CN1219982A - 带有整体后钝化的锌磷酸盐化法 - Google Patents
带有整体后钝化的锌磷酸盐化法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1219982A CN1219982A CN97194993A CN97194993A CN1219982A CN 1219982 A CN1219982 A CN 1219982A CN 97194993 A CN97194993 A CN 97194993A CN 97194993 A CN97194993 A CN 97194993A CN 1219982 A CN1219982 A CN 1219982A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 31
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 phosphines carboxylic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- SYNHCENRCUAUNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen mustard N-oxide hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ClCC[N+]([O-])(C)CCCl SYNHCENRCUAUNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001665 Poly-4-vinylphenol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SSZOCHFYWWVSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1C=C SSZOCHFYWWVSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006177 alkyl benzyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005358 mercaptoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005654 nitrite ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LDDMACCNBZAMSG-BDVNFPICSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-(methylamino)hexanal Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO LDDMACCNBZAMSG-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ONEGZZNKSA-N (e)-4-ethoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BOVQCIDBZXNFEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 BOVQCIDBZXNFEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WULAHPYSGCVQHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethenoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound OCCOCCOC=C WULAHPYSGCVQHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCNC(C)(C)C BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CUEJHYHGUMAGBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(1h-indol-5-yl)phenyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(NC=C2)C2=C1 CUEJHYHGUMAGBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylideneamino]butyliminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=NCCCCN=CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCJAYIGMMRQRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC=C PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XWRBMHSLXKNRJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1C=C XWRBMHSLXKNRJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YQUDMNIUBTXLSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-5-ethylpyridine Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(C=C)N=C1 YQUDMNIUBTXLSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VCKYSUDRSZHWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C=C VCKYSUDRSZHWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NJMGRJLQRLFQQX-HYXAFXHYSA-N 2-isopropylmaleic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(\C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O NJMGRJLQRLFQQX-HYXAFXHYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RQAVKYPVSDCFJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-(2-methylpropoxy)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)CONC(=O)C(C)=C RQAVKYPVSDCFJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GASMGDMKGYYAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenehexanamide Chemical compound CCCCC(=C)C(N)=O GASMGDMKGYYAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ROHTVIURAJBDES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-bis(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N(CC=C)CC=C)=N1 ROHTVIURAJBDES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXYAVSFOJVUIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C=C)=CC=C21 KXYAVSFOJVUIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical group CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UMKWZZPKADNTRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyrimidine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=N1 UMKWZZPKADNTRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=N1 VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBEBGUQPQBELIU-CMDGGOBGSA-N Ethyl cinnamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 KBEBGUQPQBELIU-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000007976 Ketosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical group CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001323 