CN103262692B - Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method - Google Patents
Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262692B CN103262692B CN201310158098.9A CN201310158098A CN103262692B CN 103262692 B CN103262692 B CN 103262692B CN 201310158098 A CN201310158098 A CN 201310158098A CN 103262692 B CN103262692 B CN 103262692B
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method, wherein the artificial soil is composed of clay soil, sand (1mm<=d<=5mm), plant fiber, stabilizing agent, aggregating agent, organic matter, fertilizer, perlite, additive and seed; wherein spray seeding thickness is 3-12cm, and the artificial soil is formed by selecting different proportions based on environment conditions of different natural areas. A construction method on a slope comprises: cleaning the slope, laying a metal net, spray seeding and maintaining. The artificial soil has performances of water retention, fertilizer retention, water osmosis and ventilation, and can provide nutrition elements like nitrogen, phosphor, potassium, etc. The preparation method is novel, rapid, low in consumption and operable; has very strong erosion resistance, and can prevent erosion of rainstorm and water and soil loss. The spray seeding greening construction method enables components of each spraying seeding layer to fully perform effects, raises a material utilization rate, and avoids cost waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial soil spraying and seeding afforesting method of preserve moisture and fertility, the fields such as water and soil conservation, mine recovery, territory greening, traffic engineering, urban construction can be widely used in.
Technical background
CN200510047466.8 discloses a kind of plant culture for hill afforestating vegetation, be made up of bark, balloonflower root, local soil, ash, carbon dust, breaking, paper pulp, green stone, fertilizer, grass-seed, flower seed, the seeds of trees, water-loss reducer, curing agent, adhesive, dehydrating agent raw material, be mixed and made into plant culture, being sowed grass seeds by duster on massif scar by the plant culture made, is the greening backing that a kind of vegetation seed and culture soil are lumped together.
CN101743793.A discloses a plant growth soil culture medium, be made up of clay, organic matter, vegetable fiber, stabilizing agent, granule agent, fertilizer, clear water and seed, for the revegetation of bare rock side slope, it is the greening backing that a kind of vegetation seed and culture soil are lumped together.Plant seed has arbor, shrub, draft.
Above-mentioned two patents all do not possess the technique of construction in layer, therefore excellent all not as this patent of the nutrient supply of its greening backing, moisture content self-restraint, soil stabilization effect.Along with socioeconomic high speed development, the infrastructure constructions such as road construction, mining, hydroelectric development also develop rapidly, in these foundation engineerings are built, because slope excavating causes much exposed side slope.These exposed side slopes are exposed to the sun and rain through long-term, severe water and soil erosion, and water retaining function is poor, and activation nutrient content is low, does not possess the necessary soil condition of plant growth and nutrient condition, are difficult to maintain plant growth.In order to recover the ecotope of bare slope, the plant growth medium of high-efficiency environment friendly and corresponding construction method recover the important foundation of bare slope.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one and there is preserve moisture and fertility effect, can be formed on side slope surface and be applicable to vegetation growth again not easily by the artificial soil of rain drop erosion and preparation thereof, construction method.
Described artificial soil composition: clay soil 15.6%-22.4%, sand (1mm≤d≤5mm) 7%-11%, vegetable fiber 6.4%-13.2%, stabilizing agent 0.26%-0.78%, granule agent 0.0196%-0.07%, organic 21.4%-29.6%, fertilizer 0.046%-0.156%, perlite 5%-7%, additive 0.8%-2.2%, seed 0.196%-0.82%.
The construction method of preserve moisture and fertility artificial soil of the present invention, is characterized in that:
1, repair domatic: clear up domatic foreign material, danger stone and all destabilizing factors, make domatic basic maintenance smooth; Comparatively level and smooth domaticly should build certain concavo-convex matsurface, increase the adhesion amount of artificial soil of sowing grass seeds by duster; Slope roof panel and domatic side arrange pumping equipment, platform water is discharged from domatic two and causes at the bottom of slope via side; For domatic remaining plant, if do not hindered construction, retained.
2, lay wire netting: the laying of wire netting will be accomplished to be close to domatic, lay downwards from top, slope, the very useful Bower Anchor firmware in slope is staggered fixing, must not beat in a row; Domatic anchoring piece is the distribution of irregular plum blossom-shaped, and anchoring piece is vertical with wire netting.
3, sow grass seeds by duster: artificial soil layer of the present invention is bottom, rich fertilizer hypothallus, separation layer, Seed Layer, water conservation layer from bottom to top
bottom: by former domatic coated, the construction forming homogeneous character more stable is domatic, is beneficial to the attachment of other layer artificial soils of sowing grass seeds by duster, simultaneously can the moisture that permeates from upper strata of self-restraint part and nutrient, the loss of minimizing moisture, nutrient and waste, increase operation rate.Material consists of: clay soil 35%-55%; Vegetable fiber 15%-30%; Clear water 38%-50%; Stir, obtained mixing mud is sowed grass seeds by duster, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 1-5cm.
rich fertilizer hypothallus: be rich in fertilizer, as base manure, plant growth the is provided necessary nutrient of institute.
