CN106010551B - A kind of preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based Download PDFInfo
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- CN106010551B CN106010551B CN201610358361.2A CN201610358361A CN106010551B CN 106010551 B CN106010551 B CN 106010551B CN 201610358361 A CN201610358361 A CN 201610358361A CN 106010551 B CN106010551 B CN 106010551B
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation materials of clay-based, belong to preventing and fixing sand technical field.This method is that biomass castoff is first ground into disintegrating slag；Again by the degradable raw material of biomass and biomass castoff disintegrating slag mixed at high speed according to a certain percentage, then vacuum impregnation is handled, and obtains hot phase-change accumulation energy additive；According to a certain percentage after mixing by hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay finally, spreading is in Drift On Active Dune Surface, and spray water on it, and water is made to penetrate into surface and skinning.The present invention is on the basis of clay-based sand fixation material, by the theory that chemical sand-fixing is added, introduce relatively inexpensive hot energy storage phase change material and water-keeping material, the multi-functional clay-based sand fixation material of the hot phase transformation of the energy storage of preparation takes into account physics and fixes the sand, the advantages of chemical sand-fixing and vegetative sand control, sand-fixing effect is good, at low cost；Overcome simultaneously simple physics fix the sand, chemical sand-fixing there are the problem of, also solve the difficult point of vegetative sand control, so that fix the sand being capable of more comprehensive promotion and application for clay.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of clay-based sand fixation material more particularly to a kind of hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation materials of clay-based
Preparation, belongs to preventing and fixing sand technical field.
Background technique
In recent years, the extreme weather of western China occurs more frequent, and wherein sandstorm weather is in the majority.The sand of flowing
Mound easily causes hazards of sand storms.Dust storm can bury crops, washed off soil, reduction soil fertility etc..Crop is husky to the wind for a long time, meeting
Make the exposure of its root system, influences crop growth.Dust storm can also be such that Crop development postpones.Such as dust storm makes Winter wheat ear
Delay 3~7 days makes soybean flowering stage postpone 7~14 days.7~14 days (autumn) by hazards of sand storms, can be reduced after winter wheat emergence
The dry weight of second year cutting, 7 days wheat seeding spikelet numbers by sandstorm are minimum after emergence and weight is most light.Spring early stage by
Hazards of sand storms also can be such that small ear quantity greatly reduces.
Furthermore importantly, the loss of the life of people.Such as dead 85 people altogether on May 5th, 1993 reshahar, wound 264
People, be missing 31 people.In addition, dead and loss draught animal 120,000, disaster-stricken 5,600,000 mu of crops, sand buries the life of arid area
More than 2000 kilometers of line water channel overall length, the Lan-xing Railway are stopped transport 31 hours.Total economic loss is more than 5.4 hundred million yuan.
2016, the super large dusty wind weather in Dunhuang caused extensive international concern, and the Chinese Central Television (CCTV) is also reported
Road.It is suchlike to endanger the ecology for seriously threatening western China and people's life safety.
In recent years, the various measures checked winds and fixed drifting sand emerge one after another, engineering of also referred to as checking winds and fixing drifting sand.Specifically have: 1, physics
Engineering: utilizing physical principle, and construction project promotes the grains of sand to deposit to increase the resistance of motion of stream.It is high to common are setting
Vertical sand barrier, fence, sand stop wall etc..2, chemical engineering: utilizing chemical material and technique, to the sand dune that is also easy to produce sand damage or sandy
Earth's surface build one layer can prevent wind-force blow raise again have keep moisture and improve sand ground property bonding course, with reach control with
Improve sand damage environment.It common are the various chemical consolidation agent of sprinkling, as the former Soviet Union develops the bitumen compound used.3, plant work
Journey: by sowing some drought-resistant psammophytes, improve desertification land, control and tackling quicksand.Why it is capable of fixing
Drift sand, is that can consolidate the grains of sand because psammophytes has flourishing root system, and the rear Accumulation of Organic Matter in addition dry branches and fallen leaves rots promotes
Husky pedogenesis changes sand ground property, so that drift sand tends to fix.Specific method establishes shelter belt, envelope sand-base cultivation grass
Etc..