aldoses Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- INLLPKCGLOXCIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethene Chemical compound BrC=C INLLPKCGLOXCIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KBEBGUQPQBELIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KBEBGUQPQBELIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZEFVHSWKYCYFFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OCC ZEFVHSWKYCYFFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZWWQRMFIZFPUAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OC ZWWQRMFIZFPUAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N dimethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004419 dimethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-bis(prop-2-enyl)azanium Chemical class C=CC[N+](C)(C)CC=C YIOJGTBNHQAVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N dioctyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCCCCCC TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJBBERPAEBYDJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)C IJBBERPAEBYDJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethenyl-dioxido-oxo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monoethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
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- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylethylethylene Natural products CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KCTMTGOHHMRJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methylpropoxymethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)COCNC(=O)C=C KCTMTGOHHMRJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 9
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylphenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Mg] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Mg] GANNOFFDYMSBSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Zn] Chemical compound [Mg].[Zn] PGTXKIZLOWULDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical group [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWTDMFJYBAURQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 80-82-0 Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O HWTDMFJYBAURQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000723554 Pontia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USNWAMPROKAEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].C(C=C)(=O)O Chemical compound [Na].C(C=C)(=O)O USNWAMPROKAEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004973 alkali metal peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PQMKYFCFSA-N alpha-D-mannose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PQMKYFCFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002520 cambial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CCCC1 PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075933 dithionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002337 glycosamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- GORGQKRVQGXVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-ethylacetamide Chemical compound CCN(C=C)C(C)=O GORGQKRVQGXVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC=C IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- QJQAMHYHNCADNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC QJQAMHYHNCADNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
用于磷酸盐化钢、镀锌钢或镀有锌合金的钢、铝和/或铝镁合金金属表面的方法,其特征在于磷酸盐化溶液含有:0.2-3g/l锌离子,3-50g/l按PO计的磷酸盐离子,0.001-4g/l锰离子,0.001-0.5g/l一种或多种选自聚醚、聚羧酸酯、聚合磷酸、聚合膦羧酸和含氮有机聚合物的聚合物和一种或多种促进剂。优选的聚合物是含有氨基的聚(乙烯基苯酚)衍生物。
Description
本发明涉及用含锌离子、锰离子、磷酸盐离子和至多0.5g/l的有机聚合物的磷酸水溶液磷酸盐化金属表面的方法。本发明还涉及用这种方法预处理随后要进行涂层,尤其是电涂或粉涂的金属表面的用途。可用该方法处理钢、镀锌钢或镀有锌合金的钢、铝、铝镁合金、镀铝钢或镀有铝合金的钢,从而避免了迄今为止所要求的钝化后冲洗。
磷酸盐化金属的目的在于在金属表面上产生牢固附着的金属磷酸盐层,利用该层来提高防腐性,在与油漆或其它有机涂料结合时,主要用来提高油漆的附着力,并且在腐蚀应力下防止向下迁移。很长时间以来就已知这种磷酸盐化方法。磷酸盐化溶液中含有较低锌离子浓度,例如0.5-2g/l的低锌磷酸盐化法特别适用于在涂层,尤其是电涂层前的预处理。在这种低锌磷酸盐化浴液中的一个重要因素是磷酸盐离子与锌离子的重量比,其比值通常为8,最高可达30。
显而易见,通过锌磷酸盐化浴液中共同使用的其它多价离子可构成具有明显改进的防腐特性和涂层附着力的磷酸盐层。例如,人们发现添加有例如0.5-1.5g/l锰离子和0.3-2.0g/l镍离子的低锌法要比所谓的用于预处理需涂层,例如车身制造中的阴极电涂层的金属表面的三阳离子法的应用范围广。
由于从毒物学和废水技术的角度来看,镍和另一种可使用的钴是属危险的,所以对磷酸盐化法要求具有类似于三阳离子法的功能水平,但是浴液中的镍和/或钴的浓度要很低,最好没有这两种金属。
DE-A2049350公开了一种磷酸盐化溶液,它含有作为主要组分的3-20g/l磷酸盐离子、0.5-3g/l锌离子、0.003-0.7g/l钴离子或0.003-0.04g/l铜离子,或优选含有0.05-3g/l镍离子、1-8g/l镁离子、0.01-0.25g/l亚硝酸盐离子和0.1-3g/l氟离子和/或2-30g/l氯离子。因此,该方法是锌-镁磷酸盐化法,其中磷酸盐化溶液另外还含有金属钴、铜或优选镍中的一种离子。这种锌-镁磷酸盐化法在技术上是不能实施的。
