CN1247957A - 车灯 - Google Patents

车灯 Download PDF

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CN1247957A
CN1247957A CN99118400A CN99118400A CN1247957A CN 1247957 A CN1247957 A CN 1247957A CN 99118400 A CN99118400 A CN 99118400A CN 99118400 A CN99118400 A CN 99118400A CN 1247957 A CN1247957 A CN 1247957A
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front lens
lamp body
hot melt
lamp
sealing
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CN1107195C (zh
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衫山文彦
大渓治夫
铃木三千彦
山崎一广
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/524—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by applying the adhesive from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface of the part to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/58—Snap connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/76—Making non-permanent or releasable joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12449—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12461—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being rounded, i.e. U-shaped or C-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/50—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by aesthetic components not otherwise provided for, e.g. decorative trim, partition walls or covers
    • F21S43/51—Attachment thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/747—Lightning equipment

Abstract

一种车灯包含一由一密封构件与一前透镜接合的灯体。该密封构件由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体形成,当前透镜从灯体分离时它产生表面剥离。这使能容易地连接或卸下前透镜,并防止了在分离操作期间对前透镜、灯体和密封构件的损害。由于密封构件的弹性排斥力较小,不需要用螺纹紧固件来将前透镜紧固于灯体。而只需要诸钩子紧固件。所以,简化了该灯的结构,并改善了组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。