Material consists of: clay soil 20%-28%; Organic 40%-55%; Fertilizer 0.23%-0.78%; Stabilizing agent 0.1%-0.7%; Granule agent 0.030%-0.091%; Clear water 32%-48%; Stir in spray seeder, obtained mud compound; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mud compound fully to mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 2-8cm simultaneously.
separation layer: avoid base manure directly to contact with seed, in order to avoid tender of fertilizer concentration too high injury plant, block soil capillarity simultaneously, reduce the evaporation of lower soil moisture.Material consists of: sand (1mm≤d≤5mm) 35%-50%; Perlite 25%-35%; Additive 4%-11%; Granule agent 0.023%-0.087%; Stabilizing agent 0.5%-1.2%; Clear water 31%-45%; Stir in spray seeder; The granule agent solution prepared in addition being injected mud compound fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, have water moisture self restraint at domatic formation one deck, stoping water and nutrient because capillarity being moved the separation layer of evaporation, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 2-4cm.
seed Layer: for seed provides a desirable sprouting environment, improve emergence rate, strengthen domatic multiple green effect.Material consists of: clay soil 23%-29%; Organic 36%-48%; Stabilizing agent 0.3%-0.9%; Granule agent 0.026%-0.085%; Seed 0.98%-4.1%; Clear water 33%-48%; Stir in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 1-3cm.
water conservation layer: reduce moisture evaporation, effectively keep the moisture in soil, make Seed Layer keep moistening, improve emergence rate.Material consists of: vegetable fiber 17%-36%; Organic 31%-45%; Stabilizing agent 0.4-1.1%; Granule agent 0.019%-0.087%; Clear water 34%-49%; Stir in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 1-3cm.
4, maintenance: after the end of job of sowing grass seeds by duster, should keep Seed Layer moistening, in order to plant emergence.Watering will on a small quantity, repeatedly, irrigates, waters foot.
The clay soil that the present invention selects, its particle diameter is greater than the coarse sand of 0.02mm and fine content is less than 50%, is mainly used to reduce organic permeability, reduces organic too high porosity, for plant growth provides support; Described vegetable fiber is flocculence lignocellulose, matrix can be connected with each other, and forms an overall structure, strengthens the water conservation of artificial soil, fertilizer-preserving ability and shock-absorbing capacity; Described sand (1mm≤d≤5mm), can effectively block soil capillarity, reduces soil moisture and loses; Described perlite, lightweight feature when having insulation, a saturated water suction, efficiently solves the Load Problems of hillside fields structure, and material of avoiding sowing grass seeds by duster is overweight and peel off, and avoids by too high or too low for temperature problems such as the injuries that root system of plant causes simultaneously; Described additive, includes but not limited to montmorillonite or bentonite, has hygroscopicity strong, and the admixture such as silt has plasticity and cohesiveness; The raw material of described organic matter includes but not limited to one or more in agricultural crop straw, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, industrial plant offcuts, by raw material through primary election, pulverizing, compost, fermentation, drying, sieve, sterilize, measurement flow obtains, fertilizer conservation and the feeder capability of artificial soil can be strengthened, improve artificial soil nutrient availability, and the formation of granular structure can be promoted, improve the water penetration of artificial soil, water-holding capacity and air capacity of soils, strengthen the resiliency of soil; Described stabilizing agent can make the granular structure of the artificial soil formed through this preparation method can stablize lastingly, artificial soil is made to have good resistance of rainwater washing against ability, the stable thin layer of one deck can be formed on artificial soil surface, suppress internal moisture evaporation, can, when excessive rainfall, rainwater be flowed away from artificial soil top layer again; Described granule agent mainly makes mud compound that pellet reaction occurs in this preparation method, makes artificial soil form excellent granular structure, has water conservation, fertilizer conservation, permeable, ventilative effect; Described fertilizer includes but not limited to fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer etc., and main supply plant growth provides the nutrient such as required N, P, K and other medium trace element; Described clear water, should use untainted, not oil-containing, containing strong acid and strong base, not saliferous and not containing the water harmless to plant growth of organic impurity; Described Seed Layer, the selection of plant seed is except will adapting to local climate condition, also to focus on selecting strong stress resistance, cold-resistant drought-enduring kind, arbor species include but not limited to locust tree, torch tree, Chinese sumac, tree-of-heaven, China tree etc., shrub species includes but not limited to shrubby flase indigo, shrub lespedeza, the twigs of the chaste tree etc., and herbaceous seeds includes but not limited to Festuca Arundinacea, perennial ryegrass etc.
Advantage of the present invention is: described artificial soil has water conservation, fertilizer conservation, permeable, ventilative, provides the performance of the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other medium trace element; Its preparation method is novel fast, low consumption can be grasped; There is extremely strong erosion resisting, stormy erosion can be resisted, prevent soil water and soil loss.Its construction method of sowing grass seeds by duster, makes the component of each layer of sowing grass seeds by duster play one's part to the full, improves availability, avoid the waste of material cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment: for water route, sky, Qingdao City rocky slope ecological management engineering.
