CN1048212A

CN1048212A - Special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and manufacture method

Info

Publication number: CN1048212A
Application number: CN 89106609
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙革
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-08-23
Filing date: 1989-08-23
Publication date: 1991-01-02

Abstract

A kind of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, it is the characteristic according to salt affected soil, with natural zeolite with contain organic and the mud coal of humic acids and an amount of nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer mix, and added the trace element zinc of a small amount of plant-growth needs, it is applied in the salt affected soil, can change the structure of soil, reduce in the soil harmful ion to the harm of plant, and can arrive fertilizer, the effect of water conservation protected, in salt affected soil, use general crop yield 15-30%.

Description

Special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and manufacture method

The present invention relates to a kind of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and manufacture method, belong to fertilizer and manufacturing technology field thereof.

Saline-alkali soil is a kind ofly to be distributed widely in arid, semiarid and semi-humid coastal region with small area, and its high pH value causes the nutritional trouble of crop, excessive replacement sodium ion and excessive Cl ^-And SO = ₄Also can directly endanger emerging and normal growth of plant, in addition, content organic in the salt affected soil is very low, lack validity nitrogen element, available nitrogen content reduces with the increase of pH value in the alkaline soil, the nitrogen that manually applies, because of the alkali reaction of soil, also with a large amount of the vaporing away of the state of ammonia.By analysis, in most of salt affected soil, also lack the needed trace zinc element of plant-growth.The method of the known improvement salt affected soil methods of digging or adding water that adopt, time-consuming on the one hand, this on the other hand method can not fundamentally solve the shortage of the essential element of the volatilization of available nitrogen element in the soil and plant, and overcomes excessive Cl more ^-And SO = ₄To the toxic action of plant, particularly arid area, the improvement of salt affected soil does not more have effective means, and the available fertilizer that is used for salt affected soil does not see that report is arranged yet.

Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of compound fertilizer special and manufacture method that is used for salt affected soil, and it can suppress and alleviate the saline alkali of soil, reduces pH in soil, can also play the effect of protecting fertilizer, water conservation and increase output.

This compound manure mainly is to have utilized the adsorption of natural zeolite to positively charged ion and water, and (peat, brown coal etc. all can to have added the mud coal that contains a certain amount of humic acids and organic matter, down together), ion exchangeable, the complexing of utilizing mud coal to have are to reduce excessive Cl in the salt affected soil ^-And SO = ₄, their are pulverized back and an amount of nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer mix, add again and contain the zinc element material on a small quantity, process from strand.

Effective element or component are by weight in the concrete this special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil:

Nitrogen 2-15(weight unit, down together)

Phosphorus 2-8

Zeolite 10-70

Mud coal 10-70

Zinc 0.5-3

Prepare above-mentioned compound manure and can adopt following method:

Method 1: an amount of natural zeolite, mud coal is nitrogenous with the finished product of calculated amount, phosphoric fertilizer and contain on a small quantity the zinc element material through pulverizing, mix, drying forms.Wherein, natural zeolite and institute's mixture are crushed to the 0.5-1 millimeter and are advisable.

Method 2: will mud coal pulverize the back and handle, placed through 3-5 days with the ammoniacal liquor ammonification, slaking, again with zeolite of pulverizing and nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer and contain on a small quantity the zinc element material through mixes, dry, pack the finished product compound manure.

In the aforesaid method 2, when mud coal was handled with the ammoniacal liquor ammonification, the add-on of ammoniacal liquor should adapt with mud coal total add-on in fertilizer, but did not exceed total content of folding synthetic nitrogen in the fertilizer, contain nitrogen manure because also will add a small amount of finished product in the fertilizer, to guarantee the effective nitrogen in the fertilizer.

In preparation method of the present invention, also can adopt such method: directly nitrogenous with an amount of zeolite and finished product with humic acid fertilizer, phosphoric fertilizer mixes.In the prescription, add-on nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer is the 30-50% of every mu of positive usual amounts, is advisable with every mu of 50-90 kilogram in using.