Description

车灯
本发明涉及一种车灯，更具体涉及一种用来密封在该车辆的前透镜与该灯的灯体之间的一空间的结构。
一般说来，一车灯设计得使当将一前透镜结合于灯体时，可在它两之间设置一密封构件，以保持在该灯体与前透镜之间的有效的密封，以致能防止水、灰尘之类进入该灯的内部。
至今已知用作密封构件的有如图7(a)所示的热熔体114A、如图8(b)所示的弹性绳114B和如图9(b)所示的泡沫衬垫114C。
热熔体114A是一种具有较大粘着强度和不产生排斥力的热塑性粘接剂。所以，当一前透镜116固定于一灯体112时，就不需要例如使用如螺钉的螺纹紧固件的强机械结合。也就是说，热熔体114A具有一优点，即允许使用仅仅配合紧固作为机械结合的有效手段。但是，当要重复使用该灯的诸零件时就存在以下问题。也就是说，具有较大粘着强度的热熔体114A阻止前透镜116方便地从灯体112上分离出来。如果强行该分离，就会发生如图7(b)所示的粘结破坏(发生此种现象时，该热熔体114A的结构将被沿着无规则的断裂表面撕裂)。所以，不仅热熔体114A发生粘结破坏，而且灯体112和仍粘接有该热熔体114A的残余部分的一前透镜116均不能被再使用。
关于图8(a)和9(a)，弹性绳114B和泡沫衬垫114C由无胶粘性的热固性弹性材料制成。所以，前透镜116能连接于灯体112或从该灯体上拆下而无残留物，故能再使用该灯的诸零件。但是，每根弹性绳114B和每个泡沫衬垫114C产生一较大的弹性排斥力，使保持密封效能。所以，如图8(b)和9(b)所示，排斥力不断作用在前透镜116上，使其被向外凸出。所以，简单的紧固装置，如啮合紧固件，不足以用作将前透镜116紧固于灯体112用的机械紧固装置。如此，不得不另外使用如螺纹紧固件的强紧固装置(如图10所示)。(参阅该图，符号A代表啮合紧固部分，B代表螺纹紧固件)。其结果，使该灯的结构变得太复杂，以致不能改善组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。在前面这些情况下，弹性排斥力也常引起故障的发生，如前透镜116的变形或断裂。
由于弹性绳114B是一用作弹性密封件的完整的产品，就难以使该弹性绳114B自动地施加于灯体112上的密封部位。所以，需进行一种手工的结合操作来铺设该弹性绳114B。其结果，就引起一个在组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能被削弱的问题。对于泡沫衬垫114C，泡沫衬垫材料能被自动施加于灯体112上的密封部位。但是，被施加的泡沫衬垫材料的硬化的时间较长。在此情况下，也同样产生一个在组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能被削弱的问题。
根据上述，本发明提供一车灯，该车灯包含一灯体，通过一密封构件使一前透镜接合于该灯体，从而允许该前透镜能被连接或简洁地拆下，并简化了该灯的结构，以及改善了组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。
本发明通过改善密封构件的结构实现上述目的。也就是说，按照本发明，提供一车灯，该车灯具有一通过一密封构件与一前透镜接合的灯体。其中，该密封构件由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体制成，当该前透镜从该灯体分离时它造成表面剥离。
词组“表面剥离”指的是这一现象，此时的密封构件在与前透镜或灯体之间的界面上剥离，而不造成粘接破坏。
短语“凝胶态的低粘度热熔体”指的是一种类似于常用的热熔体的热塑性粘接剂，其结构使它即使被用作密封构件时也能保持一种低粘度的凝胶态。为了获得上述特性，处于接触表面破坏故障的原因，减少了作为粘结破坏的原因的蜡等的含量，使它少于常用的热熔体的含量。另外，可增加合适量的增塑剂或诸如此类的物品。
词组“低粘度”指的是一种粘结强度，该强度低得足以在前透镜从灯体分离时，允许密封构件产生表面剥离。
为了达到该低粘度特性，采用一种结构，其中，将前透镜从灯体上分离开所需的分离力F1须满足0＜F1≤1公斤/厘米2的范围。最好是，该密封构件产生一定程度的胶粘性以改善密封效率。此外，为了简化从灯体卸下前透镜的操作，最好减少该分离力。所以，最好减小该分离力F1大小的范围。例如，用作一密封构件的一种合适的结构满足0.05＜F1≤0.5公斤/厘米2的范围。最好是，用作一密封构件的一种合适的结构满足0.1＜F1≤0.3公斤/厘米2的范围。按照上述结构，在本发明的结构中，设置在前透镜与灯体之间的该密封构件由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体制成，当前透镜从灯体分离时它产生表面剥离。所以，该结构不仅允许从灯体容易地卸下前透镜，而且防止了对前透镜、灯体和密封构件的损害。其结果，能有效地重复使用该灯的诸零件。
由于该密封构件由一种凝胶态的低粘度热熔体制成，它产生了一定程度的弹性。不像取决于它们的弹性排斥力的弹性绳或一泡沫衬垫所形成的密封构件，上述密封构件能以其自身的粘结强度保持在前透镜与灯体之间的密封效能。所以，不必将该密封构件强力施压。因此，为了将前透镜紧固于灯体的机械紧固装置可是一简单的紧固装置，如一钩子紧固装置。因此，不必使用强紧固装置，如螺钉的螺纹紧固件，从而简化了该灯的结构，并改善了组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。另外，本发明防止了如由于弹性排斥力会产生的前透镜的变形或断裂的故障。
由低粘度热熔体制成的密封构件能自动施加于在灯体(或前透镜)上的一密封位置上。另外，与硬化一泡沫衬垫所需的时间相比，只需较短的时间可在密封位置将该密封构件冷却为凝胶态的低粘度热熔体。因此，也能改善组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。
如上所述，包含通过该密封构件接合于灯体的前透镜的该车灯允许该前透镜被连接上或卸下，使该灯的结构被简化，并能改善在组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。
在本发明的结构中，由于该密封构件形成为凝胶态的低粘度热熔体，如上所述，它产生了一定程度的弹性。最好是选择一基础聚合物，并增加增塑剂，使弹性排斥力不会变得不必要地大。也就是说，最好是将弹性排斥力减小到这样的程度，即，允许将啮合紧固装置用作将前透镜紧固于灯体用的机械紧固件并不需要使用另外的螺纹紧固件或诸如此类的构件。为了实现这一点，该密封构件的一弹性排斥力可设置得满足0＜F2≤1公斤/厘米2的范围。出于改善组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能的观点，最好是尽可能地降低该密封构件的弹性排斥力。所以，希望使该弹性排斥力F2降低到最小程度。例如，该弹性排斥力的值可设定得使之满足0＜F2≤0.5公斤/厘米2的范围。另外，最好将该值设定得使之满足0＜F2≤0.3公斤/厘米2的范围。
参阅诸附图，在后面将描述本发明的一实施例。
图1是表示按照本发明的一实施例的一车灯的侧视剖面图；
图2是表示图1里的一部分“II”的详细的视图；