But any of which sand-fixation method all cannot individual, effective solution hazards of sand storms problem.Such as straw checkerboard barrier
Fix the sand, nylon wire fixes the sand, and waste plastic bottle fixes the sand and other straws fix the sand, these are only that physics fixes the sand, do not have from
The effect that solves the problems, such as at all, and as nylon wire fixes the sand, the secondary pollution of environment is easily caused after 2 ~ 3 years；Chinese science
There is the side effect for destroying psammophytes growth, can not comprehensively promote in the chemical sand-fixing that institute proposes；Vegetative sand control is most can
The measure of root cause problems is solved, its main advantage has: plant can not only be protected with the dry branches and fallen leaves of its dense branches and leaves and accumulation
The earth's surface grains of sand avoid the direct effect of wind, while plant makes ground as the barrier with plasticity structure a kind of on sand ground
Roughness increases, and greatly reduces near surface wind speed.Vegetation coverage is bigger, reduces wind speed effect and is more obvious, according to surveying and determination, works as plant
When being greater than 30% by cover degree, 40% or more wind speed can be reduced；Vegetation has some improvement to miniclimate tool in region；Improve
The mechanical composition and ratio of soil, enhance the structural behaviour of soil.But there is survival rate early period in vegetative sand control, mainly
Because of water shortage, day and night temperature is big and drift sand corrodes its root etc..In order to solve the problems, such as vegetative sand control, numerous scientific research personnel are visited
A large amount of measure is begged for, wherein the clay-based sand fixation material (201110122445.3) of Northwest Normal University's invention, it can be from root
It solves the problems, such as that drift sand is mobile on source, certain nutrition can be also provided for the survival of plant, but the regulation to surface temperature,
The regulation of moisture is still insufficient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Gu physics to fix the sand, the more function of the hot phase transformation of the clay-based of chemical sand-fixing, vegetative sand control
Energy sand fixation material and preparation method thereof.
One, the preparation of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
The preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based of the present invention, comprises the following steps that:
(1) biomass castoff is ground into 0.5 ~ 1cm disintegrating slag.Wherein biomass castoff be various agricultural crop straws,
Leaf, bark, potato starch waste residue, acid-sludge, schlempe, animal wastes.
(2) by the degradable raw material of biomass and biomass castoff disintegrating slag by the quality of 1:5 ~ 1:50 than mixed at high speed, very
Empty impregnation 1 ~ 3 hour obtains hot phase-change accumulation energy additive.
Wherein, the degradable raw material of biomass is the mixture of polycaprolactone, poly- hexylene glycol and polyacrylamide.Mixture
In, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone and poly- hexylene glycol is 1:1 ~ 1:5, and the mass ratio of polycaprolactone and polyacrylamide is 1:1 ~ 4:1.
Vacuum impregnation is that in a high pressure reaction kettle, in 60 ~ 90 DEG C, vacuum degree is in -0.1MPa hereinafter, mixing speed is 800 ~ 1500r/
It is carried out under min.
(3) by above-mentioned hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay by 1:10 ~ 1:50 mass ratio after mixing, spreading is flowing
Dynamic sand dune surface (with a thickness of 2 ~ 5cm), and spray water on it make water penetrate into surface and form clay skinning.
Two, the structure and performance of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
1. dsc analysis
Dsc analysis is carried out to the mixture of hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay, with the difference of adding proportion, phase transformation
For temperature between 30 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C, enthalpy of phase change belongs to solid-solid phase transition material in 69.4J/g ~ 102J/g.
2. water-retaining property is analyzed
Experimenter has found the monitoring of root zone moisture content: relatively direct using pure clay sand fixation material
Region effectively can prevent moisture from evaporating using this material, and after same watering 30 days, relative comparison test uses this material
Plant root water content be higher by 90%.
3. heat insulating ability is analyzed
Temperature change of the experimenter to root zone from 5 ~ 20 position ㎝ of earth's surface monitors discovery: relatively direct use
The region of pure clay sand fixation material, uses this material: when summer desert surface temperature reaches 60 DEG C, the temperature ratio of 5 ~ 20 positions ㎝
It is directly 10 ~ 25 DEG C low using the region of pure clay sand fixation material.
4. sand-fixing effect introduction
This product in Minqin County of Gansu, Dunhuang experiments have shown that, which fullys meet expected design object, Neng Gouyou
Effect ground adjusts the temperature of plant root, reduces the injury that huge day and night temperature is brought to plant growth；Water can preferably be prevented
The evaporation divided；There is the good ability of fixing the sand, in the region that no external force is destroyed, does not find the exposed existing of layer of sand surface large area
As；After using the material, find that the survival rate of psammophytes improves 20% or more with the pure clay check experiment in same region.