EP-B18841公开了一种氯酸盐/亚硝酸盐促进的锌磷酸盐化溶液,它含有0.4-1g/l锌离子、5-40g/l磷酸盐离子以及任选地至少0.2g/l,优选0.2-2g/l的一种或多种选自镍、钴、钙和锰中的离子。因此,任选的锰、镍或钴含量至少为0.2g/l。在实施例中给出的镍含量为0.53g/l和1.33g/l。
EP-A459541公开了一种磷酸盐化溶液,它基本上不含镍,除了含有锌和磷酸盐外,还含有0.2-4g/l锰和1-30g/l铜。DE-A4210513公开了一种无镍磷酸盐化溶液,它除了含有锌和磷酸盐外,还含有0.5-25mg/l铜离子和作为促进剂的羟基胺。这种磷酸盐化溶液任选地还含有0.15-5g/l锰。
德国专利申请DE19606017.6公开了一种重金属降低的磷酸盐化溶液,它含有0.2-3g/l锌离子、1-150mg/l锰离子和1-30mg/l铜离子。这种磷酸盐化溶液任选地含有至多50mg/l镍离子和至多100mg/l铜离子。另一个任选的组分是锂离子,其含量为0.2-1.5g/l。
德国专利申请DE19538778.3公开了使用羟基胺作为促进剂以控制磷酸盐层中层重的方法。许多公开的专利公开了影响磷酸盐晶体形状的羟基胺和/或其衍生物的用途。作为在磷酸盐化浴液中使用羟基胺的特定效果,EP-A315059提出了这样的实事,即对钢而言,如果磷酸盐化浴液中的锌浓度超出常规低锌法的用量,那么仍然会形成要求的柱状或球状磷酸盐晶体。因此,在锌浓度至多为2g/l和磷酸盐与锌的重量比最低为3.7的磷酸盐化浴液下可进行操作。虽然在该专利中未更详细地描述在这些磷酸盐化浴液中有关阳离子最优选的组合,但是在实施例中,在各种情况下都使用了镍。尽管在说明书中描述了不应有大量硝酸盐存在,但是在实施例中还是使用了硝酸盐和硝酸。所需的羟基胺的浓度为0.5-50g/l,优选1-10g/l。实施例中羟基铵硫酸盐的最大浓度为5g/l,由该量计算的羟基胺含量为2.08g/l。(羟基铵硫酸盐含有41.5%(重量)的羟基胺)。磷酸盐化溶液是通过喷雾向钢表面上施加。该文献未提及浸渍法中存在的问题,即致使磷酸盐层的层重明显增加,这种增加作为随后涂层的基础是不希望有的。
WO93/03198公开了在三阳离子磷酸盐化浴液中使用羟基胺作为促进剂的用途,所述浴液的锌含量为0.5-2g/l,镍和锰含量各为0.2-1.5g/l,其中必须保持锌与其它二价阳离子的指定重量比。这些浴液还含有1-2.5g/l的“羟基胺促进剂”,根据该文献的描述,是指羟基胺的盐,优选羟基胺硫酸盐。如果按游离羟基胺来计算,那么羟基胺的含量为0.42-1.04g/l。
为了提高由磷酸盐层产生的防腐性,通常在实践中要进行所谓的“钝化后冲洗”,也称为后钝化。含铬酸的处理浴液仍就广泛地用于该目的。但是,出于工业安全性和环境保护的考虑,倾向于用无铬处理浴液代替含铬钝化浴液。对此,含有络合取代的聚(乙烯基苯酚)的有机反应浴液是众所周知的。例如,DE-C3146265公开了这类化合物。特别有效的这类聚合物含有胺取代基并可通过聚(乙烯基苯酚)与醛类和有机胺的曼尼期反应而获得。例如,在EP-B91166、EP-B319016和EP-B319017中公开了这类聚合物。在本发明中也可使用这类聚合物,因此,将上述四个公开文本的内容引入本文作为参考。该钝化后冲洗溶液也可含有聚合物,所述聚合物含有氨基,该氨基是直接连接到聚合物链上,而不嵌入到芳香环上。DE-A4409306中公开了同样可用于本发明的这类聚合物。
与钝化后冲洗相结合,在该发明中使用的低锌磷酸盐化浴液满足汽车制造的防腐要求。但是,这种方法存在的缺点是钝化后冲洗是分开进行处理的,结果延长了生产时间,增加了预处理线所需的空间。
本发明的目的是提供一种磷酸盐化溶液,这种溶液满足了汽车工业的防腐要求,同时省去了钝化后冲洗步骤。因此,节省了预处理线所需的空间,缩短了生产时间。
由文献中已知向磷酸盐化溶液中加入聚丙烯酸。一个可提及的实例是J.I.Wragg,J.E.Chamberlain,L.Charn,H.W.White,T.Sugama和S.Manalis:“聚丙烯酸改性的锌磷酸盐晶体转化涂层的特性”的文章,《应用聚合物科学》杂志,50卷,917-928页(1993)。但是,研究清楚的典型的锌磷酸盐化溶液表明不同于与实际使用的溶液区别:它们含有较高含量的锌,此外,不含用途广的锰和目前通常使用的促进剂。因此,它们不是在本发明所使用的低锌磷酸盐化溶液的范围内。
上述目的通过磷酸盐化由钢、镀锌钢或镀有锌合金和/或铝的钢制成的金属表面的方法而实现的,其中通过将喷雾或浸渍3秒和8分钟的方法使金属表面与含锌磷酸盐化溶液接触,其特征在于磷酸盐化溶液含有:0.2-3g/l锌离子,3-50g/l磷酸盐离子,按PO4计,0.001-4g/l锰离子,0.001-0.5g/l一种或多种选自聚醚、聚羧酸酯、聚合膦酸、聚合膦羧酸和含氮有机聚合物的聚合物,和一种或多种促进剂,它选自0.3-4g/1氯酸盐离子,0.01-0.2g/l亚硝酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯磺酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯甲酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l对硝基苯酚,0.005-0.15g/l游离或结合形式的过氧化氢,0.1-10g/l游离或结合形式的羟基胺,0.1-10g/l还原糖。
锌浓度优选为约0.3-2g/l,更优选约0.8-1.6g/l。锌含量高于1.6g/l,例如为2-3g/l时仅对该方法稍有利,另一方面,会增加磷酸盐化浴液中产生的淤渣量。如果在磷酸盐化镀锌表面时通过酸的除去使另外的锌进入到磷酸盐化浴液中,而可调节磷酸盐化处理浴液中的这种锌含量。与不含镍或钴或硝酸盐含量高于0.5g/l的磷酸盐化浴液相比,镍浓度为约l-50mg/l,钴浓度为约5-100mg/l的镍离子和/或钴离子在与尽可能低的含量不超过0.5g/l的硝酸盐结合使用时提高了防腐性和油漆的附着力。因此,很好地协调了磷酸盐化浴液性能和对与废水处理有关的废水技术的要求之间的关系。
在降低了重金属含量的磷酸盐化浴液中,锰的含量为约0.001-0.2g/l。通常为约0.5-1.5g/l。
由德国专利申请19500927.4可知约0.2-1.5g/l的锂离子含量可达到改善使用锌磷酸盐化浴液的防腐性。在本发明带有整体后钝化的磷酸盐化法中,锂含量为约0.2-1.5g/l,优选约0.4-1g/l时对防腐性也是有效的。
除了上面提到的掺入到磷酸盐层中或至少对磷酸盐层的晶体生长有促进作用的阳离子外,磷酸盐化浴液通常含有用于调节游离酸的钠离子、钾离子和/或铵离子。游离酸的概念对于磷酸盐化技术中的熟练专业人员来说是不陌生的。在该文献的实施例中给出了游离酸和总酸量的测定方法。游离酸和总酸量是磷酸盐化浴液的重要控制参数,因为它们对层重有很大的影响。在分批磷酸盐化中,游离酸值为0-1.5点,在连续磷酸盐化中,该值高达2.5点,在约15-30点的总酸值落在常规技术范围内并且在本发明中是适用的。
在适用于不同基质的磷酸盐化浴液中,通常要加入游离的氟和/或配位化合物结合的氟,其含量至多为2.5g/l的总氟,至多达1g/l的游离氟。根据本发明,存在的该含量的氟对于磷酸盐化浴液也是有利的。在无氟存在时,浴液中的铝含量不超过3mg/l。在有氟存在时,由于形成配合物,容许铝的含量较高,只要未配合的铝的浓度不超过3mg/l。因此,当要磷酸盐化的表面至少部分由铝组成或含有铝时,使用含氟浴液是有利的。在这些情况下,最好不使用配合化合物中结合的氟,而仅使用游离氟,优选的浓度为0.5-1.0g/l。
在磷酸盐化锌表面时,磷酸盐化浴液中不是必须含有所谓的促进剂。但是,在磷酸盐化钢表面时,磷酸盐化溶液中必须含有一种或多种促进剂。这些促进剂在现有技术中作为锌磷酸盐化浴液的组分是众所周知的。在这里,应将其理解为化学结合因酸洗腐蚀金属表面而本身被还原所形成的氢的物质。起氧化作用的促进剂对因酸洗侵蚀钢表面而释放出的铁(Ⅱ)氧化为铁(Ⅲ),因此,它们可以作为磷酸铁(Ⅲ)而沉淀下来。
本发明磷酸盐化浴液可含有一种或多种下列组分作为促进剂:0.3-4g/l氯酸盐离子,0.01-0.2g/l亚硝酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯磺酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯甲酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l对硝基苯酚,0.005-0.15g/l游离或结合形式的过氧化氢,0.1-10g/l游离或结合形式的羟基胺,0.1-10g/l还原糖。
在镀锌钢的磷酸盐化法中,磷酸盐化溶液中应含有尽可能少的硝酸盐。硝酸盐浓度不应超过0.5g/l,原因是硝酸盐浓度越高,存在所谓“针孔”的危险就越大。这就意味着在磷酸盐层有白色、陷坑状的疵点。此外,削弱了镀锌表面上油漆的附着力。
使用亚硝酸盐作为促进剂尤其在钢表面上会产生技术上令人满意的结果。但是,出于工业安全性(产生亚硝气的危险)的考虑,避免使用亚硝酸盐作为促进剂。在磷酸盐化镀锌表面时,从技术角度考虑也可使用亚硝酸盐,因为亚硝酸盐会形成硝酸盐,如上所述,这会导致形成针孔的问题并降低在锌上的附着力。
从环保考虑,特别优选的促进剂是过氧化氢,从技术角度包括可简化配制溶液考虑,使用羟基胺。但是,将这两种促进剂结合起来使用是不可取的,原因是过氧化氢分解羟基胺。如果使用游离或结合形式的过氧化氢作为促进剂,那么特别优选的过氧化氢的浓度为0.005-0.02g/l。可将过氧化氢以这种形式加入到磷酸盐化溶液中。但是,也可加入作为化合物的结合形式的过氧化氢,这种化合物在磷酸盐化浴液中因水解反应而产生过氧化氢。这类化合物的实例是过盐,例如过硼酸盐、过碳酸盐、过氧化硫酸盐、过氧化二硫酸盐。其它合适的过氧化氢源是离子过氧化物,例如碱金属过氧化物。本发明一个优选的实施方式包括在浸渍法的磷酸盐化过程中使用氯酸盐离子和过氧化氢的混合物。在该实施方式中,氯酸盐的浓度为2-4g/l,过氧化氢的浓度为10-50ppm。
由US-A5378292可知,还原糖用作促进剂。根据本发明,还原糖的用量可为约0.01-10g/l,优选约0.5-2.5g/l。这类糖的实例是半乳糖、甘露糖和优选葡萄糖(右旋糖)。