图3是表示图1里的一部分“III”的详细的视图；
图4是表示用于将一前透镜接合于该车灯的灯体的、按照本发明的一种工艺的一示意图；
图5是一车灯的一部分的详细的剖面图，其中的一个状态中前透镜从灯体上被分离开，以用来表示该分离的过程；
图6是表示上述车灯的一正视图；
图7(a)和7(b)是表示一传统车灯的一部分的详细的剖面图，用来表示粘接破坏；
图8(a)和8(b)是表示一传统车灯的一部分的详细的剖面图，用来表示一弹性绳的使用；
图9(a)和9(b)是表示一传统车灯的一部分的详细的剖面图，用来表示一泡沫衬垫的使用；
图10是表示一传统车灯的一正视图。
图1是表示按照本发明的一实施例的一车灯的侧视剖面图。图2和3分别是详细表示部分“II”和“III”的视图。
如图1所示，按照本发明的一车灯10是一汽车的后部组合灯。该灯10具有三个垂直对齐的、由一灯体12和一通过一密封构件14与其连接的前透镜16限定的灯室。这些灯室分别有灯泡18、20和22。如图2和3所示，在灯体12的前面敞开口的一外周边缘部形成了一具有大致的U形横截面的密封槽12a。在前透镜16的后表面的外周边缘形成有一能插入该密封槽12a内的密封脚16a。当在灯体12的密封槽12a内已放置了密封构件14的情况下，通过将前透镜16的密封脚16a(具有一楔形的导向端)插入密封槽12a内，使前透镜16与灯体12相接合。
在前透镜16的密封脚16a的外表面上形成有多个啮合装置或钩子紧固件16b。另外，在灯体12的密封槽12a的外壁上、在与诸对应的钩子紧固件16b相对的诸位置上形成有诸钩子啮合孔12b。当前透镜16与灯体12接合时，诸钩子紧固件16b分别与诸啮合孔12b相啮合。
密封构件14由一种呈胶体状态的低粘度热熔体制成，并被下面将要描述的一自动送给装置自动送入灯体12的密封槽12a内。
通过将由石油树脂或诸如此类的材料形成的增粘剂、如聚丙烯的蜡、抗氧化剂、颜料和由低分子量聚合物或诸如此类的材料制成的增塑剂加入于一种基础聚合物，例如笨乙烯热塑性弹性体(SEBS)或异丁橡胶之中。
该基础聚合物被用来获得橡胶弹性，增粘剂被用来获得胶粘度，当为了熔化热熔体而进行一加热工艺时蜡被用来降低粘度，抗氧化剂被用来防止变质，颜料被用来进行着色。在通常的热熔体里含有上述诸组份。该基础聚合物的流动性不令人满意。蜡在固化后变脆，导致粘结破坏。所以，与常用的热熔体相比，本发明的热熔体的蜡含量减少了，加了增塑剂，从而改善了流动性。例如，常用的热熔体的蜡含量为约10％至约50％。相比之下，上述低粘度热熔体的蜡含量为约0至约20％。至于所加的增塑剂，其含量可定为约20％或更少。
使用上述配方的结果是，能获得用作密封构件14的凝胶态的低粘度热熔体。如此，如图5所示，当前透镜16从灯体12分离时，在密封构件14与前透镜16之间能产生表面剥离。另外，从灯体12分离出前透镜16所需的分离力F1能设定得较小，且满足0.1公斤/厘米2≤F1≤0.3公斤/厘米2的范围。
图4是一表示前透镜16接合于灯体12的过程的视图。
如图4(a)所示，一自动送料装置100将熔化态的低粘度热熔体自动送入灯体12的密封槽12a里。该自动送料装置100包含一用来加热和熔化低粘度热熔体2的罐102、一包括一泵104的注施机106和一与该注施机106相连的热熔体枪108。从注施机106传送的熔化态的低粘度热熔体2被通过热熔体枪108的一喷嘴108a送入灯体12的密封槽12a中。
然后，如图4(b)所示，在低粘度热熔体2被送入灯体12的密封槽12a中的状态下，使灯体12站立，直到已被加热到约230℃的低粘度热熔体2在约40℃下冷却，使之胶化。上述冷却过程进行约2至5分钟。
然后，如图4(c)所示，将前透镜16的密封脚16a插入灯体12的密封槽12a内，使前透镜16接合于灯体12。在此时，如图6所示，前透镜16的诸钩子紧固件16b啮合于在灯体12的外周边缘上的多个(七个)位置上的灯体12的对应的诸钩子啮合孔12b。如此，该前透镜就被机械地紧固于该灯体。由于密封脚16a的前导端16c形成为楔形，当该密封脚16a插入密封槽12a内时，从低粘度热熔体2施加在密封脚16a上的阻力明显地减小了。
在上述接合操作期间，在密封槽12a内的低粘度热熔体2沿着密封脚16a散布。然后，凝胶态的低粘度热熔体2以一小的粘结强度粘结于密封槽12a和密封脚16a。其结果，该低粘度热熔体2用作密封前透镜16与灯体12之间的空间的密封构件14。
如上所述，按照这一实施例，设置在前透镜16与灯体12之间的该密封构件14由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体2制成，当前透镜16从灯体12上分离时它产生表面剥离。所以，前透镜16能容易地从灯体12上卸下。另外，在分离过程中，能防止损害前透镜16、灯体12和密封构件14。所以，可有效地重复使用该灯的诸零件。
由于密封构件14由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体2构成的，如上所述，它能产生一定程度的弹性。但是，凝胶态的低粘度热熔体2的弹性排斥力将变得很小(在上述配方的情况下，该弹性排斥力约0.3公斤/厘米2)。所以，尽管在灯体12与前透镜16之间仅采用诸钩子紧固件作为机械紧固装置，前透镜16能可靠地固定于灯体12。不需要增加强紧固装置，如螺纹紧固件，用作将前透镜16紧固于灯体12用的机械紧固装置。因此，能简化该灯的结构。另外，能改善用于组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。另外，与传统结构相比该灯的外形得以改善了，在传统结构里采用了诸螺纹紧固件(如图10所示)。此外，能防止如由于弹性排斥力所引起的前透镜16的变形和损坏等故障的发生。
由于密封构件14由低粘度热熔体2制成，就能以一类似于施加常用的热熔体的方式自动地将它施于灯体12上的密封位置。另外，与硬化泡沫衬垫所需的时间相比，能明显缩短在密封位置将该密封构件14冷却到凝胶态的低粘度热熔体2所需的时间。还有，根据上述观点，能改善用于组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。
如上所述，按照这一实施例，包含有通过密封构件14与前透镜16接合的灯体12的该车灯10允许前透镜16可安全地连接或拆下，简化了该灯的结构，改善了用于组装该灯的工艺中的施工性能。
按照这一实施例的车灯10的结构可设计得使前透镜16的密封脚16a插入灯体12的密封槽12a内，使前透镜16接合于灯体12。所以，当从灯体12上分离前透镜16时，就从该前透镜16发生密封构件14的表面剥离，与灯体12相比前透镜16与密封构件14有较小的接触面积。所以，密封构件14离开灯体12的表面剥离是偶然发生的，这取决于密封灯体12与前透镜16之间的空间所用的结构。
在已描述的这一实施例的结构中，在灯体12与前透镜16之间的机械紧固装置是由诸钩子紧固件充当的。可容易地理解的是：也可采用其他简单的紧固装置，以实行机械固定。
在上述实施例里，该车灯10是一后部组合灯。但是，也可采用其他类型的车灯，只要该灯的结构中前透镜16是通过一密封构件14接合于灯体12的均可。所以，按照上述实施例的结构与其他类型的灯一起使用同样能进行类似的操作并达到类似的效果。

