CN1191904A - 自调制激光晶体Cr4+,Yb3+:Y3Al5O12 - Google Patents
自调制激光晶体Cr4+,Yb3+:Y3Al5O12 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 5
- 229910019655 synthetic inorganic crystalline material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明的自调制激光晶体Cr4+,Yb3+:Y3Al5O12是以Y3Al5O12(YAG)作为基质,同时含有Cr4+和Yb3+两种离子和补偿离子Ca2+或Mg2+。因为在基质YAG中,掺杂Yb3+离子的浓度可以高达1~25mol%,则相应的Cr4+离子的调制范围也宽,利用Cr4+离子的可饱和吸收特性,对Yb3+的1.030mm激光实现自调Q。很适宜做为InGaAs半导体或Ti:Al2O3钛宝石激光泵浦的激光器,可不外加调制元件,实现自调Q。做成的激光器可以小型化、集成化和实用化。
Description
本发明是关于一种新型的自调制激光晶体Cr4+,Yb3+:Y3Al5O12(YAG)。
早在1983年,中国电子工业部11所的桂尤喜、冀天来等人就在色心Nd:YAG晶体中发现了可饱和吸收现象,并成功研究和开发出色心Nd:YAG调制器和色心Nd:YAG自调Q激光器,研究成果可参阅:激光与红外,10(1983)P.25~38。1988年,苏联科学家B.Angert等人在Cr4+:YAG晶体中获得1300-1500nm可调谐的Cr4+激光输出,发表在:Sov.J.Quantum Electron.Vol.18,No.1(1988)P.73-74。同时Cr4+:YAG晶体作为一种性能优良的可饱和吸收体,被广泛用作被动调Q开关。并由此确认我国电子工业部11所发明的色心Nd:YAG晶体就是Cr4+,Nd:YAG晶体,具有自调Q特性。
Yb3+:YAG晶体是一种用于LD(激光二极管)泵浦高功率激光晶体,它具有荧光寿命长(1.2ms)、无浓度猝灭、上转换和激发态吸收,材料热效应低(为Nd:YAG的1/4),900~1100nm宽带吸收、光转换效率高达70%等优点。美国Lawrence Livermore NationalLaboratory(LLNL)实验室、林肯实验室和德国Stuttgart大学纷纷展开研究,参阅文献:Appl.Phys.B.58(1994)365-372。1991年林肯实验室P.Lacovara等人首次采用InGaAs半导体激光泵浦Yb3+:YAG获得1.030mm室温激光输出,光斜率效率>25%,参阅文献:Optics Letters,Vol.16,No.14(1991)P.1089~1091。随着InGaAs半导体激光器或列阵成本的降低,LD泵浦Yb3+:YAG激光器将会商品化。
综上所述,目前仅有的自调Q激光基质晶体是Cr4+,Nd:石榴石(YAG,GSGG等),但考虑到在这一晶体中,Nd3+的掺杂浓度低,对应的Cr4+离子的浓度调节范围窄,同掺Nd3+,Ca2+,Cr4+等离子晶体生长困难,器件结构和输出特性受到限制,有必要寻找另外的性能更好的自调Q激光材料。Yb3+,Cr4+:YAG作为一种新型的自调Q激光晶体材料,可以克服以上缺点。
本发明的目的在于寻找一种新型的自调制激光基质晶体Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG,它不仅可高掺杂,而且生长容易。可直接采用InGaAs半导体激光泵浦,在不外加调制元件(如LiF色心、染料和主动调制)的情况下,实现自调Q1.030mm激光输出。
本发明的关键技术是在YAG晶体基质中同时产生Yb3+和Cr4+离子,用Cr4+离子的可饱和吸收特性对Yb3+的1.030mm激光实现自调Q。
本发明提出在YAG晶体生长配方中分别掺入Yb2O3,Cr2O3和CaO(或Mg)等三种合适比例成分原料,其中Ca2+(或Mg2+等)离子作为补偿离子,这样在YAG晶体中就能实现Yb3+和Cr4+离子同时共存。
本发明的Cr4+,Yb3+:Y3Al5O12晶体的原料配方为: 其中x=0.1~0.25,y=0.001~0.01,z=0.001~0.01。
本发明所用的提拉法(Czochralski)生长Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体的装置为普通的中频感应加热单晶炉。它包括铱(Ir)坩埚、真空系统、中频感应发生器电源和温控系统等部分。
Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体生长工艺流程如下:首先将Al2O3、Y2O3、Yb2O3、Cr2O3和CaO(或Mg)高纯度粉料按上述比例配比称量,在混料机中机械混合后,用压料机压块成形,在1200℃以上高温烧结预先化学合成后,装入铱坩埚中,炉内用机械泵和扩散泵抽高真空至10-5torr,充入一定压力的高纯氩气(或含1%左右氧气)。升温至晶体熔点(1940℃),待料熔化后,以籽晶引晶,从熔体表面缓慢提拉晶体,晶体转速为10~30rpm,拉速为0.5~2mm/hr,生长晶体后,缓慢降温至室温。
将以上晶体经X光定向切割,样品表面经粗、细磨和抛光,使样品表面具有良好的光洁度,测量晶体的光谱特性。
