CN101743793A - Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101743793A CN101743793A CN200910215993A CN200910215993A CN101743793A CN 101743793 A CN101743793 A CN 101743793A CN 200910215993 A CN200910215993 A CN 200910215993A CN 200910215993 A CN200910215993 A CN 200910215993A CN 101743793 A CN101743793 A CN 101743793A
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- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plant growth soil culture medium, which is composed of the following materials in percentage by weight: 30-32% of clay, 35-38% of organic matter, 19-25% of plant fiber, 3-6% of stabilizing agent, 0.035-0.085% of aggregate agent, 2% of fertilizer, 36-45% of clean water and 0.9-3.3% of seed. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the plant growth soil culture medium. The plant growth soil culture medium has the advantages of stable soil aggregate structure, water retention, fertilizer retention and good air permeability, and is suitable for plant growth. The preparation method is novel and convenient and has low consumption and operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of plant growing soil culture medium that is specifically designed to the bare rock slope vegetation restoration and preparation method thereof, and can be widely used in fields such as agricultural planting, water and soil conservation, mine are green again, territory greening, traffic engineering, urban construction.
Background technology
CN200510047466.8 discloses a kind of plant culture that is used for hill afforestating vegetation, form by bark, balloonflower root, local soil, ash, carbon dust, breaking, paper pulp, green stone, fertilizer, grass-seed, flower seed, the seeds of trees, water-loss reducer, curing agent, adhesive, dehydrating agent raw material, be mixed and made into plant culture, the plant culture of making is sowed grass seeds by duster on the massif scar, is the greening base material that a kind of vegetation seed and cultivation soil are lumped together.
CN02113264.X discloses a kind of method of utilizing plant straw to green rocky side slope, straw is pulverized or cut off, make its length≤4cm, to plant loam, chemical fertilizer and disinfectant again mixes in proportion, at last with high-pressure injection equipment with mixture be ejected into domatic on, form the bank protection cover layer, add entry in the course of injection.This " dry type " method of sowing grass seeds by duster that is a kind of.Form as can be seen from disclosed material, itself can not resist rainwash described mixture.Plant is based on draft.
CN00120508.0 discloses a kind of bed for planting vegetation on rock slope to protect it, and its component % is by weight counted by greening base material 86～93, grass seed mix 1.5～4.0, and stabilizing agent 5.0～1.0, an agent 0.4～1.0 is formed.Wherein, greening base material component is made up of plateau peat, clay, compost, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, long-acting full price slow-release fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, quicklime, water-loss reducer, raw fiber, viscose rayon, sawdust.As can be seen, the usage ratio maximum of plateau peat wherein accounts for 51～69 of bank protection planting matrix percentage by weight from its disclosed content.Plant is based on draft.
CN02115391.4 discloses a kind of mixed planting material for rocky slope and preparation thereof, construction method, described mixed planting material for rocky slope is a kind of composition, evenly is mixed with at normal temperatures by soil, organic matter, composite fertilizer, water-loss reducer, cement, PH conditioning agent, plant seed and water to form.One of its core content is that cement is used as binding agent.From its disclosed content as can be seen, the content of organic matter of its mixed planting material (percentage by weight) be 2.5～5.0.Plant is based on draft.
