573A CN1309038A CN 1309038 A CN1309038 A CN 1309038A CN 01104573 A CN01104573 A CN 01104573A CN 01104573 A CN01104573 A CN 01104573A CN 1309038 A CN1309038 A CN 1309038A
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car door
elastic component
stop
hammer
stop device
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CN1166850C (zh
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比尔·奇恩·旺格·恩
鲁道夫·格鲁伯
戴维·H·格朗丹埃特
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MALTIMATIK CO
Ford Motor Co
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Ford Motor Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
    • E05C17/20—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide
    • E05C17/203—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide concealed, e.g. for vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/08—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing with special means for release, e.g. automatic release by further opening
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
    • E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
    • E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
    • E05C17/04—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing
    • E05C17/12—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod
    • E05C17/20—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide
    • E05C17/22—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means with a movable bar or equivalent member extending between frame and wing consisting of a single rod sliding through a guide with braking, clamping or securing means in the guide

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

一种可释放的车门止挡装置,包括:具有一能量存储装置和引导机构的支架;一具有凸轮擒纵装置的臂,臂连接到车辆上并与支架的引导机构对接;安装到一弹性件上的一碰锤装置,弹性件可防止碰锤平行于臂中心线平移但可使之垂直于臂中心线平移;以及结合在臂自由端的一钩形件,钩形件与碰锤互锁;当车门到达其预定中间止挡位置时,弹性件可使碰锤与钩形件配合而提供足够运动阻力,当简便地压迫弹性件而使碰锤脱离钩形件时可使车门释放。

Description

可释放的车门止挡装置
本发明涉及一种机械装置，该装置能够主动地防止车门转离预定位置，并且需要时可简便地用单手释放就可进一步转动。
商用运货车一般都具有卸货门，这些卸货门需要打开的角度都比车辆上其它挡板大。这些门通常设计成活动范围为180度，并且在某些情况下甚至为270度，而标准的乘客车门转动角度只不过90度。在其它车辆挡板的应用情况下，需要用一预定力使门在许多个预定打开位置止挡以保证乘客和货物方便且安全地进入/退出。一般情况下是利用足以抵挡风吹和在一斜坡上停车所产生的作用力的动力来克服车门的活动而使之停在至少一个打开位置上。另外，已经发现采用一坚硬的挡块来阻止转动而有效地使车辆的卸货门停止在一预定角度是很用的，并且这在某些国家已通过立法作了规定。这种中间止挡通常是置于90度并且设计成不会由于操作者所产生的负载而使门转过停止位置。这种中间挡块设计可用一些手动方法拆除，这样卸货门可摆过其剩余的活动范围而到达其完全打开位置的挡块处。
参见图1至图4，最普通形式的车门止挡件是一机械装置，该装置藉由可释放地存储相应于系统的受迫运动的能量来抵止运动。在运货汽车中，最普通形式的车门止挡件就象一自治的机械组件并与门铰链分离。此装置通常包括含有某种形式的能量存储装置、如人造橡胶弹簧的门或车体安装架(1)以及具有与决定止挡件位置和作用力的凸轮擒纵装置的臂(2)。完全打开门挡一般设计成结合在铰链组件中，而中间挡块一般包括在门止挡装置中。此中间挡块通常由安装到门止挡臂(2)端部的一块板(3)构成，以防止其相对支架(1)运动。中间挡块拆除方法方法很多，但最常用的是手动地将臂从安装支架(4)或枢转端(5)上脱离。此类手动脱离方法较难操作并且在许多情况下当门关闭时要靠操作人员再将其连接上去。确实有一些系统是能自动再连接的，只是仍需要用双手进行拆除，而且结构复杂并易被腐蚀和磨损，并已证实由于它们通常有大量的钳夹点而对操作人员有危险。
本发明目的在于简化拆除和启动一运货车辆车门中间挡块的操作。具体地，是将中间挡块装在一自治的车门止挡组件中并且提供用一个手指就可进行脱离和自动再连接的机构。
本发明基本方面为：一种用于车辆卸货门的车门止挡和止挡装置，包括：一支架，具有一能量存储装置和用于牢固地安装到一车门上的引导机构；一具有凸轮擒纵装置的臂，所述臂永久地枢转连接到车辆车体结构上并且与所述支架中的引导机构对接；一碰锤装置，牢固地安装到一弹性件上，所述弹性件可防止所述碰锤平行于所述臂中心线平移但可使之垂直于所述臂中心线平移；以及一钩形件，结合在所述臂自由端，所述钩形件可与所述碰锤互锁；当所述车门到达其预定的中间止挡位置时，所述弹性件可使所述碰锤与钩形件配合，而提供足够运动阻力，而当简便地压迫弹性件而使所述碰锤脱离钩形件时可使车门被释放。
本发明的车门止挡和止挡装置的其它方面为：
(a)弹性件牢固地安装到支架上以形成由支架、弹性件和碰锤构成的整体组件；
(b)弹性件具有一与滑杆和轴衬对接的拉片，以安装到车门结构上，便于简单地拆除碰锤；
(c)弹性件连接有一拉绳，该拉绳露在车门外以便于简单地拆除碰锤；
(d)弹性件用高强度弹簧钢制成；
(e)弹性件用诸如碳素纤维的高强度复合材料制成。
图1是普通运货车辆车门铰链和止挡机构的遮面掀开后的立体图；
图2是一种现有的普通车门止挡件的遮面掀开后的立体图；
图3是一种现有的普通车门止挡件立体图，其臂已脱离臂枢转端；
图4是一种现有的普通车门止挡件立体图，其臂已脱离支架；
图5是表示本发明止挡组件各部件的立体图；
图6是表示本发明止挡组件的碰锤和钩形件的特写图；
图7是本发明止挡组件处于止挡释放位置的局部图；
图8是本发明止挡组件处于止挡释放位置的局部图，并且具有一拉片和滑杆；
图9是本发明止挡组件处于止挡释放位置的局部图，并且具有一释放拉绳；
图10是本发明止挡组件处于车门完全打开位置(180°)的局部图。
以下将参照附图5至10描述一较佳实施例。一门止挡臂6藉由一插架8和转销9而永久地可枢转地连接到车辆7本体结构上。臂6包括一凸轮擒纵装置10，该装置可决定止挡位置和作用力。臂6穿过牢固地连接到车辆车门结构12上的支架11。支架11包括一由弹簧、人造橡胶或现有技术中已知的类似部件所构成的能量存储装置以及由滚珠、滚轮、滑动件或现有技术中已知的类似部件所构成的臂引导构件。臂6包括一钩形件13，该钩形件设计成当门到达中间止挡位置时可与一碰锤14互锁。碰锤14牢固地安装到一弹性件15上，该弹性件可用于约束碰锤14平行于臂6中心线平移运动，但有利于垂直于臂6中心线平移运动。碰锤和弹性件也可设计成具有足够的结构硬度和强度以提供足够的阻力克服支架和臂之间的运动，这样可满足或超过中间挡块负载要求。另外，弹性件15的几何形状设计为使碰锤偏置到钩形件中，这样当门转到中间止挡位置时可自动配合。
弹性件15可用于直接安装到支架11上而形成支架、弹性件和碰锤的一整个组件。用手压迫弹性件以产生垂直于臂中心线的碰锤平移运动可使碰锤从钩形件中脱离。另一种脱离碰锤的方法是在弹性件中结合一拉片16并且设计成与一滑杆17和轴衬18对接，而适于安装到车门结构12上。滑杆17设计成使操作人员易于触及，并且当被推压时，可提供足够的作用力和使弹性件运动，这样碰锤可垂直于臂中心线平移并且从钩形件中脱离。以此方式，用一个手指推动滑杆17就可使卸货门中间挡块拆除，并且当弹性件将碰锤偏置成钩形件配合时又可自动地再配合。另外，也可采用一拉绳19安装到碰锤上，用来使碰锤从钩形件中脱离而使臂从其止挡位置释放。

