CN102701835A - Soil culture medium suitable for dry-land afforestation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Soil culture medium suitable for dry-land afforestation and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102701835A
CN102701835A CN2012101375231A CN201210137523A CN102701835A CN 102701835 A CN102701835 A CN 102701835A CN 2012101375231 A CN2012101375231 A CN 2012101375231A CN 201210137523 A CN201210137523 A CN 201210137523A CN 102701835 A CN102701835 A CN 102701835A
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culture medium
soil culture
water
dry
percent
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CN102701835B (en
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李春林
许剑平
孟凡彬
范小妮
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Qingdao Landgreen Eco-technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a soil culture medium suitable for dry-land afforestation and a preparation method thereof. The soil culture medium is prepared by effectively performing compound-mixing on raw materials including clays, bentonite, organic matter, plant fibers, aggregating agents, water-retaining agents, rooting powder, controlled-release compound fertilizer and clear water. According to the volume ratio of each component to the culture medium, the clays account for 25-30 percent, the bentonite accounts for 2-3 percent, the organic matter accounts for 30-35 percent, the plant fibers account for 10-15 percent, the aggregating agents account for 0.03-0.05 percent, the water-retaining agents account for 0.1-0.3 percent, the rooting powder accounts for 0.0005 percent, the controlled-release compound fertilizer accounts for 0.8-1 pecent, and the clear water accounts for 17-32 percent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the soil culture medium. The soil culture medium has a good aggregation structure and strong functions of water conservation, water retaining, fertilizer retaining and ventilation, is rich in nutrition and can be absorbed and utilized by nursery stock in a balanced and slow-released manner; the added rooting powder can promote the nursery stock to take root early; the planting of the nursery stock is not restricted by seasons; the nursery stock do not need to be watered and conserved after being planted; and the survival rate of afforestation is high. The preparation method is novel and controllable, and the consumption is low.