At present, at home and abroad be that the side slope that purpose is carried out is answered in the green work with the revegetation, the overwhelming majority all is mixed associated materials (as planting soil, fertilizer, organic matter, water-loss reducer, adhesive, plant seed etc.) to be ejected into form one deck soil moved in to improve the original layer on rock or the soil-slope, expects plant germinating growth therein then.The process of this preparation " soil moved in to improve the original layer " is mainly finished by the mode of sowing grass seeds by duster.The present mode of sowing grass seeds by duster is divided into " dry type " and " wet type " two kinds.After these two kinds of modes of sowing grass seeds by duster are constructed, all need to cover materials such as nonwoven, because during plant germination, the soil moved in to improve the original layer that forms of sowing grass seeds by duster can not tolerate rainwash.In addition, these soil soil moved in to improve the original layers that form of sowing grass seeds by duster mostly do not have stable, good granular structure, so the domestic present construction ubiquity two big shortcomings of sowing grass seeds by duster: the one, the ability of the anti-weathering of soil soil moved in to improve the original layer, when running into heavy showers, landing easily; The 2nd, can not cultivate and stablize lasting woody plant community, xylium, can only be based on draft (minority can be cultivated shrub in the good place of technical conditions), herbaceous plant is very high to the water and soil conditional request, in case condition does not possess, the bare area phenomenon can be lived again again.These shortcomings have greatly limited the technological progress and the application development of the industry.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency at the prior art existence, technical problem to be solved by this invention is, one plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof is provided, be used for the revegetation of bare rock side slope, require this soil culture medium to have the ability of outstanding opposing rain drop erosion, do not need to cover with materials such as nonwoven; Also have stable soil aggregate simultaneously, moisture capacity, nutrient preserving capability, gas permeability are all good, are fit to plant growing; Require the material of this soil culture medium to constitute simply, physical and chemical index is outstanding, excellent performance; Its preparation method needs are novel convenient, low consumption can be grasped.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is that a plant growth soil culture medium is made up of following material: clay, organic matter, vegetable fiber, stabilizing agent, an agent, fertilizer, clear water and seed; The volume ratio of its each component and medium is: clay 30%～32%; Organic 35%～38%; Vegetable fiber 19%～25%; Stabilizing agent 3%～6%; Granule agent 0.035%～0.085%; Fertilizer 2%; Clear water 36%～45%; Seed 0.9%～3.3%.
Above-mentioned plant growing soil culture medium, in its described clay particle diameter greater than the coarse sand of 0.02mm and fine content less than 50%.
Above-mentioned plant growing soil culture medium, the C/N ratio of its described organic matter is controlled at 25～30: between 1.
Above-mentioned plant growing soil culture medium, its described organic matter, its for raw material through primary election, pulverizing, compost fermentation, drying, sieve, sterilization, gauge rings control, its raw material includes but not limited to one or more in agricultural crop straw, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, the industrial plant class offcuts.
Above-mentioned plant growing soil culture medium, its described vegetable fiber is the flocculence lignocellulose.
A kind of method for preparing above-mentioned plant growing soil culture medium comprises following content:
The clay of A, the quantity of will filling a prescription, organic matter, vegetable fiber, stabilizing agent, fertilizer and seed join in the container that fills proper amount of clear water, evenly stir 6～12 minutes after, obtain the mud compound;
B, in another container, inject earlier proper amount of clear water (temperature is advisable at 15 ℃～30 ℃), add the granule agent of prescription quantity again, evenly stirred 10～15 minutes, obtain an agent solution;
C, the granule agent solution gradation that the B step is made add in the mud compound that the A step makes, fully mix, until obviously see soil and moisture from till, this course of reaction is the soil granular reaction;
The excessive moisture that occurs in the granuleization reaction of D, the C step of draining, the soil that obtains is the plant growing soil culture medium;
This plant growing soil culture medium physical and chemical index is: medium unit weight 0.6～1.2g/cm
3The effective water-holding capacity volume ratio of medium 〉=40%; Medium total porosity 〉=40%; Organic matter 〉=50g/kg; Full nitrogen 〉=1.5g/kg; Full phosphorus 〉=1.5g/kg; Full potassium 〉=10.0g/kg; PH value is 5.8～7.3; Electrical conductivity (EC) is 0.4～3.0ms/cm; Cation exchange capacity 〉=15me/100g;
Each related component with the volume ratio of the plant growing soil culture medium that makes is: clay 30%～32%; Organic 35%～38%; Vegetable fiber 19%～25%; Stabilizing agent 3%～6%; Granule agent 0.035%～0.085%; Fertilizer 2%; Clear water 36%～45%; Seed 0.9%～3.3%.