Claims (14)

1．一种用于车辆卸货门的车门止挡和止挡装置，包括：
(a)一支架，具有一能量存储装置和用于牢固地安装到一车门上的引导机构；
(b)一具有凸轮擒纵装置的臂，所述臂永久地枢转连接到车辆车体结构上并且与所述支架中的引导机构对接；
(c)一碰锤装置，牢固地安装到一弹性件上，所述弹性件可防止所述碰锤平行于所述臂中心线平移但可使之垂直于所述臂中心线平移；以及
(d)一钩形件，结合在所述臂自由端，所述钩形件可与所述碰锤互锁；
(e)当所述车门到达其预定的中间止挡位置时，所述弹性件可使所述碰锤与钩形件配合，而提供足够运动阻力，而当简便地压迫弹性件而使所述碰锤脱离钩形件时可使车门被释放。
2．如权利要求1所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件牢固地安装到所述支架上，而形成一由所述支架、弹性件和碰锤组成的整体组件。
3．如权利要求1所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件具有一与滑杆和轴衬组件对接的拉片，用于安装于车门结构上而便于拆除碰锤的简单操作。
4．如权利要求2所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件具有一与滑杆和轴衬组件对接的拉片，用于安装于车门结构上而便于拆除碰锤的简单操作。
5．如权利要求1所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件连接有一拉绳，所述拉绳在车门外而便于拆除碰锤的简单操作。
6．如权利要求2所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件连接有一拉绳，所述拉绳在车门外而便于拆除碰锤的简单操作。
7．如权利要求1所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用高强度弹簧钢制成。
8．如权利要求2所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用高强度弹簧钢制成。
9．如权利要求3所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用高强度弹簧钢制成。
10．如权利要求4所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用高强度弹簧钢制成。
11．如权利要求1所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用诸如碳素纤维的高强度复合材料制成。
12．如权利要求2所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用诸如碳素纤维的高强度复合材料制成。
13．如权利要求3所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性件用诸如碳素纤维的高强度复合材料制成。
14．如权利要求4所述的车门止挡和止挡装置，其特征在于，所述弹性 件用诸如碳素纤维的高强度复合材料制成。
CNB011045736A 2000-02-15 2001-02-15 可释放的车门止挡装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1166850C (zh)

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CA002298853A CA2298853C (en) 2000-02-15 2000-02-15 Releasable automotive door stop

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US6438794B2 (en) 2002-08-27
US20010013154A1 (en) 2001-08-16
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MXPA01001660A (es) 2003-08-20
ES2270908T3 (es) 2007-04-16
EP1126111B1 (en) 2006-07-26
DE60121645T2 (de) 2007-07-26
BR0100474A (pt) 2001-09-11
DE60121645D1 (de) 2006-09-07
ATE334288T1 (de) 2006-08-15
EP1126111A2 (en) 2001-08-22
CA2298853A1 (en) 2001-08-15
JP2001288948A (ja) 2001-10-19
BR0100474B1 (pt) 2009-05-05
CA2298853C (en) 2005-05-10
KR100724767B1 (ko) 2007-06-04
EP1126111A3 (en) 2002-04-24
CN1166850C (zh) 2004-09-15

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