CN1270600C - Method for cultivating disease resistance tomato breeds of standing against store and transportation and long shelf life - Google Patents
Method for cultivating disease resistance tomato breeds of standing against store and transportation and long shelf life Download PDFInfo
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- CN1270600C CN1270600C CNB031326374A CN03132637A CN1270600C CN 1270600 C CN1270600 C CN 1270600C CN B031326374 A CNB031326374 A CN B031326374A CN 03132637 A CN03132637 A CN 03132637A CN 1270600 C CN1270600 C CN 1270600C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a breeding method of a tomato variety with resistance to storage and transportation, a long shelf life and strong disease resistance, which comprises selection of parent system material, parent propagation and hybridization seed production: system selection of a line with stable characters as a female parent from a Dutch Birley variety as breeding material through monotypic passage by 5 generations, and system selection of a line with stable characters as a male parent from an Israeli R144 variety as breeding material through pedigree by 6 generations for breeding a first hybrid generation. The tomato first hybrid generation bred with the method of the present invention has the characteristics of strong plant growth potential, dark green plant, fine blades, favorable fruiting capacity (5 to 7 fruit on each spike in average), no green edge of immature fruit, red mature fruit, uniform fruit size, smooth round and normal fruit, average single fruit weight of 160 to 180 g, no crack, high hardness of 5.1 kg/cm<2>, resistance to storage and transportation, shelf life as long as 20 to 25 days, resistance to ToMV, blight and greensickness, and suitability for greenhouse culture.
Description
(1) technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of breeding method of variety of crops, specifically a kind of breeding method of tomato variety.
(2) background technology
Tomato nutrient is abundant, and has health care, so tomato is one of main in the world vegetable growing kind.Tomato also plays a part very importantly in China's vegetable supply, occupies an important position in the structural readjustment of rural industry.Therefore China's open country and protection ground tomato cultivation area constantly enlarge, and the plantation area of tomato accounts for about 40% in the protection ground.Tomato is again the main exit product that China develops export-oriented agricultural simultaneously, finds a good sale in countries such as Russia.Particularly after the China's entry into the WTO, no matter the outlet of vegetables still is that price has more intense competitive advantage from cost.
At present, the tomato variety seed of China's export trade type from national imports such as Holland, Israel, costs an arm and a leg mostly, and every kilogram is ten thousand yuan of about 8-10, is about 200 times of tomato in China seed price.China also is not more suitable for being suitable for long season in storage tolerance, the shelf life length of China's geography and planting environment and cultivates special-purpose tomato variety.
Therefore must cultivate the storage tolerance that has independent intellectual property right, suitable greenhouse long season cultivation tomato new varieties, replacing external import tomato variety is the task of top priority.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shelf life length, storage tolerance, long season cultivation, the breeding method of the tomato variety that the long disease resistance of disease-resistant, degeneration-resistant storage tolerance shelf life is strong.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: it comprises the selection of parent system material, parent propagation and hybrid seeding, Birley kind with Dutch RIJK ZWAAN is a breeding material, utilize list go down to posterity method through 5 generation system select proterties and stablize strain 94-125-1 and be female parent; R144 kind with Israel Hazera company is a breeding material, utilize pedigree method through 6 generation system select good stable strain 94-208-5 and be male parent, a hybridization generation is numbered the 99-5 combination.
Its parent system propagation method comprises the field planting of growing seedlings, field management and seed collection, adopt the sowing of hotbed or greenhouse, broadcast the 20-25 gram for every mu, seedling age 55-60 days, when seedling age 7-8 sheet true leaf, plant field planting during up to 25cm, the field planting of this difference of father and mother, distance isolation 50-100 rice, field planting seeding row spacing 60-65cm * 28-30cm, mu is counted the 3000-3200 strain with the seedling strain, use sufficient base manure, irrigate field planting water, watered one time water behind the slow seedling in 5-7 days, timely built, tie up climing, training, prune, the training of employing single pole can be gathered when the little flavescence of fruit, collects seed in after-ripening 2-3 days behind the fruit harvesting again, together clamp-on and make its fermentation in the nonmetallic vessel planting subband glue flesh thing, 25 ℃-30 ℃, stop fermentation after 1-2 days, clean, dry the moisture of the surface of the seed then, move to the natural seasoning of shady and cool ventilation place; Seed is placed on the storage down of low temperature, drying condition.
The 94-125-1 parent material was gathered 30 days than the 94-208-5 parent material is late.
