CN203716135U - Ecological restoration layer for sintering process red mud storage yard slope - Google Patents
Ecological restoration layer for sintering process red mud storage yard slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN203716135U CN203716135U CN201420063464.2U CN201420063464U CN203716135U CN 203716135 U CN203716135 U CN 203716135U CN 201420063464 U CN201420063464 U CN 201420063464U CN 203716135 U CN203716135 U CN 203716135U
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an ecological restoration layer for a sintering red mud yard slope, which takes the slope as the bottom layer and comprises a soil improvement layer, a sodium bentonite waterproof blanket, a base material layer, a seed layer and a protective layer from bottom to top in sequence; and the soil improvement layer and the sodium bentonite waterproof blanket are fixed on the side slope through anchor rods. An ecological restoration system is constructed through interaction among layers, the soil ecological environment of the sintering process red mud yard slope is effectively restored, and a favorable growth environment is provided for rhizome propagation of plants, so that greening of the red mud yard is realized, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the red mud yard is reduced, and a good ecological environment is created.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of restoration of the ecosystem layer for red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, belongs to Abandoned Land of Mine ecological reestablishment field.
Background technology
Red mud is the abandoned mine slag that in aluminum oxide production process, bauxite produces after highly basic dipping, belong to strong basicity noxious residue, naturally storing up of red mud not only takies a large amount of soils, and the red mud discarded object of strong basicity, high salinity stores up for a long time, seepage infiltration, causes soil seriously to alkalize, polluted surface, underground water source, in addition, the chilled red mud airborne dust of red mud dump causes airborne suspended particle to pollute, directly influence area ambient air quality.
At industrial alumina, mainly adopt alkaline process to produce at present, alkaline process is produced and is divided into again two kinds of Bayer process and sintering process.These two kinds of distinct methods are owing to being adapted to the bauxite of different tastes, and the red mud of therefore producing forms with character different.Red mud from sintering process is except containing the essential elements such as silicon, iron, the content of calcium oxide is higher, the effective mineralogical composition that comprises the cement such as dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, energy condensation cure in water, there is so-called " hydraulicity ", have the title of " cement ".At red mud pilling, after 1～3 year, be cemented to hard plastic or hard integral body, any plant cannot grow on domatic under this hardness; Simultaneously, top layer, red mud from sintering process stockyard pH value is between 10～12, and the pH value of general suitable for plant growth is between 5.5～6.5, most plants is all difficult to growth in pH>9.0 situation, in sum, the restoration of the ecosystem of red mud from sintering process stockyard becomes worldwide the difficult problem of environmental protection together.Therefore, the edaphic condition of construction plant growth is the critical problem of vegetation recovery.
Utility model content
In order to address the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of restoration of the ecosystem layer of red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, it can effectively improve the domatic severe land occupation condition of red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, for plant growth provides advantage, red mud from sintering process storage yard slope is carried out to ecological protection effectively.
To achieve these goals, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
For a restoration of the ecosystem layer for red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, take side slope as the bottom, be followed successively by reclamation layer, sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet, substrate layer, Seed Layer, topping from bottom to top; And reclamation layer and sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet are fixed in side slope by anchor pole.
In restoration of the ecosystem layer described in the utility model, described reclamation layer is mixed by furfural dregs, loam and adhesive, and its concrete preparation method is: loam is mixed with furfural dregs, and by covering side slope unit area, add adhesive 10-15g.Wherein, described loam is that 3-5:5-7 mixes with alditol slag volume ratio, preferably 3:7 or 5:5.The thickness of described reclamation layer is 2-3cm.
Wherein, the described furfural dregs material type material of making a living, as the living beings class discarded object that furfural (furtural) produces is produced in the poly-pentose composition hydrolysis in corncob, cornstalk, rice husk, cotton seed hulls and agricultural byproducts processing leftover bits and pieces.
In the present invention, described loam refers to that soil particle sticks grain, powder, the moderate soil of sand grain content in forming.Quality, between clay and sand, has the advantage of clay and sand concurrently, and venting and water permeable, water conservation heat-insulating property are all better, are comparatively ideal planting soils.The loam of universal significance can adopt.
Described adhesive is a kind of water-soluble organic soil conditioner being polymerized by high polymer polyacrylamide (PAM), belongs to artificial synthetic macromolecule long-chain polymer, and preferably model is that gloomy A30 likes in France.