本发明其它优选的实施方式包括使用羟基胺作为促进剂。羟基胺可以以游离碱、羟基胺络合物、肟(一种羟基胺与酮的缩合产物)或羟基铵盐的形式使用。如果向磷酸盐化浴液或磷酸盐化浴液浓缩物中加入游离羟基胺,那么由于这些溶液的酸特性,它们主要以羟基铵阳离子的形式存在。如果以羟基铵盐的形式使用,那么硫酸盐和磷酸盐是特别适用的。在磷酸盐的情况下,由于其更好的溶解性,优选使用酸式盐。加入到磷酸盐化浴液中的羟基胺或其化合物的量按游离羟基胺的浓度计为0.1-10g/l,优选0.3-5g/l。优选地是磷酸盐化浴液仅含有羟基胺作为促进剂,可能情况下与至多0.5g/l硝酸盐一起使用。因此,在一个优选的实施方式中,所使用的磷酸盐化浴液不含任一种其它已知的促进剂,例如亚硝酸盐、卤素的氧基阴离子、过氧化物或硝基苯磺酸盐。一个积极的副作用是羟基胺的浓度超过约1.5g/l时可削弱在欲磷酸盐化构件的未充分浸渍的表面上的生锈危险。
在用磷酸盐化法处理钢表面时,铁以铁(Ⅱ)离子的形式进入到溶液中。如果磷酸盐化浴液不含氧化铁(Ⅱ)的物质,那么二价铁由于大气氧化的结果转变成三价状态,致使其可作为磷酸盐铁(Ⅲ)沉淀下来。这是使用羟基胺时出现的情况。因此,在磷酸盐化浴液中形成的铁(Ⅱ)含量明显地要高于含氧化剂的浴液。在这种情况下,铁(Ⅱ)浓度通常高达50ppm,在生产过程中,短期内也可能会高达500ppm。对于本发明的磷酸盐化法来说,这种铁(Ⅱ)浓度是无害的。当使用硬质水时,磷酸盐化浴液可另外含有产生硬度的阳离子Mg(Ⅱ)和Ca(Ⅱ),其总浓度高达7mmol/l。也可向磷酸盐化浴液中加入Mg(Ⅱ)或Ca(Ⅱ),其加入量高达2.5g/l。
磷酸盐化浴液中磷酸盐离子与锌离子的重量比可在较宽的范围内改变,只要该范围在3.7-30之间。特别优选的重量比为10-20。为了说明磷酸盐的浓度,磷酸盐化浴液中的总磷含量是以存在的磷酸盐离子PO4 3-的形式计算的。因此,在计算重量比时,不考虑以下的事实,就是磷酸盐化浴液的pH值,通常在3-3.6的范围内,实际上只有极少部分的磷酸盐是以三价负电荷的阴离子的形式存在。在这些pH值范围内,最大的可能是磷酸盐主要是以单价负电荷的二氢磷酸盐阴离子的形式与少量的未离解的磷酸和二价负电荷的磷酸氢盐阴离子一起存在。
本发明中使用的有机聚合物的分子量(例如,可用凝胶渗透色谱法测定)优选为500-50000,更优选约800-20000。
磷酸盐化浴液中优选含有的有机聚合物的浓度为约0.01-0.1g/l。更低浓度,所要求的钝化效果就弱。较高浓度,基本上不能提高这种效果,因而变得不经济。
可用于本发明的聚合物可以是各种不同化学基团。但是,最通用的聚合物是在其聚合链上或在其侧链基团上带有氧原子和/或氮原子的物质。最简单的这类聚合物是聚(亚烷基)二醇,例如聚乙二醇或聚丙二醇,优选地,具有的分子量为500-10000。聚合的羧酸例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸和马来酸的均聚物和共聚物同样是适用的。此外,聚合的膦酸或聚合的膦羧酸也是适用的。可以给出的一个实例是聚膦羧酸,可将它们看作丙烯酸-次磷酸钠盐·共聚物,可从Great Britain FMC股份有限公司买到,商标为“Belclene 500”。
有机聚合物还可选自含有氨基和含有相当于通式Ⅰ结构单元的均聚物或共聚物化合物或由相应的通式(Ⅰ)的结构单元组成的均聚物或共聚化合物:和其水解产物,其中R1和R2可以相同或不同,可以表示氢或具有1-6个碳原子的烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、正己基、异己基或二环己基。
DE-A4409306中列出了一系列的这类聚合物,其内容引入本文作为参考。具体的实施例是N-乙烯基-甲酰胺、N-乙烯基-N-甲基-甲酰胺、N-乙烯基-乙酰胺、N-乙烯基-N-甲基乙酰胺、N-乙烯基-N-乙基乙酰胺、N-乙烯基-丙酰胺和N-乙烯基-N-甲基-丙酰胺的均聚物和共聚物的水解产物,其中以N-乙烯基甲酰胺是优选的,这是因为它极易于水解。合适的共聚用单体是单乙基化的具有3-8个碳原子的不饱和羧酸,以及这些共聚用单体的水溶性盐。
有机聚合物还可选自相应通式(Ⅱ)的聚-4-乙烯基苯酚化合物:其中:n表示5-100的数,x独立地表示氢和/或CRR1OH基团,其中R和R1表示氢,具有1-12个碳原子的脂族和/或芳香族基团。
在DE-C3146265中公开了将这些聚合物作为分离的后冲洗溶液。根据该说明书,其中至少一个x表示CH2OH的聚-4-乙烯基苯酚化合物是特别合适的。上述公开文本给出了其制备方法。
特别优选地是使用有机聚合物,它们选自含有氨基并包括至少一个选自(a)、(b)、(c)或(d)聚合物的均聚物或共聚物化合物,其中:(a)包含至少一个相当于下式单元的聚合物料其中:各单元的R1-R3独立地表示选自氢、具有1-5个碳原子的烷基或具有6-18个碳原子的芳基;各单元的Y1-Y4独立地表示选自氢、-CR11R5OR6、-CH2Cl或具有1-18个碳原子的烷基或芳基或下列结构式的Z:但是,均聚物或共聚物化合物或其料的Y1、Y2、Y3或Y4的至少一部分必须是Z;各单元的R5-R12独立地表示选自氢、烷基、芳基、羟基烷基、氨基烷基、巯基烷基或二氧磷基烷基;R12也可表示-O(-1)或-OH;各单元的W1独立地选自氢、酰基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基;3-烯丙氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷氧基-2-羟基-丙基;2-羟基-辛基;2-羟基-烷基;2-羟基-2-苯乙基;2-羟基-2-烷基-苯乙基;苄基;甲基;乙基;丙基;烷基;烯丙基;烷基苄基;卤代烷基;卤代链烯基;2-氯丙烯基;钠;钾;四芳基铵;四烷基铵;四烷基磷鎓;四芳基磷鎓或环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的缩合产物或它们的混合物或共聚物;(b)包含:至少一个相当于下式单元的聚合物料:其中:各单元的R1-R2独立地选自氢、具有1-5个碳原子的烷基或具有6-18个碳原子的芳基;各单元的Y1-Y3独立地选自氢、-CR4R5OR6、-CH2Cl或具有1-18个碳原子的烷基或芳基或下列结构式的Z:但是最终化合物的Y1、Y2或Y3的至少一部分必须是Z;各单元的R4-R12独立地选自氢、烷基、芳基、羟基烷基、氨基烷基、巯基烷基或二氧磷基烷基;R12也可以是-O(-1)或OH;各单元的W2独立地选自氢、酰基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基;3-烯丙氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷基-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苯氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷基-苯氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷氧基-2-羟基-丙基;2-羟基-辛基;2-羟基-烷基;2-羟基-2-苯乙基;2-羟基-2-烷基-苯乙基;苄基;甲基;乙基;丙基;烷基;烯丙基;烷基-苄基;卤代烷基;卤代链烯基;2-氯-丙烯基或环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的缩合产物或它们的混合物;(c)包含共聚物料,其中至少一部分共聚物具有下列结构:并且所述部分的至少一部分与一种或多种单体聚合,对各单元的所述单体独立地选自丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯基甲基酮、异丙烯基甲基酮、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸正戊酯、苯乙烯、间溴苯乙烯、对溴苯乙烯、吡啶、二烯丙基二甲基铵盐、1,3-丁二烯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、正丁基乙烯基醚、叔丁基乙烯基醚、间氯苯乙烯、邻氯苯乙烯、对氯苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸正癸酯、N,N-二烯丙基-蜜胺、N,N-二-正-丁基丙烯酰胺、衣康酸-二-正丁酯、马来酸-二-正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、二乙二醇单乙烯基醚、富马酸二乙酯、衣康酸二乙酯、二乙基-乙烯磷酸酯、乙烯基膦酸、马来酸二异丁酯、衣康酸二异丙酯、马来酸二异丙酯、富马酸二甲酯、衣康酸二甲酯、马来酸二甲酯、富马酸二-正-壬酯、马来酸二-正-壬酯、富马酸二辛酯、衣康酸二-正辛酯、衣康酸二-正丙酯、N-十二烷基乙烯基醚、酸性富马酸乙酯、酸性马来酸乙酯、丙烯酸乙酯、肉桂酸乙酯、N-乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、乙基乙烯基醚、5-乙基-2-乙烯基-吡啶、5-乙基-2-乙烯基-吡啶-1-氧化物、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸正己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、异丁基乙烯基醚、异戊二烯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、异丙基乙烯基醚、衣康酸、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯腈、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丁氧基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丁氧基-