Has breakthrough kind, depend on that key breeding material is a germ plasm resource, the present invention is in order to enlarge the tomato dna resource, from the U.S., Israel, Holland, France, Spain, Korea S, Japan, country introduces tomato new varieties (all F1 generation) as Birley surplus the Sweden etc. ten, R144, Garry, Camelia, Diomond, Beatrice, Cairo, Rromana, Catrira, Harvese, Deng surplus 200 parts, adopt pedigree method from the R144 offspring of Israel Hazera company, select for system through 5-6, in per generation, all carried out artificial disease resistance evaluation in seedling stage, and ripe fruit carries out hardness and shelf life is measured.Select elite plant strain 94-208-5, contain slow ripe gene (rin gene) principal character and be: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the indeterminate growth type, color is dark green, and blade is thinner, and the fruit young fruit does not have blue or green shoulder, ripe little Huang, annesl not, performance is good as a result, 5-7 as a result of every fringe, mean fruit weight 160-180 gram, medium-sized fruit, dehiscent fruit not, the hardness of fruit reaches 8.0kg/cm greatly
2, storage tolerance, shelf life reach 60 days.Anti-TMV, fusarium wilt.From the Dutch RIJK ZWAAN Birley of company kind offspring, utilize the list method that goes down to posterity from Birley, through five generations system select, select and stablize elite plant strain 94-125-1, the main feature of this strain is: the indeterminate growth type, and growth potential is strong, and the plant color is green, medium blade, young fruit do not have blue or green shoulder, and mellow fruit is red, fruit shape circle, smooth rounding, mean fruit weight 160-180 gram, be medium-sized fruit, anti-ToMV, verticillium wilt, fruit is dehiscent fruit not, storage tolerance.
It is strong that the F 1 hybrid of tomato 99-5 that adopts method of the present invention to cultivate is combined as the plant strain growth gesture, and plant is dark green, and blade is thinner, performance is good as a result, 5-7 of average every fringe fruit, crude fruit does not have blue or green shoulder, and maturation is red, the fruit size evenly, smooth rounding, mean fruit weight 160-180 gram, not dehiscent fruit, hardness is big, reaches 5.1kg/cm
2, storage tolerance, shelf life reach 20-25 days, and anti-ToMV, fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt are fit to greenhouse culture.
(4) specific embodiments
(1) parent material system of selection.
Has breakthrough kind, depend on key breeding material (germ plasm resource), this problem is in order to enlarge the tomato dna resource, from the U.S., Israel, Holland, France, Spain, Korea S, Japan, country introduces tomato new varieties (all F1 generation) as Birley surplus the Sweden etc. ten, R144, Garry, Camelia, Diomond, Beatrice, Cairo, Rromana, Catrira, Harvese, Deng surplus 200 parts, adopt pedigree method from the R144 offspring of Israel Hazera company, select for system through 5-6, in per generation, all carried out artificial disease resistance evaluation in seedling stage, and ripe fruit carries out hardness and shelf life is measured.Select elite plant strain 94-208-5, contain slow ripe gene (rin gene) principal character and be: the plant strain growth gesture is strong, the indeterminate growth type, color is dark green, and blade is thinner, and the fruit young fruit does not have blue or green shoulder, ripe little Huang, annesl not, performance is good as a result, 5-7 as a result of every fringe, mean fruit weight 160-180 gram, medium-sized fruit, dehiscent fruit not, the hardness of fruit reaches 8.0kg/cm greatly
2, storage tolerance, shelf life reach 60 days.Anti-TMV, fusarium wilt.From the Dutch RIJK ZWAAN Birley of company kind offspring, utilize the list method that goes down to posterity, through five generations system select, select and stablize elite plant strain 94-125-1, the main feature of this strain is: the indeterminate growth type, and growth potential is strong, and the plant color is green, medium blade, young fruit do not have blue or green shoulder, and mellow fruit is red, fruit shape circle, smooth rounding, mean fruit weight 160-180 gram, be medium-sized fruit, anti-ToMV, verticillium wilt, fruit is dehiscent fruit not, storage tolerance.
(2) parent system propagation
Comprise the field planting of growing seedlings, field management and seed collection technology, tomato is grown seedlings at the annual mid or late March of Border in Harbin Area, adopt the sowing of hotbed or greenhouse, every mu, broadcast the 20-25 gram, seedling age 55-60 days, when seedling age 7-8 sheet true leaf, plant field planting during, the field planting of this difference of father and mother up to 25cm, distance isolation 50-100 rice, field planting seeding row spacing 60-65cm * 28-30cm, mu is counted the 3000-3200 strain with the seedling strain, uses sufficient every mu of 5000kg of base manure, irrigate field planting water, watered one time water behind the slow seedling in 5-7 days, in time built, tie up climing, prune, prune, adopt the single pole training.Too early do not collect seed when 94-208-5 parent maturation does not change redness, generally early in August can, the 94-125-1 parent material was gathered 30 days evening, but can not be too late, spending evening may germinate in fruit, influences seed production, can gather when the little flavescence of fruit.Collecting seed in after-ripening 2-3 days behind the fruit harvesting, together clamp-on and make its fermentation in the nonmetallic vessel planting subband glue flesh thing, stop fermentation behind 25 ℃-30 ℃ of the fermentation temperatures, 1-2 days, seed fermentation should be noted 2 points: one, fermentation time is not long, otherwise influences percentage of seedgermination.Two, do not use the ironware ware, otherwise blackout.Clean, the moisture that dries the surface of the seed then moves to the natural seasoning of shady and cool ventilation place; Seed is placed on the storage down of low temperature, drying condition.
