CN114009336A - Breeding method for processing dried muslims type leaf mustard - Google Patents
Breeding method for processing dried muslims type leaf mustard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable breeding, in particular to a breeding method of processed dried musty mustard, which is characterized in that a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A and a three-pool tall mustard selfing line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 of the brevicella stricta are hybridized to breed a new mustard variety Yongxue No. 10 (08-5-6 Ax 08g-4-2-4-31-1) suitable for processing dried musty mustard. The maximum leaf stalk length of the Yongxue No. 10 leaf prepared by the method is 45.3cm, the leaf stalk width is 2.65cm, and the leaf stalk thickness is 1.62cm, which are respectively increased by 39.38%, 99.23% and 145.45% compared with the maximum leaf of the rice straw mustard. The yield of the processed preserved vegetable of Yongxue No. 10 is 11.27 percent, which is 10.36 percent higher than that of the processed preserved vegetable of straw mustard. The yield of the Yongxu No. 10 rice straw mustard is increased by 264.81%, and the Yongxu No. 10 rice straw mustard can be harvested at one time, almost no yellow leaves exist, the labor is reduced, and the full utilization of resources is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable breeding, in particular to a breeding method for processing moldy dried vegetable type leaf mustard.
Background
Potherb mustard is commonly called potherb mustard, belongs to brassica mustard species of cruciferae, and is a variant of leaf mustard. The fresh vegetables are generally eaten after being pickled because of mustard flavor. Potherb mustards are widely planted in China and are one of the main pickled vegetables in China; potherb mustards can be planted for a plurality of times in China in general, and spring dishes collected in winter and winter, and winter dishes collected in autumn; the pickled vegetables prepared from the winter potherb mustard have excellent quality, and can avoid the adverse effect of bolting in spring, so that the cultivation area of the winter potherb mustard tends to be gradually increased. Potherb mustards are commonly used in production to be processed into potherb mustard or dried salted vegetable, and the processed potherb mustards are delicious and deeply popular with people.
The method for processing the dried potherb mustard by using the prior potherb mustard varieties needs to harvest and strip large peripheral leaves for multiple times, which wastes labor and time; meanwhile, the existing variety has to be improved in the aspects of leaf stem thickness, processing yield and yield, namely the existing potherb mustard variety has to be subjected to a new breeding method to improve the yield and the quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method for processing moldy dried vegetable type leaf mustard aiming at the problems.
A method for breeding processed moldy dried mustard comprises hybridizing a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A with an inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 of three-pool tall mustard for processing moldy dried mustard to breed a new mustard variety Yongxue No. 10 (08-5-6A x 08g-4-2-4-31-1) suitable for processing moldy dried mustard. The rice mustard is one of potherb mustard, and belongs to tillering mustard variety of mustard. The tall vegetables belong to the Arabidopsis thaliana variety of Brassica juncea.
Further, the Thelephoraceae three-pool Gaocai inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is obtained by continuous multi-generation inbred purification breeding of the three-pool Gaocai; preferably, the continuous selfing purification generation number of the Gaocai three pools is 6; preferably, the three-pond high vegetable japanese name たな, belonging to brassica juncea variety of brassica of brassicaceae, introduced from japan university and agriculture garden co; the Thelephora nankinensis three-pool Gaocai inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is bolting resistant, and has wide petioles and medium ribs, purplish red veins and strong cold resistance.
Further, the rice straw mustard continuous multi-generation selfing purification breeding is carried out to obtain the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6, and then the cytoplasmic male sterile source is taken as a female parent, the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is taken as a male parent to be hybridized to obtain F1Then, the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is used as a recurrent parent for continuous multi-generation backcross transformation to breed a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A; preferably, the generation number of the continuous selfing purification of the rice straw mustard is 6 generations; preferably, the sinapis cucullata inbred line 08-5-6 is bolting resistant, strong in tillering property, full-cracked and full-cracked leaves and strong in comprehensive disease resistance.
Further, the rice straw mustard is selected from local varieties of Yuyao city in Zhejiang province, China, is one of potherb mustards, and belongs to the brassica mustard variety of brassica in Brassicaceae.
The rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is bolting resistant, strong in tillering property, full-cracked in leaf crack and strong in comprehensive disease resistance; the selfing line 08-5-6 is transformed into a male sterile line 08-5-6A, which has the advantages of few leafy stems, strong tillering property, strong comprehensive disease resistance, bolting resistance, strong adaptability, capability of being cultivated as autumn potherb mustard and spring potherb mustard, and no bolting and flowering in the autumn potherb mustard cultivation.