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-烷氧基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-烷氧基-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-乙烯基-己内酰胺、丙烯酸甲酯、N-甲基-甲基丙烯酰胺、α-甲基-苯乙烯、间-甲基-苯乙烯、邻-甲基-苯乙烯、对-甲基-苯乙烯、2-甲基-5-乙烯基-吡啶、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、对-苯乙烯磺酸钠、硬脂基甲基丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯、对苯乙烯磺酸、对苯乙烯氨磺酰、乙烯基溴、9-乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基氯、1,1-二氯乙烯、1-乙烯基-萘、2-乙烯基萘、2-乙烯基-吡啶、4-乙烯基-吡啶、2-乙烯基-吡啶N氧化物、4-乙烯基-嘧啶、N-乙烯基-吡咯烷酮;和W1,Y1-Y4和R1-R3的定义如(a);(d)包含聚合物料(a)、(b)或(c)的缩合聚合物,其中将可缩合形式的(a)、(b)、(c)或其混合物与第二种选自酚类、单宁、酚醛清漆树脂、木质素化合物、与醛类、酮类或其混合物一起缩合,以制备缩合树脂产物,其中,通过添加“Z”使缩合树脂产物至少部分相同,然后通过树脂产物与1)一种醛或酮,2)仲胺的反应而进一步形成可与酸反应的最终加成物。
已经引证的公开文献EP-B319016和EP-B319017公开了这类聚合物的制备方法。这类聚合物可从美国,Parker Amchen Division,Henkel股份有限公司获得,商标为Parcolene95C,Deoxylyte90A,95A,95AT,100NC和TD-1355-CW。
这类聚合物中特别优选有机聚合物中至少一部分Z基团具有聚羟基-烷基胺官能度,其中聚羟基-烷基胺官能度由胺或氨与具有3-8个碳原子的酮糖或醛糖缩合产生的。必要时,可将缩合产物还原成胺。
这类聚合物另一个实例是聚乙烯基酚与甲醛或仲甲醛以及与仲有机胺的缩合产物。这里优选的由具有的分子量为约1000-10000的聚乙烯基酚开始。特别优选的缩合产物是其中仲有机胺选自甲基乙醇胺和N-甲基葡糖胺的那些化合物。
在所述浓度范围内,有机聚合物在磷酸盐化浴液中是稳定的,不会导致沉淀。它们对层的形成也没有副作用,因此,不会在金属表面上导致对抑制磷酸盐晶体生长的钝化现象。
有机聚合物也可选自含有下列结构单元的取代的聚亚烷基衍生物:其中R1,R2,R3可独立地表示氢或甲基或乙基,x表示1,2,3或4和Y表示含有至少一个氮原子的取代基并且结合进烷基氨基或结合进单核或多核饱和或不饱和的杂环化合物。
对于所有的含氮有机聚合物来说,在磷酸盐化溶液的pH下,至少有些氮原子是质子化,因而带有正电荷。
磷酸盐化浴液通常是以含水浓缩物的形式操作的,通过加水就地将其调节到欲使用的浓度。出于稳定性的考虑,这种浓缩物可含有过量的游离磷酸,以便在稀释浴液浓缩物时,游离酸的值开始时过高和pH值过低。通过加入碱例如氢氧化钠、碳酸钠或氨可使游离酸值降低到要求的范围内。此外,众所周知在使用磷酸盐化浴液时,由于形成层的阳离子的消耗和促进剂的分解反应可使游离酸的含量随时间增加。在这些情况下,需要及时地加入碱再次将游离酸值调节到要求的范围内。这就是说磷酸盐化浴液中的碱金属或铵离子的含量可在较宽的范围内波动,在使用磷酸盐化浴液期间,由于所述作用使得游离酸倾向于增加。例如,在新制备的磷酸盐化浴液中,碱金属离子和/或铵离子与锌离子的重量比极小,可小于0.05,并且在极端情况下甚至为0,由于浴液的保持运转,在一段时间后该值通常上升,使得该比值变得大于1,达到10和10以上。通常,需要向低锌磷酸盐化浴液中加入碱金属离子或铵离子,以便在要求的重量比PO4 3-∶Zn>8下将游离酸调节到要求的范围内。同样地,通过观察也可调节碱金属离子和/或铵离子与浴液中其它组分例如磷酸盐离子的重量比。
在含锂磷酸盐化浴液中,为了调节游离酸,最好避免使用钠化合物,因为过高的钠浓度会抑制锂对防腐性的有利作用。在这种情况下,优选使用碱性锂化合物来调节游离酸。另外,钾化合物也是适用的。
原则上,加入到磷酸盐化浴液中的形成层或影响层的阳离子的形式是无关紧要的。但是,要避免使用硝酸盐,应使其含量不超过硝酸盐的上限。优选使用不会将任何外来离子带入到磷酸盐化溶液中的化合物形式的金属离子。对此,最有利地是使用氧化物或碳酸盐形式的金属。锂也可使用其硫酸盐的形式。
本发明磷酸盐化浴液适用于磷酸盐化钢、镀锌钢或镀有锌合金的钢、铝、镀铝钢或镀有铝合金的钢以及铝镁合金的表面。这里,术语“铝”包括技术上通用的铝合金例如AlMg0.5Si1.4。上述材料在汽车制造业日益通用,也并列放置。
在这方面,车体的部件也可由已经进行预处理,例如按BonazinkR法进行预处理的材料构成。在这里,首先将基体材料全部镀铬或磷酸盐化,随后涂覆有机树脂。然后按本发明的磷酸盐化方法在该预处理层的损坏区域或未被处理的背面进行磷酸化。
本发明方法适用于浸渍、喷雾或喷雾/浸渍法。特别适用于汽车制造业,在这种情况下,处理时间通常为1-8分钟,优选2-5分钟。但是,也可用于炼钢厂的连续磷酸盐化法,其处理时间为3-12秒。当采用连续磷酸盐化法时,在各种情况下,应将浴液的浓度调节到本发明优选范围的上限值的一半。例如,锌含量可为1.5-2.5g/l,游离酸的含量为1.5-2.5点。尤其是,镀锌钢和电镀锌的钢特别适合于作为连续磷酸盐化法的基体。
象现有技术中的其它磷酸盐化化浴液一样,适当的浴液温度与应用领域无关,通常为30-70℃,45-60℃的温度范围是优选的。
本发明磷酸盐化法特别用于处理上漆前,例如在汽车制造中常用的阴极电涂前的所述金属表面。也适用于粉涂,例如用于民用应用前的预处理。应该将磷酸盐化法看作常规工业预处理工艺中的一个单独步骤。在该工艺中,步骤包括磷酸盐化法前的清洗和脱脂,中间冲洗和活化,其中活化通常是用含磷酸钛的活化剂中进行的。实旋例
对汽车制造业中所用的钢板ST 1405进行本发明的磷酸盐化法和对比方法试验。浸渍方法是按下的、汽车车体制造业中常用的加工工序进行的:
1.55℃下,用在自来水中的2%碱性清洗剂(Ridoline1501,HenkelKGaA)清洗4分钟。
2.室温下用自来水冲洗1分钟。
3.室温下,用在去离子水中的含1%磷酸钛的活化剂(Fixodine950,Henkel KGaA)活化1分钟。
4.用下列组分的磷酸盐化浴液进行磷酸盐化:
1.0g/l Zn2+
1.0g/l Mn2+
0.1g/l Fe2+
14g/l PO4 2+
0.95g/l SiF6 2-
0.2g/l F-
1.7g/l (NH3OH)2SO4
表中列出的聚合物。
除了上述列出的阳离子外,无硝酸盐的磷酸盐化浴液必要时含有用于调节游离酸的钠离子。
游离酸的点值为0.9并且总酸值为23;pH为3.35。游离酸的点值是指滴定10ml浴液溶液至pH3.6时所需要消耗0.1N氢氧化钠溶液的毫升数。同样地,总酸的点值是达到pH8.2时所消耗的毫升数。
5.用去离子水冲洗。
6.常用压缩空气吹干。
根据DIN50942,通过溶解在5%铬酸溶液中来测定每单位面积上的物质量(“层重”)。结果示于表中。
用BASF公司的阴极浸渍漆(FT85-7042)涂覆磷酸盐化的样品板。按VDA621-415,在另一个环境试验中测试防腐作用9次以上。结果以划痕处的蠕变(半划痕宽底)示于表中。表:磷酸盐化浴液和磷酸盐化的结果
*)聚乙烯基-苯酚(分子量3000,按凝胶渗透色谱法测定)与仲甲醛和葡糖胺(Parker Amchen,USA)的曼尼期反应产物**)如上所述,聚乙烯基苯酚的分子量为8600。
序号 | 聚合物(浓度) | 层重(g/m2) | 蠕变(U/2,mm) |
对比例1 | 没有聚合物 | 3.7 | 1.9 |
实施例1 | 聚乙二醇分子量1000,10ppm | 3.2 | 1.7 |
实施例2 | 如实施例1,50ppm | 3.9 | 1.5 |
实施例3 | TD-1355-CW3000*)10ppm | 3.5 | 1.5 |
实施例4 | 如实施例3,50ppm | 3.8 | 1.3 |
实施例5 | TD-1355-CW8600**)10ppm | 3.7 | 1.4 |
实施例6 | 如实施例5,50ppm | 3.2 | 1.1 |
Claims (20)
1.用于磷酸盐化钢、镀锌钢或镀有锌合金的钢、铝和/或铝镁合金金属表面的方法,其中将经过喷雾或浸渍3秒至8分钟的金属表面与含锌磷酸盐化溶液接触,其特征在于磷酸盐化溶液含有:0.2-3g/l锌离子,3-50g/l磷酸盐离子,按PO4计,0.001-4g/l锰离子,0.001-0.5g/l一种或多种选自聚醚、聚羧酸酯、聚合磷酸、聚合膦羧酸和含氮有机聚合物的聚合物,和一种或多种促进剂,选自0.3-4g/l氯酸盐离子,0.01-0.2g/l亚硝酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯磺酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l间硝基苯甲酸盐离子,0.05-2g/l对硝基苯酚,0.005-0.15g/l游离或结合形式的过氧化氢,0.1-10g/l游离或结合形式的羟基胺,0.1-10g/l还原糖。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中,磷酸盐化溶液另外还含有1-50mg/l镍离子和/或5-100mg/l钴离子。
3.根据权利要求1和2中之一的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液另外还含有0.2-1.5g/l锂离子。
4.根据权利要求1-3中之一项或多项的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液另外还含有总氟量至多达2.5g/l的氟,至多1g/l是游离氟,都按F计。