晶体的吸收光谱测量所用仪器是PERKIN-ELMER1-9UV/VIS/NIR型分光光度计。图1是Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体的吸收光谱,与单掺Cr4+和单掺Yb3+的YAG吸收光谱比较于图2和图3。图1中曲线1为Cr3+离子的主吸收,曲线2为Yb3++Cr4+离子的主吸收。图2是单掺Cr4+离子(Cr掺杂浓度与图1相同)的Cr4+:YAG晶体室温吸收光谱,其中曲线3为Cr3+离子的主吸收,曲线4为Cr4+离子的主吸收。图3是单掺Yb3+离子(Yb掺杂浓度与图1相同)的Yb3+:YAG晶体室温吸收光谱。
Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体的发光光谱和发光特性同Yb3+:YAG晶体相当:940nm吸收截面σabs=0.8×10-20cm2,1.030um发射截面σg=2×10-20cm2,荧光寿命τ=1.1ms。Yb3+的发光波长1.03mm正好位于Cr4+的吸收波段内。
为了有效提高Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体中Cr4+离子浓度,将晶体在1000~1600℃下氧化气氛退火。
考虑到晶体调Q判据:σa/σg×Ag/Aa>1。其中Yb3+的发射截面σg=2×10-20cm2,Ag为Yb3+的光斑面积;Cr4+的吸收截面σa=3×10-18cm2,Aa为Cr4+的光斑面积。
对于自调Q晶体Ag=Aa,因此σa/σg=150>>1。在此情况下,Cr4+离子能有效地对Yb3+调制,即Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体是个优良的自调Q激光晶体。
本发明的优点是Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体本身掺杂Yb3+浓度可以高达1~25mol%,相对应的Cr4+离子的调节范围也可很宽,制作激光器时,器件可以做成薄片状。由于Yb3+(0.086nm)离子半径与Y3+(0.089nm)相近,晶体生长容易。Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体在0.9~1.1μm有宽带吸收,适宜于InGaAs半导体或Ti:Al2O3激光泵浦,在不外加调制元件(如LiF色心、染料和主动元件)的情况下,实现自调Q1.03μm激光输出,可使整套激光器件更加小型化、集成化和实用化。
附图说明:
图1是Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体的室温吸收光谱
图2是单掺Cr4+离子(Cr掺杂浓度与图1相同)的Cr4+:YAG晶体室温吸收光谱
图3是单掺Yb3+离子(Yb掺杂浓度与图1相同)的Yb3+:YAG晶体室温吸收光谱
图中:横座标为波长(Wavelength),
纵坐标为光密度(Optical Density)。
实施例1:
用上述的原料配比和工艺流程生长Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG晶体,原料配比中取x=0.2,y=0.005,z=0.005。
所以,将Al2O3,Y2O3,Yb2O3,Cr2O3,和CaO高纯原料(含量均>99.99%)按照1∶1∶0.2∶0.005∶0.005比例配比称量,在混料机中混合24小时后,用2t/cm2的等静压力锻压成块。在1200℃温度下空气中烧结,装入铱坩埚,炉内抽真空至10-5torr后,充入1个大气压的高纯氩气。升温至1940℃,料熔化,以[111]定向的籽晶引晶,从熔体表面缓慢引上晶体,晶体转速为15rpm,拉速为1mm/hr,长完晶体后,以50℃/hr速率降温至室温。取出晶体,晶体结晶完整,Yb3+浓度均匀分布,而Cr4+浓度头部深,尾部浅。Cr4+,Yb3+:YAG与Cr4+:YAG,Yb3+:YAG晶体的比较吸收光谱分别见图1、图2和图3。
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Cited By (6)
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EP1777281A2 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-04-25 | Fujifilm Corporation | Inorganic compound, composition and molded body containing the same, light emitting device, and solid laser device |
CN1328831C (zh) * | 2005-02-02 | 2007-07-25 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 主被动调q单纵模激光器 |
CN100434574C (zh) * | 2005-12-02 | 2008-11-19 | 西南技术物理研究所 | 掺镱和四价铬钇铝石榴石激光晶体的生长方法 |
CN102925975A (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | 上海祥羚光电科技发展有限公司 | 一种白光led用yag单晶体的制作方法 |