Described sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet is commercially available prod, and the specification that preferably Dezhou east earth working material limited company produces is 4500g/m
2waterproof blanket, by laying sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet, effectively stop not cause soil capillarity to cause accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon by moving to table soil on bottom NaOH.
Described substrate layer is comprised of ecological rod, direction earthwork grille and base material; Wherein, described ecological rod and direction earthwork grille are all fixed in side slope by anchor pole, and fill base material in the space of both frameworks, thereby form substrate layer; Described substrate layer thickness is 8-10cm.
Described ecological rod is made by macromolecule polypropylene material, and is layed in sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet surface with longitudinal pitch 1.5-2.0m; In the present invention, the diameter 15cm that preferably Jiangsu Lvzhiyuan Ecological Construction Co., Ltd. produces, the ecology rod of long 4.0m.
Described direction earthwork grille is made by non-degradable plastic material, as PP type fiber, polyamide or polyamide fibre etc., is preferably SS20 type direction earthwork grille; Described direction earthwork grille is layed in sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet top, and apart from sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet surface 8-10cm; The mesh size of described direction earthwork grille is 3-5cm * 3-5cm, preferably 4cm * 4cm; In substrate layer, adopt direction earthwork grille, play reinforced action, can guarantee that substrate layer adheres in domatic long-term stability;
In above-mentioned substrate layer, described base material is made by following composition: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer and adhesive, and afforesting matrix is (2-3) with loam according to volume ratio: (7-8) mix, other components are all determined consumption with unit area, are specially adhesive 10-15g/m
2, water-loss reducer 15-20g/m
2.
Described Seed Layer is layed in substrate layer surface, and thickness is 3-4cm.Described Seed Layer is made by following composition: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer, adhesive and vegetable seeds.Wherein afforesting matrix and loam are (3-4) according to volume ratio: (6-7), other components are all determined consumption with unit area, are specially adhesive 8-12g/m
2, water-loss reducer 13-18g/m
2, vegetable seeds 15-20g/m
2.Described afforesting matrix is that one or more fermentations in cow dung, fermented bacterium agent and crop material form, and wherein fermented bacterium agent is purchased from China Agricultural University.It is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that vegetable seeds adopts the suitable raw shrub in native soil.
In the present invention, described water-loss reducer is a kind of artificial synthetic high molecular polymer with super-strong moisture absorbing water conservation and releasability, claims SAP, and main component is polyacrylate and polyacrylamide EVA, and model is that gloomy MP3500KM likes in France.It has the high-hydroscopicity organic molecule of ionization property group carboxyl structure, and water is had to strong association; Can make soil form a loose structure, soft ventilative, both guarantee plant demand, can increase again the retention ability of permeability and the sandy soil of clay simultaneously.Other water-loss reducer of soil with above-mentioned functions also can adopt, effect take that the application adopts as excellent.
Described topping is layed in Seed Layer surface, and thickness is 0.5-1.5cm.Described topping is mainly made by rice straw, covers on Seed Layer, plays water conservation, soil moisture conservation, is incubated, prevents the effects such as Rainfall simulator erosion, for plant germination is created good environment.Other cladding materials with above-mentioned functions also can adopt, effect take that the application adopts as excellent.Described topping is the straw screen or mat that raw material forms through easy straw curtain machine braiding by rice straw,
The restoration of the ecosystem layer for red mud from sintering process storage yard slope that the utility model provides, by each Interaction between layers, build an Ecosystem restoration system, the ecological environment of soil that has efficient recovery red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, for plant roots and stems procreation provides favourable growing environment, thereby realize red mud dump greening, reduce the problem of environmental pollution that red mud dump causes, build good ecological environment.This novel described ecological maintenance layer construction technology is simple, effective, is applicable to large-area application, has positive effect and the far-reaching significance of optimization of ecological environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of the restoration of the ecosystem layer of red mud from sintering process storage yard slope.