Further, the cytoplasmic male sterile source is cytoplasmic male sterile line 07-50A of potherb mustard.
Further, the specific process of breeding the hybrid is as follows:
(1) transplanting the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A in the last 10 th and the last 12 th months; the three-pool tall mustard tuber inbred line of the chloranthus davidii is sowed in 3 batches at 08g-4-2-4-31-1, and is sowed synchronously with 08-5-6A, 5 days in advance and 5 days after delay respectively, and the flowering phase is prolonged to ensure that the inbred line meets the flowering phase of 08-5-6A during pollination;
(2) controlling the cultivation density of the straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 to be (1.5-2.5) to 1, the density of the 2-row straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A to be (28-32) cm multiplied by 25cm, the row spacing of the straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08 g-4-31-1 to be 35-45 cm, the plant spacing of the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 to be 18-22 cm, 3-5 m is planted in a male parent of each sowing period, and the rice parents are circularly planted in a segmented and batch mode;
(3) applying borax to prevent flowers from being fruited, applying compound fertilizers to male parents and female parents to enable the heights of the flower stages of the male parents and the female parents to be basically consistent, preventing the male parents and the female parents from lodging by inserting bamboo pole pull wires in the initial flower stage, spraying monopotassium phosphate to promote seed pod development in the flower stage, pollinating by spaghetti, cutting off the three-pool tall cabbage selfing line of the chloranthus glauca at the end of the flower stage of 08g-4-2-4-31-1, reserving a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A, and harvesting seeds on the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A to obtain seeds of Yongxue No. 10.
Further, in the step (2), the cultivation density of the oryza sativa cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the Thellungiella stricta three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 2: 1, the density of the 2-row oryza sativa cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A is 30cm multiplied by 25cm, the row spacing of the oryza sativa cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the Thellungiella stricta three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 40cm, and the plant spacing of the Thellungiella stricta three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 20 cm.
Further, the fertilization in the step (3) is carried out for every 667m2Applying 1kg of borax, each 667m of the mother lines250kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, and each 667m in father's line230kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3 percent.
Further, cultivation and harvesting of the hybrid seeds are also included after the hybrid seeds are bred, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) sowing in the last 8 th ten days of autumn and winter, planting in the middle 9 th ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle 12 th of the month; sowing in the middle ten days of 9 months in spring cultivation, planting in the middle ten days of 10 months, and harvesting in the late 3 months in the next year;
2) planting plants in autumn and winter with row spacing of 38-42 cm × 20cm, applying enough base fertilizer, and topdressing for 2-3 times;
3) planting plants in spring with row spacing of 38-42 cm multiplied by 30cm, applying enough base fertilizer, covering with a degradable silver black plastic film, with the black side facing downwards and the silver side facing upwards;
4) in areas with much rainwater, deep-groove high-ridge cultivation and ditch cleaning and drainage are paid attention to;
5)1 self-rust disease is prevented and controlled in 11 and 3 middle of the month;
6) collected before bolting in spring, and collected in mid 12 months in autumn and winter.
Furthermore, the planting row spacing in autumn and winter is 40cm multiplied by 20cm, and the base fertilizer is per 667m250kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are applied, and 40kg/667m of urea is applied in 2-3 times of total topdressing225kg/667m of ternary compound fertilizer2(ii) a The row spacing of the field planting plants in spring is 40cm multiplied by 30cm, and the base fertilizer is per 667m275kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are applied.
The specific breeding steps are as follows:
(1) the local seed of the rice straw mustard is subjected to selfing purification to obtain a selfing line 08-5-6. 08-5-6 shows bolting resistance, strong tillering property, full-splitting leaf crack and strong comprehensive disease resistance. The cytoplasmic male sterile source is used as female parent to hybridize with inbred line 08-5-6 to obtain F1 generation, and then 08-5-6 is used as recurrent parent to carry out continuous 6 generation backcross to obtain stable cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A.
(2) And (3) carrying out continuous 6-generation selfing system breeding on the three-pond tall mustard vegetables with the wide stalk, and breeding into a selfing line 08 g-4-2-4-31-1. 08g-4-2-4-31-1, wide petiole, wide middle rib and bolting resistance. (3) The new mustard variety Yongxue No. 10 is obtained by hybridization of a cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A as a female parent and 08 g-4-2-4-31-1.
