CN1272173A - 干燥器-热交换器 - Google Patents

干燥器-热交换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1272173A
CN1272173A CN98809647A CN98809647A CN1272173A CN 1272173 A CN1272173 A CN 1272173A CN 98809647 A CN98809647 A CN 98809647A CN 98809647 A CN98809647 A CN 98809647A CN 1272173 A CN1272173 A CN 1272173A
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drier
opening
passage
pellet
product material
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CN1110679C (zh
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汉斯·盖斯比勒
菲利波·泰拉西
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Polymetrix AG
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Buehler AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/06Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
    • B29B13/065Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/16Auxiliary treatment of granules
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于对PET粒料或等类似物进行热处理的干燥器—热交换器,其中,与通常的竖井不同,干燥器仅在整个横截面上具有一个通道。它以气体可穿过的板(6)为边界,以便能得到均匀、良好的产品料通流,这使得产品料能够在高速度下不扬起,从而达到短时加热。

Description

干燥器—热交换器
本发明涉及一种用于对PET或PA、PEN粒料进行干燥或SSP(固态缩聚)预处理(没有粘连地逐渐加热)的干燥器或热交换器,也可以用于干燥其它的颗粒状松散材料。
在固态下PET的结晶及后冷凝方法及设备早已为大家熟悉。固态下PET的后冷凝(SSP)在200℃以上的温度中进行,在合适的反应器或干燥器中持续数个小时。问题在于,如何在尽量小的耗费下得到高产量与高质量的材料。所使用的工艺在完成PET的均匀加热的同时还要将反应产品料排出。
已公知,使用顶干燥器(Daechertrockner)或柱干燥器来对PET-粒料进行SSP处理。DE-A-4300913中给出了一个带顶状内装件的预热器,以便在逆流中得到均匀的气流。这些内装件应完成产品料流的均匀化(相对运动并防止粘连),同时还要减低堆积压力。同样公知的是一种带有网状内装件的竖井反应器(DE-C-2753543),不过这类内装件的制造费用高。
在CH-PS-314655中给出了一种用于除尘和将颗粒状材料进行分级的装置。在此,下落中的产品料,通过一个向上的空气流均匀地进行除尘。空气在侧向在一个置换体旁或之下进入该装置。
同样,已公知对果仁、咖啡豆等进行干燥的干燥器,它主要由一个具有两个加热区的上件和具有冷却区的一个下件构成。
产品料在一个窄通道内从上往下经过干燥器/烘烤器。通道的纵向侧面由带有线网的网格烘烤器组成。通道宽度可改变、网格烘烤器可以取下。不足之处是构件空间尺寸较小,限制了较长停顿时间条件下达到高的产品料通过量。简单的“堆置”在工艺技术上是不可行的。这种干燥器/烘烤器是依靠空气驱动的,不密封。受处理产品料的聚结问题无关紧要。此外,产品料相对大,它们的堆积密度低。
本发明的任务是:改进前面提到的现有技术,提供一种干燥器,用于对粒料、特别是PET、PEN或PA粒料,进行热的预处理。它有大的结构高度,在产品料流的长和短的停顿时间中有大的流量。
该任务被这样完成,在普通的截面为圆形或方形的干燥器中,设置一个通道,其侧壁是穿孔板类构件。通道宽度最好为25至40cm,其长度可至大约3.5m,高度可达到或超过15m。通道的下部可安装一个置换体和/或转向构件。
这样能够达到高的气体通过量,无松漏,并因此缩短加热时间,而且造价低、构件尺寸较小。
在迎着产品料流分开通气(交叉、逆气流)的情况下,实现精细分布的气流、即产品料的良好通流是必要的。
产品料停顿的时间通常为1~2小时。为了实现产品料的良好穿流,以及相对大至较小的压力损失,穿孔板上具有仅为几个mm公称尺寸的孔,或者代替穿孔板,而使用开有细缝开口的板(覆盖部分或全部通道表面)。
外部包壳呈长方形或圆形(抗压力冲击、可维护性)。其余平行于气流的内装件可安装在通道中,如交替向下倾斜的板,用于避免因不移动而导致的粒料的粘连。
以下借助于一个实施例及其图例对本发明进行详细说明。其中:
图1:干燥器的纵剖图,
图2:图1中的剖视图,
图3:通道的壁,
图4:通道壁的横截面,
图5:通道中一个阻碍件(内装件)的实施形式。
干燥器—热交换器由一个矩形壳体1组成,它拥有一个产品料入口2和一个产品出口3、以及加热和冷却气体的进入与排出的接管4和5。
在内部,在产品料入口2与产品出口3之间是一条通道用于处理产品。该通道具有可让空气通过的板6,它跨过壳体1的整个宽度因而构成了通道的边界。在需要的情况下,该板6还可以安装成柔性可动的,使通道的宽度可调。有利的是,该板6应根据其担负任务的不同,如将气体分流或防止灰尘阻塞,而对于气体进入和排出是不同的。它在通道内沿产品料流动的方向上,拥有波纹形或刀状的内装件(8),并且/或者板6可以自身呈弯曲状。板6自身同样沿产品料流动方向有开口9(孔、缝隙、或网格),过程气体和灰尘以及其他类似物能不受阻拦地通过它们排出。同时,这些开口9的大小,应使比较粗的颗粒,如熔融的发丝(Engelshaare),不能通过,通过粒料实现口9的自清洁。开口9采用锥形的构造能够有效地防止开口9的污染。
产品、如PET-粒料通过产品料入口2进入由板6构成边界的通道内,缓慢地通过此通道,到产品出口3。加热气体10,如氮气,通过接管4穿过板6的开口9而进入通道内,以交叉气流或逆流流过粒料。通过接管4′,加热气体10在通道的整个区域内循环。用过的加热气体10经过接管4″排出,并以公知的方式再循环利用。冷却气体可以通过接管5进入,以类似方式流过粒料,并由接管5′离开干燥器排出。
达到高的气体流速而又不使产品料扬起。获得短时间加热及高的产品通过量。干燥/后冷凝和冷却的工艺控制,就通道内粒料的温度控制和停顿时间而言,以一般的公知方式进行。
通过玻璃观察孔/维护口7能够对上述过程进行跟踪监视。
由PET、PEN、PA及类似物组成的粒料,作为输出产品,质均匀,杂质少,不聚结。经干燥器处理后,这些粒料结晶,其堆积密度大约提高2-5%,并呈均匀的粒料形状。温度分布是均匀的,可能发生的低熔点不再可见。
这是通过使加热气体10在一个狭窄的、低压产品柱中交变地流过产品料(交叉流或逆流)实现的。它受到内装件8的支持。板6上相对细小的开口9通过加热气体的压力损失在通道壁上起良好的气体分布作用。
                          参考标号表
1  壳体
2  产品料入口
3  产品出口
4  接管
4′接管
4″接管
5  接管
5′接管
6  板
7  玻璃观察孔/维护口
8  内装件
9  开口
10 加热气体