5.根据权利要求1-4中之一项或多项的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液含有5-150mg/l游离或结合形式的过氧化氢作为促进剂。
6.根据权利要求1-4中之一项或多项的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液含有0.1-10g/l的游离或结合形式的羟基胺作为促进剂。
7.根据权利要求1-6中之一项或多项的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液含有不高于0.5g/l的硝酸盐。
8.根据权利要求1-7中之一项或多项的方法,其中磷酸盐化溶液含有有机聚合物,其浓度为0.01-0.1g/l。
9.根据权利要求1-8中之一项或多项的方法,其中有机聚合物是分子量为500-10000的聚亚烷基二醇。
12.根据权利要求1-8中之一项或多项的方法,其中有机聚合物选自含有氨基并包括至少一个选自(a)、(b)、(c)或(d)的聚合物的均聚物或共聚物化合物,其中:(a)包含至少一个相应于下式单元的聚合物料其中:各单元的R1-R5独立地表示选自氢、具有1-5个碳原子的烷基或具有6-18个碳原子的芳基;各单元的Y1-Y4独立地表示选自氢、-CR11R5OR6、-CH2Cl或具有1-18个碳原子的烷基或芳基或下列结构式的Z:但是,均聚物或共聚物化合物或原料的Y1、Y2、Y3或Y4中至少一部分必须是Z;各单元的R5-R12独立地表示选自氢、烷基、芳基、羟基烷基、氨基烷基、巯基烷基或二氧磷基烷基;R12也可表示-O(-1)或-OH;各单元的W1独立地选自氢、酰基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基;3-烯丙氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷氧基-2-羟基-丙基;2-羟基-辛基;2-羟基-烷基;2-羟基-2-苯乙基;2-羟基-2-烷基-苯乙基;苄基;甲基;乙基;丙基;烷基;烯丙基;烷基苄基;卤代烷基;卤代链烯基;2-氯丙烯基;钠;钾;四芳基铵;四烷基铵;四烷基磷鎓;四芳基磷鎓或环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的缩合产物或它们的混合物或共聚物;(b)包含:至少一个相应于下式单元的聚合物料:其中:各单元的R1-R2独立地选自氢、具有1-5个碳原子的烷基或具有6-18个碳原子的芳基;各单元的Y1-Y3独立地选自氢、-CR4R5OR6、-CH2Cl或具有1-18个碳原子的烷基或芳基或下列结构式的Z:但是最终化合物的Y1、Y2或Y3的至少一部分必须是Z;各单元的R4-R12独立地选自氢、烷基、芳基、羟基烷基、氨基烷基、巯基烷基或二氧磷基烷基;R12也可以是-O(-1)或OH;各单元的W2独立地选自氢、酰基、乙酰基、苯甲酰基;3-烯丙氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷基-苄氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-苯氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷基-苯氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-丁氧基-2-羟基-丙基;3-烷氧基-2-羟基-丙基;2-羟基-辛基;2-羟基-烷基;2-羟基-2-苯乙基;2-羟基-2-烷基-苯乙基;苄基;甲基;乙基;丙基;烷基;烯丙基;烷基-苄基;卤代烷基;卤代链烯基;2-氯-丙烯基或环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷的缩合产物或它们的混合物;(c)包含共聚物料,其中至少一部分共聚物具有下列结构:并且所述部分的至少一部分与一种或多种单体聚合,对各单元的所述单体独立地选自丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯基甲基酮、异丙烯基甲基酮、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸正戊酯、苯乙烯、间溴苯乙烯、对溴苯乙烯、吡啶、二烯丙基二甲基铵盐、1,3-丁二烯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、正丁基乙烯基醚、叔丁基乙烯基醚、间氯苯乙烯、邻氯苯乙烯、对氯苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸正癸酯、N,N-二烯丙基-蜜胺、N,N-二-正-丁基丙烯酰胺、衣康酸-二-正丁酯、马来酸-二-正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、二乙二醇单乙烯基醚、富马酸二乙酯、衣康酸二乙酯、二乙基-乙烯磷酸酯、乙烯基膦酸、马来酸二异丁酯、衣康酸二异丙酯、马来酸二异丙酯、富马酸二甲酯、衣康酸二甲酯、马来酸二甲酯、富马酸二-正-壬酯、马来酸二-正-壬酯、富马酸二辛酯、衣康酸二-正辛酯、衣康酸二-正丙酯、N-十二烷基乙烯基醚、酸性富马酸乙酯、酸性马来酸乙酯、丙烯酸乙酯、肉桂酸乙酯、N-乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、乙基乙烯基醚、5-乙基-2-乙烯基-吡啶、5-乙基-2-乙烯基-吡啶-1-氧化物、丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸正己酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸2-羟基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、异丁基乙烯基醚、异戊二烯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、异丙基乙烯基醚、衣康酸、甲基丙烯酸十二烷基酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯腈、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丁氧基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丁氧基-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-烷氧基-甲基丙烯酰胺、N-烷氧基-甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-乙烯基-己内酰胺、甲基丙烯酸酯、N-甲基-甲基丙烯酰胺、α-甲基-苯乙烯、间-甲基-苯乙烯、邻-甲基-苯乙烯、对-甲基-苯乙烯、2-甲基-5-乙烯基-吡啶、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、对-苯乙烯磺酸钠、硬脂酰基甲基丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯、对苯乙烯磺酸、对苯乙烯氨磺酰、乙烯基溴、9-乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基氯、1,1-二氯乙烯、1-乙烯基-萘、2-乙烯基萘、2-乙烯基-吡啶、4-乙烯基-吡啶、2-乙烯基-吡啶N氧化物、4-乙烯基-嘧啶、N-乙烯基-吡咯烷酮;和W1,Y1-Y4和R1-R3的定义如(a);(d)包含由聚合物料(a)、(b)或(c)形成的缩合聚合物,其中将可缩合形式的(a)、(b)、(c)或其混合物与第二种选自酚类、单宁、酚醛清漆树脂、木质素化合物、与醛类、酮类或其混合物一起缩合,以制备缩合树脂产物,并且其中,通过添加“Z”使缩合树脂产物至少部分相同,然后使树脂产物与1)一种醛或酮,2)仲胺的反应产物进一步反应形成可与酸反应的最终加成物。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中,有机聚合物的基团Z的至少一部分具有由胺或氨与具有3-8个碳原子的酮糖或醛糖缩合而产生的聚羟基-烷基胺官能度。
14.根据权利要求12的方法,其中,有机聚合物是分子量为约1000-10000聚乙烯基苯酚与甲醛或仲甲醛和与仲有机胺的缩合产物。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中,仲有机胺选自甲基乙醇胺和N-甲基葡糖胺。
17.根据权利要求16的方法,其中R1,R2,R3分别表示氢和x表示1。
19.根据权利要求1-8中之一项或多项的方法,其中有机聚合物是含有氨基的聚糖衍生物。
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CN100447301C (zh) * | 2006-06-06 | 2008-12-31 | 南昌大学 | 镁合金磷酸盐表面改性处理方法 |
CN101210322B (zh) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-08-18 | 佛山市顺德区汉达精密电子科技有限公司 | 一种镁合金表面化成处理溶液及其处理方法 |
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DE19740953A1 (de) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-03-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Phosphatierung von Stahlband |
FR2769325B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-08 | 1999-12-03 | Cfpi Ind | Bain acide pour la phosphatation au zinc de substrats metalliques, concentre pour la preparation du bain et procede de phosphatation le mettant en oeuvre |