In conclusion the present invention on the basis of clay-based sand fixation material, by the way that the theory of chemical sand-fixing is added, introduces phase
To cheap hot energy storage phase change material and water-keeping material, the multi-functional clay-based sand fixation material of the hot phase transformation of the energy storage of preparation takes into account physics
It fixes the sand and (is acted on using the surface covering of clay, prevent drift sand mobile), chemical sand-fixing (introduces hot phase-changing energy storage material and water conservation material
Material solves influence of the day and night temperature greatly to plant survival, and slows down the evaporation of moisture by water-keeping material) and vegetative sand control
(clay secures the movement of drift sand, it is therefore prevented that erosion of the drift sand to plant root, clay can provide nutrition also for plant, improve
Survival rate) the advantages of, sand-fixing effect is good, at low cost；Simultaneously overcome simple physics fix the sand, chemical sand-fixing there are the problem of,
So that clay, which fixes the sand, more comprehensively to be promoted.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment to the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based of the present invention prepare and its effect make into
The explanation of one step.
Embodiment one
1, the preparation of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) that biomass castoff (corn stover) is ground into 0.5 ~ 1cm is brokenSlag；
(2) 1 part of the degradable raw material polycaprolactone of biomass, 1 part of poly- hexylene glycol, 0.1 part of polyacrylamide, straw are taken
Disintegrating slag press 10.5 parts, after mixing in autoclave carry out vacuum impregnation processing: 60 DEG C of heating temperature, vacuum degree-
0.1MPa is hereinafter, mixing speed is 1000r/min, the processing time 3 hours；Obtain hot phase-change accumulation energy additive；
(3) by hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay by 1:10 mass ratio after mixing, spreading is in moving dunes table
Face (with a thickness of 2 ~ 5cm), and spray water (water consumption is advisable with penetrating into surface 1cm or so) on it make water penetrate into surface and shape
At clay skinning.
2, the performance of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) phase transition temperature and enthalpy of phase change: phase transition temperature belongs to solid-solid phase-change material in 31 DEG C or so, 74.5 J/g of enthalpy of phase change
Material.
(2) water-retaining property: the relatively direct region using pure clay sand fixation material can effectively prevent moisture using this material
Evaporation, after same watering 30 days, relative comparison test is higher by 90% using the plant root water content of this material.
(3) heat insulating ability: when summer desert surface temperature reaches 60 DEG C, to root zone from the position 5 ~ 20cm of earth's surface
Temperature uses the region of pure clay sand fixation material 10 DEG C low than directly.
(4) sand-fixing effect: this product in Minqin County of Gansu, Dunhuang experiments have shown that, the product and the pure clay pair with region
It is found according to test, the survival rate of psammophytes improves 25%.
Embodiment two
1, the preparation of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) that biomass castoff (potato starch waste residue) is ground into 0.5 ~ 1cm is brokenSlag；
(2) 1 part of the degradable raw material polycaprolactone of biomass, 5 parts of poly- hexylene glycol, 0.25 part of polyacrylamide, plant straw are taken
Stalk disintegrating slag press 312.5 parts, after mixing in autoclave carry out vacuum impregnation processing: 90 DEG C of heating temperature, vacuum degree-
0.1MPa is hereinafter, mixing speed is 1000r/min, the processing time 1 hour；Obtain hot phase-change accumulation energy additive；
(3) by hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay by 1:50 mass ratio after mixing, spreading is in moving dunes table
Face (with a thickness of 2 ~ 5cm), and spray water (water consumption is advisable with penetrating into surface 1cm or so) on it make water penetrate into surface and shape
At clay skinning.
2, the performance of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) phase transition temperature and enthalpy of phase change: phase transition temperature belongs to solid-solid phase-change material in 55 DEG C or so, 102 J/g of enthalpy of phase change
Material.
(2) water-retaining property: the relatively direct region using pure clay sand fixation material can effectively prevent moisture using this material
Evaporation, after same watering 30 days, relative comparison test is higher by 90% using the plant root water content of this material.