Wherein: 1-side slope; 2-direction earthwork grille; 3-reclamation layer; 4-sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet; 5-anchor pole; The ecological rod of 6-; 7-substrate layer; 8-Seed Layer; 9-topping.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
The structure of embodiment 1 restoration of the ecosystem layer
Zibo City, Shandong Province, the 1# of Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp red mud dump A trial zone, the stockyard gradient: 65～75 °, pH value: 12.0.Carry out successively following steps (in conjunction with the restoration of the ecosystem layer schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1):
1, preparation:
1) prepare reclamation layer material: loam, furfural dregs and adhesive are evenly mixed, and wherein, loam mixes with the ratio that furfural dregs is 3:7 according to volume ratio, adhesive calculates with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 10g/m
2.
2) prepare base material: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer and adhesive are evenly mixed, wherein, afforesting matrix mixes with the ratio that loam is 2:8 according to volume ratio, and water-loss reducer and adhesive calculate with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 10g/m
2, water-loss reducer 15g/m
2.
3) prepare seed layer materials: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer, adhesive and vegetable seeds are evenly mixed, wherein, afforesting matrix mixes with the ratio that loam is 3:7 according to volume ratio, water-loss reducer, adhesive and vegetable seeds calculate with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 8g/m
2, water-loss reducer 13g/m
2, vegetable seeds 15g/m
2.
4) seed selection: it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that vegetable seeds adopts the suitable raw shrub in native soil, as clover, shrub lespedeza, elm, false indigo, wild jujube, locust tree, coreopsis combination.
2, the structure of restoration of the ecosystem layer
1) sloping surface arrangement: remove the lip-deep weathered layer of side slope 1, appropriateness is smooth domatic.
2) laying of reclamation layer 3: reclamation layer material is ejected into side slope 1 surface with spray seeder upper, thickness is 2cm;
3) laying of sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4: sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4 is layed in to reclamation layer surface, and is fixed in side slope 1 by anchor pole 5.
4) laying of ecological rod 6: ecology rod 6 is to isohypse and is laid on sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4, each biological excellent longitudinal pitch is 1.5m, and is fixed by anchor pole 5;
5) laying of direction earthwork grille 2: direction earthwork grille 2 is covered to whole sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4 tops, and apart from its 9cm place, and by anchor pole 5 by direction earthwork grille 2 be fixed on domatic on;
6) injection of substrate layer 7: utilize dry spraying machine that base material is filled in the space of ecological rod 6 and direction earthwork grille 2 frameworks, thickness is 8cm.
7) injection of Seed Layer 8: after base material solidifies, utilize dry spraying machine that seed layer materials is ejected into whole substrate layer 7 and cover, the jet thickness of Seed Layer 8 is 3cm.
8) laying of topping 9: the topping of being made by rice straw 9 is covered to the external surface of Seed Layer 8 comprehensively.
Implement after half a year, container yard vegetation cover degree reaches more than 80%, and shrub growing height reaches 30-40cm, and the whole upgrowth situation of vegetation is good, and shrub plant is evenly distributed.After 1 year, container yard vegetation growth is vigorous, and vegetation coverage reaches more than 85%, shrub vegetation's growth is vigorous, and average height reaches 60-80m left and right, and a small amount of root system is through compound insulation layer, do not find because alkalescence produces harmful effect to plant growth the whole well-grown of vegetation.
Embodiment 2
Zibo City, Shandong Province, the 1# of Shandong Aluminium Industrial Corp red mud dump B trial zone, the stockyard gradient: 65～75 °, pH value: 12.0.Carry out successively following steps (in conjunction with the restoration of the ecosystem layer schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1):
1, preparation:
1) prepare reclamation layer material: loam, furfural dregs and adhesive are evenly mixed, and wherein, loam mixes with the ratio that furfural dregs is 5:5 according to volume ratio, adhesive calculates with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 15g/m
2.
2) prepare base material: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer and adhesive are evenly mixed, wherein, afforesting matrix mixes with the ratio that loam is 3:7 according to volume ratio, and water-loss reducer and adhesive calculate with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 15g/m
2, water-loss reducer 20g/m
2.
3) prepare seed layer materials: afforesting matrix, loam, water-loss reducer, adhesive and vegetable seeds are evenly mixed, wherein, afforesting matrix mixes with the ratio that loam is 4:6 according to volume ratio, water-loss reducer, adhesive and vegetable seeds calculate with unit area to be sowed grass seeds by duster, and concrete consumption is adhesive 12g/m
2, water-loss reducer 18g/m
2, vegetable seeds 20g/m
2.