In order to further improve the stem thickness, the processing yield and the yield of the potherb mustard variety used for processing the dried salted potherb mustard, the key points of breeding and cultivation are as follows: 1. the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is transformed into a male sterile line 08-5-6A. The method has the advantages of few leafy stems, strong tillering property, strong comprehensive disease resistance, bolting resistance and strong adaptability, can be used for cultivating autumn potherbs and spring potherbs, does not bolt and flower in the autumn potherb cultivation, and has strong environmental adaptability.
2. The Arabidopsis thaliana three-pool Gaocai inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is selected as a male parent. Its advantages are wide leafstalk and middle rib, and high bolting resistance.
3. The male sterile line is used for hybrid seed production, thereby avoiding manual flower bud peeling and emasculation, saving labor and having high seed production efficiency.
4. 08-5-6A and 08g-4-2-4-31-1 are hybridized to obtain Yongxue No. 10, the leaves and stems are thick, bolting resistance is realized, the Yongxue No. 10 is suitable for cultivation in autumn, winter and spring, the yield is high, the stem-leaf ratio is high, and the yield of processed dried salted vegetable is high. Can save manpower by one-time harvesting.
5. The mulching film can avoid direct contact between the lower leaves and soil, reduce plant diseases and insect pests, and finally obtain the leaf mustard which almost has no yellow leaves, thereby being beneficial to reducing resource waste, and the vegetables are not clay, convenient to clean and saving water resources.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the breeding method of the invention avoids manual flower bud peeling and emasculation, saves labor, has high seed production efficiency, and is suitable for cultivation in autumn and winter and spring; the obtained leaf mustard almost has no yellow leaves, which is beneficial to reducing resource waste; the vegetables are not clay, so that the vegetables are convenient to clean and water resources are saved. The length of the maximum petiole of the cultivated Yongxue No. 10 is 45.3cm, the width of the petiole is 2.65cm, the thickness of the petiole is 1.62cm, and the maximum petiole is respectively increased by 39.38%, 99.23% and 145.45% compared with the maximum leaf of the rice straw mustard. The yield of the processed preserved vegetable of Yongxue No. 10 is 11.27 percent, which is 10.36 percent higher than that of the processed preserved vegetable of straw mustard. The yield of Yongxue No. 10 is increased by 264.81% compared with that of straw mustard, and the Yongxue No. 10 can be harvested at one time, so that the labor is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a pedigree diagram of a breeding method for processing dried salted mustard of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of Yaxu No. 10 (left) and Dactylicapnos peltatus (right) individuals.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Bagging and selfing are carried out on local variety of the Chinese rice, grass and mustard tuber and high vegetable variety in the flowering phase of the three-pond high vegetable in 2008 to breed the inbred line. The selfing line for breeding the oryza sativa is targeted at bolting resistance, strong tillering property, full-splitting of leaf cracks and strong comprehensive disease resistance. The inbred line for breeding the three-pond Gaocai aims at bolting resistance, petiole and middle rib width and strong comprehensive disease resistance. In 2013, the oryza sativa inbred line 08-5-6 and the Sanchi Gaocai inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 are respectively bred through continuous 6-generation inbred.
(2) Hybridizing a cytoplasmic male sterile line 07-50A of potherb mustard serving as a female parent with a selfing line 08-5-6 of potherb mustard in 2013 spring to obtain F1In 2014, the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is used as a recurrent parent, and is subjected to continuous 6-generation backcross transformation to breed a novel rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A in 2019. Cytoplasmic male of ArabidopsisThe sexual sterile line 08-5-6A has the same characteristics with the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 except male sterility.
(3) In spring 2020, a new combination 08-5-6 Ax 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is obtained by taking the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A as a female parent and taking the Theobroma nana Sanchi inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 as a male parent. The test of cultivation in autumn and spring shows excellent performance, and the name is Yongxue No. 10. The genealogy spectrum of the whole breeding method is shown in figure 1.
