CN109537573B - Original ecological desert control method and device - Google Patents

Original ecological desert control method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109537573B
CN109537573B CN201811652371.2A CN201811652371A CN109537573B CN 109537573 B CN109537573 B CN 109537573B CN 201811652371 A CN201811652371 A CN 201811652371A CN 109537573 B CN109537573 B CN 109537573B
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slurry
desert
connecting rod
sliding rod
hook
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CN109537573A (en
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安长江
芝玉胜
马小龙
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Jingtai Greenland Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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Jingtai Greenland Agricultural Machinery Equipment Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/126Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and mixing by rotating blades
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00758Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for controlling an original ecological desert, wherein the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing slurry: taking desert yellow sand, cement and gypsum powder as raw materials, adding water, and stirring to form slurry, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry is 100:25-40; (2) slurry laying: spreading the slurry on the surface layer of the desert, covering the desert area to be treated, and controlling the thickness of the slurry to be 3-10cm; (3) breaking slurry: cutting the paved slurry to form 3-10cm block or spherical material blocks on the desert surface layer, and forming vegetation growing grooves in gaps among the material blocks. The method has high treatment efficiency and can be implemented in a large area in the edge area of the desert; the treatment cost is low, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the local materials can be obtained; can effectively support moisture, avoid vapor evaporation and facilitate the growth of plants; the sand can be effectively fixed, and the formation of quicksand is greatly reduced; the treatment period is short, and the effect can be achieved about 3 years.

Description

Original ecological desert control method and device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of desert control, and relates to an original ecological desert control method and device.
Background
Desertification seriously threatens the living environment of human beings and the development of socioeconomic performance, and at present, the desertification area of China reaches 262 ten thousand square kilometers and accounts for 27% of the territorial area. Meanwhile, china is one of countries with large desert areas, wide distribution and serious desertification hazard in the world. Desertification not only causes ecological system unbalance, but also continuously reduces the arable area, and has serious influence on industrial and agricultural production in China and life of people. Therefore, the control of desertification and desertification areas is an important content of current ecological construction. At present, however, desert control mainly relies on fixing grass square grids and planting drought-tolerant plants, the grass square grids have high desert control cost, and the grass square grids have large labor capacity and are difficult to implement in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an original ecological desert control method aiming at the problems existing in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive desert control device for implementing the above method.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an original ecological desert control method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing slurry: taking desert yellow sand, cement and gypsum powder as raw materials, adding water, and stirring to form slurry, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry is 100:25-40;
(2) And (3) slurry paving: spreading the slurry on the surface layer of the desert, covering the desert area to be treated, and controlling the thickness of the slurry to be 3-10cm;
(3) Breaking slurry: cutting the paved slurry to form 3-10cm block or spherical material blocks on the desert surface layer, and forming vegetation growing grooves in gaps among the material blocks.
Further, in the step (2), seeds of herbaceous plants suitable for growing in the desert are scattered on the surface layer of the desert before the slurry is paved, and then the slurry is paved.
Further, in the step (1), the raw material ratio of the slurry is as follows: 60-80 parts of desert yellow sand, 5-15 parts of cement and 5-15 parts of gypsum powder.
Further, in the step (1), the raw material of the slurry further comprises 5-10 parts of laterite or clay.
Further, in the step (1), the raw material of the slurry further comprises 2-5 parts of limestone.
Further, in the step (2), arbor isolation belts are planted on the west side of the desert area to be treated, and then slurry spreading is started.
The desert comprehensive treatment device for implementing the method comprises a slurry spreading mechanism and a slurry breaking mechanism, wherein:
The slurry spreading mechanism comprises a hopper and a stirring shaft horizontally arranged in the hopper, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the hopper;
The slurry breaking mechanism comprises a frame, a sliding rod and a hook harrow, wherein the frame is fixedly connected with the rear side of the hopper, the sliding rod is horizontally sleeved on the frame, one end of the sliding rod is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism can push the sliding rod to reciprocate along the axial direction of the sliding rod, and a tension spring is connected between the sliding rod and the frame; the sliding rod is connected with a plurality of groups of hook harrows.