DE19905479A1 (de) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-17 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Phospatisierung von Zink- oder Aluminiumoberflächen |
US6743302B2 (en) | 2000-01-28 | 2004-06-01 | Henkel Corporation | Dry-in-place zinc phosphating compositions including adhesion-promoting polymers |
DE10005113A1 (de) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-08-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
DE10010758A1 (de) * | 2000-03-04 | 2001-09-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
DE10010355A1 (de) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Chemetall Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Phosphatüberzuges und Verwendung der derart phosphatierten Metallteile |
US6902766B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2005-06-07 | Lord Corporation | Two-part aqueous metal protection treatment |
ES2405841T3 (es) * | 2001-02-26 | 2013-06-04 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Producto de acero tratado en la superficie, método para la producción del mismo y solución de tratamiento de conversión química |
DE10131723A1 (de) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
DE10164671A1 (de) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-10 | Basf Ag | Derivate von Polymeren für die Metallbehandlung |
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DE102005059314B4 (de) * | 2005-12-09 | 2018-11-22 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Saure, chromfreie wässrige Lösung, deren Konzentrat, und ein Verfahren zur Korrosionsschutzbehandlung von Metalloberflächen |
US7645832B2 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2010-01-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Use of metal oxides and salts to enhance adhesion to steels |
BRPI0714839A2 (pt) * | 2006-07-25 | 2013-07-09 | Basf Se | preparaÇço Ácida para a passivaÇço de superfÍcies metÁlicas, processo para a passivaÇço de superfÍcies metÁlicas, e, copolÍmero solével em Água ou dispersÁvel em Água |
US20080160199A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-07-03 | Manesh Nadupparambil Sekharan | High peroxide autodeposition bath |
KR100784819B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-30 | 2007-12-14 | 정세근 | 알루미늄의 표면처리용 조성물 |
CN101711289A (zh) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-05-19 | 普罗蔻特技术有限公司 | 不含无机固体颗粒的防腐蚀和导电组合物以及金属板表面处理的方法 |
EP2176446A1 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-04-21 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Methods and compositions for passivating heat exchanger systems |
DE102009059990A1 (de) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-07-07 | Bayer MaterialScience AG, 51373 | Verfahren zur Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
CN102899650B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-06-04 | 自贡勃生表面技术推广有限公司 | 钢铁常温发黑液复合成膜促进剂及钢铁常温发黑液及钢铁常温发黑液的制备方法 |
US20210348277A1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-11-11 | Rhodia Operations | Method for ni-free phosphatizing of metal surfaces and composition for use in such a method |
WO2020074529A1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2020-04-16 | Chemetall Gmbh | Method for ni-free phosphatizing of metal surfaces and composition for use in such a method |
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DE2905535A1 (de) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-04 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur oberflaechenbehandlung von metallen |
US4659395A (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-04-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Ductile polyelectrolyte macromolecule-complexed zinc phosphate conversion crystal pre-coatings and topcoatings embodying a laminate |
US5039770A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1991-08-13 | Henkel Corporation | Treatment and after-treatment of metal with polyphenol compounds |
JPH0819531B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-02 | 1996-02-28 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 金属表面のリン酸亜鉛処理方法 |
JPH0432576A (ja) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-04 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | リン酸亜鉛化成処理液 |