(4) The seed production technical key points are as follows: the seeding time of the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A is preferably in late 10 months. Transplanting in last 12 months. The three-pool high vegetable inbred line of the chloranthus davidii is sowed in 3 batches at 08g-4-2-4-31-1, and is sowed synchronously with 08-5-6A, 5 days in advance and 5 days after delay respectively, and the flowering phase is prolonged to ensure that the pollination meets the flowering phase of 08-5-6A. The cultivation density of the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 2: 1, and the density of the 2-line rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A is 30cm multiplied by 25 cm. The row spacing of the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A and the Thellungiella lasiocarpa three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 40 cm. The spacing between the three-pool Gaocai inbred line of Theobroma cacumen is 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 20 cm. And planting 3-5 meters of male parents in each sowing period, and performing segmented batch circulating planting. Each 667m2Applying 1kg of borax, each 667m of the mother lines250kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, and each 667m in father's line230kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, so that the florescence heights of the parents are basically consistent. The parent and the parent are prevented from lodging by inserting bamboo pole stay wires in the initial flowering period. Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in flowering stage to promote seed pod development. Wasps are put for pollination in the initial flowering period. Cutting off the male parent Thellungiella stricta three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 at the end of flowering period, and keeping the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A. The seeds harvested on the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A are the seeds of Yongxue No. 10.
(5) The cultivation technical points are as follows: can be cultivated in autumn, winter and spring. Sowing in 8 late ten days of autumn and winter, planting in 9 middle ten days of the month, and harvesting in 12 middle ten days of the month. Sowing in the middle of 9 months of spring cultivation, planting in the middle of 10 months of spring cultivation, and harvesting in the late 3 months of the next year. Planting in autumn and winter with row spacing of 40cm × 20cm, and applying enough base fertilizer every 667m250kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are applied. Applying urea 2-3 times40kg/667m225kg/667m of ternary compound fertilizer2. The row spacing of the field planting plants in spring is 40cm multiplied by 30cm, enough base fertilizer is applied, and each 667m2Applying 75kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate, and covering the degradable silver black plastic film with the black surface facing downwards and the silver surface facing upwards. In areas with much rainwater, deep-ditch high-ridge cultivation and ditch cleaning and drainage are paid attention to. White rust was prevented 1 time in 11 and 3 middle of the month. Collected before bolting in spring.
Example 2
(1) Bagging and selfing are carried out on local potherb mustard variety caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae in flowering period from 2008 to breed the inbred line. The selfing line for breeding the oryza sativa is targeted at bolting resistance, strong tillering property, full-splitting of leaf cracks and strong comprehensive disease resistance. In 2011, wild potherb mustard of a local potherb mustard variety is bred by an inbred system, and an inbred line 11-36-2 of the wild potherb mustard is bred through continuous 5-generation inbreeding. 11-36-2 shows strong growth vigor, strong comprehensive disease resistance and excellent processing quality.
(2) Hybridizing the cytoplasmic male sterile line 07-50A of potherb mustard serving as a female parent with a rice straw mustard inbred line in 2013 spring to obtain F1In 2014, the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is used as a recurrent parent, and is subjected to continuous 6-generation backcross transformation to obtain a novel rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A in 2019. The rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterility line 08-5-6A has the same characteristics with the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 except male sterility.
(3) In spring 2019, a new combination of 30 potherb mustards is prepared by taking the cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A of the rice straw mustard as a female parent, and a combination comparison test is carried out in autumn, so that the screened combination 08-5-6 Ax 11-36-2 has excellent performance, good uniformity, strong growth potential, strong disease resistance and high yield. Multipoint variety comparison tests and production tests are carried out in Ningbo and surrounding areas in 2019, the reflection of each area is good, and 08-5-6 Ax 11-36-2 is named as Yongxue No. 9. Yongxue No. 9 has strong growth potential, good yield, yellow green leaves, oval leaves, deep cracks and heavy teeth; the product is more resistant to bolting, has large development degree and is more antiviral in field expression.
(4) The seed production technical key points are as follows: the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A is sown in late 10 th ten days, and the male parent 11-36-2 is sown for 25 days later than the female parent 08-5-6A, so that the flowering phases of the male and female parents meet each other. Cytoplasmic male sterility of ArabidopsisThe culture density of the series 08-5-6A and 11-36-2 is 2: 1, and the row spacing is 35cm multiplied by 20 cm. Each 667m2Applying 1kg of borax to prevent flowers from being too solid. Continuously preventing and controlling diamondback moth and small ape leaf worm for 2 times in the last ten days of 4 months. Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in flowering stage to prevent lodging and promote pod development. The meeting of the flowering phases is adjusted by pinching in the initial flowering phase, and the wasps are put into the pollination. It is cut off at the end of the 11-36-2 flowering period, and the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A is reserved. The seeds harvested on the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A are the seeds of Yongxue No. 9.