Plant growing soil culture medium of the present invention, clay wherein is one of main carrier of plant growing, plays water conservation and protect fertile in medium.Particle diameter should be less than 50% greater than the coarse sand of 0.02mm and fine content in this clay, and sterile-processed.This clay is common clayey soil.Organic matter wherein also is one of main carrier of plant growing, except playing getting fat, protect fertilizer, the water conservation, ventilative effect, can also providing control environment for the growth of microorganism in the medium.This organic C/N ratio is controlled at 25～30: between 1, it is to select for use in agricultural crop straw, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, industrial plant class offcuts such as vinasse, the dregs of a decoction, the sugarcane bagasse etc. one or more as raw material, through primary election, pulverizing, compost fermentation, drying, sieve, sterilize, measure, link preparation such as packing produces.Vegetable fiber wherein also has adsorption fertilizer and active material, makes the mud compound at initial stage mix, strengthen the effect that is connected between the soil granular of medium except playing a water conservation, function of fertilizer retention.Described vegetable fiber is the flocculence lignocellulose.Stabilizing agent wherein, its effect is that the granular structure of the soil culture medium that forms through this preparation method can be stablized lastingly, make medium have good resistance of rainwater washing against ability, can form a stable thin layer on the medium top layer simultaneously, suppress inner water evaporates, simultaneously can when excessive rainfall, can allow excessive rainfall flow away again from the medium top layer.Granule agent wherein mainly is to bring into play unique effect in this preparation method, makes the mud compound that the granuleization reaction take place, and allows medium form good granular structure; Its fertilizer can satisfy the plant growing needs of rock slope.The present invention need use clean water, and the pH value of described water is 6.5～7.5, must not use the water harmful to plant growing that dirt, oil-containing, highly basic, strong acid, saliferous are big, contain organic impurity etc.
The selection of plant seed is directly connected to the effect of revegetation, generally speaking, answers the woody seed of more options, to cultivate woody plant community, xylium, selects kind of a period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, and the ratio of grass seeds should be controlled at below 15%.
Plant growing soil culture medium of the present invention, it has good water conservation, protects fertile, permeable, permeability, has stable, good granular structure, extremely is fit to plant growing; Described medium is the faintly acid state, is suitable for perching various microorganisms, can suppress the breeding of pathogen; This plant growing soil culture medium can be sowed grass seeds by duster with spray seeder, has extremely strong erosion resisting, can resist stormy erosion, and phenomenon thoroughly prevents soil loss.
Raw material involved in the present invention except that specifying, all can be buied from market, is industry raw material commonly used.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with concrete revegetation embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Place: Jiande City, Zhejiang Province, general Effloresce Rock Slope, the gradient 1: 0.8, construction in October.
Material mixture ratio is as follows:
The clayey red soil, 0.5m3; Organic matter, 0.75m3;
Wood fibre, 0.46m
3Stabilizing agent, 0.045m
3
The granule agent, 0.0004m
3Composite fertilizer, 0.028m
3
Clear water, 1.0m
3Plant seed 0.023m
3
Wherein, the proportioning of plant seed is as follows:
Locust tree, 8g; Torch tree, 5g; Albizzia kalkora, 7g; Tree-of-heaven, 6g; Chinese sumac, 5g;
The twigs of the chaste tree, 4g; Shrubby flase indigo, 7g; The horse sour jujube, 4g; Shrub lespedeza, 5g; Perennial ryegrass, 0.2g.
Earlier an amount of clear water is injected the feed bin of spray seeder, above-mentioned cement red soil, organic matter, wood fibre, stabilizing agent, composite fertilizer and plant seed are dropped in the feed bin successively stir again, it is stand-by to stir the mud compound that obtains after 8 minutes; When above-mentioned material stirs, about 25 ℃ an amount of clear water is injected an agent agitator, drop into above-mentioned granule agent then and stir, stir and obtain an agent solution after 12 minutes; The granule agent solution is injected the feed bin of spray seeder successively, and the stirring that does not stop simultaneously makes it that granuleization reaction take place, afterreaction end in 3 minutes, then with the soil culture medium that makes by spray seeder be sprayed onto domatic on.
Construct after 1 year, domatic woody plant community, xylium forms, and vegetation is in great numbers, and the height of part arbor such as locust tree, tree-of-heaven etc. surpasses 2.5 meters, has not seen the vestige of manual reversion.Table 2 is the index of correlation of the soil culture medium of sampling detection.
Table 2: the sampling of present embodiment soil culture medium detects index
Embodiment 2
Place: Qingdao of Shandong province, the high steep rock slope of gentle breezeization, the gradient 1: 0.5, construction in May.
Material mixture ratio is as follows:
The clayey yellow soil, 1.0m
3Organic matter, 1.5m
3
Wood fibre, 0.9m
3Stabilizing agent, 0.12m
3
The granule agent, 0.0009m
3Composite fertilizer, 0.058m
3
Clear water 2.0m
3Plant seed 0.05m
3
Wherein, the proportioning of plant seed is as follows:
Locust tree, 20g; Torch tree, 10g; Albizzia kalkora, 16g; Tree-of-heaven, 14g; Chinese sumac, 10g;
Shrubby flase indigo, 14g; The horse sour jujube, 10g; Shrub lespedeza, 10g; Perennial ryegrass, 0.2g.
