CN1185924C - Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite - Google Patents
Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite Download PDFInfo
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- CN1185924C CN1185924C CNB021239495A CN02123949A CN1185924C CN 1185924 C CN1185924 C CN 1185924C CN B021239495 A CNB021239495 A CN B021239495A CN 02123949 A CN02123949 A CN 02123949A CN 1185924 C CN1185924 C CN 1185924C
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- gunite
- sand
- whitewashing
- cover layer
- soil
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003872 anastomosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses gunite and a greening method for solidifying sand by covering layers which are formed from gunite. The gunite is slurry mainly prepared from the following components of the percentages by weight: 55 to 68% of water, 25 to 35% of crop stalk or industrial waste comprising certain fiber components, 2 to 10% of sticky yellow soil or laterite, 0.1 to 2% of plant water retention agent, 0.001 to 0.1% of adhesive, 0.001% of cotton or wool fiber, 0.01 to 1% of compound fertilizer, 0.0001 to 0.001% of trace element fertilizer, 0.2 to 6% of modified gypsum, 0.1 to 10% of cattle and sheep dung, 1 to 10% of wood saw dust, 0.0001 to 0.01% of phosphoric acid and 0.003 to 1% of seed. Prepared gunite is sprayed on the surfaces of deserts or soil, and a covering layer capable of solidifying and sealing sandy soil and germinating and growing plants is formed. The gunite is sprayed by a vehicular spray device, and the vehicular spray device is a spray device with a stirrer and a jet pump. The present invention has the advantages of high greening speed, good treatment effect, convenient construction, low cost, convenient popularization, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fix the sand, greening environment resist technology field, specifically a kind of whitewashing and whitewashing form the method that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening.
Technical background
At present, fix the sand to be divided into machinery in the world and fix the sand and chemical sand-fixing two big classes, machinery fixes the sand common having: manually do straw checkerboard barrier with grass and fix the sand; Vertical fence sand-protecting barrier fixes the sand; Nylon wire fence sand-protecting barrier fixes the sand; Manually fix the sand at upper berth, sand dune soil block, soil layer, stone cladding process.This kind mode is time-consuming, and persistence is poor, and difficulty of construction is big, and is little to the windproof ability.What chemical sand-fixing was common has: oil and by product pitch fix the sand; Cement layer fixes the sand; Waterglass fixes the sand; Macromolecule chemical material fixes the sand.This kind mode is constructed very inconvenient; limitation is big; most of chemical products contains toxicant, is difficult to degraded, contaminated environment at occurring in nature; some harmful substance permeates the ground with water in the water system; do not meet environmental protection requirement, oil product, by product apply influences the distribution of sand bed water source in the desert, and rainfall can not evenly be infiltrated below the sand bed; cause in the desert surface water potential drop low, cause psammophytes death.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of whitewashing and whitewashing and form the method that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening, it has cheap, and sand-fixing greening speed is fast, and raw materials used compliance with environmental protection requirements is free from environmental pollution; The cover layer function admirable is executed in environment and the water level in the desert can be risen gradually, is beneficial to the growth of psammophytes; Sand-fixing greening reliability height, the length of holding time, easy construction, applied range, adaptability is strong, and large tracts of land is used and can be changed local sand and dust environment, is well suited for using in northern desert neutralizes the soil of other type.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind ofly form the whitewashing that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening, it mainly is the slurry of being made by following component, by weight percentage:
Water 55-68%
Crop stalk 25-35%
Viscosity loess or laterite 2-10%
Liquid polypropylene acid sodium 0.1-2%
Sodium Polyacrylate and starch-grafted compound 0.001-0.1%
Staple 0.001%
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements complex fertilizer 0.01-1%
The compound 0.0001-0.001% of iron, zinc, manganese
Super-fine anhydrous calcium sulphate 0.2-6%
Cattle and sheep excrement 0.1-10%
Wooden sawdust 1-10%
Phosphoric acid 0.001%
Seed kind 0.003-1%
Described seed kind is grass seeds, shrub seeds and all kinds of seeds.
Whitewashing of the present invention forms the method that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening, is that the whitewashing that will prepare is injected in desert or soil surface, and formation can be sealed the cover layer of sandy soil and plant germination, growth admittedly.
Spray and adopt vehicle-mounted spraying equipment, vehicle-mounted spraying equipment is the flusher that has agitator and jet pump.
Whitewashing manufacture craft among the present invention is: in the agitator of earlier water being packed into, crops bar of pulverizing or the industrial residue that contains certain fiber composition are added in the agitator, add liquid water-loss reducer, binding agent and staple, compound fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, cattle and sheep excrement, wooden sawdust, modified gypsum, phosphoric acid, the seed kind that mixes successively, the back form slurry stirs.
Slurry is very thick pastel, with the high-pressure injection device it is injected on desert or the soil surface, and the short time solidify to form a kind of cover layer that keeps slurry and sandy soil layer moisture and be fit to the germination of seed kind, growth.