Claims (9)

1.一车灯，该车灯包括：
一灯体；
一密封构件；以及
一前透镜，它通过该密封构件接合于该灯体，其中，该密封构件由凝胶态的低粘度热熔体制成，当该前透镜从该灯体分离时该密封构件产生表面剥离。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，将前透镜从灯体上分离开所需的分离力F1满足0＜F1≤1公斤/厘米2的范围。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，该密封构件的一弹性排斥力F2满足0＜F2≤1公斤/厘米2的范围。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括至少一个用于将前透镜紧固于灯体的啮合紧固装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，该啮合紧固装置是诸钩子紧固件。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，密封构件包括一基础聚合物、增粘剂、少量的蜡、增塑剂和抗氧化剂。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括具有一密封脚和一楔形的密封脚端部的前透镜。
8.一种将一前透镜密封于一车灯的灯体用的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
形成具一密封槽的一灯体；
形成一种低粘度热熔体混合物，该混合物具有基础聚合物、增粘剂、少量的蜡、增塑剂和抗氧化剂；
将低粘度热熔体混合物施加于该密封槽内；
使低粘度热熔体混合物胶化；以及
将前透镜的一密封脚插入密封槽里，以将前透镜接合于灯体。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括的步骤是：将前透镜的多个钩子紧固件啮合于灯体上的对应的诸钩子啮合孔里。
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CN115003951A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2022-09-02 创意电缆股份公司 外用低压灯具

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CN1107195C (zh) 2003-04-30
US6318883B1 (en) 2001-11-20
DE19943130B4 (de) 2005-04-14
DE19943130A1 (de) 2000-03-23
JP2000090724A (ja) 2000-03-31

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