Above-mentioned preparation method, zeolite adopts particulate state, and fertilizer is crushed to the 0.5-1 mm particle size and is advisable, and used contain the zinc element material and can adopt ZnCl ₂, ZnSO ₄Etc. material commonly used.

Said nitrogen manure in the application's book and claims can be understood as: can be in urea, anhydrous ammonia, ammoniacal liquor, inorganic ammonium salt, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and other the inorganic or organic nitrogen manure one or more.The peat that mud coal is promptly often said, the peat composed of rotten mosses etc. contain a certain amount of humic acids and organic matter.

Utilize compound manure of the present invention to apply in the salt affected soil, can reduce positively charged ion and excessive Cl in the soil ^-And SO = ₄, particularly the content of sodium ion has overcome the volatilization of nitrogen with the ammonia form, play water conservation, protected effect fertile, the adjusting soil moisture content, solved nitrogen manure and applied in the salt affected soil and can cause soil compaction, and the nitrogenous fertilizer that has can not be with planting down, easily shortcomings such as decomposition.

Compound manure of the present invention is made base fertilizer usefulness, and effect is more remarkable, is used for general salt affected soil, and general crop yield reaches 15-30%.

Below provide several specific embodiment of the present invention.

1, nitrogen 10

Phosphorus 6

Zeolite 60

Mud coal 20

Zinc 1

Get 21.7 kilograms in the urea (including available nitrogen is this routine requirement) of nitrogen content 46% as calculated, nitrogen content is 42.9 kilograms of 14% general calcium, 60 kilograms in zeolite, 20 kilograms in mud coal, 2.5 kilograms in zinc sulfate, with these several compositions through technologies such as pulverizing, mixing, the drying special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil that gets product.

2, nitrogen 10

Phosphorus 5

Zeolite 10

Mud coal 70

Zinc 1.2

Get 70 kilograms in mud coal, phosphorus content is 21.95 kilograms of 22.8% potassium primary phosphates, 10 kilograms in zeolite, and 3 kilograms in zinc sulfate, 10 kilograms of ammoniacal liquor (nitrogen content 48%), nitrogen content is 13 kilograms in 46% a urea.Earlier mud coal is handled with the ammoniacal liquor ammonification, was placed 3-5 days, after the drying, again with other mixing of materials, be ground into particle 0.5-1 millimeter, dry, pack the finished product special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil.

3, nitrogen 15

Phosphorus 5

Zeolite 50

Mud coal 20

Zinc 1

4, nitrogen 10

Phosphorus 5

Zeolite 30

Mud coal 60

Zinc 0.5

The effect that special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil of the present invention is obtained in using also should contain CO according to pH in soil and soda acid characteristic = ₃, in the many soil of sodium ion, prescription mesolite amount should be more, the mud coal amount is few; Containing Cl ^-, SO = ₄In many soil, it is more to get the mud coal amount in the prescription, and corresponding amount of zeolite is few, but for total fertilizer sowing amount, the general grasp is advisable at per hectare 600-1500 kilogram.

Claims

1, a kind of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, it is to be made through operations such as pulverizing, mixing, dryings by first fertilizer such as nitrogen, phosphorus, it is characterized in that also having added zeolite, mud coal and a little zinc element in the fertilizer, the content of effective element or component is by weight in the composition:

Nitrogen 2-15 (weight unit, down together)

Phosphorus 2-8

Zeolite 10-70

Mud coal 10-70

Zinc 0.5-3

2, special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation method can be:

A, natural zeolite and mud coal, finished product is nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer through pulverize, mix, dry back adds the mixing of a little zinc element and makes the finished product compound manure;

B, earlier mud coal is handled with the ammoniacal liquor ammonification, is added nitrogenous, phosphoric fertilizer, and zeolite, a little zinc element again, through pulverize, drying makes the finished product compound manure.

3, the preparation method of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that among the method b, and mud coal is during by the ammoniacal liquor ammonification, and the add-on of ammoniacal liquor is amounted to into the total content that nitrogen content is no more than nitrogen in the prescription.

4, the preparation method of special purpose complex fertilizer for saline-alkali soil according to claim 2 is characterized in that natural zeolite uses with broken particle.