Further, a terrain imitation mechanism is connected between the hook rake and the sliding rod and comprises a first vertical connecting rod, a second vertical connecting rod, a first horizontal connecting rod and a second horizontal connecting rod, two ends of the first horizontal connecting rod and two ends of the second horizontal connecting rod are respectively hinged with the first vertical connecting rod and the second vertical connecting rod to form a quadrilateral structure, a spring is arranged between two hinged points on the diagonal line of the quadrilateral structure, the first vertical connecting rod is fixed with the frame, and the hook rake is fixedly connected to the second vertical connecting rod.
In the invention, staggered block-shaped or spherical material blocks are formed on the desert surface in a full-coverage mode, so that the desert yellow sand can be effectively solidified, and the formation of quicksand is prevented. The sowed grass seeds can grow out along vegetation growth grooves among the blocks and can not be buried by the quicksand, meanwhile, the covered blocks can effectively reduce the evaporation of water vapor in the desert, and the functions of preserving soil moisture and conserving water are realized, so that the ecological management of the desert is realized. In addition, the size of the material block is not too large or too small, the material block is easy to blow by strong wind, the area of a vegetation growth groove is easy to be smaller due to the too large material block, and the size of 3-10cm is the optimal size through experiments.
When the slurry is prepared, gypsum powder, laterite and the like can play a role in binding, meanwhile, the addition of the gypsum powder and limestone is beneficial to the slow decomposition of the material blocks, according to experiments, the material blocks can be naturally decomposed after 3-5 years, at the moment, vegetation in a treatment area has a certain scale, and the sand fixing effect of the material blocks is not obvious, so that the material blocks are required to be naturally decomposed after 3-5 years, and the vegetation area is conveniently enlarged.
In addition, due to the fact that western wind and northwest wind weather in desert areas are high, isolation belts formed by trees such as poplar, pagodatree, salix rubra and the like are planted on the western side of a treatment area, so that the material blocks are prevented from being covered by flowing sand in the initial stage of treatment, and the treatment effect is ensured.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the treatment efficiency is high, and the method can be implemented in a large area in the edge area of the desert; the treatment cost is low, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the local materials can be obtained; can effectively support moisture, avoid vapor evaporation and facilitate the growth of plants; the sand fixation can be effectively realized, and the formation of quicksand is greatly reduced; the treatment period is short, and the effect can be achieved about 3 years; the method is simple and suitable for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the structure of the desert comprehensive treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the slurry spreading mechanism of the desert comprehensive treatment device;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the structure of the slurry breaking mechanism of the desert comprehensive treatment device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a terrain imitation mechanism of the desert comprehensive treatment device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the driving shaft of the desert comprehensive treatment device of the present invention;
In the figure, the hopper is 1-, the first stirring shaft is 2-, the second stirring shaft is 3-, the first gear is 4-, the second gear is 5-, the stirring blade is 6-, the discharge hole is 7-, the gate plate is 8-, the frame is 9-, the sliding rod is 10-, the hook harrow is 11-, the harrow teeth are 12-, the driving shaft is 13-, the tension spring is 14-, the belt is 15-, the belt pulley is 16-, the first vertical connecting rod is 17-, the second vertical connecting rod is 18-, the first horizontal connecting rod is 19-, the second horizontal connecting rod is 20-and the spring is 21-.
Detailed Description
The following is a further explanation of the solution according to the invention by means of specific examples.