(3) cross-breeding method
In extensive hybrid seed is produced, should under the prerequisite of ensuring the quality of products, make great efforts to improve the unit are seed production, and reduce production costs as far as possible, increase economic efficiency, in the seed quality index, mainly be germination rate and purity.Generally require seed purity more than 98%.Be to guarantee hybrid purity, in whole management process, should note following aspect:
A. be strictly on guard against entanglement: sow, grow seedlings, field planting and a plurality of production links such as gather, all wants strict and prevent this mechanical admixture of entanglement and father and mother, and the combination of the production of hybrid seeds is more for a long time, more should pay special attention to.
B. parent's roguing: be mixed with assorted strain among the parent, in management process, must note observing, in time pull out.Repeatedly carry out the field and verify, the impure parental plant of strict removing.
C. strict hybridization program: necessarily according to the requirement of seeding technique rules, castrate in earnest, pollination work, should implement the special messenger and be responsible for plucking male parent flower, produce fetching and delivering and custodianship of pollen and pollen.
D. note gathering mark: plant really and necessarily gather according to fixing hybridization mark after the maturation, Marks Illegible is not received without exception with the fruit of falling the ground, is strictly on guard against mistake.
In order to improve seed quality, should note following several respects work
A. select to be fit to the area, to set up and stablize the base, have approximately 30 days temperature in daily mean temperature about 21-25 ℃, sunshine abundance, the weather conditions that rainwater is less.
B. it is maternal should selecting 94-125-1, precocious, growth potential is strong, disease resistance is strong, seed is many in the fruit, reproduction coefficient is high, and 94-208-5 (containing slow ripe gene) growth potential is general, and in evening in maturing stage, the interior seed content of fruit is few.
C. when the production of hybrid seeds, male parent was sowed prior to maternal 1 week, to guarantee pollination enough pollen was arranged.
D. take the big flower bud phase to castrate, the florescence pollination is than the castration of flower bud phase, bud pollination fruiting rate height, and seed production is many, and pollinating to blooming from the flower bud phase needed every 1-2 days, can repeat pollination if run into the rainy day.Earlier thoroughly remove two sepals during pollination and make marks, and then pollination.
Claims (3)
1, the breeding method of the tomato variety that the long disease resistance of a kind of storage tolerance shelf life is strong, it comprises the selection of parent system material, parent propagation and hybrid seeding, it is characterized in that: the Birley kind with Dutch RIJK ZWAAN is a breeding material, utilize list go down to posterity method through 5 generation system select proterties and stablize strain 94-125-1 and be female parent; R144 kind with Israel Hazera company is a breeding material, utilize pedigree method through 6 generation system select good stable strain 94-208-5 and be male parent, a hybridization generation is numbered the 99-5 combination.
2, the breeding method of the tomato variety that the long disease resistance of storage tolerance shelf life according to claim 1 is strong, it is characterized in that: its parent system propagation method comprises the field planting of growing seedlings, field management and seed collection, adopt the sowing of hotbed or greenhouse, broadcast the 20-25 gram for every mu, seedling age 55-60 days, when seedling age 7-8 sheet true leaf, plant field planting during up to 25cm, the field planting of this difference of father and mother, distance isolation 50-100 rice, field planting seeding row spacing 60-65cm * 28-30cm, mu is counted the 3000-3200 strain with the seedling strain, uses sufficient base manure, irrigate field planting water, watered one time water, in time built behind the slow seedling in 5-7 days, tie up climing, training, beat power, adopt the single pole training, when the little flavescence of fruit, can gather, collected seed again in after-ripening 2-3 days behind the fruit harvesting, kind subband glue flesh thing is together clamp-oned made its fermentation in the nonmetallic vessel, 25 ℃-30 ℃, stop fermentation after 1-2 days, clean, dry the moisture of the surface of the seed then, move to the natural seasoning of shady and cool ventilation place; Seed is placed on the storage down of low temperature, drying condition.
3, the breeding method of the tomato variety that the long disease resistance of storage tolerance shelf life according to claim 2 is strong, it is characterized in that: the 94-125-1 parent material was gathered 30 days than the 94-208-5 parent material is late.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031326374A CN1270600C (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-27 | Method for cultivating disease resistance tomato breeds of standing against store and transportation and long shelf life |
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| CNB031326374A CN1270600C (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-27 | Method for cultivating disease resistance tomato breeds of standing against store and transportation and long shelf life |
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| CN1600075A CN1600075A (en) | 2005-03-30 |
| CN1270600C true CN1270600C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100353833C (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-12-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for breeding seeds of hybridized tomato |
| CN102652477A (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-05 | 天津朝研种苗科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating pink tomato |
| CN105706566A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-29 | 中粮屯河种业有限公司 | Method for collecting seeds bred by improved tomato variety |
| CN107593425A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-19 | 浙江科诚种业股份有限公司 | A kind of selection of storage tolerance tomato |
| CN108377861A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 东北农业大学 | Improve the organic cultivation method of tomato pol |
| CN109845638A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-06-07 | 温州科技职业学院 | A kind of storage tolerance tomato selection |
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