The sampling of table 3 present embodiment soil culture medium detects index
Earlier an amount of clear water is injected the feed bin of spray seeder, above-mentioned clayey yellow soil, organic matter, wood fibre, stabilizing agent, composite fertilizer and plant seed are dropped in the feed bin successively stir again, it is stand-by to stir the mud compound that obtains after 12 minutes; When above-mentioned material stirs, about 16 ℃ an amount of clear water is injected an agent agitator, drop into above-mentioned granule agent then and stir, stir and obtain an agent solution after 15 minutes; The granule agent solution is injected the feed bin of spray seeder successively, and the stirring that does not stop simultaneously makes it that granuleization reaction take place, afterreaction end in 5 minutes, then with the soil culture medium that makes by spray seeder be sprayed onto domatic on.
Construct after 3 months, domatic coverage rate reaches 70%, and after half a year, domatic woody plant community, xylium basically forms, and after 2 years, forms vegetation landscape in great numbers.The height of part torch and tree-of-heaven is above 4 meters.Table 3 is the index of correlation of the soil culture medium of sampling detection.
Claims (6)
1. a plant growth soil culture medium is made up of following material: clay, organic matter, vegetable fiber, stabilizing agent, an agent, fertilizer, clear water and seed; The volume ratio of its each component and medium is: clay 30%～32%; Organic 35%～38%; Vegetable fiber 19%～25%; Stabilizing agent 3%～6%; Granule agent 0.035%～0.085%; Fertilizer 2%; Clear water 36%～45%; Seed 0.9%～3.3%.
2. plant growing soil culture medium according to claim 1, in its described clay particle diameter greater than the coarse sand of 0.02mm and fine content less than 50%.
3. described plant growing soil culture medium according to claim 2, the C/N ratio of its described organic matter is controlled at 25～30: between 1.
4. plant growing soil culture medium according to claim 3, its described organic matter, its for raw material through primary election, pulverizing, compost fermentation, drying, sieve, sterilization, gauge rings control, its raw material includes but not limited to one or more in agricultural crop straw, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, the industrial plant class offcuts.
5. plant growing soil culture medium according to claim 4, its described vegetable fiber is the flocculence lignocellulose.
6. the preparation method of each described plant growing soil culture medium of claim 1 to 5 comprises following content:
The clay of A, the quantity of will filling a prescription, organic matter, vegetable fiber, stabilizing agent, fertilizer and seed join in the container that fills proper amount of clear water, evenly stir 6～12 minutes after, obtain the mud compound;
B, first implantation temperature adds the granule agent of prescription quantity again 15 ℃～30 ℃ proper amount of clear water in another container, evenly stirs 10～15 minutes, obtains an agent solution;
C, the granule agent solution gradation that the B step is made add in the mud compound that the A step makes, fully mix, until obviously see soil and moisture from till, this course of reaction is the soil granular reaction;
The excessive moisture that occurs in the granuleization reaction of D, the C step of draining, the soil that obtains is the plant growing soil culture medium;
This plant growing soil culture medium physical and chemical index is: medium unit weight 0.6～1.2g/cm
3The effective water-holding capacity volume ratio of medium 〉=40%; Medium total porosity 〉=40%; Organic matter 〉=50g/kg; Full nitrogen 〉=1.5g/kg; Full phosphorus 〉=1.5g/kg; Full potassium 〉=10.0g/kg; PH value is 5.8～7.3; Electrical conductivity is 0.4～3.0ms/cm; Cation exchange capacity 〉=15me/100g;
Each related component with the volume ratio of the plant growing soil culture medium that makes is: clay 30%～32%; Organic 35%～38%; Vegetable fiber 19%～25%; Stabilizing agent 3%～6%; Granule agent 0.035%～0.085%; Fertilizer 2%; Clear water 36%～45%; Seed 0.9%～3.3%.
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| CN102674962A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Matrix formula suitable for recovering ion type rare earth tailings vegetation |
| CN102675000A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Method for preparing soil culture medium suitable for growth of plants in industrial alkaline tailings dam |
| CN102668836A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 | Spray-sowing greening method for red mud stacking areas |
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