An original ecological desert control method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sowing grass seeds: sowing seeds of herbaceous plants suitable for desert growth on the surface layer of the desert;
(2) Planting a median: planting arbor isolation belts on the west sides of desert areas to be treated, wherein the tree species can be poplar, pagodatree or salix rubra;
(3) Preparing slurry: taking desert yellow sand, cement, gypsum powder, laterite and limestone as raw materials, adding water, and stirring to form slurry, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the slurry is 100:25-40; the raw materials are proportioned as follows (according to parts by weight): 60-80 parts of desert yellow sand, 5-15 parts of cement, 5-15 parts of gypsum powder, 5-10 parts of red soil and 2-5 parts of limestone;
(4) And (3) slurry paving: spreading the slurry on the surface layer of the desert, covering the desert area to be treated, and controlling the thickness of the slurry to be 3-10cm;
(5) Breaking slurry: cutting the paved slurry to form block-shaped or spherical blocks with the size of 3-10cm which are distributed in a staggered manner on the surface layer of the desert, and forming vegetation growth grooves in gaps among the blocks.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a comprehensive desert control device for implementing the method comprises a slurry spreading mechanism and a slurry breaking mechanism, wherein:
The slurry spreading mechanism comprises a hopper 1 and a stirring shaft horizontally arranged in the hopper 1, wherein the stirring shaft comprises a first stirring shaft 2 and a second stirring shaft 3 which are arranged side by side, one end of the first stirring shaft 2 extends out of the hopper 1 and is provided with a first gear 4, one end of the second stirring shaft 3 extends out of the hopper 1 and is provided with a second gear 5, and the first stirring shaft 2 is connected with a power output shaft of traction equipment; the first gear 4 and the second gear 5 are meshed with each other, so that the first stirring shaft 2 and the second stirring shaft 3 can rotate in opposite directions, and the slurry can be uniformly stirred; the first stirring shaft 2 and the second stirring shaft 3 are respectively provided with a spiral stirring blade 6, the bottom of the hopper 1 is provided with a discharge hole 7, and the discharge hole 7 is provided with a flashboard 8 for controlling the size of the opening;
the slurry breaking mechanism comprises a frame 9, a sliding rod 10 and a hook rake 11, wherein the frame 9 is fixed with the rear side of the hopper 1, the sliding rod 10 is horizontally sleeved on the frame 9, one end of the sliding rod 10 is connected with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism can push the sliding rod 10 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the sliding rod; the sliding rod 10 is connected with a plurality of groups of rake hooks 11, and the rake hooks 11 are arranged in close proximity to each other, so as to ensure that the slurry is uniformly divided, and each group of rake hooks 11 comprises two rows of rake teeth 12; the driving mechanism comprises a driving shaft 13 and a tension spring 14, wherein the driving shaft 13 is parallel to the sliding rod 10 and is arranged in a staggered manner, one end of the driving shaft 13, which is close to the sliding rod 10, is an inclined plane, the end part of the sliding rod 10 is tightly attached to the outer circumference of the inclined end surface of the driving shaft 13, one end of the tension spring 14 is connected with the frame 9, and the other end of the tension spring 14 is connected with the sliding rod 10; when the driving shaft 13 rotates, the sliding rod 10 can be driven to reciprocate along the axial direction; the driving shaft 13 is in transmission connection with the second stirring shaft 2 through a belt pulley 16 and a belt 15;
The terrain imitation mechanism is further connected between the hook rake 11 and the sliding rod 10 and comprises a first vertical connecting rod 17, a second vertical connecting rod 18, a first horizontal connecting rod 19 and a second horizontal connecting rod 20, two ends of the first horizontal connecting rod 19 and two ends of the second horizontal connecting rod 20 are respectively hinged with the first vertical connecting rod 17 and the second vertical connecting rod 18 to form a quadrilateral structure, a spring 21 is connected between two hinged points on the diagonal of the quadrilateral structure, the first vertical connecting rod 17 is fixed with the frame 9, and the hook rake 11 is fixedly connected to the second vertical connecting rod 18. Under normal conditions, the spring 21 is in a pressed state so as to ensure that the rake teeth 12 can be closely attached to the ground surface and smoothly divide the slurry, and when the rake teeth meet the high and low relief topography, the topography-like structure can ensure that the rake teeth 12 can divide the slurry at high and low positions.
In the invention, the driving mechanism can also be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.
The application principle of the desert comprehensive treatment device is as follows:
When in use, the treatment device is connected with traction equipment, such as a tractor or other agricultural vehicles. Then, the materials such as desert yellow sand, cement, gypsum powder and the like and water are added into the hopper 1 in proportion, and the first stirring shaft 2 is connected with a power output shaft of traction equipment. The second stirring shaft 3 rotates in opposite directions under the drive of the first stirring shaft 2, and the slurry preparation raw materials are stirred and mixed. After the slurry is uniformly stirred, the flashboard 8 is opened, the traction equipment drags the treatment device to move forwards, slurry in the hopper 1 continuously flows out from the discharge hole 7, the slurry which flows down is manually flattened to be paved, and the thickness of the paved slurry is controlled to be 3-10cm.