Claims (7)

1.一种用于对颗粒状松散物料进行热处理的干燥器—热交换器,特别是例如PET—粒料或类似物的干燥或SSP—预处理,具有一个壳体(1),拥有一个产品料入口(2)和一个产品出口(3),以及用于过程气体的进入与排出的接管(4,5),和一个气体可通过的用来处理粒料的通道,其特征为:通道由具有开口(9)的构件构成边界,其中,开口(9)的尺寸比粒料颗粒的尺寸要小。
2.如权利要求1所述的干燥器,其特征为:这些构件是板(6),它们的开口(9)是孔形或缝槽状。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的干燥器,其特征为:开口(9)为缝槽状和锥形,其中,开口(9)的宽度在板(6)与产品料接触的一侧小于与产品料相背离侧上的宽度。
4.如权利要求1所述的干燥器,其特征为:通道具有缝槽形、长方形或环形的截面形状。
5.如权利要求1所述的干燥器,其特征为:通道内安置了内装件(8)形式的阻碍件。
6.如权利要求1所述的干燥器,其特征为:在产品料入口(2)区域安装了一个静态的分配器。
7.如权利要求1至3之一所述的干燥器,其特征为:开口(9)呈缝槽状,安置于产品料流动方向上。
CN98809647A 1997-10-01 1998-08-20 干燥器-热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN1110679C (zh)

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DE19743461A DE19743461A1 (de) 1997-10-01 1997-10-01 Trockner-Wärmetauscher
DE19743461.4 1997-10-01

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CN1110679C CN1110679C (zh) 2003-06-04

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EP (1) EP1019663B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001519522A (zh)
KR (1) KR100490025B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1110679C (zh)
AT (1) ATE225024T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU743511B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9811512A (zh)
CA (1) CA2307043A1 (zh)
DE (2) DE19743461A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2181252T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1029391A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1999018404A1 (zh)

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US6374510B1 (en) 2002-04-23
EP1019663B1 (de) 2002-09-25
ES2181252T3 (es) 2003-02-16
CN1110679C (zh) 2003-06-04
BR9811512A (pt) 2000-09-12
HK1029391A1 (en) 2001-03-30
DE19743461A1 (de) 1999-04-08
AU8621598A (en) 1999-04-27
ATE225024T1 (de) 2002-10-15
JP2001519522A (ja) 2001-10-23
DE59805733D1 (de) 2002-10-31
CA2307043A1 (en) 1999-04-15
WO1999018404A1 (de) 1999-04-15
KR100490025B1 (ko) 2005-05-17
EP1019663A1 (de) 2000-07-19
KR20010022852A (ko) 2001-03-26
AU743511B2 (en) 2002-01-24

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