Whitewashing among the present invention is the multicomponent mixture system, and system component adds selected foundation and is: the crop stalk of pulverizing plays the inserts effect; But liquid water-loss reducer water-absorbing-retaining; Cohesive soil reduces voidage, increases severe; Binding agent is united all components and is bondd with the sandy soil layer; Staple plays the skeleton anastomosis; Trace element fertilizer provides nutrient for plant growing; Modified gypsum plays freezing action, not free-flow after spraying to guarantee to whitewash; The cattle and sheep excrement provides organic nutrient to plant; Phosphoric acid is used for varying environment is regulated different pH values; Wooden sawdust can prolong the cover layer life-span, increases microorganism fungus kind.Multicomponent mixture is injected on the sandy soil surface and forms cover layer after mixing, and cover layer has special physical property, can absorb water rapidly during the sky rainfall, divides slowly release to supply with plant absorbing institute's suction during arid; Cover layer and sandy soil layer bond together, and be weather-proof, anti-drenching with rain, and sand fixation is played in anti-Japanese solarization rapidly; Cover layer helps the retaining of sandy soil laminar surface, can improve face of land water level in the sand bed at leisure; Cover layer can ensure surviving of new plant species and surviving of existing plant, forms a little microcirculqtory system, progressively changes local ecotope.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, environmental protection is pollution-free: the raw material major part is a natural plants, and is all nontoxic, but executes in the Nature natural degradation in 3 years, becomes absorbable organic matter of plant and nutrient, do not pollute the environment.
2, greening speed is fast: behind the on-the-spot cover-seeding, can fix the sand, can afforest in two months.
3, regulation effect is good: behind the sand-fixing greening, water in the two weeks once, non-maintaining, cover layer can be preserved 3 years at occurring in nature, and the plant roots after surviving can be fixed sand.Use sand-fixing greening of the present invention, social benefit, economic benefit are very remarkable.
4, construction is comparatively convenient: can spend, be lower than on 80 meters high slopes and construct, solution slope problem big, precipitous and perilous, that manually can't afforest less than 60.
5, cost is low: the raw material of use is easy to get, and price is low, twice laid.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a process chart of the present invention
Embodiment:
Whitewashing among the present invention is made up of crop stalk, viscosity loess or laterite, plant water keeping agent, binding agent, staple, compound fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, modified gypsum, cattle and sheep excrement, wooden sawdust, in work progress, according to the geographical conditions of being afforested, can do suitable adjustment during use, for example:
Drift sand state and abrupt slope state can strengthen the consumption of binder component, use embodiment A; Under mixed type soil condition, reduce the consumption of binder component, use Embodiment B; Under the basic soil condition, can strengthen the consumption of phosphoric acid components, use Embodiment C; Under the state of abrupt slope, can strengthen the consumption of modified gypsum component, use embodiment D; In the location that has abundant water resources, can choose seeds economic and practical type arbor, shrub plant can be selected heat-resisting, cold-resistant, drought-enduring careless class, shrub class plant for use in the location of drought and water shortage, use embodiment E; Can increase the consumption of water-loss reducer in lack of water, zone that rainfall is few, use embodiment F.
Embodiments of the invention such as following table: (percetage by weight)
| Proportioning embodiment component | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Water | 68 | 68 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 58 |
| Crop stalk | 25 | 25 | 30 | 25 | 28 | 26 |
| Viscosity loess or laterite | 4 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 2 |
| The plant water keeping agent | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.0 |
| Binding agent | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Staple | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Compound fertilizer | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Trace element fertilizer | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
| Modified gypsum | 3 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 |
| The cattle and sheep excrement | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Wooden sawdust | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| Phosphoric acid | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
| The seed kind | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Claims (4)
1, a kind ofly form the whitewashing that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening, it is characterized in that it mainly is the slurry of being made by following component, by weight percentage:
Water 55-68%
Crop stalk 25-35%
Viscosity loess or laterite 2-10%
Liquid polypropylene acid sodium 0.1-2%
Sodium Polyacrylate and starch-grafted compound 0.001-0.1%
Staple 0.001%
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements complex fertilizer 0.01-1%
The compound 0.0001-0.001% of iron, zinc, manganese
Super-fine anhydrous calcium sulphate 0.2-6%
Cattle and sheep excrement 0.1-10%
Wooden sawdust 1-10%
Phosphoric acid 0.001%
Seed kind 0.003-1%
2, whitewashing according to claim 1 is characterized in that described seed kind is grass seeds, shrub seeds and all kinds of seeds.
3, a kind ofly form the method that cover layer comes sand-fixing greening with the described whitewashing of claim 1, it is characterized in that the whitewashing that will prepare is injected in desert or soil surface, formation can be sealed the cover layer of sandy soil and plant germination, growth admittedly.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that spraying and adopts vehicle-mounted spraying equipment, and vehicle-mounted spraying equipment is the flusher that has agitator and jet pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021239495A CN1185924C (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021239495A CN1185924C (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1466869A CN1466869A (en) | 2004-01-14 |
| CN1185924C true CN1185924C (en) | 2005-01-26 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021239495A Expired - Fee Related CN1185924C (en) | 2002-07-09 | 2002-07-09 | Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1185924C (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN102587344A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 朱明龙 | Sand stabilization technique using cow dung mixture |
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-
2002
- 2002-07-09 CN CNB021239495A patent/CN1185924C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102587344A (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2012-07-18 | 朱明龙 | Sand stabilization technique using cow dung mixture |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1466869A (en) | 2004-01-14 |
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