CN103370452A (zh) * | 2011-02-17 | 2013-10-23 | 克莱托斯波尔公司 | 制备具有高达500mm直径的掺杂石榴石结构的单晶 |
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SU1228525A1 (ru) * | 1980-03-04 | 1987-10-07 | Институт Физических Исследований Ан Армсср | Способ выращивани монокристаллов на основе иттрийалюминиевого гранита |
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CN1328831C (zh) * | 2005-02-02 | 2007-07-25 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 主被动调q单纵模激光器 |
EP1777281A2 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-04-25 | Fujifilm Corporation | Inorganic compound, composition and molded body containing the same, light emitting device, and solid laser device |
EP1777281A3 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-10-03 | Fujifilm Corporation | Inorganic compound, composition and molded body containing the same, light emitting device, and solid laser device |
CN100434574C (zh) * | 2005-12-02 | 2008-11-19 | 西南技术物理研究所 | 掺镱和四价铬钇铝石榴石激光晶体的生长方法 |
CN103370452A (zh) * | 2011-02-17 | 2013-10-23 | 克莱托斯波尔公司 | 制备具有高达500mm直径的掺杂石榴石结构的单晶 |
US9499923B2 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2016-11-22 | Crytur Spol S.R.O. | Method for the preparation of doped garnet structure single crystals with diameters of up to 500 mm |
CN103370452B (zh) * | 2011-02-17 | 2017-03-22 | 克莱托斯波尔公司 | 制备具有高达500mm直径的掺杂石榴石结构的单晶 |
CN102925975A (zh) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-13 | 上海祥羚光电科技发展有限公司 | 一种白光led用yag单晶体的制作方法 |
CN115746851A (zh) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 山东大学 | 蓝光可激发的Cr4+掺杂短波红外发光材料及制备方法和应用 |
CN115746851B (zh) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-09-15 | 山东大学 | 蓝光可激发的Cr4+掺杂短波红外发光材料及制备方法和应用 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: PATENTEE; FROM: SHANGHAI OPTICS AND PRECISION MECHANICS INSTITUTE, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TO: SHANGHAI ZHONGKE JIAPU PHOTOELECTRON MATERIAL CO., LTD. |
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Address after: No. 1411, Yecheng Road, Shanghai, Jiading District Patentee after: Shanghai Zhongke Jiapu Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd. Address before: 800-211 post office box, 390 Qinghe Road, Shanghai, Jiading District, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Optical Precision Machinery Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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