4) seed selection: it is that master, herbaceous plant are auxiliary that vegetable seeds adopts the suitable raw shrub in native soil, as clover, shrub lespedeza, elm, false indigo, wild jujube, locust tree, coreopsis combination.
2, the structure of restoration of the ecosystem layer
1) sloping surface arrangement: remove the lip-deep weathered layer of side slope 1, appropriateness is smooth domatic.
2) laying of reclamation layer 3: reclamation layer material is ejected into side slope 1 surface with spray seeder upper, thickness is 3cm;
3) laying of sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4: sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4 is layed in to reclamation layer surface, and is fixed in side slope 1 by anchor pole 5.
4) laying of ecological rod 6: ecology rod 6 is to isohypse and is laid on sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4, each biological excellent longitudinal pitch is 2.0m, is fixed by anchor pole 5;
5) laying of direction earthwork grille 2: direction earthwork grille 2 is covered to whole sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet 4 tops, and apart from its 8cm place, and by anchor pole 5 by direction earthwork grille 2 be fixed on domatic on;
6) injection of substrate layer 7: utilize dry spraying machine that base material is filled in the space of ecological rod 6 and direction earthwork grille 2 frameworks, thickness is 10cm.
7) injection of Seed Layer 8: after base material solidifies, utilize dry spraying machine that seed layer materials is ejected into whole substrate layer 7 and cover, the jet thickness of Seed Layer 8 is 4cm.
8) laying of topping 9: the topping of being made by rice straw 9 is covered to the external surface of Seed Layer 8 comprehensively.
Implement after 1 year, container yard vegetation cover degree reaches more than 85%, and shrub growing height reaches 1m left and right, and the whole upgrowth situation of vegetation is good, and all kinds of shrubs are evenly distributed, and have normally spent the hot-dry season in a year.Shrub plant root system normally penetrates compound insulation layer, and well-grown, and to vegetation root system, growth does not impact, and the seedling of existing periphery indigenous tree planting growth is found in investigation, and whole vegetation recovery effect is remarkable.
Although, above with a general description of the specific embodiments the utility model having been done to detailed description, on the utility model basis, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements on the basis of not departing from the utility model spirit, all belong to the claimed scope of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. for a restoration of the ecosystem layer for red mud from sintering process storage yard slope, it is characterized in that, take side slope as the bottom, lay successively reclamation layer, sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet, substrate layer, Seed Layer, topping from bottom to top; Wherein reclamation layer and sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet are fixed in side slope by anchor pole.
2. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described reclamation layer is 2-3cm.
3. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described substrate layer is comprised of ecological rod, direction earthwork grille and base material; Wherein, described ecological rod and direction earthwork grille are all fixed in side slope by anchor pole, and fill base material in the space by ecological rod and direction earthwork grille framework, thereby form substrate layer.
4. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described substrate layer thickness is 8-10cm.
5. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described ecological rod is made by macromolecule polypropylene material, and is layed in sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet surface with longitudinal pitch 1.5-2.0m.
6. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described direction earthwork grille is layed in sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet top, and apart from sodium-based bentonite waterproof carpet surface 8-10cm.
7. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the mesh size of described direction earthwork grille is 3-5cm * 3-5cm.
8. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described seed layer thickness is 3-4cm.
9. restoration of the ecosystem layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described protective layer thickness is 0.5-1.5cm.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104452778A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 攀枝花钢城集团有限公司 | Metallurgical slag storage yard processing method |
| CN105970978A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Slope ecological restoration system and method |
| CN106961996A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-21 | 青岛绿锦和环境保护有限公司 | A kind of side slope vertical planting Ecosystem restoration system and method |
| CN109644781A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-19 | 谢天宇 | A kind of ecological recovery method and its ecological flyash stack yard of flyash stack yard |
-
2014
- 2014-02-12 CN CN201420063464.2U patent/CN203716135U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104452778A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 攀枝花钢城集团有限公司 | Metallurgical slag storage yard processing method |
| CN105970978A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-28 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Slope ecological restoration system and method |
| CN105970978B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2018-12-21 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Slope ecological restoration system and method |
| CN106961996A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-21 | 青岛绿锦和环境保护有限公司 | A kind of side slope vertical planting Ecosystem restoration system and method |
| CN109644781A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-19 | 谢天宇 | A kind of ecological recovery method and its ecological flyash stack yard of flyash stack yard |
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