In the forward moving process of the slurry spreading mechanism, the slurry breaking mechanism at the rear side immediately starts to work, specifically, the second stirring shaft 3 drives the driving shaft 13 to rotate through the belt pulley 16 and the belt 15, in the rotating process of the driving shaft 13, the rotating inclined end surface of the driving shaft can push the sliding rod 10 to reciprocate in the axial direction of the driving shaft, so as to drive the hook rake 11 to reciprocate transversely, in the forward moving process of the treatment device, the hook rake 11 moves forwards in an S shape, and as the hook rake 11 consists of two rows of rake teeth 12, slurry can be divided into staggered material blocks in the forward moving process, and grooves among the material blocks form vegetation growing grooves.
By the method, the desert control area can be fully covered by the material blocks, yellow sand is effectively fixed, the formation of the quicksand is prevented, the material blocks can also reduce the evaporation of water in the yellow sand, the water is recovered, and grass seeds in the yellow sand on the surface layer can grow out of vegetation growth grooves. Because the formation of the quicksand is prevented, the grown herbaceous plants cannot be submerged by the quicksand, and the water conservation of the yellow sand below the material block can further ensure the normal growth of the herbaceous plants. After 2-3 years, a larger vegetation area can be formed, and at the moment, the material blocks can be gradually and naturally decomposed under the action of gypsum powder, limestone and the like, so that the vegetation growth area is increased. After 3-5 years of treatment, the treated area can be covered by vegetation, and yellow sand is gradually changed into soil suitable for plant growth.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a desert comprehensive control device which characterized in that includes shop's thick liquid mechanism and broken thick liquid mechanism, wherein:
The slurry spreading mechanism comprises a hopper and a stirring shaft horizontally arranged in the hopper, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the hopper;
The slurry breaking mechanism comprises a frame, a sliding rod and a hook harrow, wherein the frame is fixedly connected with the rear side of the hopper, the sliding rod is horizontally sleeved on the frame, one end of the sliding rod is connected with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism can push the sliding rod to reciprocate along the axial direction of the sliding rod; the sliding rod is connected with a hook rake;
a terrain imitation mechanism is connected between the hook harrow and the sliding rod; the plurality of groups of the hook rakes are arranged in close proximity to each other, and each group of the hook rakes comprises at least two rows of rake teeth.
2. The comprehensive desert control device according to claim 1, wherein the terrain imitation mechanism comprises a first vertical connecting rod, a second vertical connecting rod, a first horizontal connecting rod and a second horizontal connecting rod, two ends of the first horizontal connecting rod and two ends of the second horizontal connecting rod are respectively hinged with the first vertical connecting rod and the second vertical connecting rod to form a quadrilateral structure, a spring is connected between two hinged points on a diagonal line of the quadrilateral structure, the first vertical connecting rod is fixed with the frame, and the hook rake is fixedly connected to the second vertical connecting rod.
CN201811652371.2A 2018-12-31 2018-12-31 Original ecological desert control method and device Active CN109537573B (en)

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CN109537573B true CN109537573B (en) 2024-04-26

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001132014A (en) * 1999-11-05 2001-05-15 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Earth and sand supply apparatus
CN1373260A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 王全祥 Process for transforming desert by using gypsum to fixate sand
CN1466869A (en) * 2002-07-09 2004-01-14 窦永位 Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite
CN105369793A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-03-02 田新明 Desertification control method
CN106753384A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 北京科技大学 A kind of sand-fixation method of the inorganic sand fixation material of degradable green
CN209636779U (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-11-15 景泰绿地农机装备有限公司 A kind of comprehensive desert control device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001132014A (en) * 1999-11-05 2001-05-15 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Earth and sand supply apparatus
CN1373260A (en) * 2001-02-28 2002-10-09 王全祥 Process for transforming desert by using gypsum to fixate sand
CN1466869A (en) * 2002-07-09 2004-01-14 窦永位 Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite
CN105369793A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-03-02 田新明 Desertification control method
CN106753384A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-05-31 北京科技大学 A kind of sand-fixation method of the inorganic sand fixation material of degradable green
CN209636779U (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-11-15 景泰绿地农机装备有限公司 A kind of comprehensive desert control device

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