(3) heat insulating ability: when summer desert surface temperature reaches 60 DEG C, to root zone from the position 5 ~ 20cm of earth's surface
Temperature uses the region of pure clay sand fixation material 25 DEG C low than directly.
(4) sand-fixing effect: this product in Minqin County of Gansu, Dunhuang experiments have shown that, the product and the pure clay pair with region
It is found according to test, the survival rate of psammophytes improves 30%.
Embodiment three
1, the preparation of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) that biomass castoff (sheep dung) is ground into 0.5 ~ 1cm is brokenSlag；
(2) 1 part of the degradable raw material polycaprolactone of biomass, 3 parts of poly- hexylene glycol, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide, straw are taken
180 parts of disintegrating slag, carry out vacuum impregnation processing after mixing in autoclave: 60 DEG C of heating temperature, vacuum degree is in -0.1MPa
Hereinafter, mixing speed is 1000r/min, time 2 h is handled；Obtain hot phase-change accumulation energy additive；
(3) by hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay by 1:40 mass ratio after mixing, spreading is in moving dunes table
Face (with a thickness of 2 ~ 5cm), and spray water (water consumption is advisable with penetrating into surface 1cm or so) on it make water penetrate into surface and shape
At clay skinning.
2, the performance of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based
(1) phase transition temperature and enthalpy of phase change: phase transition temperature belongs to solid-solid phase transition material in 45 DEG C or so, enthalpy of phase change 80J/g.
(2) water-retaining property: the relatively direct region using pure clay sand fixation material can effectively prevent moisture using this material
Evaporation, after same watering 30 days, relative comparison test is higher by 90% using the plant root water content of this material.
(3) heat insulating ability: when summer desert surface temperature reaches 60 DEG C, to root zone from the position 5 ~ 20cm of earth's surface
Temperature uses the region of pure clay sand fixation material 15 DEG C low than directly.
(4) sand-fixing effect: this product in Minqin County of Gansu, Dunhuang experiments have shown that, the product and the pure clay pair with region
It is found according to test, the survival rate of psammophytes improves 24%.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based, comprises the following steps that:
(1) biomass castoff is ground into 0.5 ~ 1cm disintegrating slag；
(2) the degradable raw material of biomass and biomass castoff disintegrating slag are pressed into the quality of 1:5 ~ 1:50 than mixed at high speed, Vaccum Permeating
Stain is handled 1 ~ 3 hour, obtains hot phase-change accumulation energy additive；The degradable raw material of biomass be polycaprolactone, poly- hexylene glycol and
The mass ratio of the mixture of polyacrylamide, and in mixture, polycaprolactone and poly- hexylene glycol is 1:1 ~ 1:5, polycaprolactone with
The mass ratio of polyacrylamide is 1:1 ~ 4:1；The vacuum impregnation be in a high pressure reaction kettle, in 60 ~ 90 DEG C, vacuum degree-
0.1MPa is hereinafter, mixing speed is to carry out under 800 ~ 1500r/min；
(3) by above-mentioned hot phase-change accumulation energy additive and clay by 1:10 ~ 1:50 mass ratio after mixing, spreading is husky in flowing
Mound surface, and spray water on it make water penetrate into surface and form clay skinning.
2. the preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the biology
Matter waste is various agricultural crop straws, leaf, bark, potato starch waste residue, acid-sludge, schlempe, animal wastes.
3. the preparation method of the hot phase transformation multifunctional sand-fixation material of clay-based as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: hot phase transformation storage
Can additive and clay after mixing spreading in Drift On Active Dune Surface with a thickness of 2 ~ 5cm.
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| CN109328978A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | One type loam matrix plant pad and its application in control of desert |
| CN111682227B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2022-04-12 | 山东交通学院 | Preparation method of diffusion layer for fuel cell |
| CN112646381A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-04-13 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation and application of high-molecular evaporation-preventing temperature-control material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1466869A (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-14 | 窦永位 | Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite |
| CN1854247A (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Dune-fixing vegetative cover restoring material and its production |
| CN104863112A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-26 | 西北师范大学 | Clay-based sand barrier grid manufacturing method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1466869A (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-14 | 窦永位 | Gunite and method for fixing sand through forming covering by gunite |
| CN1854247A (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Dune-fixing vegetative cover restoring material and its production |
| CN104863112A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-08-26 | 西北师范大学 | Clay-based sand barrier grid manufacturing method |
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