Description

Be suitable for dry-land afforestation with soil culture medium and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the afforestation technology field, be specifically related to arid area short of rain afforestation with soil culture medium and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's arid is vast in territory, is to receive desertification to influence one of the most serious country in the world.Afforestation, it is very urgent to improve the ecological environment.The dry has the soil property desertification mostly, nutrient is poor, rainfall is rare, the characteristics of antecedent soil moisture.Dull with soil culture medium and preparing method's method to dry-land afforestation at present, technology content is lower, and the surrival rate of afforestation is not high.
CN1305696 discloses a kind of drought-resistant water-preserving nutritive soil, and its composition by weight is: 80~90 parts of vegetable mould, the base soil of 10~20 parts of formations of vegetable garden soil adds 2~3 parts of composite fertilizers again, 1~1.5 part of water-holding agent, 0.07~0.155 part of trace element.
CN101543178 discloses a kind of environment-friendly method for drought-resistant afforestation on sandy land, and step is: the plantation hole is opened in (1) on sand ground, its density is decided according to the difference of local rainfall amount; (2) one deck degradable plastics film in lower floor shop, hole spreads one deck agricultural crop straw on the film, after the treelet of planting; (3) the degradable plastic sheeting for farm use is covered in the tree planting back on the hole, stops up sand on the film, and the while is beaten irrigation hole in lowest concave; (4) the preparation diammonium phosphate aqueous solution is loaded in the irrigation tank, through aqueduct and drip irrigation pipe water is caused irrigation hole; (5) treelet is watered when fostering, and the drip irrigation pipe outlet is inserted in the irrigation hole, opens water control valve and waters, and controls certain flow velocity.This method needs the later stage maintenance.
The defective that above prior art exists is: (1) disposable water storage is low, is difficult to keep lastingly the demand of arid region plant to moisture; (2) the soil culture medium physical structure is unreasonable, and the disposable water excess that adds can cause root system death by suffocation; (3) nutritive ingredient is unbalanced, and fertilizer efficiency is short, lacks the auxiliary agent of taking root.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of afforestation with soil culture medium and preparation method thereof, to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that prior art exists.
The technical scheme that the present invention taked is that a plant growth soil culture medium is made up of the material of following volume ratio: clay 25~30%; Wilkinite 2~3%; Organic 30~35%; Vegetable fibre 10~15%; Granule agent 0.03~0.05%; Water-holding agent 0.1~0.3%; Controlled-release compound fertilizer 0.5~0.8%; Root-inducing powder 0.0005%; Clear water 17~32%.
Described clay is one of main carrier of plant-growth, is common table soil in locality or deep layer clayey soil.
Described wilkinite is to be master's the sodium base or the moisture clay pit of calcium base type with the smectite; Smectite content is at 85-90%; Have stronger water absorbability and swelling property, adsorbable 8~15 times to the water yield of own vol, help promoting substratum to form crumb structure with granule agent effect.
Described organic matter also is one of main carrier of plant-growth, except playing getting fat, water conservation, gas-pervious effect, suitable suitable living environment can also be provided for the mikrobe in the substratum.This organic matter is that in stalk, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, industrial plant class tankage such as vinasse, the dregs of a decoction etc. of selecting farm crop for use one or more are as raw material, through link preparation productions such as primary election, pulverizing, fermentation reactor system, dry metering, packings.This organic matter C/N ratio is controlled between 20~30:1.
Described vegetable fibre is the flocculence lignocellulose.Vegetable fibre also has the adsorption fertilizer effect except playing water conservation, function of fertilizer retention.
Described agent is polyacrylic ester; Mainly be in this preparation method, to make the mud compound that the granuleization reaction takes place, let substratum form good crumb structure.
Described water-holding agent is a kind of nontoxic, harmless Powdered polymer organic polymer, does not pollute plant, soil and underground water, finally is decomposed into carbonic acid gas, water, ammonia too nitrogen and sodium or potassium ion, does not have any residual.Water-holding agent can absorb the moisture from about 400 times of weight, has quick suction, slowly discharges, and promotes the characteristics of plant absorbing, and the water-saving that therefore can preserve soil moisture effectively suppresses the effect of moisture evaporation.
Described controlled-release compound fertilizer total nutrient content (being meant the content of " nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ") is 40~45%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 1:1:1.The slow release of may command fertilizer, the validity that prolongs fertilizer satisfies the nursery stock nutrient and supplies with for a long time.
Described root-inducing powder is No. 3, ABT, and the concentration range of its aqueous solution is 10mg/kg~50mg/kg.Root-inducing powder is a kind of compound efficient, broad-spectrum plant root-inducing promoter, the vigor field planting early that helps improving root system of plant.
The clear water pH value that the present invention uses is 6.5~7.5, must not use salt and alkali component content height to the deleterious water of plant-growth.