Rocky slope is selected 500 m
2construction, gradient 1:0.6, July constructs.
Artificial soil each layer component proportioning is as follows:
bottom: clay soil 8.6m
3; Vegetable fiber 3.4m
3; Clear water 8.0m
3; Said components stirred in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 2cm.
rich fertilizer hypothallus: clay soil 5.5m
3; Organic 11.75 m
3; Fertilizer 0.075m
3; Inorganic fertilizer 0.08 m
3; Stabilizing agent 0.13 m
3; Granule agent 0.015m
3; Clear water 8.75 m
3; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 3cm.
separation layer: sand (1mm≤d≤5mm) 9.4 m
3; Perlite 5.6 m
3; Bentonite 1.8m
3; Stabilizing agent 0.19 m
3; Granule agent 0.013 m
3; Clear water 7.8 m
3; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 2cm.
seed Layer: clay soil 5.0 m
3; Organic 7.8 m
3; Stabilizing agent 0.086 m
3; Granule agent 0.0084 m
3; Seed 0.43 m
3; Clear water 7.2 m
3; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 2cm.
water conservation layer: vegetable fiber 2.3 m
3; Organic 3.7 m
3; Stabilizing agent 0.053 m
3; Granule agent 0.0043 m
3; Clear water 4.0 m
3; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mixing mud; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is about 1cm.
The proportioning of Seed Layer plant seed is as follows: locust tree, 4g/ m
2, tree-of-heaven 8 g/ m
2, torch tree 9 g/ m
2, Chinese sumac 9 g/ m
2, shrub lespedeza 6 g/ m
2, the twigs of the chaste tree 11 g/ m
2, shrubby flase indigo 9 g/ m
2, Festuca Arundinacea 0.4 g/ m
2, perennial ryegrass 0.2 g/ m
2;
Construct after 3 months, vegetation growth state is good, domatic multiple green.
Claims (3)
1. an artificial soil spraying and seeding afforesting method for preserve moisture and fertility, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1), repair domatic: clear up domatic foreign material, danger stone and all destabilizing factors, make domatic basic maintenance smooth; The concavo-convex matsurface that comparatively level and smooth domatic construction is certain; Slope roof panel and domatic side arrange pumping equipment; The domatic remaining plant of construction is not hindered to be retained;
(2), lay wire netting: wire netting is close to domatic laying, lay downwards from top, slope, the very useful Bower Anchor firmware in slope is staggered fixing, and domatic anchoring piece is the distribution of irregular plum blossom-shaped, and anchoring piece is vertical with wire netting;
(3), sow grass seeds by duster: artificial soil layer of sowing grass seeds by duster, artificial soil layer is bottom, rich fertilizer hypothallus, separation layer, Seed Layer, water conservation layer from bottom to top;
Bottom comprises the component of following volume ratio: clay soil 35%-55%, vegetable fiber 15%-30%, clear water 38%-50%; Stir, obtained mixing mud is sowed grass seeds by duster, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 1-5cm;
Rich fertilizer hypothallus comprises the component of following volume ratio: clay soil 20%-28%, organic 40%-55%, fertilizer 0.23%-0.78%, stabilizing agent 0.1%-0.7%, granule agent 0.030%-0.091%, clear water 32%-48%; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mud compound; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mud compound fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2-8cm;
Separation layer comprises the component of following volume ratio: sand 35%-50%, perlite 25%-35%, additive 4%-11%, granule agent 0.023%-0.087%, stabilizing agent 0.5%-1.2%, clear water 31%-45%, described sand, and particle diameter is 1mm≤d≤5mm; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mud compound; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mud compound fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2-4cm;
Seed Layer comprises the component of following volume ratio: clay soil 23%-29%, organic 36%-48%, stabilizing agent 0.3%-0.9%, granule agent 0.026%-0.085%, seed 0.98%-4.1%, clear water 33%-48%; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mud compound; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 1-3cm;
Water conservation layer comprises the component of following volume ratio: vegetable fiber 17%-36%, organic 31%-45%, stabilizing agent 0.4-1.1%, granule agent 0.019%-0.087%, clear water 34%-49%; Said components is stirred in spray seeder, obtained mud compound; The granule agent solution prepared in addition is injected mixing mud fully mix, make it that pellet reaction occur, sow grass seeds by duster, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 1-3cm;
(4), maintenance: after the end of job of sowing grass seeds by duster, keep Seed Layer moistening, watering will on a small quantity, repeatedly, irrigates, waters foot.
2. the artificial soil spraying and seeding afforesting method of preserve moisture and fertility according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the additive described in separation layer is bentonite, diatomite, montmorillonite or super absorbent resin.
3. the artificial soil spraying and seeding afforesting method of preserve moisture and fertility according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fertilizer described in rich fertilizer hypothallus is fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310158098.9A CN103262692B (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2013-05-02 | Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310158098.9A CN103262692B (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2013-05-02 | Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103262692A CN103262692A (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| CN103262692B true CN103262692B (en) | 2015-03-18 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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