(5) The cultivation technical points are as follows: can be cultivated in autumn, winter and spring. Sowing in 8 late ten days of autumn and winter, planting in 9 middle ten days of the month, and harvesting in 12 middle ten days of the month. Sowing in 9 th ten days of spring cultivation, planting in 10 th ten days of spring cultivation, and harvesting in 3 rd ten days of next year. The row spacing of the planted plants is 35cm multiplied by 30 cm. Applying enough base fertilizer every 667m250kg of ternary compound fertilizer is applied. Applying 20kg/667m of urea for 2-3 times220kg/667m of ternary compound fertilizer2. Collected before bolting in spring.
Example 3 comparison of varieties
In spring 2021, a variety comparison test is carried out on Yongxue No. 10, Yongxue No. 9 and Yongxue No. 3 (Yongxue No. 3 in patent application in 2013, the patent application No. 201310216446.3 of the invention is named as a breeding method of potherb mustard hybrid) and caulis et folium oryzae mustard, and the caulis et folium oryzae mustard is used as a contrast. The properties of 10 random strains were examined and the properties were compared as shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the table, the leaf stalk of Yongxue No. 10 is the coarsest, the yield of the processed dried vegetable is the highest, and the method is suitable for processing the dried mildewed vegetable. The maximum petiole length of the Yongxue No. 10 is 45.30cm, the petiole width is 2.65cm, and the petiole thickness is 1.62cm, which are respectively increased by 39.38%, 99.23% and 145.45% compared with the maximum leaf of the control chloranthus japonicus. The yield of Yongxue No. 10 and the yield of processed dried moldy vegetables are higher than those of Yongxue No. 3, Yongxue No. 9 and control rice straw mustard, and the rice straw mustard can be harvested at one time, so that the labor is reduced. Referring to fig. 2, it can be seen that the petiole length, the petiole width and the petiole thickness of the Yongxue No. 10 single plant are all significantly larger than those of the rice straw mustard.
The Yongxue No. 10 has thicker leaf stalks than the Yongxue No. 3, and the processed dried salted vegetable is not easy to be broken, has high yield, and has high processing yield and high yield. The maximum leaf average petiole width of the Yongxue No. 3 is 1.92cm, the thickness is 0.88cm, and the difference between the maximum leaf average petiole width of the Yongxue No. 10 is 2.6cm and the thickness is 1.6cm is obvious. In the aspect of processing yield, the yield of the preserved vegetable processed by Yongxue No. 3 is 10.9%, and the yield of the preserved vegetable processed by Yongxue No. 10 is 11.87%. In the aspect of yield, the yield of the channel-covered snow is 6419kg for No. 3, and the yield of the channel-covered snow is 7190kg for No. 10. The purchase price of the dried moldy vegetables is 14 yuan/kg, the yield per mu of the dried moldy vegetables processed by Yongxue No. 3 is 9795 yuan, and the yield per mu of the dried moldy vegetables processed by Yongxue No. 10 is 11948 yuan, which is obviously different from the yield increase of 2153 yuan of Yongxue No. 3. The Yongxue No. 10 mustard prepared by the method almost has no yellow leaves, so that the resource waste is reduced; the vegetables are not clay, so that the vegetables are convenient to clean and water resources are saved.
TABLE 1 caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae variety comparison test
Claims (10)
1. A method for breeding processed moldy dried mustard is characterized in that a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A and a Thelephora nansuensis three-pool high mustard inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 are hybridized to breed a new mustard variety Yongxue No. 10 (08-5-6A x 08g-4-2-4-31-1) suitable for processing moldy dried mustard.
2. The breeding method of processed moldy dried mustard type mustard according to claim 1, wherein the Thellungiella lasiocarpa Sanchi inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is obtained by continuous multi-generation inbred purification breeding of the Sanchi Gaocapsa; preferably, the number of generations of the three-pond high vegetable through continuous selfing purification is 6, and the three-pond high vegetable is introduced from great Japan and agricultural and horticultural co-company and belongs to the brassica mustard variety of brassica juncea.
3. The method for breeding the processed pickled mustard tuber of the preserved Brassica juncea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selfing line 08-5-6 is obtained by the continuous multi-generation selfing and purifying of the caulis et folium Brassicae Junceae, and then F is obtained by crossing with cytoplasmic male sterility as female parent and the selfing line 08-5-6 as male parent1Then, the rice straw mustard inbred line 08-5-6 is taken as a recurrent parent for continuous productionBackcrossing for multiple generations to obtain a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A;
preferably, the generation number of the straw mustard purified by continuous selfing is 6.