A kind ofly prepare the above-mentioned method that is suitable for the soil culture medium that dry-land afforestation uses, comprise the following steps:
A, the clay with said ratio, wilkinite, organic matter, vegetable fibre, water-holding agent, root-inducing powder, fertilizer join and fill in the proper amount of clear water container, evenly stir 6~12 minutes, obtain the mud compound.
B, in another container, inject earlier proper amount of clear water (temperature is advisable at 15 ℃~30 ℃), the granule agent that adds formula rate was again stirred after 10~15 minutes, obtained an agent solution.Put into the clear water total amount in this A, the B step for twice and should meet the requirement of described " clear water 17~32% " (accounting for the volume ratio of prescription total amount).
C, the granule solution gradation that the B step is made add in the mud compound of A step, fully mix, and till obviously seeing soil and water sepn, this reaction process is the soil granular reaction;
The excessive moisture that occurs in the granuleization reaction of D, the C step of draining, the soil that obtains are and are suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium.
Described soil culture medium physical and chemical index is: substratum unit weight 0.6~1.2/cm 3The effective water holding capacity volume ratio of substratum>=50%; Porosity: 55~65%; Organic matter>=40g/kg; Full nitrogen>=1.3g/kg; Full phosphorus>=1.3g/kg; Full potassium>=8g/kg; PH value is 6.0~7.5; Specific conductivity (EC) is 1.5~3.0ms/cm; Cation exchange capacity>=18me/100g.
Each related component uses the volume ratio of soil culture medium to be with the dry-land afforestation that is suitable for that makes: clay 25~30%; Wilkinite 2~3%; Organic 30~35%; Vegetable fibre 10~15%; Granule agent 0.03~0.05%; Water-holding agent 0.1~0.3%; Controlled-release compound fertilizer 0.5~0.8%; Root-inducing powder 0.0005%; Clear water 17~32%.
The present invention is fit to the soil culture medium of dry-land afforestation, and it has the nutrient abundance, good water conservation, fertile, the permeability of guarantor; Has good crumb structure; Contain the auxiliary agent of taking root, can promote the new root of nursery stock and premature eruption; Used fertilizer is the slowly-releasing state, and the nursery stock nutrient can be provided lastingly.Be fit to very much dry-land afforestation and use culture substrate.This soil culture medium can be used general spray seeder preparation, afforests with culturing pot (grant number is ZL 200910017663.3) in conjunction with a kind of afforestation that our company announces, more helps improving the working efficiency of dry-land afforestation and the surviving rate of nursery stock.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete afforestation embodiment to the detailed description of the invention.
The place: Chifeng City, the Inner Mongol, the Wengniute Banner county, 200 millimeters of annual rainfalls, the soil texture is sandy soil, the construction in May.
The material mixture ratio of soil culture medium is following:
Native clay: 0.6m 3Organic 0.8 m 3Wilkinite: 0.05 m 3Vegetable fibre: 0.25 m 3Granule agent: 0.0004 m 3Water-holding agent: 0.003 m 3Composite fertilizer: 0.05 m 3No. 3 ABT root-inducing powders: 0.00001 m 3Clear water: 1.5 m 3
The amount of above material mixture ratio can be planted about seedling 500 strains such as annual sea-buckthorn, hedysarum scoparium, caragana microphylla or poplar bavin; Can plant about seedlings 200 strains such as 2 growing poplars, elm.
Concrete preparation method is: the feed bin that earlier an amount of clear water is injected spray seeder; Again above-mentioned clay, wilkinite, organic matter, wood fibre, slow-release compound fertilizer, water-holding agent, No. 3 ABT root-inducing powders are dropped in the feed bin successively and stir, it is for use to stir the mud compound that obtains after 8 minutes; When above-mentioned materials stirs, about 25 ℃ an amount of clear water is injected an agent whisking appliance, drop into above-mentioned granule agent then and stir, stir and obtain an agent solution after 12 minutes; The granule agent solution is injected the feed bin of spray seeder successively, and the stirring that does not stop simultaneously makes it that reaction take place, and afterreaction finished in 3 minutes, then the soil culture medium that makes is packed in the previously prepd pot for growing seedlings through the spray seeder spray gun.
[0034] transplanted seedling tree method: with spray gun in the pot for growing seedlings during filler; When soil culture medium is loaded into pot for growing seedlings volumetrical 2/3; The nursery stock of planting needs again is placed on the central authorities of pot for growing seedlings, and full container remaining space is added in manual work subsequently, sets upright nursery stock; Imbed the pot for growing seedlings of planting in the kind plant hole that digs in advance at last, the upper edge that requires alms bowl is far from about the 10cm of the face of land.
Seedling growth investigation such as table 1 after 1 year.
The transplanted seedling tree time is May, and stop growing mid-September.According to observation, effective rainfall quantity not sufficient 80mm in three months.All reach good criteria through investigation nursery stock each item index.
Table 1, seedling growth condition survey table
Figure 700161DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The nursery stock of planting is a caragana microphylla, quantity 1500 strains, and surviving rate is 98% then.
Raw material involved in the present invention except that specifying, all can be buied from market, is the conventional raw material of the industry.Granule agent, water-holding agent are materials common in the industry.