US5604040A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1997-02-18 | Associated Universities, Inc. | Zinc phosphate conversion coatings |
US5378292A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-01-03 | Henkel Corporation | Phosphate conversion coating and compositions and concentrates therefor with stable internal accelerator |
JP2771110B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-15 | 1998-07-02 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | アルミニウム含有金属材料用表面処理組成物および表面処理方法 |
IT1274594B (it) * | 1994-08-05 | 1997-07-18 | Itb Srl | Soluzione fosfatica acquosa acida e processo di fosfatazione di superfici metalliche che la utilizza |
ZA969146B (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-27 | Henkel Corp | Finely crystallizing and/or fast phosphate conversion coating composition and process |
-
1996
- 1996-05-28 DE DE19621184A patent/DE19621184A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-20 BR BR9709493A patent/BR9709493A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1997-05-20 RU RU98123610/02A patent/RU2179198C2/ru active
- 1997-05-20 WO PCT/EP1997/002552 patent/WO1997045568A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-20 CZ CZ983892A patent/CZ389298A3/cs unknown
- 1997-05-20 CA CA002256695A patent/CA2256695A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-20 AU AU30275/97A patent/AU712640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-20 JP JP54152497A patent/JP3725171B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-20 TR TR1998/02438T patent/TR199802438T2/xx unknown
- 1997-05-20 SK SK1626-98A patent/SK162698A3/sk unknown
- 1997-05-20 HU HU9903963A patent/HUP9903963A3/hu unknown
- 1997-05-20 CN CN97194993A patent/CN1219982A/zh active Pending
- 1997-05-20 KR KR1019980709695A patent/KR20000016128A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-20 EP EP97924957A patent/EP0958402A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-20 US US09/194,412 patent/US20020011281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-20 PL PL97330013A patent/PL330013A1/xx unknown
- 1997-05-27 ZA ZA974617A patent/ZA974617B/xx unknown
- 1997-05-28 AR ARP970102269A patent/AR007310A1/es unknown
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100447301C (zh) * | 2006-06-06 | 2008-12-31 | 南昌大学 | 镁合金磷酸盐表面改性处理方法 |
CN101210322B (zh) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-08-18 | 佛山市顺德区汉达精密电子科技有限公司 | 一种镁合金表面化成处理溶液及其处理方法 |
WO2011080165A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2011-07-07 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Surface treatment composition and solution for light metals or alloys thereof and surface treatment method |
CN107073873A (zh) * | 2014-05-28 | 2017-08-18 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 夹层结构的制造方法、由此制造的夹层结构及其用途 |
CN106424701A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | 金属粉改性液、改性金属粉、改性金属粉的制备方法及金属微粉基涂料 |
CN113366147A (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-09-07 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 用于有效磷化金属表面的替换组合物和替换方法 |
CN113366147B (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2024-07-23 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 用于有效磷化金属表面的替换组合物和替换方法 |
CN114729457A (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2022-07-08 | 汉高股份有限及两合公司 | 用于在磷化前活化金属表面的资源节约型方法 |
CN114729457B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2024-04-30 | 汉高股份有限及两合公司 | 用于在磷化前活化金属表面的资源节约型方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001509840A (ja) | 2001-07-24 |
CA2256695A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
TR199802438T2 (en) | 1999-03-22 |
HUP9903963A3 (en) | 2000-07-28 |
WO1997045568A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
AR007310A1 (es) | 1999-10-27 |
PL330013A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
RU2179198C2 (ru) | 2002-02-10 |
KR20000016128A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
EP0958402A1 (de) | 1999-11-24 |
CZ389298A3 (cs) | 1999-08-11 |
HUP9903963A2 (hu) | 2000-03-28 |
AU3027597A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
BR9709493A (pt) | 1999-08-10 |
JP3725171B2 (ja) | 2005-12-07 |
SK162698A3 (en) | 1999-07-12 |
AU712640B2 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
US20020011281A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
DE19621184A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
ZA974617B (en) | 1999-01-26 |
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