4. The method for selectively breeding processed moldy dried mustard leaves according to claim 3, wherein the rice mustard is selected from local varieties of Yuyao city in Zhejiang province, China, is one of potherb mustard, and belongs to Brassica mustard variety of Brassicaceae brassica.
5. The method for breeding of processed Muscat type mustard according to claim 3, wherein the cytoplasmic male sterile line is 07-50A cytoplasmic male sterile line of potherb mustard.
6. The method for breeding the processed preserved brassica juncea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process for breeding the hybrid seeds comprises:
(1) transplanting the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A in the last 10 th and the last 12 th months; the three-pool tall mustard tuber inbred line of the chloranthus davidii is sowed in 3 batches at 08g-4-2-4-31-1, and is sowed synchronously with 08-5-6A, 5 days in advance and 5 days after delay respectively, and the flowering phase is prolonged to ensure that the inbred line meets the flowering phase of 08-5-6A during pollination;
(2) controlling the cultivation density of the cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A of the rice straw mustard and the three-pond tall mustard inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 of the wide stalk mustard to be (1.5-2.5): the density (28-32) cm multiplied by 25cm of a 1, 2-row rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 are 35-45 cm in row spacing, the wide stalk mustard three-pool tall vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 18-22 cm in plant spacing, 3-5 meters of male parents are planted in each sowing period, and the rice straws are circularly planted in a segmented and batch mode;
(3) applying borax to prevent flowers from being fruited, applying compound fertilizers to male parents and female parents to enable the heights of the flower stages of the male parents and the female parents to be basically consistent, preventing the male parents and the female parents from lodging by inserting bamboo pole pull wires in the initial flower stage, spraying monopotassium phosphate to promote seed pod development in the flower stage, pollinating by spaghetti, cutting off the three-pool tall cabbage selfing line of the chloranthus glauca at the end of the flower stage of 08g-4-2-4-31-1, reserving a rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A, and harvesting seeds on the rice straw mustard cytoplasm male sterile line 08-5-6A to obtain seeds of Yongxue No. 10.
7. The method for breeding the processed mustard green according to claim 6, wherein the cultivation density of the cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A of the chloranthus japonicus and the three-pond high mustard green inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 of the chloranthus japonicus in the step (2) is 2: the density of the 1, 2-row rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A is 30cm multiplied by 25cm, the row spacing of the rice straw mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line 08-5-6A and the Thellungiella lasiocarpa three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 40cm, and the plant spacing of the Thellungiella lasiocarpa three-pool high vegetable inbred line 08g-4-2-4-31-1 is 20 cm.
8. The method for selectively breeding processed moldy dried mustard type mustard according to claim 6,
fertilizing in the step (3) to 667m2Applying 1kg of borax, each 667m of the mother lines250kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, and each 667m in father's line230kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, and the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3 percent.
9. The method for breeding the processed moldy dried mustard type mustard according to claim 6, wherein the cultivation and harvesting of the hybrid is further included after the hybrid is bred, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) sowing in the last 8 th ten days of autumn and winter, planting in the middle 9 th ten days of the month, and harvesting in the middle 12 th of the month; sowing in the middle ten days of 9 months in spring cultivation, planting in the middle ten days of 10 months, and harvesting in the late 3 months in the next year;
2) planting plants in autumn and winter with row spacing of 38-42 cm × 20cm, applying enough base fertilizer, and topdressing for 2-3 times;
3) planting plants in spring with row spacing of 38-42 cm multiplied by 30cm, applying enough base fertilizer, covering with a degradable silver black plastic film, with the black side facing downwards and the silver side facing upwards;
4) in areas with much rainwater, deep-groove high-ridge cultivation and ditch cleaning and drainage are paid attention to;
5) 1-time white rust is prevented and controlled in 11 and 3 middle of the month;
6) collected before bolting in spring, and collected in mid 12 months in autumn and winter.
10. The selective breeding method for processing the preserved vegetable type leaf mustard of claim 9, wherein the planting row spacing is 40cm x 20cm in autumn and winter, and the base fertilizer is per 667m250kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are applied, and 40kg/667m of urea is applied in 2-3 times of total topdressing225kg/667m of ternary compound fertilizer2(ii) a The row spacing of the field planting plants in spring is 40cm multiplied by 30cm, and the base fertilizer is per 667m275kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 30kg of calcium superphosphate are applied.
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