Claims (8)

1. one kind is suitable for dry-land afforestation and uses soil culture medium, it is characterized in that, is made up of the material of following volume ratio: clay 25~30%; Wilkinite 2~3%; Organic 30~35%; Vegetable fibre 10~15%; Granule agent 0.03~0.05%; Water-holding agent 0.1~0.3%; Controlled-release compound fertilizer 0.5~0.8%; Root-inducing powder 0.0005%; Clear water 17~32%.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly be suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium, it is characterized in that the raw material of described organic matter comprises one or more in agricultural crop straw, trees brush wood, rice husk, saw powder, the industrial plant class tankage; The preparation method is: the step of this raw material through primary election, pulverizing, fermentation reactor system, drying, metering made.
3. as claimed in claim 1ly be suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium, it is characterized in that described vegetable fibre is the flocculence lignocellulose.
4. as claimed in claim 1ly be suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium, it is characterized in that, described wilkinite is to be the moisture clay pit of two types in main sodium base or calcium base with the smectite.
5. as claimed in claim 1ly be suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium, it is characterized in that described root-inducing powder is ABT3 number, its concentration range is 10mg/kg~50mg/kg.
6. as claimed in claim 1ly be suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium, it is characterized in that described controlled-release compound fertilizer total nutrient content is: 40~45%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 1:1:1.
7. a method for preparing any one said soil culture medium of claim 1~6 comprises the following steps:
A, the clay with aforementioned proportion, wilkinite, organic matter, vegetable fibre, water-holding agent, root-inducing powder, fertilizer join in the container that fills proper amount of clear water, evenly stir 6~12 minutes, obtain the mud compound;
B, in another container, inject earlier proper amount of clear water, the clear water temperature is at 15 ℃~30 ℃, and the granule agent that adds formula rate was again stirred after 10~15 minutes, obtained an agent solution;
C, the granule solution gradation that the B step is made add in the mud compound of A step, fully mix, and till obviously seeing soil and water sepn, this reaction process is the soil granular reaction;
The excessive moisture that occurs in the granuleization reaction of D, the C step of draining, the soil that obtains are and are suitable for dry-land afforestation and use soil culture medium.
8. the method for preparing soil culture medium as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the physical and chemical index of described soil culture medium is: substratum unit weight 0.6~1.2/cm 3The effective water holding capacity volume ratio of substratum>=50%; Porosity: 55~65%; Organic matter>=40g/kg; Full nitrogen>=1.3g/kg; Full phosphorus>=1.3g/kg; Full potassium>=8g/kg; PH value is 6.0~7.5; Specific conductivity is 1.5~3.0ms/cm; Cation exchange capacity>=18me/100g.
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103012011A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Plant growing matrix prepared by construction wastes
CN103265373A (en) * 2013-05-31 2013-08-28 丹阳市茂园果业专业合作社 Water retaining type nutrient transplanting soil for nursery stock
CN103265356A (en) * 2013-05-02 2013-08-28 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Artificial soil and fertilizer capable of promoting nodulation of plant rhizobia
CN103262692A (en) * 2013-05-02 2013-08-28 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method
CN103265361A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-08-28 潘志刚 Macromolecular aggregate plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof
CN103772032A (en) * 2014-01-11 2014-05-07 魏坤峰 Tree rooting fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109463252A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-15 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Soil matrix and its preparation, application method are transplanted suitable for sand ground black pine
CN110558137A (en) * 2019-10-10 2019-12-13 龙川县林业科学研究所 method for afforestation of abandoned mine field

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CN1415187A (en) * 2002-10-17 2003-05-07 胡美蓉 Soil for seedling wood to live and grow
CN1699305A (en) * 2005-05-19 2005-11-23 蒋文兰 Water-preserving nutrient soil for indoor flowers
CN101036442A (en) * 2007-03-23 2007-09-19 方立成 Compressed type plant culture stroma
CN101743793A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-06-23 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1415187A (en) * 2002-10-17 2003-05-07 胡美蓉 Soil for seedling wood to live and grow
CN1699305A (en) * 2005-05-19 2005-11-23 蒋文兰 Water-preserving nutrient soil for indoor flowers
CN101036442A (en) * 2007-03-23 2007-09-19 方立成 Compressed type plant culture stroma
CN101743793A (en) * 2009-12-31 2010-06-23 青岛高次团粒生态技术有限公司 Plant growth soil culture medium and preparation method thereof

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103012011A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Plant growing matrix prepared by construction wastes
CN103265356A (en) * 2013-05-02 2013-08-28 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Artificial soil and fertilizer capable of promoting nodulation of plant rhizobia
CN103262692A (en) * 2013-05-02 2013-08-28 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method
CN103262692B (en) * 2013-05-02 2015-03-18 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Water retention and fertilizer retention artificial soil spray seeding greening method
CN103265361A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-08-28 潘志刚 Macromolecular aggregate plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof
CN103265373A (en) * 2013-05-31 2013-08-28 丹阳市茂园果业专业合作社 Water retaining type nutrient transplanting soil for nursery stock
CN103265373B (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-10-29 丹阳市茂园果业专业合作社 Water retaining type nutrient transplanting soil for nursery stock
CN103772032A (en) * 2014-01-11 2014-05-07 魏坤峰 Tree rooting fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103772032B (en) * 2014-01-11 2016-01-13 魏坤峰 One is large sets fertilizer and preparation method thereof of taking root
CN109463252A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-15 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 Soil matrix and its preparation, application method are transplanted suitable for sand ground black pine
CN110558137A (en) * 2019-10-10 2019-12-13 龙川县林业科学研究所 method for afforestation of abandoned mine field

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